place

The City

الْقَرْيَة

The Arabic term الْقَرْيَة (al-Qaryah), often translated as "The City" or "the township," holds a special place in the Quran, referring to various settlements that serve as backdrops for divine messages and human events. Most notably, it signifies the specific city which the Children of Israel were commanded to enter. While not explicitly named in the Quran, Islamic tradition widely understands this to be Jerusalem (Bayt al-Maqdis) or another sacred city in Palestine. They were instructed to enter its gate [bowing humbly and saying, 'Relieve us of our burdens'], promising divine forgiveness and increased blessings for the doers of good. This narrative highlights themes of humility, obedience, and seeking Allah's mercy. Beyond this pivotal command, "The City" appears in other contexts, illustrating Allah's power and human struggles. We find the powerful imagery of a [ruined township brought back to life], a testament to Allah's ability to revive the dead. The Quran also speaks of those oppressed in [a city of oppressive people], seeking a protector from Allah. Thus, al-Qaryah represents not just a physical location, but a setting for profound spiritual lessons, divine signs, and the unfolding of sacred history in Islam.

The Arabic term al-Qaryah (الْقَرْيَة), translated as "The City" or "township," serves as a recurring motif in the Quran, representing diverse human settlements and embodying profound spiritual and ethical lessons. More than mere geographical markers, these cities are stages for divine commands, human responses, and the unfolding of sacred history, often illustrating themes of obedience, pride, divine justice, and mercy.

Cities as Sites of Divine Command and Human Response

The narrative of the Children of Israel entering a specific city is one of the most prominent uses of al-Qaryah. They were commanded to , with the promise of forgiveness and increased reward for the doers of good. This city is widely understood in Islamic tradition to be Jerusalem (Bayt al-Maqdis) or another sacred city in Palestine, as noted by Tafsir Ibn Kathir. The command to enter "prostrating" (سُجَّدًا) signifies humility and appreciation for Allah's victory and deliverance, as explained by Ibn `Abbas. However, this divine directive was met with rebellion; instead of humility, they entered defiantly and distorted the supplication, leading to divine punishment in the form of a plague (Rijz) from the heaven because of their rebellion, as detailed by Ibn Kathir. This incident highlights the critical importance of sincere obedience and humility in the face of divine commands, demonstrating how human arrogance can transform an opportunity for forgiveness into a cause for punishment. A similar instruction was given to them later, reminding them to , reinforcing the enduring nature of this lesson.

Cities as Vignettes of Divine Power and Human Accountability

The Quran also portrays cities to illustrate Allah's omnipotence, particularly regarding resurrection and destruction. The example of and questioned how Allah would bring it to life after its death is a potent reminder of divine capability. Allah caused the man to die for a hundred years, then revived him, leaving his food and drink unchanged, while his donkey was reduced to bones, only to be resurrected before his eyes. This serves as of the truth of Resurrection, as Ibn Kathir elaborates, emphasizing that Allah is . This story is often attributed to `Uzayr (Ezra) and the ruined city to Jerusalem after Nebuchadnezzar's destruction.

Conversely, cities also stand as symbols of human accountability and the consequences of moral corruption. Allah warns that . Ibn `Abbas, as reported by `Ali bin Abi Talhah, clarifies that "We gave power to the evil people, so they committed sin therein (in the town), and because they did that, Allah destroyed them with the punishment." This illustrates a divine principle: the corruption of a society often begins with its powerful and wealthy elites, whose disobedience leads to the downfall of the entire community. This is further elaborated in the account of Thamud, where nine men instigated the killing of Prophet Salih's she-camel, leading to a catastrophic end for the entire city. Ibn Kathir notes that these men were chiefs who "lured the entire tribe into agreeing to kill the camel," emphasizing the collective responsibility induced by corrupt leadership.

The City in Prophetic Narratives and Moral Lessons

Across various prophetic narratives, the "city" serves as a setting for tests of faith, perseverance, and the struggle against oppression. The story of Prophet Lut (Lot) and his people vividly depicts a city whose inhabitants were steeped in grave immoralities. Their city, often understood as Sodom, became a byword for severe divine punishment, where stones of baked clay rained down upon them, physically and spiritually turning the city upside down, transforming it into the Dead Sea, as Ibn Kathir explains. This serves as a clear sign for those who see and ponder the consequences of transgressing divine laws.

The Quran also recounts the plight of the oppressed, who pray, . This plea, often attributed to the Muslims unable to migrate from Makkah, underscores the role of the city as a potential place of persecution from which believers seek deliverance. Allah answered their prayers by facilitating escape for some and ultimately granting victory through the conquest of Makkah, as described by al-Jalalayn.

In the story of Yusuf (Joseph), the "city" plays a significant role in his journey from adversity to authority. After being cast into a well, he was eventually rescued by a caravan and sold in the "city" of Egypt. The women in this city later discussed the wife of al-'Azeez seeking to seduce her slave boy, highlighting societal gossip and moral scrutiny. Tafsir Ibn Kathir recounts how this news spread, leading to a pivotal banquet where Yusuf's extraordinary beauty caused the women to cut their hands in astonishment. This episode showcases the social dynamics and moral challenges within urban settings.

The Ashab al-Kahf (People of the Cave) sought refuge from a city of oppressive people by retreating to a cave. Their intention was to preserve their faith from persecution, as Ibn Kathir notes, highlighting the permissibility and prophetic precedent of migrating from places where one cannot worship Allah freely. When one of them was sent to the city to buy food after their long sleep, the ancient silver coin he carried revealed the miraculous passage of centuries. This event served as a sign that Allah's promise is true and that there is no doubt about the Hour, addressing contemporary skepticism about resurrection, as elucidated by `Ikrimah.

Ethical and Legal Dimensions Related to Cities

Islamic teachings derived from these Quranic narratives and prophetic traditions extend to ethical conduct and legal rulings concerning cities. The Prophet Muhammad's ﷺ concern for the city of Madinah is evident in his supplication for martyrdom there . This reflects the spiritual significance attributed to cities chosen by Allah and His messengers.

The concept of trust (amanah) and justice (adl) in urban administration is underscored in the Quranic injunction: Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Ibn Kathir explains that this command applies universally, encompassing both divine obligations and human rights, including governmental offices as trusts. Appointing undeserving individuals to positions of authority is condemned, as highlighted by the Prophet's warning: "When the responsibility of affairs is placed under the charge of those who are not deserving of and fit for it, then, wait for the Day of Doom" (Bukhari). This emphasizes that sound governance and justice are foundational for any thriving city.

Furthermore, the protection of the vulnerable within urban environments is paramount. The Quran explicitly warns, do not come near the property of an orphan except in the best way until he reaches maturity. This principle extends to all forms of injustice, prohibiting ill-gotten gains and emphasizing fair dealings in commerce. Practices like charging interest (Riba) or taking bribes for judicial decisions are condemned as injustices that lead to divine punishment, as seen in the warnings given to the Children of Israel for their taking of Riba' though they were forbidden from taking it, and their consuming people's wealth through falsehood.

Spiritual Significance of Urban Life

The Quran's portrayal of al-Qaryah often carries profound spiritual implications. The city can be a place where the signs of Allah are manifest, inviting reflection and gratitude. The verse describing the good land, its vegetation comes forth with the permission of its Lord uses the metaphor of fertile land to represent a believer's heart, which readily benefits from divine guidance, while barren land symbolizes the disbeliever. Ibn Kathir connects this to the parable of abundant rain falling on fertile soil, producing vegetation, contrasted with hard, barren land that yields nothing (Bukhari). This metaphor applies to how people in various cities respond to divine messages.

The importance of striving for the hereafter, even amidst worldly pursuits, is a recurrent theme. The Quran admonishes against being so consumed by worldly life that one forgets their ultimate purpose, stating, And seek the ultimate Abode with what Allah has given to you, and do not neglect your share from this world. As Ibn Kathir elaborates, this means utilizing one's wealth and blessings for good deeds in sincerity to Allah, while also attending to one's lawful needs without extravagance. The Prophet Muhammad's ﷺ own practice of not storing provisions for the morrow, and the emphasis on giving charity, exemplify this balance, though with consideration for individual capacity to endure hardship.

