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Lessons from History

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Lessons from History

عِبَرٌ مِنَ ٱلتَّارِيخِ

The Quran beautifully weaves narratives of past nations and events, not merely as historical accounts, but as profound lessons (عِبَرٌ مِنَ ٱلتَّارِيخِ) for all humanity. This central theme invites believers to reflect deeply on the rise and fall of civilizations, the consequences of obedience and disobedience to God, and the ultimate fate of those who embraced truth versus those who denied it. The stories serve as powerful admonitions, urging us to learn from the mistakes of those who came before and to be mindful of our own actions. For instance, we are encouraged to [proceed throughout the earth and observe how was the end of those who denied], understanding that divine justice is a consistent pattern. Certain historical events are explicitly described as [a deterrent punishment for those who were present and those who succeeded [them] and a lesson for those who fear Allah]. These narratives are not meant to induce despair, but to awaken our hearts, sharpen our insight, and guide us towards gratitude, righteousness, and steadfastness. By understanding the experiences of prophets and their communities, and the transgressions of past peoples, we gain wisdom to navigate contemporary challenges and strive for a righteous path, recognizing that [Allah supports with His victory whom He wills], and that indeed, in these stories, is a profound lesson for those of vision.

The Quranic discourse is replete with narratives from history, not as mere chronological records, but as profound lessons and admonitions for humanity. This theme, encapsulated by the term 'Ibarun minat-Tarikh (Lessons from History), runs throughout the Quran, inviting believers to reflect deeply on the consistent patterns of divine justice, the consequences of actions, and the ultimate fate of nations. The divine message urges us to , understanding that these historical accounts are and a lesson for those who fear Allah]. These narratives aim to awaken hearts, sharpen insight, and guide towards gratitude, righteousness, and steadfastness.

The Purpose of Quranic Narratives: Guidance and Admonition

The Quran's historical accounts serve a primary didactic function: to provide guidance and profound lessons rather than simply relaying past events. As Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains, the purpose of these stories is "to draw certain conclusions from the stories, and to illustrate or point out certain spiritual principles." This is evident in the repeated exhortations to . Such verses explicitly connect historical outcomes with ethical and spiritual choices.

For instance, the story of the people who fled their homes "in many thousands, fearing death," only for Allah to command them to "Die," then restoring them to life, serves as a powerful reminder that . Ibn Kathir notes that this event demonstrates "that no caution can ever avert destiny and that there is no refuge from Allah, but to Allah Himself." Similarly, the destruction of numerous cities due to their wrongdoing is presented as a recurring divine pattern: . This is a warning against complacency, as Allah asks, Did the people of the towns then feel secure against the coming of Our punishment by night while they were asleep? Or, did the people of the towns then feel secure against the coming of Our punishment in the forenoon while they were playing?. Tafsir Ibn Kathir states that "none feels secure from Allah's plan except the people who are the losers," emphasizing that genuine faith entails constant awareness and fear of divine retribution.

The narratives also aim to reassure Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the believers, affirming that rejection and ridicule of messengers are not new phenomena: - so were messengers denied before you]. This provides comfort and strengthens resolve, highlighting the consistency of Allah's way with His messengers throughout history.

Divine Justice and the Consequences of Disobedience

A central lesson derived from history in the Quran is the unwavering nature of divine justice. Nations that defied their prophets and transgressed Allah's laws invariably faced severe consequences, often leading to their destruction. The Quran frequently prompts reflection on this, asking, and .

The story of the Children of Israel provides numerous examples of their disobedience and the ensuing divine punishment. When they "took to themselves the calf as a god" after Moses' departure, they were deemed "evildoers". Their repentance was uniquely prescribed: those innocent of calf-worship were to slay the guilty, a severe measure accepted by Allah for their forgiveness, as recounted by Ibn `Abbas. Later, their repeated defiance, such as breaching the sanctity of the Sabbath by using "deceitful means to avoid honoring the Sabbath" led to their transformation into monkeys, despised and rejected. Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran clarifies that such metamorphosed individuals do not breed, underscoring the finality and deterrent nature of this punishment, which serves as "a warning for others."

The narrative of the Thamud people, who denied Prophet Salih and his miracle of the she-camel, culminates in their destruction by a "severe earthquake" and a "horrendously shrill cry". Prophet Hud's people, 'Aad, similarly faced ruin because of their arrogance and denial, being destroyed by a "furious violent wind" (7:70, Tafsir Ibn Kathir). These accounts are not merely historical events but are presented as , illustrating that defiance of divine commandments carries inevitable and severe repercussions.

Prophetic Models and Human Responsibility

The Quran also presents prophetic lives as exemplary models for humanity. The story of Adam, for instance, highlights his selection as Allah's vicegerent on Earth, demonstrating his superiority through knowledge imparted by Allah. The angels, initially questioning the appointment of a being prone to mischief and bloodshed, came to understand Adam's unique capacity for knowledge. This narrative, as Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains, teaches the foundational principle that "ultimate sovereignty in the universe belongs to Allah Himself," and prophets are chosen by Him to "promulgate divine commandments" and serve as His deputies.

The trials of prophets like Nuh, Hud, Salih, and Musa, and their steadfastness in the face of their communities' stubbornness, provide enduring lessons. Prophet Nuh's mission against idol-worshipping people, despite centuries of calling them to Allah, exemplifies perseverance (7:59, Tafsir Ibn Kathir). The dialogue between Prophet Hud and his people illustrates the rejection faced by messengers and the accusations of "foolishness" leveled against them. Yet, the prophets maintained their duty to convey Allah's messages with sincerity, reminding their people of divine blessings and warnings.

Human beings are repeatedly reminded of their responsibility to learn from these historical patterns. Those who inherit the earth are urged to consider how former inhabitants were afflicted for their sins, recognizing that similar fates await those who persist in disbelief and disobedience. The Quran emphasizes that Allah does not obligate any soul beyond its capacity, making divine injunctions accessible and just. Therefore, individuals are accountable for their choices, and neglecting the lessons of history leads to spiritual blindness and perdition, as Allah seals up the hearts of the disbelievers who willfully reject truth.

The Enduring Significance of Historical Lessons

The Quran emphasizes the enduring relevance of these historical narratives, asserting that . These accounts serve as a timeless source of wisdom, guiding believers to navigate contemporary challenges by drawing parallels with the past. The call to is not merely an academic exercise but an active engagement with the manifestations of divine justice.

The Quranic stories provide both comfort and caution. For instance, the victory of the outnumbered believers at Badr against the disbelievers is presented as , demonstrating that . This offers reassurance that divine aid is granted to those who believe and strive in His cause. Conversely, the destruction of nations like 'Aad and Thamud serves as a stark warning against arrogance, oppression, and disbelief.

These lessons extend to ethical and social conduct. The admonition against the People of the Book for mixing truth with falsehood and concealing it and for enjoining righteousness upon others while neglecting it themselves serves as a timeless ethical guideline for all who hold positions of religious authority. As the Caliph Sulayman ibn `Abd al-Malik's interaction with Abu Hazim illustrates, true wisdom lies in acting upon knowledge and fearing Allah, not in worldly gains or public approval (2:42, Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran).

In summary, the Quran's emphasis on "Lessons from History" transcends mere storytelling. It integrates past events into a holistic framework of divine revelation, prophetic guidance, and individual accountability. By reflecting on the triumphs of the righteous and the downfalls of the defiant, believers gain profound insight into Allah's consistent laws and are continually reminded to strive for faith, righteousness, and gratitude, recognizing that eternal success lies in adhering to His path.

Quran — 91 verses

فَجَعَلْنَٰهَا نَكَٰلًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا وَمَا خَلْفَهَا وَمَوْعِظَةً لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ

Faja'alnaahaa nakaalal limaa baina yadihaa wa maa khalfahaa wa maw'izatal lilmuttaqeen

And We made it a deterrent punishment for those who were present and those who succeeded [them] and a lesson for those who fear Allah.

اور اس قصے کو اس وقت کے لوگوں کے لیے اور جو ان کے بعد آنے والے تھے عبرت اور پرہیز گاروں کے لیے نصیحت بنا دیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: This episode belongs to the time of Sayyidna Dawud (David (علیہ السلام Allah had appointed Saturday as the Sabt سبت ، or the sacred day, for the Israelites; it was specially set apart for prayers and worship, and hence fishing was prohibited on this day. But these people lived on the sea-shore, and ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We made it this punishment an exemplary punishment a lesson to dissuade others from doing what they did; for all the former times and for the latter that is for the people of that time or those that came later; and an admonition to such as who fear God these are singled out for mention here beca...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Jews breach the Sanctity of the Sabbath Allah said, وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ (And indeed you knew). This Ayah means, O Jews! Remember that Allah sent His torment on the village that disobeyed Him and broke their pledge and their covenant to observe the sanctity of the Sabbath. They began using deceit...

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا۟ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمْ وَهُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ ٱلْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مُوتُوا۟ ثُمَّ أَحْيَٰهُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ

Alam tara ilal lazeena kharajoo min diyaarihim wa hum uloofun hazaral mawti faqaaala lahumul laahu mootoo summa ahyaahum; innal laaha lazoo fadlin 'alannaasi wa laakinna aksarannaasi laa yashkuroon

Have you not considered those who left their homes in many thousands, fearing death? Allah said to them, "Die"; then He restored them to life. And Allah is full of bounty to the people, but most of the people do not show gratitude.

بھلا تم نے ان لوگوں کو نہیں دیکھا جو (شمار میں) ہزاروں ہی تھے اور موت کے ڈر سے اپنے گھروں سے نکل بھاگے تھے۔ تو خدا نے ان کو حکم دیا کہ مرجاؤ۔ پھر ان کو زندہ بھی کردیا۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا لوگوں پر مہربانی رکھتا ہے۔ لیکن اکثر لوگ شکر نہیں کرتے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In a uniquely eloquent manner, the two verses (243, 244) appearing above and verse 245 which follows, present guidance that prompts the sacrifice of one's life and possessions in the way of Allah Almighty. Consequently, before stating related injunctions, an important event of history has...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have you not seen an interrogative to provoke amazement and a longing to hear what will follow that is ‘Has your knowledge not attained’ those thousands four eight ten thirty forty or seventy thousand who went forth from their habitations fearful of death? hadhara’l-mawt an object denoting reason. T...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Dead People Ibn Abu Hatim related that Ibn `Abbas said that these people mentioned herein, were the residents of a village called Dawardan. `Ali bin `Asim said that they were from Dawardan, a village several miles away from Wasit (in Iraq). In his Tafsir, Waki` bin Jarrah said that ...

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلْمَلَإِ مِنۢ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذْ قَالُوا۟ لِنَبِىٍّ لَّهُمُ ٱبْعَثْ لَنَا مَلِكًا نُّقَٰتِلْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ قَالَ هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِن كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْقِتَالُ أَلَّا تُقَٰتِلُوا۟ قَالُوا۟ وَمَا لَنَآ أَلَّا نُقَٰتِلَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِن دِيَٰرِنَا وَأَبْنَآئِنَا فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوْا۟ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّنْهُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Alam tara ilal malai mim Baneee Israaa'eela mim ba'di Moosaaa iz qaaloo li Nabiyyil lahumub 'as lanaa malikan nuqaatil fee sabeelillaahi qaala hal 'asaitum in kutiba 'alaikumul qitaalu allaa tuqaatiloo qaaloo wa maa lanaaa allaa nuqaatila fee sabeelil laahi wa qad ukhrijnaa min diyaarinaa wa abnaaa'inaa falammaa kutiba 'alaihimul qitaalu tawallaw illaa qaleelam minhum; wallaahu 'aleemum bizzaalimeen

Have you not considered the assembly of the Children of Israel after [the time of] Moses when they said to a prophet of theirs, "Send to us a king, and we will fight in the way of Allah "? He said, "Would you perhaps refrain from fighting if fighting was prescribed for you?" They said, "And why should we not fight in the cause of Allah when we have been driven out from our homes and from our children?" But when fighting was prescribed for them, they turned away, except for a few of them. And Allah is Knowing of the wrongdoers.

بھلا تم نے بنی اسرائیل کی ایک جماعت کو نہیں دیکھا جس نے موسیٰ کے بعد اپنے پیغمبر سے کہا کہ آپ ہمارے لئے ایک بادشاہ مقرر کردیں تاکہ ہم خدا کی راہ میں جہاد کریں۔ پیغمبر نے کہا کہ اگر تم کو جہاد کا حکم دیا جائے تو عجب نہیں کہ لڑنے سے پہلو تہی کرو۔ وہ کہنے لگے کہ ہم راہ خدا میں کیوں نہ لڑیں گے جب کہ ہم وطن سے (خارج) اور بال بچوں سے جدا کردیئے گئے۔ لیکن جب ان کو جہاد کا حکم دیا گیا تو چند اشخاص کے سوا سب پھر گئے۔ اور خدا ظالموں سے خوب واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary 1. Verse 246: إِذْ قَالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَّهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنَا مَلِكًا نُّقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ (When they said to a prophet of theirs: "Send us a king so that we may fight in the way of Allah)." These people from the Bani Isra'il had abandoned the injunctions given by Allah Almighty. ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have you not seen the story and the tale of the council an assembly of the Children of Israel after the death of Moses when they said to a prophet of theirs namely Samuel ‘Send establish for us a king to unite us and to whom we can refer matters and we will fight with him in God’s way’. He the proph...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Jews Who sought a King to be appointed over Them Mujahid said that the Prophet (mentioned in the Ayah 2:246 above) is Shamwil (Samuel). Wahb bin Munabbih said: The Children of Israel remained on the straight path for a period of time after Moses. They then innovated in the religion ...

قَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ ءَايَةٌ فِى فِئَتَيْنِ ٱلْتَقَتَا فِئَةٌ تُقَٰتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَأُخْرَىٰ كَافِرَةٌ يَرَوْنَهُم مِّثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْىَ ٱلْعَيْنِ وَٱللَّهُ يُؤَيِّدُ بِنَصْرِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِّأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَبْصَٰرِ

Qad kaana lakum Aayatun fee fi'atainil taqataa fi'atun tuqaatilu fee sabeelil laahi wa ukhraa kaafiratuny yarawnahum mislaihim raayal 'ayn; wallaahu yu'ayyidu bi nasrihee mai yashaaa'; innaa fee zaalika la 'ibratal li ulil absaar

Already there has been for you a sign in the two armies which met - one fighting in the cause of Allah and another of disbelievers. They saw them [to be] twice their [own] number by [their] eyesight. But Allah supports with His victory whom He wills. Indeed in that is a lesson for those of vision.

تمہارے لیے دو گروہوں میں جو (جنگ بدر کے دن) آپس میں بھڑ گئے (قدرت خدا کی عظیم الشان) نشانی تھی ایک گروہ (مسلمانوں کا تھا وہ) خدا کی راہ میں لڑ رہا تھا اور دوسرا گروہ (کافروں کا تھا وہ) ان کو اپنی آنکھوں سے اپنے سے دگنا مشاہدہ کر رہا تھا اور خدا اپنی نصرت سے جس کو چاہتا ہے مدد دیتا ہے جو اہل بصارت ہیں ان کے لیے اس (واقعے) میں بڑی عبرت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence In the previous verses, the disbelievers were informed that they will be overcome. Now, cited in this verse is an example of how the prophecy has been fulfilled. Commentary This verse refers to the Battle of Badr in which the disbelievers had about 1000 men, 700 camels and 100 horses, while...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: There has already been a sign an example the verb qad kāna ‘there has been’ is used to separate the statement to follow from the previous one for you in two hosts two parties that met one another in battle on the day of Badr; one company fighting in the way of God in obedience to Him namely the Prop...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Threatening the Jews With Defeat and Encouraging Them to Learn a Lesson From the Battle of Badr Allah commanded the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to proclaim to the disbelievers, سَتُغْلَبُونَ (You will be defeated) in this life, وَتُحْشَرُونَ (And gathered together) on the Day of Resurrection, إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ...

قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ سُنَنٌ فَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُكَذِّبِينَ

Qad khalat min qablikum sunanum faseeroo fil ardi fanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqiba tul mukazzibeen

Similar situations [as yours] have passed on before you, so proceed throughout the earth and observe how was the end of those who denied.

تم لوگوں سے پہلے بھی بہت سے واقعات گزر چکے ہیں تو تم زمین کی سیر کرکے دیکھ لو کہ جھٹلانے والوں کا کیسا انجام ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Upto this point, the text describes qualities of character that relate to the fulfillment of human rights. Following this, come qualities that relate to the rights of Allah where it has been said that true Muslims do not disobey Allah. Should they ever fall in sin under the compulsions of human weak...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The following was revealed regarding the defeat at Uhud Ways of life have passed away before you all manner of unbelief has preceded where they have been given respite but are then seized with punishment; so travel in the land O believers and behold how was the end of those who denied the messengers...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Wisdom Behind the Losses Muslims Suffered During Uhud Allah states to His believing servants who suffered losses in the battle of Uhud, including seventy dead, قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ سُنَنٌ (137... Many similar ways (and mishaps of life) were faced before you), for the previous nations who f...

فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَ رُسُلٌ مِّن قَبْلِكَ جَآءُو بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ وَٱلزُّبُرِ وَٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُنِيرِ

Fa in kaz zabooka faqad kuz ziba Rusulum min qablika jaaa'oo bilbaiyinaati waz Zuburi wal Kitaabil Muneer

Then if they deny you, [O Muhammad] - so were messengers denied before you, who brought clear proofs and written ordinances and the enlightening Scripture.

پھر اگر یہ لوگ تم کو سچا نہ سمجھیں تو تم سے پہلے بہت سے پیغمبر کھلی ہوئی نشانیاں اور صحیفے اور روشن کتابیں لے کر آچکے ہیں اور لوگوں نے ان کو بھی سچا نہیں سمجھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the fifth verse (184), the Holy Prophet ﷺ has been comforted by saying that he should not grieve at being falsified by his adversaries for this is something faced by all prophets in the past.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But if they deny you so were denied messengers before you who came bearing clear proofs miracles and the Scriptures such as the scrolls of Abraham and the Illuminating the lucid Book that is the Torah and the Gospel a variant reading establishes the prefixed preposition bā’ in both words sc. bi’l-zu...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah Warns the Idolators Sa`id bin Jubayr said that Ibn `Abbas said, "When Allah's statement, مَّن ذَا الَّذِى يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً (Who is he that will lend to Allah a goodly loan so that He may multiply it to him many times) 2:245 was revealed...

وَكَم مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَٰهَا فَجَآءَهَا بَأْسُنَا بَيَٰتًا أَوْ هُمْ قَآئِلُونَ

Wa kam min qaryatin ahlaknaahaa fajaaa'ahaa baasunaa bayaatan aw hum qaaa'iloon

And how many cities have We destroyed, and Our punishment came to them at night or while they were sleeping at noon.

اور کتنی ہی بستیاں ہیں کہ ہم نے تباہ کر ڈالیں جن پر ہمارا عذاب (یا تو رات کو) آتا تھا جبکہ وہ سوتے تھے یا (دن کو) جب وہ قیلولہ (یعنی دوپہر کو آرام) کرتے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the statement فَلَا يَكُن فِي صَدْرِ‌كَ حَرَ‌جٌ appearing in the first verse, the address is to the Holy Prophet . ؓ and he has been told: This Qur'an is the Book of Allah sent down to you. This should not cause any constraint on your heart. The word: حَرَج (haraj) translated here as ` constraint...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: How many kam is predicative and is the direct object of the main verb ahlaknāhā ‘We have destroyed’ a city meaning its inhabitants have We destroyed have We willed its destruction! So Our might Our chastisement came upon it at night or while they slept at noon qā’ilūn al-qaylūla is a rest taken half...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Nations that were destroyed Allah said, وَكَم مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَـهَا (And a great number of towns We destroyed.) for defying Our Messengers and rejecting them. This behavior led them to earn disgrace in this life, which led them to disgrace in the Hereafter. Allah said in other Ayat, وَلَقَدِ ...

تِلْكَ ٱلْقُرَىٰ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنۢبَآئِهَا وَلَقَدْ جَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ فَمَا كَانُوا۟ لِيُؤْمِنُوا۟ بِمَا كَذَّبُوا۟ مِن قَبْلُ كَذَٰلِكَ يَطْبَعُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ

Tilkal quraa naqussu 'alaika min ambaaa'ihaa; wa laqad jaaa'at hum Rusuluhum bilbaiyinaati famaa kaanoo liyu'minoo bimaa kazzaboo min qabl; kazaalika yatba'ul laahu 'alaa quloobil kaafireen

Those cities - We relate to you, [O Muhammad], some of their news. And certainly did their messengers come to them with clear proofs, but they were not to believe in that which they had denied before. Thus does Allah seal over the hearts of the disbelievers.

یہ بستیاں ہیں جن کے کچھ حالات ہم تم کو سناتے ہیں۔ اور ان کے پاس ان کے پیغمبر نشانیاں لے کر آئے۔ مگر وہ ایسے نہیں تھے کہ جس چیز کو پہلے جھٹلا چکے ہوں اسے مان لیں اسی طرح خدا کافروں کے دلوں پر مہر لگا دیتا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The verse 101 has contained the phrase تِلْكَ الْقُرَ‌ىٰ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنبَائِهَا "these are stories of the towns that We narrate to you." The word: نَبَا 'naba' in Arabic is used to denote some great news. With the word: مِن 'min' the verse has indicated that the events described in these ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those towns which have been mentioned We relate to you O Muhammad (s) some of their tidings some of the stories of their peoples. Verily their messengers brought them clear proofs manifest miracles but they would not believe when these signscame to them in what they had denied disbelieved in before ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): تِلْكَ الْقُرَى نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ (Those were the towns that We relate to you) O Muhammad, مِنْ أَنبَآئِهَا (their story), and news, وَلَقَدْ جَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ (And there came indeed to them their Messengers with clear proofs,) and evidences of the truth of what they brought them....

كَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ كَانُوٓا۟ أَشَدَّ مِنكُمْ قُوَّةً وَأَكْثَرَ أَمْوَٰلًا وَأَوْلَٰدًا فَٱسْتَمْتَعُوا۟ بِخَلَٰقِهِمْ فَٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِخَلَٰقِكُمْ كَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُم بِخَلَٰقِهِمْ وَخُضْتُمْ كَٱلَّذِى خَاضُوٓا۟ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَٰلُهُمْ فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرُونَ

Kallazeena min qablikum kaanoo ashadda minkum quwwatanw wa aksara amwaalanw wa awlaadan fastamta'oo bikhalaaqihim fastamta'tum bikhalaaqikum kamas tamta'al lazeena min qablikum bikhalaa qihim wa khudtum kallazee khaadooo; ulaaa'ika habitat a'maaluhum fid dunyaa wal Aakhirati wa ulaaa'ika humul khaasiroon

[You disbelievers are] like those before you; they were stronger than you in power and more abundant in wealth and children. They enjoyed their portion [of worldly enjoyment], and you have enjoyed your portion as those before you enjoyed their portion, and you have engaged [in vanities] like that in which they engaged. [It is] those whose deeds have become worthless in this world and in the Hereafter, and it is they who are the losers.

(تم منافق لوگ) ان لوگوں کی طرح ہو، جو تم سے پہلے ہوچکے ہیں۔ وہ تم سے بہت زیادہ طاقتور اور مال و اولاد میں کہیں زیادہ تھے تو وہ اپنے حصے سے بہرہ یاب ہوچکے۔ سو جس طرح تم سے پہلے لوگ اپنے حصے سے فائدہ اٹھا چکے ہیں۔ اسی طرح تم نے اپنے حصے سے فائدہ اٹھا لیا۔ اور جس طرح وہ باطل میں ڈوبے رہے اسی طرح تم باطل میں ڈوبے رہے یہ وہ لوگ ہیں جن کے اعمال دنیا اور آخرت میں ضائع ہوگئے۔ اور یہی نقصان اٹھانے والے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Let us now consider the statement: كَالَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ (You are) like those before you' in verse 69. According to one exegetical explanation, this is addressed to hypocrites while according to the other explanation, the address is to Muslims. The addition of ` you are' in parenthesis points ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: You O hypocrites are like those before you who were far mightier than you and more abundant in wealth and children. They enjoyed their share their lot in this world. So you enjoy O hypocrites your share just as those before you enjoyed their share and you indulge in vain talk in falsehood and defama...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): بِخَلَـقِهِمْ (their portion), means, they mocked their religion, according to Al-Hasan Al-Basri. Allah's statement, وَخُضْتُمْ كَالَّذِي خَاضُواْ (and you indulged in play and pastime as they indulged in play and pastime), indulged in lies and falsehood, أُوْلَـئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَـلُهُمْ (Such are...

أَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَقَوْمِ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَأَصْحَٰبِ مَدْيَنَ وَٱلْمُؤْتَفِكَٰتِ أَتَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ فَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ

Alam yaatihim naba ul lazeena min qablihim qawmi Noohinw wa 'Aadinw wa Samooda wa qawmi Ibraaheema wa ashaabi adyana walmu'tafikaat; atathum Rusuluhum bilbaiyinaati famaa kaanal laahu liyazlimahum wa laakin kaanooo anfusahum yazlimoon

Has there not reached them the news of those before them - the people of Noah and [the tribes of] 'Aad and Thamud and the people of Abraham and the companions of Madyan and the towns overturned? Their messengers came to them with clear proofs. And Allah would never have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.

کیا ان کو ان لوگوں (کے حالات) کی خبر نہیں پہنچی جو ان سے پہلے تھے (یعنی) نوح اور عاد اور ثمود کی قوم۔ اور ابراہیم کی قوم اور مدین والے اور الٹی ہوئی بستیوں والے۔ ان کے پاس پیغمبر نشانیاں لے لے کر آئے۔ اور خدا تو ایسا نہ تھا کہ ان پر ظلم کرتا لیکن وہی اپنے آپ پر ظلم کرتے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Let us now consider the statement: كَالَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ (You are) like those before you' in verse 69. According to one exegetical explanation, this is addressed to hypocrites while according to the other explanation, the address is to Muslims. The addition of ` you are' in parenthesis points ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Has not the tidings the tale of those before them reached them — the folk of Noah and ‘Ād the folk of Hūd and Thamūd the folk of Sālih and the folk of Abraham and the dwellers of Midian the folk of Shu‘ayb and the Deviant cities? the cities of the folk of Lot meaning its inhabitants. Their messenger...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Advising the Hypocrites to learn a Lesson from Those before Them Allah advises the hypocrites who reject the Messengers, أَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ (Has not the story reached them of those before them) have you (hypocrites) not learned the end of the nations before you who rej...

بَلْ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِمَا لَمْ يُحِيطُوا۟ بِعِلْمِهِۦ وَلَمَّا يَأْتِهِمْ تَأْوِيلُهُۥ كَذَٰلِكَ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Bal kazzaboo bimaa lam yuheetoo bi'ilmihee wa lammaa yaatihim taaweeluh; kazaalika kazzabal lazeena min qablihim fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatuz zaalimeen

Rather, they have denied that which they encompass not in knowledge and whose interpretation has not yet come to them. Thus did those before them deny. Then observe how was the end of the wrongdoers.

حقیقت یہ ہے کہ جس چیز کے علم پر یہ قابو نہیں پاسکے اس کو (نادانی سے) جھٹلا دیا اور ابھی اس کی حقیقت ان پر کھلی ہی نہیں۔ اسی طرح جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے انہوں نے تکذیب کی تھی سو دیکھ لو ظالموں کا انجام کیسا ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the concluding verse (32), it was said: فَذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّـهُ رَ‌بُّكُمُ الْحَقُّ ۖ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ (So, that is Allah, your Lord in truth. And what is there, after truth, but error?), that is, ` this is the Sacred Being whose attributes of perfection have just been ment...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God exalted be He says Nay but they denied that the knowledge whereof they did not comprehend that is they denied the Qur’ān and did not reflected upon it; and whereof the interpretation the consequence of the threats made therein has not yet come to them. So in the same manner of denial those who w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Qur'an is the True, Inimitable Word of Allah and It is a Miracle The Qur'an has a miraculous nature that cannot be imitated. No one can produce anything similar to the Qur'an, nor ten Surahs or even one Surah like it. The eloquence, clarity, precision and grace of the Qur'an cannot be but from A...

فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَنَجَّيْنَٰهُ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥ فِى ٱلْفُلْكِ وَجَعَلْنَٰهُمْ خَلَٰٓئِفَ وَأَغْرَقْنَا ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُنذَرِينَ

Fakazzaboohu fanajjainaahu wa mamm'ahoo fil fulki wa ja'alnaahum khalaaa'ifa wa aghraqnal lazeena kazzaboo bi aayaatinaa fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul munzareen

And they denied him, so We saved him and those with him in the ship and made them successors, and We drowned those who denied Our signs. Then see how was the end of those who were warned.

لیکن ان لوگوں نے ان کی تکذیب کی تو ہم نے ان کو اور جو لوگ ان کے ساتھ کشتی میں سوار تھے سب کو (طوفان سے) بچا لیا اور انہیں (زمین میں) خلیفہ بنادیا اور جن لوگوں نے ہماری آیتوں کو جھٹلایا ان کو غرق کر دیا تو دیکھ لو کہ جو لوگ ڈرائے گئے تھے ان کا کیا انجام ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: It was said in the last verse (64) that, for the friends of Allah, there is the good news in the worldly life and in the Hereafter. As for the good news of the Hereafter, it will come at the time of death when the spirit of the deceased will be taken to Allah. At that time, he will hear the good new...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But they denied him so We saved him and those with him in the Ark and made them that is those with him successors in the earth and We drowned those who denied Our signs by unleashing the Flood. Behold then the nature of the consequence for those who had been warned! in that they were destroyed likew...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Nuh and His People Allah instructed His Prophet , saying: وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ (And recite to them) relate to the disbelievers of the Quraysh who belied you and rejected you, نَبَأَ نُوحٍ (the news of Nuh) meaning, his story and news with his people who belied him. Tell them how Allah des...

فَهَلْ يَنتَظِرُونَ إِلَّا مِثْلَ أَيَّامِ ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوْا۟ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قُلْ فَٱنتَظِرُوٓا۟ إِنِّى مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْمُنتَظِرِينَ

Fahal yantaziroona illaa misla ayyaamil lazeena khalaw min qablihim; qul fantazirooo innee ma'akum minal muntazireen

So do they wait except for like [what occurred in] the days of those who passed on before them? Say, "Then wait; indeed, I am with you among those who wait."

سو جیسے (برے) دن ان سے پہلے لوگوں پر گزر چکے ہیں اسی طرح کے (دنوں کے) یہ منتظر ہیں۔ کہہ دو کہ تم بھی انتظار کرو۔ میں بھی تمہارے ساتھ انتظار کرتا ہوں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the seventh verse (98), the heedless deniers of truth have been admonished for their failure to make the optimum use of the time of life allowed to them. There was still time for them to leave denial and contumacy. Otherwise, an ominous time was due to come when they will make Taubah but their Ta...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: What do they await when they deny you but the like of the days of those who passed away before them? of communities that is the like of chastisements that befell them. Say ‘Then await this I shall indeed be with you among the waiting’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to reflect upon the Creation of the Heavens and the Earth Allah, the Exalted, guides His servants to reflect upon His blessings. What Allah has created in the heavens and the earth is part of the clear signs for those who possess correct understanding. From that which is in the heavens a...

ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ أَنۢبَآءِ ٱلْقُرَىٰ نَقُصُّهُۥ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهَا قَآئِمٌ وَحَصِيدٌ

Zaalika min ambaaa'il quraa naqussuhoo 'alaika minhaa qaaa'imunw wa haseed

That is from the news of the cities, which We relate to you; of them, some are [still] standing and some are [as] a harvest [mowed down].

یہ (پرانی) بستیوں کے تھوڑے سے حالات ہیں جو ہم تم سے بیان کرتے ہیں۔ ان میں سے بعض تو باقی ہیں اور بعض کا تہس نہس ہوگیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After having given this good counsel to them, he warned them of the punishment of Allah Ta` ala. He said: وَيَا قَوْمِ لَا يَجْرِ‌مَنَّكُمْ شِقَاقِي أَن يُصِيبَكُم مِّثْلُ مَا أَصَابَ قَوْمَ نُوحٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ هُودٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ صَالِحٍ ۚ وَمَا قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مِّنكُم بِبَعِيدٍ And 0 my people, let not y...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: That which is mentioned dhālika is the subject the predicate of which follows is something of the tidings of the towns which We relate to you O Muhammad (s). Some of them that is of the towns are standing only its inhabitants having been destroyed and some of them have been cut down destroyed togeth...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Lesson taken from the Destroyed Towns When Allah mentioned the story of the Prophets and what happened with them and their nations -- how He destroyed the disbelievers and saved the believers -- He goes on to say, ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَنْبَآءِ الْقُرَى (That is some of the news of the (population of ) t...

وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَآ أَخَذَ ٱلْقُرَىٰ وَهِىَ ظَٰلِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُۥٓ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ

Wa kazaalika akhzu Rabbika izaaa akhazal quraa wa hiya zaalimah; inna akhzahooo aleemun shadeed

And thus is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes the cities while they are committing wrong. Indeed, His seizure is painful and severe.

اور تمہارا پروردگار جب نافرمان بستیوں کو پکڑا کرتا ہے تو اس کی پکڑ اسی طرح کی ہوتی ہے۔ بےشک اس کی پکڑ دکھ دینے والی اور سخت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After having given this good counsel to them, he warned them of the punishment of Allah Ta` ala. He said: وَيَا قَوْمِ لَا يَجْرِ‌مَنَّكُمْ شِقَاقِي أَن يُصِيبَكُم مِّثْلُ مَا أَصَابَ قَوْمَ نُوحٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ هُودٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ صَالِحٍ ۚ وَمَا قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مِّنكُم بِبَعِيدٍ And 0 my people, let not y...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Such like that seizing is the seizing of your Lord when He seizes the towns meaning its inhabitants while they are doing wrong by way of sins in other words nothing can avail them in any way when He seizes them. Truly His seizing is painful severe. The two Shaykhs Bukhārī and Muslim reported by way ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ (Verily, His punishment is painful (and) severe.) In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that Abu Musa said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُمْلِي لِلظَّالِمِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْه» (Verily, Allah gives respite to a wrongdoer until He seiz...

وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالًا نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيْهِم مِّنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْقُرَىٰٓ أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ وَلَدَارُ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ خَيْرٌ لِّلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ

Wa maaa arsalnaa min qablika illaa rijaalan nooheee ilaihim min ahlil quraa; afalam yaseeroo fil ardi fa yanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena min qablihim; wa la Daarul Aakhirati Khairul lillazeenat taqaw; afalaa ta'qiloon

And We sent not before you [as messengers] except men to whom We revealed from among the people of cities. So have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? And the home of the Hereafter is best for those who fear Allah; then will you not reason?

اور ہم نے تم سے پہلے بستیوں کے رہنے والوں میں سے مرد ہی بھیجے تھے جن کی طرف ہم وحی بھیجتے تھے۔ کیا ان لوگوں نے ملک میں سیر (وسیاحت) نہیں کی کہ دیکھ لیتے کہ جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے ان کا انجام کیا ہوا۔ اور متّقیوں کے لیے آخرت کا گھر بہت اچھا ہے۔ کیا تم سمجھتے نہیں؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: where it was said: وَمَا أَرْ‌سَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ إِلَّا رِ‌جَالًا نُّوحِي إِلَيْهِم مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَ‌ىٰ : It means that their thinking that it is an angel who should be the messenger and prophet of Allah and that a human being cannot occupy this station is baseless and ineffectual. Quite contr...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We did not send before you any messengers save men inspired by revelation yūhā ilayhim a variant reading has nūhī ilayhim ‘to whom We revealed’ — and not angels — from among the people of the towns the principal towns since they are more knowledgeable and wiser than the people of the desert who ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All of the Prophets are Humans and Men Allah states that He only sent Prophets and Messengers from among men and not from among women, as this Ayah clearly states. Allah did not reveal religious and legislative laws to any woman from among the daughters of Adam. This is the belief of Ahlus-Sunnah wa...

لَقَدْ كَانَ فِى قَصَصِهِمْ عِبْرَةٌ لِّأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَٰبِ مَا كَانَ حَدِيثًا يُفْتَرَىٰ وَلَٰكِن تَصْدِيقَ ٱلَّذِى بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَتَفْصِيلَ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ

Laqad kaana fee qasasihim 'ibratul li ulil albaa; maa kaana hadeesany yuftaraa wa laakin tasdeeqal lazee baina yadihi wa tafseela kulli shai'inw wa hudanw wa rahmatal liqawminy yu'minoon

There was certainly in their stories a lesson for those of understanding. Never was the Qur'an a narration invented, but a confirmation of what was before it and a detailed explanation of all things and guidance and mercy for a people who believe.

ان کے قصے میں عقلمندوں کے لیے عبرت ہے۔ یہ (قرآن) ایسی بات نہیں ہے جو (اپنے دل سے) بنائی گئی ہو بلکہ جو (کتابیں) اس سے پہلے نازل ہوئی ہیں ان کی تصدیق (کرنے والا) ہے اور مومنوں کے لیے ہدایت اور رحمت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the opening statement of the last verse of the Surah, it was said: لَقَدْ كَانَ فِي قَصَصِهِمْ عِبْرَ‌ةٌ لِّأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ Surely, in the narratives of these, there is lesson for the people of understanding - 111. This statement may be pointing to the stories of all prophets (علیہم السلام) i...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Verily there is in their stories that is the messengers’ stories a lesson for people of pith possessors of intellect. It this Qur’ān is not a fabricated an invented discourse but it is a confirmation of what was revealed before it of scriptures and a detailing an elucidation of everything that one n...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): A Lesson for Men Who have Understanding Allah states here that the stories of the Messengers and their nations and how we saved the believers and destroyed the disbelievers are, عِبْرَةٌ لاوْلِى الأَلْبَـبِ (a lesson for men of understanding), who have sound minds, مَا كَانَ حَدِيثًا يُفْتَرَى (It i...

وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ ٱلْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمُ ٱلْمَثُلَٰتُ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ

Wa yasta'jiloonaka bis saiyi'ati qablal hasanati wa qad khalat min qablihimul masulaat; wa inna Rabbaka lazoo maghfiratil linnaasi 'alaa zulmihim wa inna Rabbaka lashadeedul 'iqaab

They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there has already occurred before them similar punishments [to what they demand]. And indeed, your Lord is full of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty.

اور یہ لوگ بھلائی سے پہلے تم سے برائی کے جلد خواستگار یعنی (طالب عذاب) ہیں حالانکہ ان سے پہلے عذاب (واقع) ہوچکے ہیں اور تمہارا پروردگار لوگوں کو باوجود ان کی بےانصافیوں کے معاف کرنے والا ہے۔ اور بےشک تمہارا پروردگار سخت عذاب دینے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: يَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَاتُ ۗ وَإِنَّ رَ‌بَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَ‌ةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَ‌بَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ 'And they ask for evil to come sooner than good (by saying: If you are a prophet, let us have your p...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The following was revealed regarding their hastening on out of mockery of the chastisement And they would have you hasten on the evil the chastisement rather than the good rather than mercy when there have indeed occurred before them exemplary punishments mathulāt is the plural of mathula similar in...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Disbelievers ask for the Punishment to be delivered now! Allah said, وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ (They ask you to hasten), in reference to the disbelievers, بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ (the evil before the good,) meaning, the punishment. Allah said in other Ayat that they said, وَقَالُواْ يأَيُّهَ...

وَلَقَدِ ٱسْتُهْزِئَ بِرُسُلٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ فَأَمْلَيْتُ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهُمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ

Wa laqadis tuhzi'a bi Rusulim min qablika fa amlaitu lillazeena kafaroo summa akhaztuhum fakaifa kaana 'iqaab

And already were [other] messengers ridiculed before you, and I extended the time of those who disbelieved; then I seized them, and how [terrible] was My penalty.

اور تم سے پہلے بھی رسولوں کے ساتھ تمسخر ہوتے رہے ہیں تو ہم نے کافروں کو مہلت دی پھر پکڑ لیا۔ سو (دیکھ لو کہ) ہمارا عذاب کیسا تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: it was said to comfort him: وَلَقَدِ اسْتُهْزِئَ بِرُ‌سُلٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ فَأَمْلَيْتُ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُ‌وا ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ (And Messengers have been mocked at before you, so I let the disbelievers go on for a while. Then I seized them. So, how was My punishment?) In other...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: messengers were certainly mocked before you in the same way that you have been mocked — this is meant as solace for the Prophet s — but I gave respite to those who disbelieved; then I seized them with retribution and how was My retribution? that is to say it My retribution will come to pass; and I s...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Comforting the Messenger of Allah ﷺ Allah says to His Messenger, while comforting him in facing his people's denial of him, وَلَقَدِ اسْتُهْزِىءَ بِرُسُلٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ `(And indeed (many) Messengers were mocked at before you), so you have a good example in them, فَأَمْلَيْتُ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ (b...

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا۟ أَنَّا نَأْتِى ٱلْأَرْضَ نَنقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا وَٱللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِۦ وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ ٱلْحِسَابِ

Awalam yaraw annaa naatil arda nanqusuhaa min atraafihaa; wallaahu yahkumu laa mu'aqqiba lihukmih; wa Huwa saree'ul hisaab

Have they not seen that We set upon the land, reducing it from its borders? And Allah decides; there is no adjuster of His decision. And He is swift in account.

کیا انہوں نے نہیں دیکھا کہ ہم زمین کو اس کے کناروں سے گھٹاتے چلے آتے ہیں۔ اور خدا (جیسا چاہتا ہے) حکم کرتا ہے کوئی اس کے حکم کا رد کرنے والا نہیں۔ اور وہ جلد حساب لینے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse وَإِن مَّا نُرِ‌يَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ (And if We show you some of what We promise them, or We take you back to Us), it is to comfort and assure the Holy Prophet ﷺ that he has been given the good news that the promises Allah has made to him that Islam will h...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Or is it that they the people of Mecca have not seen how We visit the land how We target their land diminishing it at its outlying regions? by giving victory to the Prophet s. And God judges among His creatures as He will; there is none that can repel His judgement and He is swift at reckoning.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Punishment is by Allah, and the Messenger's Job is only to convey the Message Allah said to His Messenger , وَإِن مَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ `(Whether We show you) O Muhammad, part of the disgrace and humiliation We have promised your enemies in this life, أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ (or cause you to die) before th...

وَسَكَنتُمْ فِى مَسَٰكِنِ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمْ كَيْفَ فَعَلْنَا بِهِمْ وَضَرَبْنَا لَكُمُ ٱلْأَمْثَالَ

Wa sakantum fee masaakinil lazeena zalamooo anfusahum wa tabaiyana lakum kaifa fa'alnaa bihim wa darabnaa lakumul amsaal

And you lived among the dwellings of those who wronged themselves, and it had become clear to you how We dealt with them. And We presented for you [many] examples."

اور جو لوگ اپنے آپ پر ظلم کرتے تھے تم ان کے مکانوں میں رہتے تھے اور تم پر ظاہر ہوچکا تھا کہ ہم نے ان لوگوں کے ساتھ کس طرح (کا معاملہ) کیا تھا اور تمہارے (سمجھانے) کے لیے مثالیں بیان کر دی تھیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 45: وَسَكَنتُمْ فِي مَسَاكِنِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ وَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمْ كَيْفَ فَعَلْنَا بِهِمْ وَضَرَ‌بْنَا لَكُمُ الْأَمْثَالَ And you dwelt in the dwelling of those who wronged themselves, and it became clear to you how We dealt with them and We put forth for you the examples, as...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And you dwelt in it in the dwelling-places of those who wronged themselves through unbelief those from among communities of old and it became clear to you how We dealt with them by way of punishment — but you were not restrained thereby — and We struck made clear similitudes for you in the Qur’ān bu...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): There will be no Respite after the Coming of the Torment Allah mentions what those who committed injustice against themselves will say when they witness the torment, رَبَّنَآ أَخِّرْنَآ إِلَى أَجَلٍ قَرِيبٍ نُّجِبْ دَعْوَتَكَ وَنَتَّبِعِ الرُّسُلَ (Our Lord! Respite us for a little while, we will an...

وَمَآ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَرْيَةٍ إِلَّا وَلَهَا كِتَابٌ مَّعْلُومٌ

Wa maaa ahlaknaa min qaryatin illaa wa lahaa kitaabum ma'loom

And We did not destroy any city but that for it was a known decree.

اور ہم نے کوئی بستی ہلاک نہیں کی۔ مگر اس کا وقت مرقوم ومعین تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary From: ذَرْ‌هُمْ يَأْكُلُوا (Let them eat ...3) we can see that the making of eating and drinking the real occupation and aim of life, and keeping glued to long-drawn material plans while surrounded by countless things of worldly comfort, and becoming totally heedless to death, is somethi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We did not destroy any town min qaryatin min is extra meaning its inhabitants but that it had a known decree a pre-determined term after which it would be destroyed.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Every Township has its allotted Time Allah is informing us that He never destroys a township until He has established evidences for it and its allotted time has ended. When the time for a nation's destruction has come, He never delays it, and He never moves its appointed time forward. This was a mes...

لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِۦ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ سُنَّةُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

Laa yu'minoona bihee wa qad khalat sunnatul awwaleen

They will not believe in it, while there has already occurred the precedent of the former peoples.

سو وہ اس پر ایمان نہیں لاتے اور پہلوں کی روش بھی یہی رہی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: A Lexical Note of Explanation The word: اَلشِيَعِ in the first verse (10) is the plural form of: شِیعہ (shah) which means the follower or helper of a person. Then, it is also used to denote a group which agrees upon particular beliefs and theoretical assumptions. So, the sense of the statement is th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They do not believe in him in the Prophet s even though the example of the men of old has already gone before that is the way of God in dealing with them those of old by chastising them for denying the truthfulness of their prophets those Meccans are like these former.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Idolators of Every Nation made a Mockery of their Messengers Consoling His Messenger for the rejection of the disbelieving Quraysh, Allah says that He has sent Messengers before him to the nations of the past, and no Messenger came to a nation but they rejected him and mocked him. Then He tells ...

وَإِنَّهَا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُّقِيمٍ

Wa innahaa labi sabeelim muqeem

And indeed, those cities are [situated] on an established road.

اور وہ (شہر) اب تک سیدھے رستے پر (موجود) ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Learn Your Essential Lesson From Sites Ruined by Divine Punishment In verses 75 and 76: إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ﴿75﴾ وَإِنَّهَا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُّقِيمٍ ﴿76﴾ (Surely, in that there are signs for those who read signs. And surely, it [ their city ] is located on the straight road), ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And indeed they that is the cities of the people of Lot are on a road that still remains Quraysh’s route to Syria one not yet effaced so why do they not take heed from their example?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Destruction of the People of Lut Allah said; فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ (So the Sayhah overtook them) This is the piercing sound that came to them when the sun rose, which was accompanied by the city being flipped upside down, and stones of baked clay (As-Sijjil) raining down upon them. The disc...

فَٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ وَإِنَّهُمَا لَبِإِمَامٍ مُّبِينٍ

Fantaqamnaa minhum wa innahumaa labi imaamim mubeen

So We took retribution from them, and indeed, both [cities] are on a clear highway.

تو ہم نے ان سے بھی بدلہ لیا۔ اور یہ دونوں شہر کھلے رستے پر (موجود) ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Aikah means a dense forest. There are other views too. Some commentators say that there was a dense forest near Madyan, therefore, Aikah is actually the title of the people of Madyan. Others have said that the people of Aikah and the people of Madyan were two different people. It was afte...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So We exacted retribution from them by destroying them through extreme heat. And certainly both of them that is the cities of the people of Lot and those of the dwellers in the wood are upon a open road plain to see so will you not take heed from their example O people of Mecca?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Destruction of the Dwellers of Al-Aykah, the People of Shu`ayb The Dwellers of Al-Aykah, were the people of Shu`ayb. Ad-Dahhak, Qatadah and others said that Al-Aykah refers to intertwined trees. Their evildoing included associating partners with Allah (Shirk), banditry and cheating in weights an...

قَدْ مَكَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَى ٱللَّهُ بُنْيَٰنَهُم مِّنَ ٱلْقَوَاعِدِ فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلسَّقْفُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ

Qad makaral lazeena min qablihim fa atal laahu bunyaa nahum minal qawaa'idi fakharra 'alaihimus saqfu min fawqihim wa ataahumul 'azaabu min haisu laa yash'uroon

Those before them had already plotted, but Allah came at their building from the foundations, so the roof fell upon them from above them, and the punishment came to them from where they did not perceive.

ان سے پہلے لوگوں نے بھی (ایسی ہی) مکاریاں کی تھیں تو خدا (کا حکم) ان کی عمارت کے ستونوں پر آپہنچا اور چھت ان پر ان کے اوپر سے گر پڑی اور (ایسی طرف سے) ان پر عذاب آ واقع ہوا جہاں سے ان کو خیال بھی نہ تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary It will be recalled that, after describing the blessings of Allah and proving that He was unique in the creation of the universe, the text made a pointed reference to how the polytheists chose to stick to their own ways of error. In the present verses, the text describes how they, not con...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those before them had indeed plotted those such as Nimrod — he built a lofty tower that he might ascend through it to the heavens and wage war against its inhabitants; then God came at He aimed at their edifice from the foundations from the base unleashing against it winds and earthquake which demol...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Discussion about what the previous Peoples did, and what was done to Them قَدْ مَكَرَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ (Those before them indeed plotted,) Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "This refers to Namrud (Nimrod), who built the tower." Others said that it refers to Bukhtanassar (Nebuchadnezza...

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنَ ٱلْقُرُونِ مِنۢ بَعْدِ نُوحٍ وَكَفَىٰ بِرَبِّكَ بِذُنُوبِ عِبَادِهِۦ خَبِيرًۢا بَصِيرًا

Wa kam ahlaknaa minal qurooni mim ba'di Nooh; wa kafaa bi Rabbika bizunoobi 'ibaadihee Khabeeram Baseeraa

And how many have We destroyed from the generations after Noah. And sufficient is your Lord, concerning the sins of His servants, as Acquainted and Seeing.

اور ہم نے نوح کے بعد بہت سی اُمتوں کو ہلاک کر ڈالا۔ اور تمہارا پروردگار اپنے بندوں کے گناہوں کو جاننے اور دیکھنے والا کافی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence Previous verses said that it is the customary practice of Allah Ta` ala that he does not send punishment upon a people until the commandments of Allah reach them through the blessed prophets which they still refuse to obey. Given in the verses cited above is what happens on the other side w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: How many — in other words many — generations communities We have destroyed since Noah! And your Lord suffices as One Informed and Beholder of the sins of His servants Knower of the hidden and manifest aspects of these sins bi-rabbika ‘your Lord’ is semantically connected to bi-dhunūb ‘of the sins’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): A Threat to Quraysh Warning the disbelievers of the Quraysh for rejecting His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ, Allah says that He destroyed other nations who rejected the Messengers after Nuh. This indicates that during the centuries between Adam and Nuh, humans were following Islam, as Ibn `Abbas said: "Betwe...

سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَا وَلَا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلًا

Sunnata man qad arsalnaa qablakamir Rusulinaa wa laa tajidu lisunnatinaa tahhweelaa

[That is Our] established way for those We had sent before you of Our messengers; and you will not find in Our way any alteration.

جو پیغمبر ہم نے تم سے پہلے بھیجے تھے ان کا (اور ان کے بارے میں ہمارا یہی) طریق رہا ہے اور تم ہمارے طریق میں تغیروتبدل نہ پاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The last verse (77): سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْ‌سَلْنَا (Such has been Our way with the messengers We sent ...) tells us that, according to the customary way and law of Allah Ta` ala, when a people expel their prophet from his home-land, or compel him to leave by scaring and harassing, then, those people...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: That is the way in the case of those whom We have sent from among Our messengers before you that is to say that is Our way of dealing with them their enemies destroying those who expel them Our messengers. And as regards Our established way you will not find any change any alternative manner.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reason why these Ayat were revealed This was revealed concerning the disbelievers among the Quraysh, when they wanted to expel the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from among themselves. So Allah issued a warning to them in this Ayah, telling them that if they expelled him, they would not stay in Makkah for...

وَتِلْكَ ٱلْقُرَىٰٓ أَهْلَكْنَٰهُمْ لَمَّا ظَلَمُوا۟ وَجَعَلْنَا لِمَهْلِكِهِم مَّوْعِدًا

Wa tkal quraaa ahlak nahum lammaa zulamoo wa ja'alnaa limahlikihim maw'idaa

And those cities - We destroyed them when they wronged, and We made for their destruction an appointed time.

اور یہ بستیاں (جو ویران پڑی ہیں) جب انہوں نے (کفر سے) ظلم کیا تو ہم نے ان کو تباہ کر دیا۔ اور ان کی تباہی کے لئے ایک وقت مقرر کردیا تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The statement: وَكَانَ الْإِنسَانُ أَكْثَرَ‌ شَيْءٍ جَدَلًا (And man is the most quarrel-some of all things - 54) has been testified through a Hadith narrated by Sayyidna 'Anas ؓ in which the Holy Prophet ﷺ has been reported to have said, "On the day of Qiyamah, a man from among the disbelievers wil...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And those towns that is to say the inhabitants of those towns such as ‘Ād and Thamūd as well as others We destroyed them when they did evil when they disbelieved and We appointed for their destruction a variant reading for mahlikihim has muhlakihim a tryst.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Worst People are Those Who turn away after being reminded Allah says, `Who among My creatures does more wrong than one who is reminded of the signs of Allah then turns away from them,' i.e., ignores them and does not listen or pay attention to them. وَنَسِىَ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ (forgetting wha...

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هُمْ أَحْسَنُ أَثَٰثًا وَرِءْيًا

Wa kam ahlaknaa qablahum min qarnin hum ahsanu asaasanw wa ri'yaa

And how many a generation have We destroyed before them who were better in possessions and [outward] appearance?

اور ہم نے ان سے پہلے بہت سی اُمتیں ہلاک کردیں۔ وہ لوگ (ان سے) ٹھاٹھ اور نمود میں کہیں اچھے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary خَيْرٌ‌ مَّقَامًا وَأَحْسَنُ نَدِيًّا "Superior in respect of its place and better in respect of its assembly" - 19:73. The infidels never relaxed their efforts to confuse and perplex the believers. They were very rich and possessed material wealth in great abundance. They had their retin...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And how many — in other words many — a generation that is a community from among the communities of the past have We destroyed before them who were superior in their possession of gear in wealth and chattel and in appearance superior as a sight ri’yan derives from the infinitive al-ru’ya. Thus in th...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Disbelievers boast over Their good Fortune in the World Allah, the Exalted, informs that when the clear, evident Ayat of Allah are recited to the disbelievers, they reject them and turn away. They say about those who believe, while boasting to them and arguing that their false religion is correc...

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هَلْ تُحِسُّ مِنْهُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍ أَوْ تَسْمَعُ لَهُمْ رِكْزًۢا

Wa kam ahlaknaa qabla hum min qarnin hal tuhissu minhum min ahadin aw tasma'u lahum rikzaa

And how many have We destroyed before them of generations? Do you perceive of them anyone or hear from them a sound?

اور ہم نے اس سے پہلے بہت سے گروہوں کو ہلاک کردیا ہے۔ بھلا تم ان میں سے کسی کو دیکھتے ہو یا (کہیں) ان کی بھنک سنتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: أَوْ تَسْمَعُ لَهُمْ رِ‌كْزًا "Or hear from them even a whisper" - 19:98. The word means a faint, unintelligible sound such as a death-rattle. The meaning of the verse is that there have been many kings who ruled vast empires, exercised unlimited authority and lived in great splendor, but when the w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And how many — in other words many — a generation namely how many a community from among the communities of the past We have destroyed before them for their denial of Our messengers. Can you see can you find so much as one of them or hear from them so much as the faintest sound? No indeed! So just a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah places Love of the Righteous People in the Hearts Allah, the Exalted, informs about His believing servants, who work righteous deeds -- deeds that He is pleased with because they are in accordance with the legislation of Muhammad -- that He plants love for them in the hearts of His righteous s...

قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ ٱلْقُرُونِ ٱلْأُولَىٰ

Qaala famaa baalul quroonil oolaa

[Pharaoh] said, "Then what is the case of the former generations?"

کہا تو پہلی جماعتوں کا کیا حال؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: أَعْطَىٰ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدَىٰ (who gave everything its shape then guidance 20:50) refers to the guidance of Takwin (تکوینی ھدایت). Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) reminded the Pharaoh, at the first place, of those acts of Allah Ta` ala which are obviously done by Him alone and about which ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He Pharaoh said ‘So what of the status of the generations the communities of old?’ such as the people of Noah Hūd Lot and Sālih with regard to their having worshipped graven images.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Conversation between Musa and Fir`awn Allah, the Exalted, informs about Fir`awn that he said to Musa, in his rejection of the existence of a Supreme Maker and Creator, Who is the God of everything and his own Lord and Owner: فَمَن رَّبُّكُمَا يمُوسَى (Who then, O Musa, is the Lord of you two) me...

كَذَٰلِكَ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنۢبَآءِ مَا قَدْ سَبَقَ وَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَٰكَ مِن لَّدُنَّا ذِكْرًا

Kazaalika naqussu 'alaika min ambaaa'i maa qad sabaq; wa qad aatainaaka mil ladunnaa Zikraa

Thus, [O Muhammad], We relate to you from the news of what has preceded. And We have certainly given you from Us the Qur'an.

اس طرح پر ہم تم سے وہ حالات بیان کرتے ہیں جو گذر چکے ہیں۔ اور ہم نے تمہیں اپنے پاس سے نصیحت (کی کتاب) عطا فرمائی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary وَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ مِن لَّدُنَّا ذِكْرً‌ا (And We have given to you, from Ourself, a (book on advice. - 20:99) According to a majority of commentators the word (advice) in the present context means the Qur'an.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Thus just as We have related to you O Muhammad (s) this story We relate to you some stories some accounts of what is past of communities and We have given you from Ourselves a Reminder a Qur’ān.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Entire Qur'an is the Remembrance of Allah and mentioning thePunishment of Those Who turn away from It Allah, the Exalted, is saying to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, `We have told you (O Muhammad) the story of Musa and what happened with him, Fir`awn and his armies, just as it actually happened. Likewise, ...

وَكَمْ قَصَمْنَا مِن قَرْيَةٍ كَانَتْ ظَالِمَةً وَأَنشَأْنَا بَعْدَهَا قَوْمًا ءَاخَرِينَ

Wa kam qasamnaa min qaryatin kannat zaalimatanw wa anshadnaa ba'dahaa qawman aakhareen

And how many a city which was unjust have We shattered and produced after it another people.

اور ہم نے بہت سی بستیوں کو جو ستمگار تھیں ہلاک کر مارا اور ان کے بعد اور لوگ پیدا کردیئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary These verses describe the destruction of those settlements which some exegesists have taken as Fladhura' ) حضُوراء) and Qilabah (قلابہ) of Yemen. Allah Ta` ala had sent there a prophet about whose name there are different versions. Some say he was Musa Ibn Misha while others say his name ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And how many did We destroy of towns — meaning its inhabitants — that had been wrongdoing disbelieving and brought forth another people after it!
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtue of the Qur'an Here Allah points out the noble status of the Qur'an and urges them to recognize its worth: لَقَدْ أَنزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ كِتَـباً فِيهِ ذِكْرُكُمْ (Indeed, We have sent down for you a Book in which there is Dhikrukum). Ibn `Abbas said: "Honor for you." أَفَلاَ تَعْقِلُونَ (W...

وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَعَادٌ وَثَمُودُ

Wa iny yukazzibooka faqad kazzabat qablahum qawmu Nooinw wa Aadunw wa Samood

And if they deny you, [O Muhammad] - so, before them, did the people of Noah and 'Aad and Thamud deny [their prophets],

اور اگر یہ لوگ تم کو جھٹلاتے ہیں ان سے پہلے نوح کی قوم اور عاد وثمود بھی (اپنے پیغمبروں کو) جھٹلا چکے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Qur’ anic prophecy about the Rightly Guided Caliphs ( خُلفأے راشدین ) and its fulfillment الَّذِينَ إِن مَّكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ (Those who, when We give them power in the land - 22:41) In this verse the word (those) refers to those people who have been mentioned in the preceding verse: الَّذِ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if they deny you — these words to the end of the statement are meant to comfort the Prophet s — the people of Noah denied before them kadhdhabat in the feminine person on the basis of the overall import and ‘Ād the people of Hūd and Thamūd the people of Sālih
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Consequences for the Disbelievers Here Allah consoles His Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for the disbelief of those among his people who opposed him. وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ (And if they deny you, so did deny before them the people of Nuh) until His saying, وَكُذِّبَ مُوس...

وَقَوْمُ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَقَوْمُ لُوطٍ

Wa qawmu Ibraaheema wa qawmu Loot

And the people of Abraham and the people of Lot

اور قوم ابراہیم اور قوم لوط بھی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Qur’ anic prophecy about the Rightly Guided Caliphs ( خُلفأے راشدین ) and its fulfillment الَّذِينَ إِن مَّكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ (Those who, when We give them power in the land - 22:41) In this verse the word (those) refers to those people who have been mentioned in the preceding verse: الَّذِ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: as well as the people of Abraham and the people of Lot
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Consequences for the Disbelievers Here Allah consoles His Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for the disbelief of those among his people who opposed him. وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ (And if they deny you, so did deny before them the people of Nuh) until His saying, وَكُذِّبَ مُوس...

وَأَصْحَٰبُ مَدْيَنَ وَكُذِّبَ مُوسَىٰ فَأَمْلَيْتُ لِلْكَٰفِرِينَ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهُمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

Wa as haabu Madyana wa kuzziba Moosaa fa amlaitu lilkaafireena summa akhaztuhum fakaifa kaana nakeer

And the inhabitants of Madyan. And Moses was denied, so I prolonged enjoyment for the disbelievers; then I seized them, and how [terrible] was My reproach.

اور مدین کے رہنے والے بھی۔ اور موسیٰ بھی تو جھٹلائے جاچکے ہیں لیکن میں کافروں کو مہلت دیتا رہا پھر ان کو پکڑ لیا۔ تو (دیکھ لو) کہ میرا عذاب کیسا (سخت) تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Qur’ anic prophecy about the Rightly Guided Caliphs ( خُلفأے راشدین ) and its fulfillment الَّذِينَ إِن مَّكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ (Those who, when We give them power in the land - 22:41) In this verse the word (those) refers to those people who have been mentioned in the preceding verse: الَّذِ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and the inhabitants of Midian the people of Shu‘ayb and Moses was also denied he was denied by the native Egyptians al-qibt and not by his people the Children of Israel. In other words all of those people denied their messengers so take them these messengers as a good example of constancy. And I gra...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Consequences for the Disbelievers Here Allah consoles His Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for the disbelief of those among his people who opposed him. وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ (And if they deny you, so did deny before them the people of Nuh) until His saying, وَكُذِّبَ مُوس...

فَكَأَيِّن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَٰهَا وَهِىَ ظَالِمَةٌ فَهِىَ خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَىٰ عُرُوشِهَا وَبِئْرٍ مُّعَطَّلَةٍ وَقَصْرٍ مَّشِيدٍ

Faka ayyim min qaryatin ahlaknaahaa wa hiya zaalimatun fahiya khaawiyatun 'alaa 'urooshihaa wa bi'rim mu'at talatinw wa qasrim masheed

And how many a city did We destroy while it was committing wrong - so it is [now] fallen into ruin - and [how many] an abandoned well and [how many] a lofty palace.

اور بہت سی بستیاں ہیں کہ ہم نے ان کو تباہ کر ڈالا کہ وہ نافرمان تھیں۔ سو وہ اپنی چھتوں پر گری پڑی ہیں۔ اور (بہت سے) کنوئیں بےکار اور (بہت سے) محل ویران پڑے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Qur’ anic prophecy about the Rightly Guided Caliphs ( خُلفأے راشدین ) and its fulfillment الَّذِينَ إِن مَّكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ (Those who, when We give them power in the land - 22:41) In this verse the word (those) refers to those people who have been mentioned in the preceding verse: الَّذِ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: How many a town I have destroyed ahlaktuhā a variant reading has ahlaknāhā ‘We have destroyed’ while it was doing wrong that is while its inhabitants were doing wrong by being disbelievers but now it lies fallen down collapsed on its roofs and how many a neglected well abandoned because of the death...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Consequences for the Disbelievers Here Allah consoles His Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for the disbelief of those among his people who opposed him. وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ (And if they deny you, so did deny before them the people of Nuh) until His saying, وَكُذِّبَ مُوس...

وَكَأَيِّن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَمْلَيْتُ لَهَا وَهِىَ ظَالِمَةٌ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهَا وَإِلَىَّ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

Wa ka ayyim min qaryatin amlaitu lahaa wa hiya zaalimatun summa akhaztuhaa wa ilaiyal maseer

And for how many a city did I prolong enjoyment while it was committing wrong. Then I seized it, and to Me is the [final] destination.

اور بہت سی بستیاں ہیں کہ میں ان کو مہلت دیتا رہا اور وہ نافرمان تھیں۔ پھر میں نے ان کو پکڑ لیا۔ اور میری طرف ہی لوٹ کر آنا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: How the Day of Resurrection will be equal to one thousand years by our reckoning In this verseإِنَّ يَوْمًا عِندَ رَ‌بِّكَ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ (22:47) means that one day with your Lord is like one thousand years of what you count. This verse can be interpreted in two ways. The first meaning is that the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: To how many a town did I give respite while it was doing wrong; but then I seized it meaning I seized its inhabitants and with Me lies the journey’s end the final return.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Here Allah consoles His Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for the disbelief of those among his people who opposed him. وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ (And if they deny you, so did deny before them the people of Nuh) until His saying, وَكُذِّبَ مُوسَى (and denied was Musa.) means, despi...

وَلَقَدْ أَنزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ ءَايَٰتٍ مُّبَيِّنَٰتٍ وَمَثَلًا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوْا۟ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَمَوْعِظَةً لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ

Wa laqad anzalnaaa ilaikum Aayaatim mubaiyinaatinw wa masalam minnal lazeena khalaw min qablikum wa maw'izatal lilmuttaqeen

And We have certainly sent down to you distinct verses and examples from those who passed on before you and an admonition for those who fear Allah.

اور ہم نے تمہاری طرف روشن آیتیں نازل کی ہیں اور جو لوگ تم سے پہلے گزر چکے ہیں ان کی خبریں اور پرہیزگاروں کے لئے نصیحت

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The scholars call this verse as the ` Verse of Radiance', because it describes in great detail the radiance of faith and the darkness of disbelief.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We have revealed to you clear verses read mubayyanāt or mubayyināt in this sūra verses in which if read mubayyanāt what is mentioned is already clear or which if read mubayyināt are clarificatory of that which is mentioned and an example a curious tale namely that of ‘Ā’isha of those who ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to marry These clear Ayat include a group of unambiguous rulings and firm commands. وَأَنْكِحُواْ الأَيَـمَى مِنْكُمْ (And marry those among you who are single (Al-Ayama)....) This is a command to marry. The Prophet said: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ، مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْ...

وَقَوْمَ نُوحٍ لَّمَّا كَذَّبُوا۟ ٱلرُّسُلَ أَغْرَقْنَٰهُمْ وَجَعَلْنَٰهُمْ لِلنَّاسِ ءَايَةً وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلظَّٰلِمِينَ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا

Wa qawma Noohil lammaa kazzabur Rusula aghraqnaahum wa ja'alnaahum linnaasi Aayatanw wa a'tadnaa lizzaalimeena 'azaaban aleemaa

And the people of Noah - when they denied the messengers, We drowned them, and We made them for mankind a sign. And We have prepared for the wrongdoers a painful punishment.