In conclusion, al-Qaryah in the Quran functions as a multifaceted symbol, representing both the physical settings of human civilization and the moral and spiritual landscapes of its inhabitants. Through historical narratives, ethical injunctions, and vivid parables, the Quran utilizes the concept of the city to convey timeless lessons about divine power, human accountability, social justice, and the ultimate destiny of humanity. These narratives and rulings collectively emphasize that the prosperity and spiritual well-being of a city are inextricably linked to the faith, humility, and righteous deeds of its people, serving as a beacon for contemplation and guidance for all who seek to understand their purpose in this world and the Hereafter.

Quran — 22 verses

وَإِذْ قُلْنَا ٱدْخُلُوا۟ هَٰذِهِ ٱلْقَرْيَةَ فَكُلُوا۟ مِنْهَا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ رَغَدًا وَٱدْخُلُوا۟ ٱلْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُولُوا۟ حِطَّةٌ نَّغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطَٰيَٰكُمْ وَسَنَزِيدُ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

Wa iz qulnad khuloo haazihil qaryata fakuloo minhaa haisu shi'tum raghadanw wadkhulul baaba sujjadanw wa qooloo hittatun naghfir lakum khataayaakum; wa sanazeedul muhsineen

And [recall] when We said, "Enter this city and eat from it wherever you will in [ease and] abundance, and enter the gate bowing humbly and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens.' We will [then] forgive your sins for you, and We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."

اور جب ہم نے (ان سے) کہا کہ اس گاؤں میں داخل ہو جاؤ اور اس میں جہاں سے چاہو، خوب کھاؤ (پیو) اور (دیکھنا) دروازے میں داخل ہونا تو سجدہ کرنا اور حطة کہنا، ہم تمہارے گناہ معاف کر دیں گے اور نیکی کرنے والوں کو اور زیادہ دیں گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: There are two views as to when this incident took place. According to Shah ` Abd al-Qadir (رح) ، when the Israelites grew weary of eating the same Mann مَن and Salwa سلوا every day and prayed for being granted the kind of food they were used to (2:61), they were commanded to go to a certain city whe...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when We said to them after they came out of the wilderness ‘Enter this city either the Holy House of Jerusalem Bayt al-Maqdis or Jericho Arīhā and eat freely therein wherever you will plentifully and without any restrictions and enter it at the gate its gate prostrating bowing and say ‘our reque...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Jews were Rebellious instead of Appreciative when They gained Victory Allah admonished the Jews for avoiding Jihad and not entering the holy land as they had been ordered to do when they came from Egypt with Musa. They were also commanded to fight the disbelieving `Amaliq (Canaanites) dwelling i...

أَوْ كَٱلَّذِى مَرَّ عَلَىٰ قَرْيَةٍ وَهِىَ خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَىٰ عُرُوشِهَا قَالَ أَنَّىٰ يُحْىِۦ هَٰذِهِ ٱللَّهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا فَأَمَاتَهُ ٱللَّهُ مِا۟ئَةَ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُۥ قَالَ كَمْ لَبِثْتَ قَالَ لَبِثْتُ يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ قَالَ بَل لَّبِثْتَ مِا۟ئَةَ عَامٍ فَٱنظُرْ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِكَ وَشَرَابِكَ لَمْ يَتَسَنَّهْ وَٱنظُرْ إِلَىٰ حِمَارِكَ وَلِنَجْعَلَكَ ءَايَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَٱنظُرْ إِلَى ٱلْعِظَامِ كَيْفَ نُنشِزُهَا ثُمَّ نَكْسُوهَا لَحْمًا فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُۥ قَالَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

Aw kallazee marra 'alaa qaryatinw wa hiya khaawiyatun 'alaa 'urooshihaa qaala annaa yuhyee haazihil laahu ba'da mawtihaa fa amaatahul laahu mi'ata 'aamin suumma ba'asahoo qaala kam labista qaala labistu yawman aw ba'da yawmin qaala bal labista mi'ata 'aamin fanzur ilaa ta'aamika wa sharaabika lam yatasannah wanzur ilaa himaarika wa linaj'alaka Aayatal linnaasi wanzur ilal'izaami kaifa nunshizuhaa summa naksoohaa lahmaa; falammaa tabiyana lahoo qaala a'lamu annal laaha 'alaakulli shai'in Qadeer

Or [consider such an example] as the one who passed by a township which had fallen into ruin. He said, "How will Allah bring this to life after its death?" So Allah caused him to die for a hundred years; then He revived him. He said, "How long have you remained?" The man said, "I have remained a day or part of a day." He said, "Rather, you have remained one hundred years. Look at your food and your drink; it has not changed with time. And look at your donkey; and We will make you a sign for the people. And look at the bones [of this donkey] - how We raise them and then We cover them with flesh." And when it became clear to him, he said, "I know that Allah is over all things competent."

یا اسی طرح اس شخص کو (نہیں دیکھا) جسے ایک گاؤں میں جو اپنی چھتوں پر گرا پڑا تھا اتفاق گزر ہوا۔ تو اس نے کہا کہ خدا اس (کے باشندوں) کو مرنے کے بعد کیونکر زندہ کرے گا۔ تو خدا نے اس کی روح قبض کرلی (اور) سو برس تک (اس کو مردہ رکھا) پھر اس کو جلا اٹھایا اور پوچھا تم کتنا عرصہ (مرے) رہے ہو اس نے جواب دیا کہ ایک دن یا اس سے بھی کم۔ خدا نے فرمایا (نہیں) بلکہ سو برس (مرے) رہے ہو۔ اور اپنے کھانے پینے کی چیزوں کو دیکھو کہ (اتنی مدت میں مطلق) سڑی بسی نہیں اور اپنے گدھے کو بھی دیکھو (جو مرا پڑا ہے) غرض (ان باتوں سے) یہ ہے کہ ہم تم کو لوگوں کے لئے (اپنی قدرت کی) نشانی بنائیں اور (ہاں گدھے) کی ہڈیوں کو دیکھو کہ ہم ان کو کیونکر جوڑے دیتے اور ان پر (کس طرح) گوشت پوست چڑھا دیتے ہیں۔ جب یہ واقعات اس کے مشاہدے میں آئے تو بول اٹھا کہ میں یقین کرتا ہوں کہ خدا ہر چیز پر قادر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The verse refers to Namrud نمرود ، the emperor of Babylon, who denied the very existence of God and had a debate with Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) on this issue. Allah has given him political power over a large territory. He should have been grateful to his Lord. But, on the contrary, his politica...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Or did you see such as he Ezra ‘Uzayr who the kāf of ka’lladhī ‘such as he who’ is extra passed by a city namely the Holy House sc. Jerusalem riding on an ass and carrying with him a basket of figs and a cup of juice a city that was fallen down collapsed upon its turrets its roof tops after Nebuchad...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of `Uzayr Allah's statement, أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِى حَآجَّ إِبْرَهِيمَ فِى رِبِّهِ (Have you not looked at him who disputed with Ibrahim about his Lord) means, "Have you seen anyone like the person who disputed with Ibrahim about his Lord" Then, Allah connected the Ayah, أَوْ كَالَّذِى ...

وَمَا لَكُمْ لَا تُقَٰتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلْوِلْدَٰنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْ هَٰذِهِ ٱلْقَرْيَةِ ٱلظَّالِمِ أَهْلُهَا وَٱجْعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ وَلِيًّا وَٱجْعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ نَصِيرًا

Wa maa lakum laa tuqaatiloona fee sabeelil laahi walmustad'afeena minar rijaali wannisaaa'i walwildaanil lazeena yaqooloona Rabbanaaa akhrijnaa min haazihil qaryatiz zaalimi ahluhaa waj'al lanaa mil ladunka waliyanw waj'al lanaa mil ladunka naseeraa

And what is [the matter] with you that you fight not in the cause of Allah and [for] the oppressed among men, women, and children who say, "Our Lord, take us out of this city of oppressive people and appoint for us from Yourself a protector and appoint for us from Yourself a helper?"

اور تم کو کیا ہوا ہے کہ خدا کی راہ میں اور اُن بےبس مردوں اور عورتوں اور بچوں کی خاطر نہیں لڑتے جو دعائیں کیا کرتے ہیں کہ اے پروردگار ہم کو اس شہر سے جس کے رہنے والے ظالم ہیں نکال کر کہیں اور لے جا۔ اور اپنی طرف سے کسی کو ہمارا حامی بنا۔ اور اپنی ہی طرف سے کسی کو ہمارا مددگار مقرر فرما

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Answering the call of the oppressed Left behind in Makkah were Muslims who were unable to migrate because of physical weakness and insufficiency of resources. Later on, the disbelievers themselves stopped them from going and started hurting and harassing them in all sorts of ways so that ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: What is wrong with you that you do not fight this is an interrogative of rebuke in other words there is nothing to prevent you from fighting in the way of God and for the deliverance of the oppressed men women and children whom the disbelievers persecuted and prevented from emigrating. Ibn ‘Abbās ma...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Encouraging Jihad to Defend the Oppressed Allah encouraged His believing servants to perform Jihad in His cause and to strive hard to save the oppressed Muslims in Makkah, men, women and children who were restless because of having to remain there. This is why Allah said, الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّن...

قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ قَبْلَ أَنْ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمْ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا۟ مِنْهَآ أَهْلَهَا فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

Qaala Fir'awnu aamantum bihee qabla an aazana lakum; inna haaza lamakrum makartumoohu filmadeenati litukhrijoo minhaaa ahlahaa fasawfa ta'almoon

Said Pharaoh, "You believed in him before I gave you permission. Indeed, this is a conspiracy which you conspired in the city to expel therefrom its people. But you are going to know.

فرعون نے کہا کہ پیشتر اس کے کہ میں تمہیں اجازت دوں تم اس پر ایمان لے آئے؟ بےشک یہ فریب ہے جو تم نے مل کر شہر میں کیا ہے تاکہ اہلِ شہر کو یہاں سے نکال دو۔ سو عنقریب (اس کا نتیجہ) معلوم کرلو گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The foregoing verses had a detailed account of the contest between the prophet Musa (علیہ السلام) and the sorcerers and that after their defeat the sorcerers declared their faith in Allah. Some historical reports say that subsequent to their declaration of faith in Allah, six hundred thousand more p...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Pharaoh said ‘Have you believed a-āmantum read pronouncing both hamzas and replacing the second one with an alif in him in Moses before I gave you leave? Surely this that you have done is a plot you have plotted in the city that you may expel its people from it. But you shall come to know what I wil...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Fir`awn threatens the Magicians after They believed in Musa and Their Response to Him Allah mentions the threats that the Fir`awn - may Allah curse him - made to the magicians after they believed Musa, peace be upon him, and the deceit and cunning that Fir`awn showed the people. Fir`awn said, إِنَّ ...

وَإِذْ قِيلَ لَهُمُ ٱسْكُنُوا۟ هَٰذِهِ ٱلْقَرْيَةَ وَكُلُوا۟ مِنْهَا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ وَقُولُوا۟ حِطَّةٌ وَٱدْخُلُوا۟ ٱلْبَابَ سُجَّدًا نَّغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطِيٓـَٰٔتِكُمْ سَنَزِيدُ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

Wa iz qeela lahumuskunoo haazihil qaryata wa kuloo minhaa haisu shi'tum wa qooloo hittatunw wadkhulul baaba sujjadan naghfir lakum khateee'aatikum; sanazeedul muhsineen

And [mention, O Muhammad], when it was said to them, "Dwell in this city and eat from it wherever you will and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens,' and enter the gate bowing humbly; We will [then] forgive you your sins. We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."

اور (یاد کرو) جب ان سے کہا گیا کہ اس شہر میں سکونت اختیار کرلو اور اس میں جہاں سے جی چاہے کھانا (پینا) اور (ہاں شہر میں جانا تو) حِطّتہٌ کہنا اور دروازے میں داخل ہونا تو سجدہ کرنا۔ ہم تمہارے گناہ معاف کردیں گے۔ اور نیکی کرنے والوں کو اور زیادہ دیں گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The above verses have enumerated various favours that Allah bestowed upon the Israelites, and spoke of their deviation from the commands of Allah resulting in a heavenly punishment for their transgression. The translation of the verses given above is self explanatory and the relevant details have al...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And mention when it was said to them ‘Dwell in this city the Holy House of Jerusalem and eat therein wherever you will and say ‘our concern is for an Exoneration’ and enter the gate that is the gate of the city prostrating a prostration that is actually a bow. We shall forgive read naghfir or the pa...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَـبِ أُمَّةٌ قَآئِمَةٌ يَتْلُونَ ءَايَـتِ اللَّهِ ءَانَآءَ الَّيْلِ وَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ (A party of the people of the Scripture stand for the right, they recite the verses of Allah during the hours of the night, prostrating themselves in prayer) 3:113, وَإِنَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَـب...

وَقَالَ نِسْوَةٌ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ ٱمْرَأَتُ ٱلْعَزِيزِ تُرَٰوِدُ فَتَىٰهَا عَن نَّفْسِهِۦ قَدْ شَغَفَهَا حُبًّا إِنَّا لَنَرَىٰهَا فِى ضَلَٰلٍ مُّبِينٍ

Wa qaala niswatun filma deenatim ra atul'Azeezi turaawidu fataahaa 'an nafsihee qad shaghafahaa bubbaa; innaa lana raahaa fee dalaalim mubeen

And women in the city said, "The wife of al-'Azeez is seeking to seduce her slave boy; he has impassioned her with love. Indeed, we see her [to be] in clear error."

اور شہر میں عورتیں گفتگوئیں کرنے لگیں کہ عزیز کی بیوی اپنے غلام کو اپنی طرف مائل کرنا چاہتی ہے۔ اور اس کی محبت اس کے دل میں گھر کرگئی ہے۔ ہم دیکھتی ہیں کہ وہ صریح گمراہی میں ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: So, after having pointed out to Zulaikha her error, the ` Aziz of Misr said to Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) : يُوسُفُ أَعْرِ‌ضْ عَنْ هَـٰذَا :'O Yusuf, ignore this matter' - that is, do not speak about it before others so there be no disgrace because of this. Then he addressed Zulaikha and said: وَا...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And some of the women in the city the city of Egypt said ‘The Court Officer’s wife has been seducing her boy her servant. Indeed he has smitten her heart with love hubban is for specification in other words ‘her love of him has entered her heart’s pericardium shaghāfa qalbihā that is its inner casin...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The News reaches Women in the City, Who also plot against Yusuf Allah states that the news of what happened between the wife of the `Aziz and Yusuf spread in the city, that is, Egypt, and people talked about it, وَقَالَ نِسْوَةٌ فِى الْمَدِينَةِ (And women in the city said...), such as women of chie...

وَسْـَٔلِ ٱلْقَرْيَةَ ٱلَّتِى كُنَّا فِيهَا وَٱلْعِيرَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَقْبَلْنَا فِيهَا وَإِنَّا لَصَٰدِقُونَ

Was'alil qaryatal latee kunnaa feehaa wal'eeral lateee aqbalnaa feehaa wa innaa lasaadiqoon

And ask the city in which we were and the caravan in which we came - and indeed, we are truthful,"

اور جس بستی میں ہم (ٹھہرے) تھے وہاں سے (یعنی اہل مصر سے) اور جس قافلے میں آئے ہیں اس سے دریافت کر لیجیئے اور ہم اس بیان میں بالکل سچے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Then, in verse 81, it was said: ارْ‌جِعُوا إِلَىٰ أَبِيكُمْ , that is, the oldest brother said: I am going to stay here. You all go back to your father and tell him that his son has committed a theft, and that whatever we are saying is what we have seen with our own eyes, and that the stolen propert...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And ask the city in which we were — namely Egypt — in other words send forth someone to ask its people and the caravan the men of the caravan with which we approached — and these were a group of Canaanites. Surely we speak the truth” ’ in what we say. So they went back to him and told him as much.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah's Prophet Ya`qub receives the Grievous News Allah's Prophet Ya`qub repeated to his children the same words he said to them when they brought false blood on Yusuf' shirt, بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنفُسُكُمْ أَمْرًا فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ (Nay, but your own selves have beguiled you into something. So pa...