اور نوح کی قوم نے بھی جب پیغمبروں کو جھٹلایا تو ہم نے انہیں غرق کر ڈالا اور لوگوں کے لئے نشانی بنا دیا۔ اور ظالموں کے لئے ہم نے دکھ دینے والا عذاب تیار کر رکھا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In the above verses it is mentioned that it had been the common practice of the people through the ages to rebuff the prophets and the message they had brought. In order to give weight to this assertion a few of the well known prophets are mentioned who were rejected by their people and t...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And mention the people of Noah when they denied the messengers in denying Noah — it is as though he were many messengers given the length of time he remained among them; or it is thus expressed in the plural because to deny him is equivalent to denying all the other messengers for they all came with...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Frightening the Idolators of Quraysh Allah threatens the idolators who denied and opposed His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ and He warns them of the punishment and painful torment He sent upon the previous nations who rejected their Messengers. Allah begins by mentioning Musa, upon him be peace, whom He sent...

إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

Inna fee zaalika la Aayaah; wa maa kaana aksaru hu mu'mineen

Indeed in that is a sign, but most of them were not to be believers.

بےشک اس (قصے) میں نشانی ہے۔ لیکن یہ اکثر ایمان لانے والے نہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The reasoning for this he gave إِنَّ مَعِيَ رَ‌بِّي سَيَهْدِينِ (62) "Indeed with me is my Lord. He will guide me." Such are the moments for the test of faith, when Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) was not terror stricken at all, as if he was seeing for himself the way out. Almost the same thing happened...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Surely in that drowning of Pharaoh and his folk there is a sign a lesson for those generations who would come after them; but most of them are not believers in God. The only ones to believe were Āsiya — Pharaoh’s wife — Hizqīl the believing man of Pharaoh’s family and Maryam daughter of Nāmūsī she w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Fir`awn's Pursuit and Expulsion of the Children of Israel, and how He and His People were drowned More than one of the scholars of Tafsir said that Fir`awn set out with a huge group, a group containing the leaders and entire government of Egypt at that time, i.e., the decision-makers and influential...

إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

Inna fee zaalika la Aayah; wa maa kaana aksaruhum mu'mineen

Indeed in that is a sign, but most of them were not to be believers.

بےشک اس میں نشانی ہے۔ اور ان میں اکثر ایمان لانے والے نہیں تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَمْطَرْ‌نَا عَلَيْهِم مَّطَرً‌ا ۖ فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ‌ الْمُنذَرِ‌ينَ and subjected them to a terrible rain. So evil was the rain of those who were warned. - 26:173 This verse has confirmed that if a man commits sodomy, he may be punished with throwing a wall on him or by throwing him down from a high...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Lut's Denunciation of His People's Deeds, Their Response and Their Punishment The Prophet of Allah forbade them from committing evil deeds and intercourse with males, and he taught them that they should have intercourse with their wives whom Allah had created for them. Their response was only to say...

إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

Inna fee zaalika la Aayah; wa maa kaana aksaruhum mu'mineen

Indeed in that is a sign, but most of them were not to be believers.

اس میں یقیناً نشانی ہے۔ اور ان میں اکثر ایمان لانے والے نہیں تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ so they were seized by the torment of the Day of Canopy. - 26:189 عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ (the Torment of the Canopy), mentioned in this verse refers to an incident, which is this: Allah Ta’ ala sent down such an extreme heat on a people that they could not f...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Response of Shu`ayb's People, Their Disbelief in Him and the coming of the Punishment upon Them Allah tells us how his people responded, and how it was like the response of Thamud to their Messenger -- for they were of like mind -- when they said: إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مِنَ الْمُسَحَّرِينَ (You are onl...

وَجَحَدُوا۟ بِهَا وَٱسْتَيْقَنَتْهَآ أَنفُسُهُمْ ظُلْمًا وَعُلُوًّا فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُفْسِدِينَ

Wa jahadoo bihaa wastaiqanat haaa anfusuhum zulmanw-wa 'uluwwaa; fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul mufsideen

And they rejected them, while their [inner] selves were convinced thereof, out of injustice and haughtiness. So see how was the end of the corrupters.

اور بےانصافی اور غرور سے ان سے انکار کیا لیکن ان کے دل ان کو مان چکے تھے۔ سو دیکھ لو فساد کرنے والوں کا انجام کیسا ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: إِلَّا مَن ظَلَمَ ثُمَّ بَدَّلَ حُسْنًا بَعْدَ سُوءٍ فَإِنِّي غَفُورٌ‌ رَّ‌حِيمٌ ﴿11﴾ Except him who did wrong, then after (doing) evil replaced (it) with good, then I am Most-Forgiving, Very-Merciful. 27:11 The miracle of the staff of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) was mentioned in the verse prior to ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And they denied them they did not affirm them though in reality their souls had been convinced in other words though they were certain that these signs were from God wrongfully and arrogantly in defiance of believing in what Moses had brought these two adverbs refer back to the cause of their denial...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Musa and the End of Fir`awn Here Allah tells His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ about what happened to Musa, peace be upon him, how Allah chose him, spoke with him and gave him mighty, dazzling signs and overwhelming proof, and sent him to Fir`awn and his people, but they denied the proof, disbel...

قُلْ سِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ

Qul seeroo fil ardi fanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul mujremeen

Say, [O Muhammad], "Travel through the land and observe how was the end of the criminals."

کہہ دو کہ ملک میں چلو پھرو پھر دیکھو کہ گنہگاروں کا انجام کیا ہوا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: بَلِ ادَّارَ‌كَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَ‌ةِ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهَا ۖ بَلْ هُم مِّنْهَا عَمُونَ ﴿66﴾ Rather, their knowledge failed in the matter of Hereafter. Rather, they are in doubt about it. Rather, they are blind to it. 27:66. There are different recitations for the word اِدّٰرَکَ (iddar...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘Travel in the land and see how was the sequel for the criminals’ because of their denials — and this sequel is that they were destroyed with punishment.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Scepticism about the Resurrection and Its Refutation Allah tells us about the idolators who deny the Resurrection, considering it extremely unlikely that bodies will be re-created after they have become bones and dust. Then He says: لَقَدْ وُعِدْنَا هَـذَا نَحْنُ وَءَابَآؤُنَا مِن قَبْلُ (Indeed we ...

فَأَخَذْنَٰهُ وَجُنُودَهُۥ فَنَبَذْنَٰهُمْ فِى ٱلْيَمِّ فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Fa akhaznaahu wa junoo dahoo fanabaznaahum fil yammi fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatuz zaalimeen

So We took him and his soldiers and threw them into the sea. So see how was the end of the wrongdoers.

تو ہم نے اُن کو اور اُن کے لشکروں کو پکڑلیا اور دریا میں ڈال دیا۔ سو دیکھ لو ظالموں کا کیسا انجام ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary فَأَوْقِدْ لِي يَا هَامَانُ عَلَى الطِّينِ (So kindle for me, 0 Haman, a fire on the clay (to bake bricks) - 28:38). When the Pharaoh planned to build a very tall palace for himself, he asked his minister Haman to get the bricks baked properly first, because half baked bricks could not ta...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So We seized him and his hosts and flung them into the waters the sea and they drowned. So behold how was the sequel for the evildoers when they ended up being destroyed.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Arrogance of Fir`awn and His ultimate Destiny Allah tells us of Fir`awn's disbelief and wrongdoing, and how he falsely claimed divinity for his evil self, may Allah curse him. فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ فَأَطَاعُوهُ (Thus he fooled his people, and they obeyed him.) 43:54 He called on his people to re...

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَرْيَةٍۭ بَطِرَتْ مَعِيشَتَهَا فَتِلْكَ مَسَٰكِنُهُمْ لَمْ تُسْكَن مِّنۢ بَعْدِهِمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا وَكُنَّا نَحْنُ ٱلْوَٰرِثِينَ

Wa kam ahlaknaa min qaryatim batirat ma'eeshatahaa fatilka masaainuhum lam tuskam mim ba'dihim illaa qaleelaa; wa kunnaa Nahnul waariseen

And how many a city have We destroyed that was insolent in its [way of] living, and those are their dwellings which have not been inhabited after them except briefly. And it is We who were the inheritors.

اور ہم نے بہت سی بستیوں کو ہلاک کر ڈالا جو اپنی (فراخی) معیشت میں اترا رہے تھے۔ سو یہ اُن کے مکانات ہیں جو اُن کے بعد آباد ہی نہیں ہوئے مگر بہت کم۔ اور اُن کے پیچھے ہم ہی اُن کے وارث ہوئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The second reply to their excuse is given in the next verse وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَرْ‌يَةٍ بَطِرَ‌تْ مَعِيشَتَهَا (And how many a town have We destroyed that were over-proud of their means of living. - 28:58). In this reply it is stressed that they should recall the plight of other infidel people ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And how many a town We have destroyed whose lifestyle was one of arrogant ungratefulness — by ‘town’ is meant the inhabitants thereof. Those are their dwellings which have not been dwelt in after them except a little by passers-by for a day or part of it. And it was We Who were the sole inheritors a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Destruction of Towns, which are not destroyed until Evidence is established against Them Referring to the people of Makkah, Allah says: وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَرْيَةٍ بَطِرَتْ مَعِيشَتَهَا (And how many a town have We destroyed, which was thankless for its means of livelihood!) They were arroga...

أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُوٓا۟ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً وَأَثَارُوا۟ ٱلْأَرْضَ وَعَمَرُوهَآ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا عَمَرُوهَا وَجَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ فَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ

Awalm yaseeroo fil ardi fa-yanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena min qablihim; kaanooo ashadda minhhum quwwatanw wa asaarul arda wa 'amaroohaaa aksara mimmaa 'amaroohaa wa jaaa'athum Rusuluhum bil baiyinaati famaa kaanal laahu liyazli mahum wa laakin kaanooo anfusahum yazlimoon

Have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? They were greater than them in power, and they plowed the earth and built it up more than they have built it up, and their messengers came to them with clear evidences. And Allah would not ever have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.

کیا اُن لوگوں نے ملک میں سیر نہیں کی (سیر کرتے) تو دیکھ لیتے کہ جو لوگ اُن سے پہلے تھے ان کا انجام کیسے ہوا۔ وہ اُن سے زورو قوت میں کہیں زیادہ تھے اور اُنہوں نے زمین کو جوتا اور اس کو اس سے زیادہ آباد کیا تھا جو اُنہوں نے آباد کیا۔ اور اُن کے پاس اُن کے پیغمبر نشانیاں لےکر آتے رہے تو خدا ایسا نہ تھا کہ اُن پر ظلم کرتا۔ بلکہ وہی اپنے آپ پر ظلم کرتے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُ‌وا فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ (Have they not travelled on earth - 30:9). It means that the Makkans live in a land where there is neither any cultivation and industry nor any tall and beautiful buildings, but for the sake of trade they do travel to Syria and Yemen. So, have they not seen, during...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have they not travelled in the land and beheld how was the consequence for those before them? of past communities which was that they were destroyed for denying their messengers. They were more powerful than them — such were ‘Ād and Thamūd — and they effected the land they tilled it and churned it u...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَـقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُواْ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً (9. cont - and see what was the end of those before them They were superior to them in strength, ) meaning, `the nations of the past who came before you were stronger than you to whom Muhammad ﷺ has been s...

قُلْ سِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلُ كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّشْرِكِينَ

Qul seeroo fil ardi fanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena min qabl; kaana aksaruhum mushrikeen

Say, [O Muhammad], "Travel through the land and observe how was the end of those before. Most of them were associators [of others with Allah].

کہہ دو کہ ملک میں چلو پھرو اور دیکھو کہ جو لوگ (تم سے) پہلے ہوئے ہیں ان کا کیسا انجام ہوا ہے۔ ان میں زیادہ تر مشرک ہی تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary ظَهَرَ‌ الْفَسَادُ فِي الْبَرِّ‌ وَالْبَحْرِ‌ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ (Plight has appeared on land and sea because of what the hands of the people have earned 30:41). The author of Ruh ul-Ma’ ani has explained that the word fasad' (translated in the text as 'plight' ) means all so...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say to the Meccan disbelievers ‘Travel in the land and behold how was the consequence for those who were before; most of them were idolaters’ and so they were destroyed because of their idolatry and their dwellings and habitations lie desolate in ruin.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Effects of Sin in this World Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi and others said: "What is meant by Al-Barr here is the empty land or wilderness, and by Al-Bahr is towns and cities." According to a report narrated from Ibn `Abbas and `Ikrimah, Al-Bahr refers to towns and cities which are o...

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ رُسُلًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِمْ فَجَآءُوهُم بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ فَٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا۟ وَكَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيْنَا نَصْرُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Wa laqad arsalnaa min qablika Rusulan ilaa qawmihim fajaaa'oohum bil baiyinaati fantaqamnaa minal lazeena ajramoo wa kaana haqqan 'alainaa nasrul mu'mineen

And We have already sent messengers before you to their peoples, and they came to them with clear evidences; then We took retribution from those who committed crimes, and incumbent upon Us was support of the believers.

اور ہم نے تم سے پہلے بھی پیغمبر ان کی قوم کی طرف بھیجے تو وہ اُن کے پاس نشانیاں لےکر آئے سو جو لوگ نافرمانی کرتے تھے ہم نے اُن سے بدلہ لےکر چھوڑا اور مومنوں کی مدد ہم پر لازم تھی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary فَانتَقَمْنَا مِنَ الَّذِينَ أَجْرَ‌مُوا وَكَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيْنَا نَصْرُ‌ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (Then We took vengeance upon those who were guilty. And it was due on Us to help the believers. -30:47). This verse tells us that Allah Ta’ ala has taken it upon Himself to help the believers. On the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We sent before you messengers to their people and they brought them clear signs plain proofs of their sincerity concerning their Message to them but they denied them. Then We took vengeance upon those who were guilty We destroyed those who denied them and it was ever incumbent upon Us to ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Among the Signs of Allah are the Winds Here Allah mentions the favor He does for His creatures by sending winds to them, as harbingers of His mercy, meaning that they will be followed by rain. Allah says: وَلِيُذِيقَكُمْ مِّن رَّحْمَتِهِ (giving you a taste of His mercy,) that is, the rain which wil...

أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ ٱلْقُرُونِ يَمْشُونَ فِى مَسَٰكِنِهِمْ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَٰتٍ أَفَلَا يَسْمَعُونَ

Awalam yahdi lahum kam ahlaknaa min qablihim minal qurooni yamshoona fee zaalika la aayaatin afalaa yasma'oon

Has it not become clear to them how many generations We destroyed before them, [as] they walk among their dwellings? Indeed in that are signs; then do they not hear?

کیا اُن کو اس (امر) سے ہدایت نہ ہوئی کہ ہم نے اُن سے پہلے بہت سی اُمتوں کو جن کے مقامات سکونت میں یہ چلتے پھرتے ہیں ہلاک کر دیا۔ بیشک اس میں نشانیاں ہیں۔ تو یہ سنتے کیوں نہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Two conditions for the leader of any people In the next verse (24), it was said: وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِ‌نَا لَمَّا صَبَرُ‌وا ۖ وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ (And We appointed leaders from among them who guided (people) under Our command, when they observed patience, and...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Or is it not an indication for them how many generations communities on account of their disbelief We destroyed before them that is to say has not Our destruction of many generations become clear to the disbelievers of Mecca amid whose dwellings they walk yamshūna is a circumstantial qualifier refer...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Learning the Lessons of the Past Allah says: will these people who deny the Messengers not learn from the nations who came before them, whom Allah destroyed for their rejection of His Messengers and their opposition to what the Messengers brought them of the straight path No trace is left of them wh...

سُنَّةَ ٱللَّهِ فِى ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوْا۟ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ ٱللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا

Sunnatal laahi fil lazeena khalaw min qablu wa lan tajida lisunnatil laahi tabdeelaa

[This is] the established way of Allah with those who passed on before; and you will not find in the way of Allah any change.

جو لوگ پہلے گزر چکے ہیں ان کے بارے میں بھی خدا کی یہی عادت رہی ہے۔ اور تم خدا کی عادت میں تغیر وتبدل نہ پاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: A person who turns an apostate (murtadd) after having embraced Islam is killed in punishment Two mischiefs made by the hypocrites have been mentioned in the cited verse and it has been said that should they fail to abstain from indulging in these any further, the punishment they shall face will be: ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God’s precedent in other words God has made this His precedent in dealing with those who passed away before with regard to the hypocrites of past communities who used to alarm believers with their scaremongery and you will find that there is no changing God’s precedent no changing of it from Him.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command of Hijab Here Allah tells His Messenger to command the believing women -- especially his wives and daughters, because of their position of honor -- to draw their Jilbabs over their bodies, so that they will be distinct in their appearance from the women of the Jahiliyyah and from slave w...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاذَوْا۟ مُوسَىٰ فَبَرَّأَهُ ٱللَّهُ مِمَّا قَالُوا۟ وَكَانَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَجِيهًا

yaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo las takoonoo kalla zeena aazaw Moosaa fa barra ahul laahu mimmmaa qaaloo; wa kaana 'indal laahi wajeehaa

O you who have believed, be not like those who abused Moses; then Allah cleared him of what they said. And he, in the sight of Allah, was distinguished.