وَجَآءَ أَهْلُ ٱلْمَدِينَةِ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ

Wa jaaa'a ahlul madeenati yastabshiroon

And the people of the city came rejoicing.

اور اہل شہر (لوط کے پاس) خوش خوش (دوڑے) آئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: From verse 48: لَا يَمَسُّهُمْ فِيهَا نَصَبٌ وَمَا هُم مِّنْهَا بِمُخْرَ‌جِينَ (No weariness shall touch them therein nor will they be expelled from there), we learn about two features of Jannah: (1) No one shall ever feel tired or weak. This is contrary to what happens in our mortal world where har...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And then came the people of the city the city of Sodom that is the people of Lot upon being told that there were handsome clean-shaven individuals — namely the angels — in the house of Lot rejoicing yastabshirūn is a circumstantial qualifier desiring to commit an abomination with them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The People of the City arrive upon the Angels, thinking that they are Men Allah tells us about how Lut's people came to him when they found out about his handsome guests, and they came happily rejoicing about them. قَالَ إِنَّ هَـؤُلآءِ ضَيْفِى فَلاَ تَفْضَحُونِ - وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُخْزُونِ...

وَضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلًا قَرْيَةً كَانَتْ ءَامِنَةً مُّطْمَئِنَّةً يَأْتِيهَا رِزْقُهَا رَغَدًا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ فَكَفَرَتْ بِأَنْعُمِ ٱللَّهِ فَأَذَٰقَهَا ٱللَّهُ لِبَاسَ ٱلْجُوعِ وَٱلْخَوْفِ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَصْنَعُونَ

Wa darabal laahu masalan qaryatan kaanat aaminatam mutma'innatany yaaateehaa rizquhaa rghadam min kulli makaanin fakafarat bi an'umil laahi fa azaaqahal laahu libaasal joo'i walkhawfi bimaa kaanoo yasna'oon

And Allah presents an example: a city which was safe and secure, its provision coming to it in abundance from every location, but it denied the favors of Allah. So Allah made it taste the envelopment of hunger and fear for what they had been doing.

اور خدا ایک بستی کی مثال بیان فرماتا ہے کہ (ہر طرح) امن چین سے بستی تھی ہر طرف سے رزق بافراغت چلا آتا تھا۔ مگر ان لوگوں نے خدا کی نعمتوں کی ناشکری کی تو خدا نے ان کے اعمال کے سبب ان کو بھوک اور خوف کا لباس پہنا کر (ناشکری کا) مزہ چکھا دیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary According to leading Tafsir authorities, the similitude mentioned in verse 112 is general and universal. It does not relate to a particular habitation. However, there are others who connect it to what had happened in Makkah al-Mukarramah where people suffered from an acute famine for seve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And God strikes a similitude mathalan is substituted by the following qaryatan a town Mecca — meaning its inhabitants — secure from any raids never becoming agitated and peaceful without anyone ever needing to emigrate from it on account of anxiety or fear its provision coming to it plenteously abun...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Example of Makkah This example refers to the people of Makkah, which had been secure, peaceful and stable, a secure sanctuary while men were being snatched away from everywhere outside of it. Whoever entered Makkah, he was safe, and he had no need to fear, as Allah said: وَقَالُواْ إِن نَّتَّبِع...

وَإِذَآ أَرَدْنَآ أَن نُّهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا۟ فِيهَا فَحَقَّ عَلَيْهَا ٱلْقَوْلُ فَدَمَّرْنَٰهَا تَدْمِيرًا

Wa izaaa aradnaaa an nuhlika qaryatan amarnaa mutrafeehaa fafasaqoo feehaa fahaqqa 'alaihal qawlu fadammarnaahaa tadmeeraa

And when We intend to destroy a city, We command its affluent but they defiantly disobey therein; so the word comes into effect upon it, and We destroy it with [complete] destruction.

اور جب ہمارا ارادہ کسی بستی کے ہلاک کرنے کا ہوا تو وہاں کے آسودہ لوگوں کو (فواحش پر) مامور کردیا تو وہ نافرمانیاں کرتے رہے۔ پھر اس پر (عذاب کا) حکم ثابت ہوگیا۔ اور ہم نے اسے ہلاک کر ڈالا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence Previous verses said that it is the customary practice of Allah Ta` ala that he does not send punishment upon a people until the commandments of Allah reach them through the blessed prophets which they still refuse to obey. Given in the verses cited above is what happens on the other side w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when We desire to destroy a town We command its affluent ones those inhabitants of its who enjoy the graces of God meaning its leaders We command them to obedience by the tongue of Our messengers; but they fall into immorality therein rebelling against Our command and so the Word is justified co...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Meanings of Amarna The commentators differed over the meaning of this word. It was said that the phrase translated here as "Amarna those who live luxuriously. Then, they transgress therein" means, "We send Our decree upon them" as Allah says elsewhere: أَتَاهَآ أَمْرُنَا لَيْلاً أَوْ نَهَارًا (Our d...

وَكَذَٰلِكَ بَعَثْنَٰهُمْ لِيَتَسَآءَلُوا۟ بَيْنَهُمْ قَالَ قَآئِلٌ مِّنْهُمْ كَمْ لَبِثْتُمْ قَالُوا۟ لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ قَالُوا۟ رَبُّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا لَبِثْتُمْ فَٱبْعَثُوٓا۟ أَحَدَكُم بِوَرِقِكُمْ هَٰذِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ فَلْيَنظُرْ أَيُّهَآ أَزْكَىٰ طَعَامًا فَلْيَأْتِكُم بِرِزْقٍ مِّنْهُ وَلْيَتَلَطَّفْ وَلَا يُشْعِرَنَّ بِكُمْ أَحَدًا

Wa kazaalika ba'asnaahum liyatasaaa'aloo bainahum; qaala qaaa'ilum minhum kam labistum qaaloo labisnaa yawman aw ba'da yawm; qaaloo Rabbukum a'almu bimaa labistum fab'asooo ahadakum biwariqikum haazihee ilal madeenati falyanzur ayyuhaaa azkaa ta'aaman falyaatikum birizqim minhu walyatalattaf wa laa yush'iranna bikum ahadaa

And similarly, We awakened them that they might question one another. Said a speaker from among them, "How long have you remained [here]?" They said, "We have remained a day or part of a day." They said, "Your Lord is most knowing of how long you remained. So send one of you with this silver coin of yours to the city and let him look to which is the best of food and bring you provision from it and let him be cautious. And let no one be aware of you.

اور اس طرح ہم نے ان کو اٹھایا تاکہ آپس میں ایک دوسرے سے دریافت کریں۔ ایک کہنے والے نے کہا کہ تم (یہاں) کتنی مدت رہے؟ انہوں نے کہا کہ ایک دن یا اس سے بھی کم۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ جتنی مدت تم رہے ہو تمہارا پروردگار ہی اس کو خوب جانتا ہے۔ تو اپنے میں سے کسی کو یہ روپیہ دے کر شہر کو بھیجو وہ دیکھے کہ نفیس کھانا کون سا ہے تو اس میں سے کھانا لے آئے اور آہستہ آہستہ آئے جائے اور تمہارا حال کسی کو نہ بتائے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The word: کَذٰلِک (kadhalik) in the first sentence is for comparison. The purpose at this place is to describe the mutual likeness of two events. One of these is the event of the long sleep of the People of Kahf for an equally long period of time mentioned in the beginning of the story un...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And so just as We did with them that which We have mentioned it was that We aroused them We awakened them that they might question one another concerning their state and the length of their stay in the cave. One of them said ‘How long have you tarried?’ They said ‘We have tarried a day or part of a ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Their awakening and sending One of Themselves to buy Food Allah says: `just as We caused them to ... كَمْ لَبِثْتُمْ (How long have you stayed (here)) meaning, `how long have you slept' قَالُواْ لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ (They said: "We have stayed a day or part of a day.") because they e...

فَٱنطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَتَيَآ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ٱسْتَطْعَمَآ أَهْلَهَا فَأَبَوْا۟ أَن يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَن يَنقَضَّ فَأَقَامَهُۥ قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتَ لَتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا

Fantalaqaa hattaaa izaaa atayaaa ahla qaryatinis tat'amaaa ahlahaa fa abaw any yudaiyifoohumaa fawajadaa feehaa jidaarany yureedu any yanqadda fa aqaamah; qaala law shi'ta lattakhazta 'alaihi ajraa

So they set out, until when they came to the people of a town, they asked its people for food, but they refused to offer them hospitality. And they found therein a wall about to collapse, so al-Khidh r restored it. [Moses] said, "If you wished, you could have taken for it a payment."

پھر دونوں چلے۔ یہاں تک کہ ایک گاؤں والوں کے پاس پہنچے اور ان سے کھانا طلب کیا۔ انہوں نے ان کی ضیافت کرنے سے انکار کر دیا۔ پھر انہوں نے وہاں ایک دیوار دیکھی جو (جھک کر) گرا چاہتی تھی۔ خضر نے اس کو سیدھا کر دیا۔ موسیٰ نے کہا اگر آپ چاہتے تو ان سے (اس کا) معاوضہ لیتے (تاکہ کھانے کا کام چلتا)

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The habitation mentioned أَهْلَ قَرْ‌يَةٍ (the people of a town - 77) which Sayyidna Musa and al-Khadir (علیہ السلام) passed through and whose inhabitants refused to host them was Antakiah, as in the report of Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، and Aikah, as in the report of Ibn Sirin. It has also been report...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So they set off until when they came to the folk of a certain town namely Antioch Antākya they asked its folk for food they asked them for food by way of hospitality but they refused to extend them any hospitality. They then found in it a wall one hundred cubits high about to collapse that is it was...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of repairing the Wall Allah tells us that فَانطَلَقَا (they both proceeded) after the first two instances, حَتَّى إِذَآ أَتَيَآ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ (till when they came to the people of a town,) Ibn Jarir narrated from Ibn Sirin that this was Al-Aylah. According to the Hadith; «حَتَّى إِذَا أَ...

وَأَمَّا ٱلْجِدَارُ فَكَانَ لِغُلَٰمَيْنِ يَتِيمَيْنِ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَ تَحْتَهُۥ كَنزٌ لَّهُمَا وَكَانَ أَبُوهُمَا صَٰلِحًا فَأَرَادَ رَبُّكَ أَن يَبْلُغَآ أَشُدَّهُمَا وَيَسْتَخْرِجَا كَنزَهُمَا رَحْمَةً مِّن رَّبِّكَ وَمَا فَعَلْتُهُۥ عَنْ أَمْرِى ذَٰلِكَ تَأْوِيلُ مَا لَمْ تَسْطِع عَّلَيْهِ صَبْرًا

Wa ammal jidaaru fakaana lighulaamaini yateemaini fil madeenati wa kaana tahtahoo kanzul lahumaa wa kaana aboohumaa saalihan fa araada Rabbuka any yablughaaa ashuddahumaa wa yastakhrijaa kanzahumaa rahmatam mir Rabbik; wa maa fa'altuhoo 'an amree; zaalika taaweelu maa lam tasti' 'alaihi sabra

And as for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the city, and there was beneath it a treasure for them, and their father had been righteous. So your Lord intended that they reach maturity and extract their treasure, as a mercy from your Lord. And I did it not of my own accord. That is the interpretation of that about which you could not have patience."

اور وہ جو دیوار تھی سو وہ دو یتیم لڑکوں کی تھی (جو) شہر میں (رہتے تھے) اور اس کے نیچے ان کا خزانہ (مدفون) تھا اور ان کا باپ ایک نیک بخت آدمی تھا۔ تو تمہارے پروردگار نے چاہا کہ وہ اپنی جوانی کو پہنچ جائیں اور (پھر) اپنا خزانہ نکالیں۔ یہ تمہارے پروردگار کی مہربانی ہے۔ اور یہ کام میں نے اپنی طرف سے نہیں کئے۔ یہ ان باتوں کا راز ہے جن پر تم صبر نہ کرسکے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: About the statement: وَكَانَ تَحْتَهُ كَنزٌ لَّهُمَا (and there was beneath it a treasure for them - 82), Sayyidna Abu al-Dard' ؓ has reported from the Holy Prophet ﷺ that it was a treasure chest of gold and silver. (Narrated by Tirmidhi and a1-Hakim, from Mazhari) Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ said that i...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And as for the wall it belonged to two orphan boys who lived in the city and beneath it there was a treasure a buried trove of gold and silver belonging to them. Their father had been a righteous man and so because of his righteousness they were protected both in terms of their souls and their posse...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Interpretation of why the Wall was repaired for no Charge In this Ayah there is a proof that the word Qaryah (village) may be used to refer to a city (Madinah), because Allah first says, حَتَّى إِذَآ أَتَيَآ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ (till when they came to the people of a town (Qaryah)) 18:77, but here He sa...

قَالَتْ إِنَّ ٱلْمُلُوكَ إِذَا دَخَلُوا۟ قَرْيَةً أَفْسَدُوهَا وَجَعَلُوٓا۟ أَعِزَّةَ أَهْلِهَآ أَذِلَّةً وَكَذَٰلِكَ يَفْعَلُونَ

Qaalat innal mulooka izaa dakhaloo qaryatan afsadoohaa wa ja'alooo a'izzata ahlihaaa azillah; wa kazaalika yaf'aloon

She said, "Indeed kings - when they enter a city, they ruin it and render the honored of its people humbled. And thus do they do.

اس نے کہا کہ بادشاہ جب کسی شہر میں داخل ہوتے ہیں تو اس کو تباہ کر دیتے ہیں اور وہاں کے عزت والوں کو ذلیل کر دیا کرتے ہیں اور اسی طرح یہ بھی کریں گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Consultation in important matters is a Sunnah. It provides the benefit of having views of others, and gives them a sense of participation قَالَتْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ أَفْتُونِي فِي أَمْرِ‌ي مَا كُنتُ قَاطِعَةً أَمْرً‌ا حَتَّىٰ تَشْهَدُونِ She said, "0 chieftains, advise me in the matter I have (b...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: She said ‘Indeed kings when they enter a town ruin it with destruction and reduce the mightiest of its inhabitants to the most abased. That is what they too will do namely the senders of this letter.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Bilqis consults with Her Chiefs When she read Sulayman's letter to them and consulted with them about this news, she said: يأَيُّهَا الْمَلأ أَفْتُونِى فِى أَمْرِى مَا كُنتُ قَـطِعَةً أَمْراً حَتَّى تَشْهَدُونِ ("O chiefs! Advise me in (this) case of mine. I decide no case till you are present with ...

وَكَانَ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ تِسْعَةُ رَهْطٍ يُفْسِدُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا يُصْلِحُونَ

Wa kaana fil madeenati tis'atu rahtiny yufsidoona fil ardi wa laa yuslihoon

And there were in the city nine family heads causing corruption in the land and not amending [its affairs].

اور شہر میں نو شخص تھے جو ملک میں فساد کیا کرتے تھے اور اصلاح سے کام نہیں لیتے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: تِسْعَةُ رَ‌هْطٍ (nine persons - 27:48). The word رَ‌هْطٍ (Raht) is used for a group. Here each of the nine persons is called Raht presumably because they were regarded superior among their clan for having wealth and dignity. Each one of them had his own separate group of people, hence they are call...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And there were in the city the city of Thamūd a band of nine men that is nine men who were causing corruption in the land with acts of disobedience which included their corroding of dinar and dirham coins rendering them worthless and did not reform their ways through obedience to God.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Plot of the Mischief-Makers and the End of the People of Thamud Allah tells us about the evildoers of Thamud and their leaders who used to call their people to misguidance and disbelief, and to deny Salih. Eventually they killed the she-camel and were about to kill Salih too. They plotted to let...