مومنو تم ان لوگوں جیسے نہ ہونا جنہوں نے موسیٰ (کو عیب لگا کر) رنج پہنچایا تو خدا نے ان کو بےعیب ثابت کیا۔ اور وہ خدا کے نزدیک آبرو والے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary That causing pain to Allah and His Messenger brings fatal consequences was the subject of the previous verse. The present verse instructs Muslims that they should particularly guard against falling into any stance of hostility to Allah and His Messenger because it causes pain to them. In ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe do not behave towards your Prophet as did those who harmed Moses — when they would say for example ‘The only reason he does not wash with us is that he has an inflammation in his testicles’ — whereat God absolved him of what they alleged when Moses placed his robe on a rock to go t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Fabrications of the Jews against Musa Al-Bukhari recorded in the Book of Hadiths about the Prophets, that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ رَجُلًا حَيِيًّا سِتِّيرًا لَا يُرَى مِنْ جِلْدِهِ شَيْءٌ اسْتِحْيَاءً مِنْهُ، فَآذَاهُ مَنْ آذَ...

وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ مَا يَشْتَهُونَ كَمَا فُعِلَ بِأَشْيَاعِهِم مِّن قَبْلُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ فِى شَكٍّ مُّرِيبٍۭ

Wa heela bainahum wa baina maa yashtahoona kamaa fu'ila bi-ashyaa'ihim min qabl; innahum kaanoo fee shakkim mureeb

And prevention will be placed between them and what they desire, as was done with their kind before. Indeed, they were in disquieting denial.

اور ان میں اور ان کی خواہش کی چیزوں میں پردہ حائل کردیا گیا جیسا کہ پہلے ان کے ہم جنسوں سے کیا گیا وہ بھی الجھن میں ڈالنے والے شک میں پڑے ہوئے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the last verse (54), it was said: وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ مَا يَشْتَهُونَ (And a barrier will be placed between them and that which they desire,) that is, they were not allowed to have it. This description could be true about the Day of Judgment in the sense that these people will be seeking ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And a barrier is set between them and what they crave in the way of faith — in other words their craving to embrace it — just as was done with their counterparts in respect to disbelief formerly in other words before them. Indeed they used to be in grave doubt doubt causing them to have misgivings a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): وَأُخِذُواْ مِن مَّكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ (and they will be seized from a near place.) means, they will not even be given the slightest chance of escape, but they will be seized from the first instant. Al-Hasan Al-Basri said: "When they come forth from their graves." وَقَالُواْ ءَامَنَّا بِهِ (And they will ...

ٱسْتِكْبَارًا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَكْرَ ٱلسَّيِّئِ وَلَا يَحِيقُ ٱلْمَكْرُ ٱلسَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِۦ فَهَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّا سُنَّتَ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ فَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ ٱللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ ٱللَّهِ تَحْوِيلًا

Istakbaaran fil ardi wa makras sayyi'; wa laa yaheequl makrus sayyi'u illaa bi ahlih; fahal yanzuroona illaa sunnatal awwaleen; falan tajida lisunnatil laahi tabdeelanw wa lan tajida lisunnatil laahi tahweela

[Due to] arrogance in the land and plotting of evil; but the evil plot does not encompass except its own people. Then do they await except the way of the former peoples? But you will never find in the way of Allah any change, and you will never find in the way of Allah any alteration.

یعنی (انہوں نے) ملک میں غرور کرنا اور بری چال چلنا (اختیار کیا) اور بری چال کا وبال اس کے چلنے والے ہی پر پڑتا ہے۔ یہ اگلے لوگوں کی روش کے سوا اور کسی چیز کے منتظر نہیں۔ سو تم خدا کی عادت میں ہرگز تبدل نہ پاؤ گے۔ اور خدا کے طریقے میں کبھی تغیر نہ دیکھو گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The word: لَا يَحِيقُ (la yahiq) in verse 43: وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ‌ السَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ (And the evil plot envelops none but its own people ( who make it) carries the sense of: لَا یُحِیطُ (la yuhit: does not surround) or: لَا یُصیبُ (la usib: does not afflict). Thus, it comes...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: acting with disdain in the land against faith istikbāran fī’l-ardi an object denoting reason and devising acts of evil in the way of idolatry and otherwise; and evil schemes will beset surround only their authors namely the one who devises such evil the qualifying of makr ‘scheme’ with the noun al-s...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): They longed for a Warner to come, but when He came, They disbelieved in Him Allah tells us how Quraysh and the Arabs swore by Allah their most binding oath before the Messenger came to them, لَئِن جَآءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ لَّيَكُونُنَّ أَهْدَى مِنْ إِحْدَى الاٍّمَمِ (that if a warner came to them, they wou...

أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ وَكَانُوٓا۟ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُعْجِزَهُۥ مِن شَىْءٍ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَلَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ عَلِيمًا قَدِيرًا

Awalam yaseeroo fil ardi fa yanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena min qblihim wa kaanoo ashadda minhum quwwah; wa maa kaanal laahu liyu'jizahoo min shai'in fis samaawaati wa laa fil ard; innahoo kaana 'Aleeman Qadeeraa

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those before them? And they were greater than them in power. But Allah is not to be caused failure by anything in the heavens or on the earth. Indeed, He is ever Knowing and Competent.

کیا انہوں نے زمین میں کبھی سیر نہیں کی تاکہ دیکھتے کہ جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے ان کا انجام کیا ہوا حالانکہ وہ ان سے قوت میں بہت زیادہ تھے۔ اور خدا ایسا نہیں کہ آسمانوں اور زمین میں کوئی چیز اس کو عاجز کرسکے۔ وہ علم والا (اور) قدرت والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The word: لَا يَحِيقُ (la yahiq) in verse 43: وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ‌ السَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ (And the evil plot envelops none but its own people ( who make it) carries the sense of: لَا یُحِیطُ (la yuhit: does not surround) or: لَا یُصیبُ (la usib: does not afflict). Thus, it comes...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have they not travelled in the land and seen the nature of the consequence for those who were before them — and they were mightier than these in power? but still God destroyed them for their denial of the messengers. And God is not such that anything in the heavens or in the earth can escape Him pre...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Remember the Bad Consequences of disbelieving in the Prophets Allah says: `say, O Muhammad, to these people who disbelieve the Message you have brought: travel in the land and see what was the punishment of those who disbelieved the Messengers, how Allah destroyed them completely, and a similar (end...

يَٰحَسْرَةً عَلَى ٱلْعِبَادِ مَا يَأْتِيهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ

Yaa hasratan 'alal 'ibaad; maa yaateehim mir Rasoolin illaa kaanoo bihee yastahzi 'oon

How regretful for the servants. There did not come to them any messenger except that they used to ridicule him.

بندوں پر افسوس ہے کہ ان کے پاس کوئی پیغمبر نہیں آتا مگر اس سے تمسخر کرتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verses 28 and 29, it was said: وَمَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ مِن بَعْدِهِ مِن جُندٍ مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا كُنَّا مُنزِلِينَ إِن كَانَتْ إِلَّا صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً فَإِذَا هُمْ خَامِدُونَ " (And We did not send down to his people any army from the heavens after him, nor were We (in need ) to se...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Ah the anguish for servants such as these and their like from among those who denied the messengers and were destroyed this word hasra denotes ‘extreme agony’; the vocative here is being used metaphorically in other words ‘It is time for you O anguish so come now!’. Never did a messenger come to the...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Woe to the Disbelievers! `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas commented on the Ayah: يحَسْرَةً عَلَى الْعِبَادِ (Alas for mankind!), this means, woe to mankind! Qatadah said: يحَسْرَةً عَلَى الْعِبَادِ (Alas for mankind!) means, "Alas for mankind, who have neglected the command of Allah." Th...

فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُنذَرِينَ

Fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul munzareen

Then look how was the end of those who were warned -

سو دیکھ لو کہ جن کو متنبہ کیا گیا تھا ان کا انجام کیسا ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: By saying: طَلْعُهَا كَأَنَّهُ رُ‌ءُوسُ الشَّيَاطِينِ (Its fruits are like the heads of the shaitans.- 65), the fruits of zaqqum have been likened to the heads of the satans. Some commentators have translated the word: الشَّيَاطِينِ (ash-shayatin) in this verse as 'serpents' since the fruit of zaqqu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So behold how was the consequence for them who were warned namely the disbelievers in other words the sequel for them was that they ended up in the chastisement;
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَـقِبَةُ الْمُنذَرِينَ إِلاَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ (Then see what was the end of those who were warned. Except the chosen servants of Allah).

وَإِنَّكُمْ لَتَمُرُّونَ عَلَيْهِم مُّصْبِحِينَ

Wa innakum latamurroona 'alaihim musbiheen

And indeed, you pass by them in the morning

اور تم دن کو بھی ان (کی بستیوں) کے پاس سے گزرتے رہتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Mentioned in these verses is the fifth event that relates to Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) . This event has appeared at several places earlier, therefore, no more details are needed. Here, the people of Makkah have been particularly admonished that they passed by the site of Sadum (Sodom) da...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And indeed you pass by them by their remains and the remains of their dwellings during your travels both in the morning that is during the daytime
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Destruction of the People of Lut (Lot) Allah tells us that He sent His servant and Messenger Lut, peace be upon him, to his people, and they denied him, so Allah saved him from among them, him and his family with the exception of his wife, who was destroyed along with her people. Allah destroyed...

كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ

Kazzabal lazeena min qablihim fa ataahumul 'azaabu min haisu laa yash'uroon

Those before them denied, and punishment came upon them from where they did not perceive.

جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے انہوں نے بھی تکذیب کی تھی تو ان پر عذاب ایسی جگہ سے آگیا کہ ان کو خبر ہی نہ تھی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Verse أَفَمَن يَتَّقِي بِوَجْهِهِ (Tell Me about the one who tries to save himself from the worst punishment with his face ...) carries a description of the terrifying scenario of Jahannam. If one faces something hurtful in his mortal life, he tries to fight it off by using his hands and ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those who were before them denied their messengers with regard to the coming of the chastisement; and so the chastisement came on them whence they were not aware in a way that would never have occurred to them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Final Destination of the Disbelievers أَفَمَن يَتَّقِى بِوَجْهِهِ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ (Is he then, who will confront with his face the awful torment on the Day of Resurrection) he will be rebuked and he and the evildoers like him will be told: ذُوقُواْ مَا كُنتُمْ تَكْسِبُونَ (T...

قَدْ قَالَهَا ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَمَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ

Qad qaalahul lazeena min qablihim famaaa aghnaa 'anhum maa kaanoo yaksiboon

Those before them had already said it, but they were not availed by what they used to earn.

جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے وہ بھی یہی کہا کرتے تھے تو جو کچھ وہ کیا کرتے تھے ان کے کچھ بھی کام نہ آیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 47, it was said: وَبَدَا لَهُم مِّنَ اللَّـهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَحْتَسِبُونَ (And there will appear to them from Allah what they have never imagined.) The famous tabi` i, Sufyan Thawri recited this verse and said, 'Ruined are those who did good deeds only to pretend their piety before peo...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Already the same was said by those who were before them of communities such as Korah and those of his people who were content with such a saying. But what they used to earn did not avail them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How Man changes when He is blessed after suffering Harm Allah tells us how man, when he is suffering from harm, prays to Allah, turning to Him in repentance and calling upon Him, but when He makes things easy for him, he transgresses and commits sins. إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُ عَلَى عِلْمٍ (Only because o...

كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَٱلْأَحْزَابُ مِنۢ بَعْدِهِمْ وَهَمَّتْ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍۭ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ وَجَٰدَلُوا۟ بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا۟ بِهِ ٱلْحَقَّ فَأَخَذْتُهُمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ

Kazzabat qablahum qawmu Noohinw wal Ahzaabu mim ba'dihim wa hammat kullu ummatim bi Rasoolihim liyaa khuzoobhu wa jaadaloo bilbaatili liyudhidoo bihil haqqa fa akhaztuhum fakifa kaana 'iqaab

The people of Noah denied before them and the [disbelieving] factions after them, and every nation intended [a plot] for their messenger to seize him, and they disputed by [using] falsehood to [attempt to] invalidate thereby the truth. So I seized them, and how [terrible] was My penalty.

ان سے پہلے نوح کی قوم اور ان کے بعد اور اُمتوں نے بھی (پیغمبروں کی) تکذیب کی۔ اور ہر اُمت نے اپنے پیغمبر کے بارے میں یہی قصد کیا کہ اس کو پکڑ لیں اور بیہودہ (شہبات سے) جھگڑتے رہے کہ اس سے حق کو زائل کردیں تو میں نے ان کو پکڑ لیا (سو دیکھ لو) میرا عذاب کیسا ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 4, it was said: مَا يُجَادِلُ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّـهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُ‌وا (No one quarrels about the verses of Allah, except those who disbelieve.). This verse declares quarreling in the matter of the Qur'an an act of kufr (disbelief). And the Holy Prophet ﷺ has said: اِنَّ جِدَالأ فِی ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The people of Noah denied before them and also the factions such as ‘Ād Thamūd and others who came after them. And every community sought to seize their messenger to slay him and they argued falsely thinking to rebut to eliminate thereby the truth. Then I seized them with punishment; so how fitting ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): One of the Attributes of the Disbelievers is That they dispute theAyat of Allah -- and The Consequences of that Allah tells us that noone rejects or disputes His signs after clear proof has come, إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ (but those who disbelieve), i.e., those who reject the signs of Allah and His...

أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُوا۟ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُوا۟ هُمْ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً وَءَاثَارًا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَاقٍ

Awalam yaseeroo fil ardi fa yanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena kaanoo min qablihim; kaanoo hum ashadda minhum quwwatanw wa aasaaran fil ardi fa akhazahumul laahu bizunoobihim wa maa kaana lahum minal laahi minw waaq

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those who were before them? They were greater than them in strength and in impression on the land, but Allah seized them for their sins. And they had not from Allah any protector.

کیا انہوں نے زمین میں سیر نہیں کی تاکہ دیکھ لیتے کہ جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے ان کا انجام کیسا ہوا۔ وہ ان سے زور اور زمین میں نشانات (بنانے) کے لحاظ سے کہیں بڑھ کر تھے تو خدا نے ان کو ان کے گناہوں کے سبب پکڑ لیا۔ اور ان کو خدا (کے عذاب) سے کوئی بھی بچانے والا نہ تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 19, it was said: يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ (He knows the treachery of the eyes), in other words, eyes that betray the trust. It means the action of a person who would, secretly and surreptitiously, cast a glance over something haram and impermissible for him or her, for example, casts ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have they not travelled in the land and beheld the nature of the consequence for those who were before them? They were more powerful than them a variant reading has minkum ‘than yourselves’ in strength and in their vestiges on earth in the way of large structures and palaces. Yet God seized them He ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Severe Punishment for the Disbelievers أَوَلَمْ يَسيرُواْ (Have they not traveled), `these people who disbelieve in your Message, O Muhammad,' فِى الاٌّرْضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَـقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ كَانُواْ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ (in the land and seen what was the end of those who were before them)...

كَذَٰلِكَ يُؤْفَكُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ يَجْحَدُونَ

Kazaalika yu'fakul loazeena kaanoo bi Aayaatil laahi yajhadoon

Thus were those [before you] deluded who were rejecting the signs of Allah.

اسی طرح وہ لوگ بھٹک رہے تھے جو خدا کی آیتوں سے انکار کرتے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In the verses cited above, after having presented a few manifestations of Allah's blessings and His perfect power, an invitation to belief in the Oneness of Allah has been extended. In the first verse (61), it was said: جَعَلَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ لِتَسْكُنُوا فِيهِ وَالنَّهَارَ‌ مُبْصِرً‌ا (...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So deviate that is in the same way that these Meccans deviate deviate those who used to deny the signs of God His miracles.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Signs of the Power and Oneness of Allah Allah reminds us of His grace towards His creation in that He has given them the night in which they rest and relax from their activities so that they can go back to them for their livelihood during the day. He has given them the day with its light, so that th...

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِّن قَبْلِكَ مِنْهُم مَّن قَصَصْنَا عَلَيْكَ وَمِنْهُم مَّن لَّمْ نَقْصُصْ عَلَيْكَ وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَن يَأْتِىَ بِـَٔايَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ فَإِذَا جَآءَ أَمْرُ ٱللَّهِ قُضِىَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَخَسِرَ هُنَالِكَ ٱلْمُبْطِلُونَ

Wa laqad arsalnaa Rusulam min qablika minhum man qasasnaa 'alaika wa minhum mal lam naqsus 'alaik; wa maa kaana li Rasoolin any yaatiya bi Aayatin illaa bi iznil laah; fa izaa jaaa'a amrul laahi qudiya bilhaqqi wa khasira hunaalikal mubtiloon

And We have already sent messengers before you. Among them are those [whose stories] We have related to you, and among them are those [whose stories] We have not related to you. And it was not for any messenger to bring a sign [or verse] except by permission of Allah. So when the command of Allah comes, it will be concluded in truth, and the falsifiers will thereupon lose [all].