وَدَخَلَ ٱلْمَدِينَةَ عَلَىٰ حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلَانِ هَٰذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ وَهَٰذَا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِۦ فَٱسْتَغَٰثَهُ ٱلَّذِى مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ عَلَى ٱلَّذِى مِنْ عَدُوِّهِۦ فَوَكَزَهُۥ مُوسَىٰ فَقَضَىٰ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ هَٰذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنِ إِنَّهُۥ عَدُوٌّ مُّضِلٌّ مُّبِينٌ

Wa dakhalal madeenata 'alaa heene ghaflatim min ahlihaa fawajada feeha raju laini yaqtatilaani haazaa min shee'atihee wa haaza min 'aduwwihee fastaghaasahul lazee min shee'atihee 'alal lazee min 'aduwwihee fawakazahoo Moosaa faqadaa 'alaihi qaala haaza min 'amalish Shaitaani innahoo 'aduwwum mmudillum mubeen

And he entered the city at a time of inattention by its people and found therein two men fighting: one from his faction and one from among his enemy. And the one from his faction called for help to him against the one from his enemy, so Moses struck him and [unintentionally] killed him. [Moses] said, "This is from the work of Satan. Indeed, he is a manifest, misleading enemy."

اور وہ ایسے وقت شہر میں داخل ہوئے کہ وہاں کے باشندے بےخبر ہو رہے تھے تو دیکھا کہ وہاں دو شخص لڑ رہے تھے ایک تو موسٰی کی قوم کا ہے اور دوسرا اُن کے دشمنوں میں سے تو جو شخص اُن کی قوم میں سے تھا اس نے دوسرے شخص کے مقابلے میں جو موسٰی کے دشمنوں میں سے تھا مدد طلب کی تو اُنہوں نے اس کو مکا مارا اور اس کا کام تمام کر دیا کہنے لگے کہ یہ کام تو (اغوائے) شیطان سے ہوا بیشک وہ (انسان کا) دشمن اور صریح بہکانے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَاسْتَوَىٰ (And when he reached his maturity and became perfect - 28:14). The literal meaning of 'ashudd (أَشُدَّ ) is to attain the peak of strength or intensity. For instance a person gradually develops from the position of juvenile weakness to the strength of...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And he Moses entered the city Pharaoh’s city Memphis having been absent from it for a while at a time when its people were oblivious the time of the afternoon nap and found therein two men fighting one of his own faction namely an Israelite and the other of his enemies in other words an Egyptian who...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How Musa killed a Coptic Man Having described Musa's beginnings, Allah then tells us that when he reached maturity, and was complete in stature, Allah gave him Hukm and religious knowledge. Mujahid said that this means prophethood. وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ (And thus do We reward the doers o...

فَأَصْبَحَ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ خَآئِفًا يَتَرَقَّبُ فَإِذَا ٱلَّذِى ٱسْتَنصَرَهُۥ بِٱلْأَمْسِ يَسْتَصْرِخُهُۥ قَالَ لَهُۥ مُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّكَ لَغَوِىٌّ مُّبِينٌ

Fa asbaha fil madeenati khaaa'ifany yataraqqabu fa izal lazis tansarahoo bil amsi yastasrikhuh; qaala lahoo moosaaa innaka laghawiyyum mubeen

And he became inside the city fearful and anticipating [exposure], when suddenly the one who sought his help the previous day cried out to him [once again]. Moses said to him, "Indeed, you are an evident, [persistent] deviator."

الغرض صبح کے وقت شہر میں ڈرتے ڈرتے داخل ہوئے کہ دیکھیں (کیا ہوتا ہے) تو ناگہاں وہی شخص جس نے کل اُن سے مدد مانگی تھی پھر اُن کو پکار رہا ہے۔ موسٰی نے اس سے کہا کہ تُو تو صریح گمراہ ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ رَ‌بِّ بِمَا أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرً‌ا لِّلْمُجْرِ‌مِينَ (He [ Musa ] said, "0 my Lord, since You have favoured me, I will never be a supporter to the sinners." -28:17). When Allah Ta’ ala pardoned this slip of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) he said in gratitude to Allah Ta` ala...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: In the morning he was in the city fearful vigilant waiting to see what would happen to him in reaction from the side of the slain man; — when behold the one who had sought his help the day before cried out to him for help again asking for his help against another Egyptian. Moses said to him ‘Clearly...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How the Secret of this Killing became known Allah tells us that when Musa killed that Coptic, فِى الْمَدِينَةِ خَآئِفاً (he became afraid in the city) meaning, of the consequences of his action, يَتَرَقَّبُ (looking about) means, turning around and watching out, waiting for the consequences of his a...

وَجَآءَ رَجُلٌ مِّنْ أَقْصَا ٱلْمَدِينَةِ يَسْعَىٰ قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّ ٱلْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَٱخْرُجْ إِنِّى لَكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰصِحِينَ

Wa jaaa'a rajulum min aqsal madeenati yas'aa qaala yaa Moosaaa innal mala a yaa tamiroona bika liyaqtulooka fakhruj innee laka minan naasiheen

And a man came from the farthest end of the city, running. He said, "O Moses, indeed the eminent ones are conferring over you [intending] to kill you, so leave [the city]; indeed, I am to you of the sincere advisors."

اور ایک شخص شہر کی پرلی طرف سے دوڑتا ہوا آیا (اور) بولا کہ موسٰی (شہر کے) رئیس تمہارے بارے میں صلاحیں کرتے ہیں کہ تم کو مار ڈالیں سو تم یہاں سے نکل جاؤ۔ میں تمہارا خیر خواہ ہوں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ رَ‌بِّ بِمَا أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرً‌ا لِّلْمُجْرِ‌مِينَ (He [ Musa ] said, "0 my Lord, since You have favoured me, I will never be a supporter to the sinners." -28:17). When Allah Ta’ ala pardoned this slip of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) he said in gratitude to Allah Ta` ala...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And a man who was the only believer among Pharaoh’s kinsfolk came from the outskirts of the city hastening walking fast via a route quicker than theirs. He said ‘O Moses lo! the council of Pharaoh’s folk are conspiring discussing the means to slay you. So leave the city. Truly I am speaking to you i...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): وَجَآءَ رَجُلٌ (And there came a man) He is described as being a man because he had the courage to take a different route, a shorter route than those who were sent after Musa, so he reached Musa first and said to him: "O Musa, إِنَّ الْمَلاّ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ (Verily, the chiefs are taking counsel ...

فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا خَآئِفًا يَتَرَقَّبُ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِى مِنَ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Fakharaja minhaa khaaa 'ifany-yataraqqab; qaala Rabbi najjinee minal qawmiz zaalimeen

So he left it, fearful and anticipating [apprehension]. He said, "My Lord, save me from the wrongdoing people."

موسٰی وہاں سے ڈرتے ڈرتے نکل کھڑے ہوئے کہ دیکھیں (کیا ہوتا ہے) اور دعا کرنے لگے کہ اے پروردگار مجھے ظالم لوگوں سے نجات دے۔

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ رَ‌بِّ بِمَا أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرً‌ا لِّلْمُجْرِ‌مِينَ (He [ Musa ] said, "0 my Lord, since You have favoured me, I will never be a supporter to the sinners." -28:17). When Allah Ta’ ala pardoned this slip of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) he said in gratitude to Allah Ta` ala...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So he departed from it fearful vigilant lest any of the pursuers catch up with him or in the hope that God might rescue him. He said ‘My Lord deliver me from the evildoing people’ Pharaoh’s people.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Musa, peace be upon him, in Madyan, and how He watered the Flocks of the Two Women When the man told Musa about how Fir`awn and his chiefs were conspiring against him, he left Egypt on his own. He was not used to being alone, because before that he had been living a life of luxury and ease, in a pos...