اور ہم نے تم سے پہلے (بہت سے) پیغمبر بھیجے۔ ان میں کچھ تو ایسے ہیں جن کے حالات تم سے بیان کر دیئے ہیں اور کچھ ایسے ہیں جن کے حالات بیان نہیں کئے۔ اور کسی پیغمبر کا مقدور نہ تھا کہ خدا کے حکم کے سوا کوئی نشانی لائے۔ پھر جب خدا کا حکم آپہنچا تو انصاف کے ساتھ فیصلہ کردیا گیا اور اہل باطل نقصان میں پڑ گئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 77, it was said: فَاصْبِرْ‌ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّـهِ حَقٌّ فَإِمَّا نُرِ‌يَنَّكَ (Therefore, be patient. Surely, the promise of Allah is true. Then, whether We show you [ in your life ] a part of the promise We are making to them, or make you die [ before they are punished ], in any case they ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We sent messengers before you. Of them are those whom We have recounted to you and of them are those whom We have not recounted to you it is reported that God exalted be He sent 8000 prophets 4000 prophets sent from among the Children of Israel and the other 4000 from among the remainder ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to be Patient and Good News of Victory Here Allah commands His Messenger to patiently bear the rejection of those who rejected him: `Allah will fulfill His promise to you that you will be victorious and will prevail over your people, and you and those who follow you, will be the successf...

أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُوٓا۟ أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ قُوَّةً وَءَاثَارًا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَمَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ

Afalam yaseeroo fil ardi fa yanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena min qablihim; kaanoo aksara minhum wa ashadda quwwatanw wa aasaaran fil ardi famaaa aghnaa 'anhum maa kaanoo yaksiboon

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those before them? They were more numerous than themselves and greater in strength and in impression on the land, but they were not availed by what they used to earn.

کیا ان لوگوں نے زمین میں سیر نہیں کی تاکہ دیکھتے جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے ان کا انجام کیسا ہوا۔ (حالانکہ) وہ ان سے کہیں زیادہ طاقتور اور زمین میں نشانات (بنانے) کے اعتبار سے بہت بڑھ کر تھے۔ تو جو کچھ وہ کرتے تھے وہ ان کے کچھ کام نہ آیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 77, it was said: فَاصْبِرْ‌ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّـهِ حَقٌّ فَإِمَّا نُرِ‌يَنَّكَ (Therefore, be patient. Surely, the promise of Allah is true. Then, whether We show you [ in your life ] a part of the promise We are making to them, or make you die [ before they are punished ], in any case they ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have they not travelled across the land to see the nature of the consequence for those before them? They were more powerful than them in might and in their vestiges on earth in the way of large structures and palaces. But what they used to earn did not avail them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Lesson to be learned from what happened to Those Who Came before Allah tells us about the nations who rejected their Messengers in ancient times. He mentioned the severe punishment they suffered despite their great strength, He mentioned the traces which they left behind in the earth and the gre...

وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى ٱلْكِتَٰبَ فَٱخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِى شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ

Wa laqad aatainaa Moosal Kitaaba fakhtulifa fee; wa lawlaa Kalimatun sabaqat mir Rabbika laqudiya bainahum; wa innahum lafee shakkim minhu mureeb

And We had already given Moses the Scripture, but it came under disagreement. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed they are, concerning the Qur'an, in disquieting doubt.

اور ہم نے موسیٰ کو کتاب دی تو اس میں اختلاف کیا گیا۔ اور اگر تمہارے پروردگار کی طرف سے ایک بات پہلے نہ ٹھہر چکی ہوتی تو ان میں فیصلہ کردیا جاتا۔ اور یہ اس (قرآن) سے شک میں الجھ رہے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: أَأَعْجَمِيٌّ وَعَرَ‌بِيٌّ (Is it a non- Arabic [ book ] and an Arab [ messenger ]? - 44) The original word used for non-Arabic in the text is a'jamiyy (with hamza before the letter 'ain) which is an Arabic term for ` ineloquent speech', while ` ajam' (without hamzah in its beginning) means any nati...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We gave Moses the Scripture the Torah but differences arose concerning it in terms of some affirming the truth of it and others denying it as with the Qur’ān; and were it not for a Word that had already preceded from your Lord to defer the reckoning and requital of creatures until the Day...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Rejection of the Qur'an is pure Stubbornness Allah tells us that the Qur'an is so eloquent and perfect in its wording and meanings, yet despite that the idolators do not believe in it. He tells us that their disbelief is the disbelief of stubbornness, as He says elsewhere: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَـهُ عَلَى ...

فَجَعَلْنَٰهُمْ سَلَفًا وَمَثَلًا لِّلْـَٔاخِرِينَ

Faja'alnaahum salafanw wa masalal lil aakhireen

And We made them a precedent and an example for the later peoples.

اور ان کو گئے گزرے کردیا اور پچھلوں کے لئے عبرت بنا دیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فَلَمَّا آسَفُونَا (So, when they provoked our anger, - 43:55). Since Allah Almighty is pure of the states of anger and sorrow, the meaning is that their behavior caused Us to decide that they should be punished. (Ruh-ul-Ma’ ani)
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We made them a thing past salaf is the plural of sālif similar in pattern to khādim khadam that is to say a precedent as a lesson and an example for others after them that they posterity might take their predicament as a lesson and so not engage in actions similar to theirs.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Fir`awn's Address to His People and how Allah punished Him Allah tells us how Fir`awn stubbornly persisted in his rebellion and disbelief. He assembled his people and addressed them in a vainglorious fashion, boasting of his dominion over Egypt. أَلَيْسَ لِى مُلْكُ مِصْرَ وَهَـذِهِ الاٌّنْهَـرُ تَجْ...

وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَجَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ كَرِيمٌ

Wa laqad fatannaa qablahum qawma Fir'awna wa jaaa'ahum Rasoolun kareem

And We had already tried before them the people of Pharaoh, and there came to them a noble messenger,

اور ان سے پہلے ہم نے قوم فرعون کی آزمائش کی اور ان کے پاس ایک عالی قدر پیغمبر آئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary دُخَانٍ مُّبِينٍ...visible smoke" in verse (10) embodies a prophecy and the Prophet ﷺ was asked to watch for the Day when the sky will bring forth a manifest smoke covering the people. There are three opinions recorded about this from the Companions and their pupils. The first view is tha...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And certainly We tried We tested before them the people of Pharaoh together with him when a messenger came to them namely Moses peace be upon him who was honoured before God exalted be He
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Musa and Fir`awn, and how the Children of Israel were saved Allah tells us, `before these idolators, We tested the people of Fir`awn, the copts of Egypt.' وَجَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ كَرِيمٌ (when there came to them a noble Messenger.) means, Musa, peace be upon him, the one to whom Allah spoke...

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقَوْلُ فِىٓ أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ وَٱلْإِنسِ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ خَٰسِرِينَ

Ulaaa'ikal lazeena haqqa 'alaihimul qawlu feee umamin qad khalat min qablihim minal jinni wal insi innahum kaanoo khaasireen

Those are the ones upon whom the word has come into effect, [who will be] among nations which had passed on before them of jinn and men. Indeed, they [all] were losers.

یہی وہ لوگ ہیں جن کے بارے میں جنوں اور انسانوں کی (دوسری) اُمتوں میں سے جو ان سے پہلے گزر چکیں عذاب کا وعدہ متحقق ہوگیا۔ بےشک وہ نقصان اٹھانے والے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَالَّذِي قَالَ لِوَالِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَا (And, [ contrary to this is the case on the one who said to his parents, 'Fie upon you both!' - 46:17). The previous verse has laid down the order to serve and obey the parents; this verse announces punishment for one who maltreats his parents and is impe...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Such are the ones against whom the Word of chastisement is due is necessary concerning communities of jinn and humans that have passed away before them. Truly they are losers.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Mention of the Undutiful Children and Their End In the previous Ayat, Allah mentions the dutiful offspring who supplicate for their parents and treat them with kindness. He describes the success and salvation He has prepared for them. Here He connects to that discussion the situation of the wretched...

أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا۟ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ دَمَّرَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلِلْكَٰفِرِينَ أَمْثَٰلُهَا

Afalam yaseeroo fil ardi fayanzuroo kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul lazeena min qablihim; dammaral laahu 'alaihim wa lilkaafireena amsaaluhaa

Have they not traveled through the land and seen how was the end of those before them? Allah destroyed [everything] over them, and for the disbelievers is something comparable.

کیا انہوں نے ملک میں سیر نہیں کی تاکہ دیکھتے کہ جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے ان کا انجام کیسا ہوا؟ خدا نے ان پر تباہی ڈال دی۔ اور اسی طرح کا (عذاب) ان کافروں کو ہوگا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَلِلْكَافِرِ‌ينَ أَمْثَالُهَا (And [ ready ] for [ these ] disbelievers are the likes thereof. - 47:10). Grammatically, the article "alif lam" in al-kafirina" in this context is used to indicate some specific disbelievers, and refers to the infidels of Makkah. The purpose of this sentence is to war...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have they not travelled in the land to see the nature of the consequence for those who were before them? God destroyed them — He destroyed them their children and their possessions; and a fate the like thereof will be for the disbelievers that is to say the like of the fate of those before them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Admonition and Fire for the Disbelievers; Paradise for Those Who have Taqwa Allah says, أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُواْ (Have they not traveled) meaning, those who associate partners with Allah and deny His Messenger . فِى الاٌّرْضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَـقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ دَمَّرَ اللَّهُ عَ...

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هُمْ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُم بَطْشًا فَنَقَّبُوا۟ فِى ٱلْبِلَٰدِ هَلْ مِن مَّحِيصٍ

Wa kam ahlaknaa qablahum min qarnin hum ashaddu minhum batshan fanaqqaboo fil bilaad, hal mim mahees

And how many a generation before them did We destroy who were greater than them in [striking] power and had explored throughout the lands. Is there any place of escape?

اور ہم نے ان سے پہلے کئی اُمتیں ہلاک کر ڈالیں۔ وہ ان سے قوت میں کہیں بڑھ کر تھے وہ شہروں میں گشت کرنے لگے۔ کیا کہیں بھاگنے کی جگہ ہے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Warning the Disbelievers of the imminent Torment In the concluding sentence of verse [ 36] نَقَّبُوا فِي الْبِلَادِ هَلْ مِن مَّحِيصٍ (and they searched out the cities: Was there any place to escape?), the verb نَقَّبُوا naqqabu is derived from the infinitive tanqib which literally means to make a h...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And how many a generation We destroyed before them that is before the disbelievers of Quraysh We destroyed many generations of disbelievers who were mightier than these in prowess and who then searched throughout the land wondering is there any escape? for them and others from death but they found n...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Warning the Disbelievers of the imminent Torment; commanding the Prophet to pray and have Patience Allah the Exalted asks, `how many We have destroyed before these denying disbelievers' مِّن قَرْنٍ هُمْ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُم بَطْشاً (a generation who were stronger in power than they.) they were more numer...

وَتَرَكْنَا فِيهَآ ءَايَةً لِّلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ ٱلْعَذَابَ ٱلْأَلِيمَ

Wa taraknaa feehaaa aayatal lillazeena yakhaafoonal 'azaabal aleem

And We left therein a sign for those who fear the painful punishment.

اور جو لوگ عذاب الیم سے ڈرتے ہیں ان کے لئے وہاں نشانی چھوڑ دی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Small pebbles of baked clay would be sent down upon them: مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَ‌بِّكَ "marked, with your Lord, for the transgressors."... 51:34), that is, pebbles conspicuously marked by Allah. Some scholars say that each stone bore the name of the person with which he was to be destroyed, and if he...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We left therein after destroying the disbelievers a sign an indication of their destruction for those who fear the painful chastisement so that they may not do what these sinners did.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Angels were sent to destroy the People of the Prophet Lut Allah the Exalted said about Ibrahim, peace be upon him, فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ عَنْ إِبْرَهِيمَ الرَّوْعُ وَجَآءَتْهُ الْبُشْرَى يُجَـدِلُنَا فِى قَوْمِ لُوطٍ - إِنَّ إِبْرَهِيمَ لَحَلِيمٌ أَوَّاهٌ مُّنِيبٌ - يإِبْرَهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَـذَآ إ...

فَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ ذَنُوبًا مِّثْلَ ذَنُوبِ أَصْحَٰبِهِمْ فَلَا يَسْتَعْجِلُونِ

Fa inna lillazeena zalamoo zanoobam misla zanoobi ashaabihim falaa yasta'jiloon

And indeed, for those who have wronged is a portion [of punishment] like the portion of their predecessors, so let them not impatiently urge Me.

کچھ شک نہیں کہ ان ظالموں کے لئے بھی (عذاب کی) نوبت مقرر ہے جس طرح ان کے ساتھیوں کی نوبت تھی تو ان کو مجھ سے (عذاب) جلدی نہیں طلب کرنا چاہیئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The word ذُنُوب dhanub in verse 59 is with lath on the letter [ dh ] which means a large bucket that is kept at the common wells of a locality for the purpose of drawing and filling water. A turn is designated for each of the persons using the large common bucket to draw out water from the well, so ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And for those who have wronged their souls through disbelief from among the people of Mecca and others there will assuredly be a lot a share of chastisement like the lot the share of their counterparts who perished before them. So let them not ask Me to hasten on the chastisement should I give them ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All Messengers met the Same Type of Denial from Their Nations Allah comforts His Prophet by saying to Him, `just as these idolators denied you, the disbelievers of old used the same words with their Messengers,' كَذَلِكَ مَآ أَتَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ قَالُواْ سَـحِرٌ أَوْ م...

وَأَنَّهُۥٓ أَهْلَكَ عَادًا ٱلْأُولَىٰ

Wa annahooo ahlak a 'Aadanil oolaa

And that He destroyed the first [people of] 'Aad

اور یہ کہ اسی نے عاد اول کو ہلاک کر ڈالا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَ عَادًا الْأُولَىٰ وَثَمُودَ فَمَا أَبْقَىٰ (and that He has destroyed the earlier ` Ad, and Thamud, so spared none,...53:50-51) The people of ` Ad were among the strongest, fiercest people and the most rebellious against Allah. There are two branches of this people: one of them is...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and that He destroyed former ‘Ād ‘Ādan al-ūlā a variant reading elides the nunation with the following lām sc. ‘Āda’l-ūlā; this former one refers to the people of ‘Ād while the second ‘Ād is that of the people of Sālih
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Some Attributes of the Lord, that He returns Man as He originated Him, and some of what He does with His Servants Allah the Exalted said, وَأَنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الْمُنتَهَى (And that to your Lord is the End.) meaning, the return of everything on the Day of Resurrection. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `A...

وَقَوْمَ نُوحٍ مِّن قَبْلُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ هُمْ أَظْلَمَ وَأَطْغَىٰ

Wa qawma Noohim min qablu innahum kaanoo hum azlama wa atghaa

And the people of Noah before. Indeed, it was they who were [even] more unjust and oppressing.

اور ان سے پہلے قوم نوحؑ کو بھی۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ وہ لوگ بڑے ہی ظالم اور بڑے ہی سرکش تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَ عَادًا الْأُولَىٰ وَثَمُودَ فَمَا أَبْقَىٰ (and that He has destroyed the earlier ` Ad, and Thamud, so spared none,...53:50-51) The people of ` Ad were among the strongest, fiercest people and the most rebellious against Allah. There are two branches of this people: one of them is...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and the people of Noah before that that is to say before ‘Ād and Thamūd We also destroyed them; indeed they were more unjust and more insolent than ‘Ād and Thamūd because of the long time that Noah remained among them and he remained among them a thousand-less-fifty years Q. 2914 for they despite th...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Some Attributes of the Lord, that He returns Man as He originated Him, and some of what He does with His Servants Allah the Exalted said, وَأَنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الْمُنتَهَى (And that to your Lord is the End.) meaning, the return of everything on the Day of Resurrection. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `A...

وَلَقَدْ جَآءَهُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَنۢبَآءِ مَا فِيهِ مُزْدَجَرٌ

Wa laqad jaaa'ahum minal ambaaa'i maa feehi muzdajar

And there has already come to them of information that in which there is deterrence -

اور ان کو ایسے حالات (سابقین) پہنچ چکے ہیں جن میں عبرت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَكُلُّ أَمْرٍ‌ مُّسْتَقِرٌّ‌ (...while every matter has to be settled....54:3). The literal meaning of the word istiqrar is to settle. The verse means that everything must ultimately reach its end and the matter must become clear. If a veil is fabricated and cast over the truth or reality, eventual...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily there has come to them such tidings stories about the destruction of communities which denied their messengers as contain a deterrent to them muzdajar is a verbal noun or a noun of place; the dāl of muzdajar replaces the tā’ of the 8th form ifta‘ala; one may say izdajartuhu or zajartuhu t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah The Hadith of Abu Waqid preceded, in which it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would recite Surah Qaf (chapter 53) and Iqtarabat As-Sa`ah (Al-Qamar, chapter 54), during (the `Id Prayers of) Al-Adha and Al-Fitr. The Prophet used to recite these two Surahs during...

هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَخْرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلْحَشْرِ مَا ظَنَنتُمْ أَن يَخْرُجُوا۟ وَظَنُّوٓا۟ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَحْتَسِبُوا۟ وَقَذَفَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعْبَ يُخْرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَيْدِى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَٱعْتَبِرُوا۟ يَٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَبْصَٰرِ

Huwal lazeee akharajal lazeena kafaroo min ahlil kitaabi min diyaarihim li awwalil Hashr; maa zanantum any yakhrujoo wa zannooo annahum maa ni'atuhum husoonuhum minal laahi faataahumul laahu min haisu lam yahtasiboo wa qazafa fee quloobihimur ru'ba yukhriboona bu yootahum bi aydeehim wa aydil mu'mineena fa'tabiroo yaaa ulil absaar

It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allah; but [the decree of] Allah came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.

وہی تو ہے جس نے کفار اہل کتاب کو حشر اول کے وقت ان کے گھروں سے نکال دیا۔ تمہارے خیال میں بھی نہ تھا کہ وہ نکل جائیں گے اور وہ لوگ یہ سمجھے ہوئے تھے کہ ان کے قلعے ان کو خدا (کے عذاب) سے بچا لیں گے۔ مگر خدا نے ان کو وہاں سے آ لیا جہاں سے ان کو گمان بھی نہ تھا۔ اور ان کے دلوں میں دہشت ڈال دی کہ اپنے گھروں کو خود اپنے ہاتھوں اور مومنوں کے ہاتھوں سے اُجاڑنے لگے تو اے (بصیرت کی) آنکھیں رکھنے والو عبرت پکڑو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: (1) The original word used in the text is 'hashr' which means 'gathering' or 'mustering' and after which this Surah is named. In the present context, it may be interpreted in two different ways. One, that it refers to the gathering of the Muslims who ordered the Jews to leave Madinah due to their co...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: It is He Who expelled those who disbelieved of the People of the Scripture namely the Jews of the Banū al-Nadīr from their homelands from their dwellings at Medina at the first exile that is their exile to Syria the last exile being their banishment to Khaybar by ‘Umar during his caliphate. You did ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Al-Madinah Ibn `Abbas used to call this chapter, `Surah Bani An-Nadir.' Sa`id bin Mansur recorded that Sa`id bin Jubayr said, "I asked Ibn `Abbas about Surat Al-Hashr and he said, `It was revealed about Bani An-Nadir."' Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded it using another chain of n...

كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِيبًا ذَاقُوا۟ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

Kamasalil lazeena min qablihim qareeban zaaqoo wabaala amrihim wa lahum 'azaabun aleem

[Theirs is] like the example of those shortly before them: they tasted the bad consequence of their affair, and they will have a painful punishment.

ان کا حال ان لوگوں کا سا ہے جو ان سے کچھ ہی پیشتر اپنے کاموں کی سزا کا مزہ چکھ چکے ہیں۔ اور (ابھی) ان کے لئے دکھ دینے والا عذاب (تیار) ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary كَمَثَلِ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِ‌يبًا (...like those who were before them in near past ....59:15) This refers to the case of Banu Nadir, and Mujahid (رح) says that the phrase الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِ‌يبًا "those who were before them in near past " refers to the Quraish of Makka...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: their likeness in relinquishing faith is as the likeness of those who recently before them a short time before — these being the idolaters from among those who fought at Badr — tasted the evil consequences of their conduct the punishment for it in this world by being killed or otherwise. And for the...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The False Promise of Support the Hypocrites gave to the Jews Allah states that the hypocrites, `Abdullah bin Ubayy and his like, sent a messenger to Bani An-Nadir promising them help. Allah the Exalted said, أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ نَـفَقُواْ يَقُولُونَ لإِخْوَانِهِمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنْ أَ...

أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ نَبَؤُا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِن قَبْلُ فَذَاقُوا۟ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

Alam yaatikum naba'ul lazeena kafaroo min qablu fazaaqoo wabaala amrihim wa lahum 'azaabun aleem

Has there not come to you the news of those who disbelieved before? So they tasted the bad consequence of their affair, and they will have a painful punishment.

کیا تم کو ان لوگوں کے حال کی خبر نہیں پہنچی جو پہلے کافر ہوئے تھے تو انہوں نے اپنے کاموں کی سزا کا مزہ چکھ لیا اور (ابھی) دکھ دینے والا عذاب (اور) ہونا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَصَوَّرَ‌كُمْ فَأَحْسَنَ صُوَرَ‌كُمْ (…and shaped your figures, and made your figures good…64:3). Shaping the figures of the creatures is one of the exclusive attributes of Allah, that is why Al-Musawwiru [ the shaper ] is one of His attributive names. If we analyze or look carefully into the unive...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Has there not come to you O disbelievers of Mecca the tidings the story of those who disbelieved before and thus tasted the evil consequences of their conduct? they tasted the punishment for disbelief in this world. And there will be for them in the Hereafter a painful chastisement?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): A Warning delivered through mentioning the End of the Disbelieving Nations Informing about the past nations and the torment and disciplinary lessons that they suffered because of opposing the Messengers and denying the truth. Allah says; أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ نَبَؤُاْ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَبْلُ (Has...

وَكَأَيِّن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ عَتَتْ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهَا وَرُسُلِهِۦ فَحَاسَبْنَٰهَا حِسَابًا شَدِيدًا وَعَذَّبْنَٰهَا عَذَابًا نُّكْرًا

Wa ka ayyim min qaryatin 'atat 'an amri Rabbihaa wa Rusulihee fahaasabnaahaa hisaaban shadeedanw wa 'azzabnaahaa 'azaaban nukraa

And how many a city was insolent toward the command of its Lord and His messengers, so We took it to severe account and punished it with a terrible punishment.

اور بہت سی بستیوں (کے رہنے والوں) نے اپنے پروردگار اور اس کے پیغمبروں کے احکام سے سرکشی کی تو ہم نے ان کو سخت حساب میں پکڑ لیا اور ان پر (ایسا) عذاب نازل کیا جو نہ دیکھا تھا نہ سنا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary فَحَاسَبْنَاهَا حِسَابًا شَدِيدًا وَعَذَّبْنَاهَا عَذَابًا نُّكْرً‌ا (so We called them to a severe account, and punished them with an evil punishment...65:8). The severe account and evil punishment of nations mentioned in this verse refers to what will happen in the Hereafter. However, t...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And how many ka’ayyin the kāf is the genitive prepositional particle which has been added to ayy ‘which’ to give the meaning of kam ‘how many’ a town — that is to say many a town meaning its inhabitants disobeyed the command of its Lord and His messengers then We called it in the Hereafter — even if...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Punishment for defying Allah's Commandments Allah the Exalted threatens those who defy His commands, deny His Messengers and contradict His legislation, by informing them of the end that earlier nations met who did the same, وَكَأِيِّن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ عَتَتْ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهَا وَرُسُلِهِ (And many a...

ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلًا لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ ٱمْرَأَتَ نُوحٍ وَٱمْرَأَتَ لُوطٍ كَانَتَا تَحْتَ عَبْدَيْنِ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا صَٰلِحَيْنِ فَخَانَتَاهُمَا فَلَمْ يُغْنِيَا عَنْهُمَا مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيْـًٔا وَقِيلَ ٱدْخُلَا ٱلنَّارَ مَعَ ٱلدَّٰخِلِينَ

Darabal laahu masalal lillazeena kafarum ra ata Noobinw wamra ata Loot, kaanataa tahta 'abdaini min 'ibaadinaa saalihaini fakhaanataahumaa falam yughniyaa 'anhumaa minal laahi shai anw-wa qeelad khulan naara ma'ad Daakhileen

Allah presents an example of those who disbelieved: the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot. They were under two of Our righteous servants but betrayed them, so those prophets did not avail them from Allah at all, and it was said, "Enter the Fire with those who enter."

خدا نے کافروں کے لئے نوحؑ کی بیوی اور لوطؑ کی بیوی کی مثال بیان فرمائی ہے۔ دونوں ہمارے دو نیک بندوں کے گھر میں تھیں اور دونوں نے ان کی خیانت کی تو وہ خدا کے مقابلے میں اور ان عورتوں کے کچھ بھی کام نہ آئے اور ان کو حکم دیا گیا کہ اور داخل ہونے والوں کے ساتھ تم بھی دوزخ میں داخل ہو جاؤ

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: ضَرَ‌بَ اللَّـهُ مَثَلًا لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُ‌وا امْرَ‌أَتَ نُوحٍ ( Allah has cited for the disbelievers the example of the wife of Nuh (علیہ السلام) and the wife of Lut (علیہ السلام) ...66:10). Towards the end of this Surah, Allah has set forth examples of four women. The first example comprises two ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God has struck a similitude for those who disbelieve the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot. They were under two of Our righteous servants yet they betrayed them in their religion for they both disbelieved — Noah’s wife called Wāhila used to say to his people that he was a madman while Lot’s wife call...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command for Jihad against the Disbelievers and the Hypocrites Allah the Exalted orders His Messenger to perform Jihad against the disbelievers and hypocrites, the former with weapons and armaments and the later by establishing Allah's legislated penal code, وَاغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ (and be severe ag...

وَلَقَدْ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

Wa laqad kazzabal lazeena min qablihim fakaifa kaana nakeer

And already had those before them denied, and how [terrible] was My reproach.

اور جو لوگ ان سے پہلے تھے انہوں نے بھی جھٹلایا تھا سو (دیکھ لو کہ) میرا کیسا عذاب ہوا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: أَمْ أَمِنتُم مَّن فِي السَّمَاءِ أَن يُرْ‌سِلَ عَلَيْكُمْ حَاصِبًا ۖ فَسَتَعْلَمُونَ كَيْفَ نَذِيرِ‌ (Or, have you become fearless of Him who is in the sky if He looses a violent wind with stones against you? So, you will soon come to know how was My warning! - 67:17). In other words, they at the m...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily those communities who were before them denied then see how was My rebuttal! how was My rebuttal of them in destroying them when they denied in other words how it was true.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How can You feel Secure against the Punishment of Allah while He is Able to seize You however He wil This is another indication of His gentleness and His mercy with His creatures. He is able to punish them because some of them disbelieve in Him and worship others besides Him, yet He is forbearing, H...

فَهَلْ تَرَىٰ لَهُم مِّنۢ بَاقِيَةٍ

Fahal taraa lahum mim baaqiyah

Then do you see of them any remains?

بھلا تو ان میں سے کسی کو بھی باقی دیکھتا ہے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ (seven nights and eight consecutive days'... 69:7). According to some of the narratives, the punishment of windstorm started on Wednesday morning, and lasted till the following Wednesday evening. In this way, it makes up eight days and seven nights. The word hus...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So do you see any remnant of them? min bāqiyatin this is either the adjectival qualification of an implicit nafs ‘soul’ or the final suffixed tā’ is for hyperbole in other words understand it as fa-hal tarā lahum min bāqin ‘any one remaining?’ No!.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Warning concerning the Greatness of the Day of Judgement Al-Haqqah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, because during it the promise and the threat will inevitably...

لِنَجْعَلَهَا لَكُمْ تَذْكِرَةً وَتَعِيَهَآ أُذُنٌ وَٰعِيَةٌ

Linaj'alahaa lakum tazki ratanw-wa ta'iyahaa unzununw waa'iyah

That We might make it for you a reminder and [that] a conscious ear would be conscious of it.

تاکہ اس کو تمہارے لئے یادگار بنائیں اور یاد رکھنے والے کان اسے یاد رکھیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ (seven nights and eight consecutive days'... 69:7). According to some of the narratives, the punishment of windstorm started on Wednesday morning, and lasted till the following Wednesday evening. In this way, it makes up eight days and seven nights. The word hus...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: so that We might make it namely this act the saving of the believers and the destruction of the disbelievers a reminder a lesson for you and that receptive ears ears which remember what they hear might remember it.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Warning concerning the Greatness of the Day of Judgement Al-Haqqah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, because during it the promise and the threat will inevitably...

فَعَصَىٰ فِرْعَوْنُ ٱلرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَٰهُ أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا

Fa'asaa Fir'awnur Rasoola fa akhaznaahu akhzanw wabeelaa

But Pharaoh disobeyed the messenger, so We seized him with a ruinous seizure.

سو فرعون نے (ہمارے) پیغمبر کا کہا نہ مانا تو ہم نے اس کو بڑے وبال میں پکڑ لیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الْاَرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيْبًا مَّهِيْلًا (on the Day when the earth and the mountains will quake, and the mountains will turn into a slipping heap of sand. [ 14] We have sent to you a messenger, as a witness over you, just as We sent a messenger to Fir'aun (th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But Pharaoh disobeyed the messenger so We seized him with a severe seizing.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to be Patient with the Harms of the Disbelievers and a Discussion of what They will rece Allah commands His Messenger to be patient with what the foolish who reject him among his people say. Allah also commands him to keep away from them in a nice way. This means in a way that is not bla...

أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

Alam tara kaifa fa'ala rabbuka bi'aad

Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with 'Aad -

کیا تم نے نہیں دیکھا کہ تمہارے پروردگار نے عاد کے ساتھ کیا کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ (and by the even and the odd,...89:3). The Qur'an has not specified what the words 'the even' and 'the odd' refer to. Therefore, the commentators have assigned different interpretations to them. Nevertheless, it has been mentioned in a Prophetic Hadith narrated by Abu-z-Zubai...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have you not seen do you not know O Muhammad (s) how your Lord dealt with ‘Ād
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah Recitation of Surat Al-Fajr in the Prayer An-Nasa'i recorded a narration from Jabir that Mu`adh prayed a prayer and a man came and joined him in the prayer. Mu`adh made the prayer long, so the man went and prayed (alone) at the side of the Masjid, and then left. When Mu`...

وَثَمُودَ ٱلَّذِينَ جَابُوا۟ ٱلصَّخْرَ بِٱلْوَادِ

Wa samoodal lazeena jaabus sakhra bil waad

And [with] Thamud, who carved out the rocks in the valley?

اور ثمود کے ساتھ (کیا کیا) جو وادئِ (قریٰ) میں پتھر تراشتے تھے (اور گھر بناتے) تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: They are introduced here by the epithet: ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ (the men of tall pillars) The word ` imad' and 'amud' means 'pillar'. The people of ` Ad are mentioned as the men of tall pillars because they were very tall in stature. They were a stronger and more powerful people than any other nations. Th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and Thamūd who hollowed hewed the rocks sakhr is the plural of sakhra in the valley the Wādī al-Qurā rocks which they used as dwellings
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah Recitation of Surat Al-Fajr in the Prayer An-Nasa'i recorded a narration from Jabir that Mu`adh prayed a prayer and a man came and joined him in the prayer. Mu`adh made the prayer long, so the man went and prayed (alone) at the side of the Masjid, and then left. When Mu`...

وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى ٱلْأَوْتَادِ

Wa fir'awna zil awtaad

And [with] Pharaoh, owner of the stakes? -

اور فرعون کے ساتھ (کیا کیا) جو خیمے اور میخیں رکھتا تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ (and with Fir'aun [ the Pharaoh ], the man of the stakes...89:10). The word autad is the plural of watad that means 'peg or stake or nail'. Fir'aun (the Pharaoh) is referred to as 'the man of the stakes'. There are several reasons for this. Majority of the commentators ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and Pharaoh the one of the tent-pegs he used to fasten four pegs and tie to these the hands and feet of those whom he tortured —
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah Recitation of Surat Al-Fajr in the Prayer An-Nasa'i recorded a narration from Jabir that Mu`adh prayed a prayer and a man came and joined him in the prayer. Mu`adh made the prayer long, so the man went and prayed (alone) at the side of the Masjid, and then left. When Mu`...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَٰبِ ٱلْفِيلِ

Alam tara kaifa fa'ala rabbuka bi ashaabil feel

Have you not considered, [O Muhammad], how your Lord dealt with the companions of the elephant?

کیا تم نے نہیں دیکھا کہ تمہارے پروردگار نے ہاتھی والوں کے ساتھ کیا کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The subject-matter of the Surah This Surah refers to the story of the People of the Elephants who came with an army of elephants for the purpose of destroying the House of Allah in (The Holy Ka'bah) in Makkah. But their plan backfired and the Divine scourge overtook them. Allah destroyed ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have you not considered an interrogative meant to provoke marvel in other words ‘marvel at’ the way in which your Lord dealt with the Men of the Elephant? who was named Mahmūd and the men were Abraha King of Yemen and his troops. He had built a church in San‘ā’ in order to divert pilgrims away from ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّآءِ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander) (68:11) Ibn `Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-H...

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