وَٱضْرِبْ لَهُم مَّثَلًا أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْقَرْيَةِ إِذْ جَآءَهَا ٱلْمُرْسَلُونَ

Wadrib lahum masalan Ashaabal Qaryatih; iz jaaa'ahal mursaloon

And present to them an example: the people of the city, when the messengers came to it -

اور ان سے گاؤں والوں کا قصہ بیان کرو جب ان کے پاس پیغمبر آئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The expression: ضرب مثل (cite an example) in verse 13: وَاضْرِ‌بْ لَهُم مَّثَلًا أَصْحَابَ الْقَرْ‌يَةِ (And cite to them the example of the People of the Town) is generally used to prove something by giving the example of a similar thing. The following event has been narrated by the Holy...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And strike for them as a similitude mathalan is the first direct object the inhabitants ashāba is the second direct object of the town of Antioch Antākya when the messengers namely Jesus’s disciples came to it idh jā’ahā’l-mursalūna is an inclusive substitution for ashāba’l-qaryati ‘the inhabitants ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Dwellers of the Town and Their Messengers, a Lesson that Those Who belied Their Messengers were Destroyed Allah says, `O Muhammad, tell your people who disbelieve in you,' مَّثَلاً أَصْحَـبَ القَرْيَةِ إِذْ جَآءَهَا الْمُرْسَلُونَ (a similitude; the Dwellers of the Town, when there ...

وَجَآءَ مِنْ أَقْصَا ٱلْمَدِينَةِ رَجُلٌ يَسْعَىٰ قَالَ يَٰقَوْمِ ٱتَّبِعُوا۟ ٱلْمُرْسَلِينَ

Wa jaaa'a min aqsal madeenati rajuluny yas'aa qaala yaa qawmit tabi'ul mursaleen

And there came from the farthest end of the city a man, running. He said, "O my people, follow the messengers.

اور شہر کے پرلے کنارے سے ایک آدمی دوڑتا ہوا آیا کہنے لگا کہ اے میری قوم پیغمبروں کے پیچھے چلو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 20, it was said: وَجَاءَ مِنْ أَقْصَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَ‌جُلٌ يَسْعَىٰ (And there came a man rushing from the farthest part of the city.) In the first verse (13), the place where this incident transpired was expressed as: اَلقَریَۃ (al-qaryah: town) which, according to the Arabic lexical usage...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And there came a man from the furthest part of the city — this was Habīb the carpenter who had believed in these messengers and whose house lay at the far end of the city — hastening with a hurried pace after he had heard that the people had denied the messengers. He said ‘O my people follow the mes...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): قَالَ يقَوْمِ اتَّبِعُواْ الْمُرْسَلِينَ (He said: "O my people! Obey the Messengers.") -- he urged his people to follow the Messengers who had come to them. اتَّبِعُواْ مَن لاَّ يَسْـَلُكُمْ أَجْراً (Obey those who ask no wages of you,) means, `for the Message which they convey to you, and they are...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ لَآ أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا ٱلْبَلَدِ

Laaa uqsimu bihaazal balad

I swear by this city, Makkah -

ہمیں اس شہر (مکہ) کی قسم

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَـٰذَا الْبَلَدِ (I swear by this city...90:1). The particle la ('no' ) in the beginning of this sentence has no meaning here. Such particles in Arabic language are commonplace. However, the more appropriate view is that when a Surah begins with a la (no) followed by an oa...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: I swear lā is extra by this land of Mecca
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Swearing by the Sanctity of Makkah and Other Things that Man was created in Hardship Here Allah has sworn by Makkah, the Mother of the Towns, addressing its resident (durin...
Hadith — 7 traditions
Sahih al-Bukhari 29:24sahih

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلاَلٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي شَهَادَةً فِي سَبِيلِكَ، وَاجْعَلْ مَوْتِي فِي بَلَدِ رَسُولِكَ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ وَقَالَ ابْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ رَوْحِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ أُمِّهِ، عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ، نَحْوَهُ‏.‏ وَقَالَ هِشَامٌ عَنْ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَفْصَةَ، سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ، رضى الله عنه‏.‏

Narrated Zaid bin Aslam from his father:`Umar said, O Allah! Grant me martyrdom in Your cause, and let my death be in the city of Your Apostle

ہم سے یحییٰ بن بکیر نے بیان کیا، کہا کہ ہم سے لیث نے بیان کیا، ان سے خالد بن یزید نے، ان سے سعید بن ابی ہلال نے، ان سے زید بن اسلم نے، ان سے ان کے والد نے اور ان سے عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے جو فرمایا کرتے تھے اے اللہ! مجھے اپنے راستے میں شہادت عطا کر اور میری موت اپنے رسول صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے شہر میں مقدر کر دے۔ ابن زریع نے روح بن قاسم سے، انہوں نے زید بن اسلم سے، انہوں نے اپنی والدہ سے، انہوں نے حفصہ بنت عمر رضی اللہ عنہما سے بیان کیا کہ میں نے عمر رضی اللہ عنہ سے اسی طرح سنا تھا، ہشام نے بیان کیا، ان سے زید نے، ان سے ان کے والد نے، ان سے حفصہ رضی اللہ عنہا نے کہ میں نے عمر رضی اللہ عنہ سے سنا پھر یہی حدیث روایت کی۔

Sahih al-Bukhari 61:102sahih

حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ، أَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعْدٌ الطَّائِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحِلُّ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، قَالَ بَيْنَا أَنَا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ، صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ الْفَاقَةَ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ آخَرُ، فَشَكَا قَطْعَ السَّبِيلِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ يَا عَدِيُّ هَلْ رَأَيْتَ الْحِيرَةَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قُلْتُ لَمْ أَرَهَا وَقَدْ أُنْبِئْتُ عَنْهَا‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَإِنْ طَالَتْ بِكَ حَيَاةٌ لَتَرَيَنَّ الظَّعِينَةَ تَرْتَحِلُ مِنَ الْحِيرَةِ، حَتَّى تَطُوفَ بِالْكَعْبَةِ، لاَ تَخَافُ أَحَدًا إِلاَّ اللَّهَ ‏"‏ ـ قُلْتُ فِيمَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ نَفْسِي فَأَيْنَ دُعَّارُ طَيِّئٍ الَّذِينَ قَدْ سَعَّرُوا الْبِلاَدَ ‏"‏ وَلَئِنْ طَالَتْ بِكَ حَيَاةٌ لَتُفْتَحَنَّ كُنُوزُ كِسْرَى ‏"‏‏.‏ قُلْتُ كِسْرَى بْنِ هُرْمُزَ قَالَ ‏"‏ كِسْرَى بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، وَلَئِنْ طَالَتْ بِكَ حَيَاةٌ، لَتَرَيَنَّ الرَّجُلَ يُخْرِجُ مِلْءَ كَفِّهِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ، يَطْلُبُ مَنْ يَقْبَلُهُ مِنْهُ، فَلاَ يَجِدُ أَحَدًا يَقْبَلُهُ مِنْهُ، وَلَيَلْقَيَنَّ اللَّهَ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ، وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ تُرْجُمَانٌ يُتَرْجِمُ لَهُ‏.‏ فَيَقُولَنَّ أَلَمْ أَبْعَثْ إِلَيْكَ رَسُولاً فَيُبَلِّغَكَ فَيَقُولُ بَلَى‏.‏ فَيَقُولُ أَلَمْ أُعْطِكَ مَالاً وَأُفْضِلْ عَلَيْكَ فَيَقُولُ بَلَى‏.‏ فَيَنْظُرُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ فَلاَ يَرَى إِلاَّ جَهَنَّمَ، وَيَنْظُرُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ فَلاَ يَرَى إِلاَّ جَهَنَّمَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ عَدِيٌّ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏"‏ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقَّةِ تَمْرَةٍ، فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ شِقَّةَ تَمْرَةٍ فَبِكَلِمَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ عَدِيٌّ فَرَأَيْتُ الظَّعِينَةَ تَرْتَحِلُ مِنَ الْحِيرَةِ حَتَّى تَطُوفَ بِالْكَعْبَةِ، لاَ تَخَافُ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ، وَكُنْتُ فِيمَنِ افْتَتَحَ كُنُوزَ كِسْرَى بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، وَلَئِنْ طَالَتْ بِكُمْ حَيَاةٌ لَتَرَوُنَّ مَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ يُخْرِجُ مِلْءَ كَفِّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏

Narrated `Adi bin Hatim:While I was in the city of the Prophet, a man came and complained to him (the Prophet, ) of destitution and poverty. Then another man came and complained of robbery (by highwaymen). The Prophet said, "Adi! Have you been to Al-Hira?" I said, "I haven't been to it, but I was informed about it." He said, "If you should live for a long time, you will certainly see that a lady in a Howdah traveling from Al-Hira will (safely reach Mecca and) perform the Tawaf of the Ka`ba, fearing none but Allah." I said to myself, "What will happen to the robbers of the tribe of Tai who have spread evil throughout the country?" The Prophet (ﷺ) further said, "If you should live long, the treasures of Khosrau will be opened (and taken as spoils)." I asked, "You mean Khosrau, son of Hurmuz?" He said, "Khosrau, son of Hurmuz. And if you should live long, you will see that one will carry a handful of gold or silver and go out looking for a person to accept it from him, but will find none to accept it from him. And any of you, when meeting Allah, will meet Him without needing an interpreter between him and Allah to interpret for him, and Allah will say to him: 'Didn't I send a messenger to teach you?' He will say: 'Yes.' Allah will say: 'Didn't I give you wealth and do you favors?' He will say: 'Yes.' Then he will look to his right and see nothing but Hell, and look to his left and see nothing but Hell." `Adi further said: I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "Save yourself from the (Hell) Fire even with half a date (to be given in charity) and if you do not find a half date, then with a good pleasant word." `Adi added: (later on) I saw a lady in a Howdah traveling from Al-Hira till she performed the Tawaf of the Ka`ba, fearing none but Allah. And I was one of those who opened (conquered) the treasures of Khosrau, son of Hurmuz. If you should live long, you will see what the Prophet (ﷺ) Abu-l-Qasim had said: 'A person will come out with a handful of gold...etc

مجھ سے محمد بن حکم نے بیان کیا، کہا ہم کو نضر نے خبر دی، کہا ہم کو اسرائیل نے خبر دی، کہا ہم کو سعد طائی نے خبر دی، انہیں محل بن خلیفہ نے خبر دی، ان سے عدی بن حاتم رضی اللہ عنہ نے بیان کیا کہ میں نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی خدمت میں حاضر تھا کہ ایک صاحب آئے اور آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے فقر و فاقہ کی شکایت کی، پھر دوسرے صاحب آئے اور راستوں کی بدامنی کی شکایت کی، اس پر نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا: عدی! تم نے مقام حیرہ دیکھا ہے؟ ( جو کوفہ کے پاس ایک بستی ہے ) میں نے عرض کیا کہ میں نے دیکھا تو نہیں، البتہ اس کا نام میں نے سنا ہے۔ آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا: اگر تمہاری زندگی کچھ اور لمبی ہوئی تو تم دیکھو گے کہ ہودج میں ایک عورت اکیلی حیرہ سے سفر کرے گی اور ( مکہ پہنچ کر ) کعبہ کا طواف کرے گی اور اللہ کے سوا اسے کسی کا بھی خوف نہ ہو گا۔ میں نے ( حیرت سے ) اپنے دل میں کہا، پھر قبیلہ طے کے ان ڈاکوؤں کا کیا ہو گا جنہوں نے شہروں کو تباہ کر دیا ہے اور فساد کی آگ سلگا رکھی ہے۔ نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا: اگر تم کچھ اور دنوں تک زندہ رہے تو کسریٰ کے خزانے ( تم پر ) کھولے جائیں گے۔ میں ( حیرت میں ) بول پڑا کسریٰ بن ہرمز ( ایران کا بادشاہ ) کسریٰ؟ آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا: ہاں کسریٰ بن ہرمز! اور اگر تم کچھ دنوں تک اور زندہ رہے تو یہ بھی دیکھو گے کہ ایک شخص اپنے ہاتھ میں سونا چاندی بھر کر نکلے گا، اسے کسی ایسے آدمی کی تلاش ہو گی ( جو اس کی زکوٰۃ ) قبول کر لے لیکن اسے کوئی ایسا آدمی نہیں ملے گا جو اسے قبول کر لے۔ اللہ تعالیٰ سے ملاقات کا جو دن مقرر ہے اس وقت تم میں سے ہر کوئی اللہ سے اس حال میں ملاقات کرے گا کہ درمیان میں کوئی ترجمان نہ ہو گا ( بلکہ پروردگار اس سے بلاواسطہ باتیں کرے گا ) اللہ تعالیٰ اس سے دریافت کرے گا۔ کیا میں نے تمہارے پاس رسول نہیں بھیجے تھے جنہوں نے تم تک میرا پیغام پہنچا دیا ہو؟ وہ عرض کرے گا بیشک تو نے بھیجا تھا۔ اللہ تعالیٰ دریافت فرمائے گا کیا میں نے مال اور اولاد تمہیں نہیں دی تھی؟ کیا میں نے ان کے ذریعہ تمہیں فضیلت نہیں دی تھی؟ وہ جواب دے گا بیشک تو نے دیا تھا۔ پھر وہ اپنی داہنی طرف دیکھے گا تو سوا جہنم کے اسے اور کچھ نظر نہ آئے گا پھر وہ بائیں طرف دیکھے گا تو ادھر بھی جہنم کے سوا اور کچھ نظر نہیں آئے گا۔ عدی رضی اللہ عنہ نے بیان کیا کہ میں نے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے سنا، آپ فرما رہے تھے کہ جہنم سے ڈرو، اگرچہ کھجور کے ایک ٹکڑے کے ذریعہ ہو۔ اگر کسی کو کھجور کا ایک ٹکڑا بھی میسر نہ آ سکے تو ( کسی سے ) ایک اچھا کلمہ ہی کہہ دے۔ عدی رضی اللہ عنہ نے بیان کیا کہ میں نے ہودج میں بیٹھی ہوئی ایک اکیلی عورت کو تو خود دیکھ لیا کہ حیرہ سے سفر کے لیے نکلی اور ( مکہ پہنچ کر ) اس نے کعبہ کا طواف کیا اور اسے اللہ کے سوا اور کسی سے ( ڈاکو وغیرہ ) کا ( راستے میں ) خوف نہیں تھا اور مجاہدین کی اس جماعت میں تو میں خود شریک تھا جس نے کسریٰ بن ہرمز کے خزانے فتح کئے۔ اور اگر تم لوگ کچھ دنوں اور زندہ رہے تو وہ بھی دیکھ لو گے جو نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ ایک شخص اپنے ہاتھ میں ( زکوٰۃ کا سونا چاندی ) بھر کر نکلے گا ( لیکن اسے لینے والا کوئی نہیں ملے گا ) مجھ سے عبداللہ بن محمد نے بیان کیا، کہا ہم سے ابوعاصم نے بیان کیا، کہا ہم کو سعدان بن بشر نے خبر دی، ان سے ابومجاہد نے بیان کیا، ان سے محل بن خلیفہ نے بیان کیا، اور انہوں نے عدی رضی اللہ سنے سنا کہ میں نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی خدمت میں حاضر تھا، پھر یہی حدیث نقل کی جو اوپر مذکور ہوئی۔

Sahih al-Bukhari 61:103sahih

حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُجَاهِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحِلُّ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ، سَمِعْتُ عَدِيًّا، كُنْتُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏

Narrated `Adi:as above (i.e. Hadith No)

Sahih Muslim 11:12sahih

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَابْنُ، نُمَيْرٍ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ كُلُّهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ، عُيَيْنَةَ - قَالَ ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، - عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، قَالَ قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ لَمَّا مَاتَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ قُلْتُ غَرِيبٌ وَفِي أَرْضِ غُرْبَةٍ لأَبْكِيَنَّهُ بُكَاءً يُتَحَدَّثُ عَنْهُ ‏.‏ فَكُنْتُ قَدْ تَهَيَّأْتُ لِلْبُكَاءِ عَلَيْهِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الصَّعِيدِ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُسْعِدَنِي فَاسْتَقْبَلَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالَ ‏ "‏ أَتُرِيدِينَ أَنْ تُدْخِلِي الشَّيْطَانَ بَيْتًا أَخْرَجَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَكَفَفْتُ عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ فَلَمْ أَبْكِ ‏.‏

Umm Salama reported:When Abu Salama died I said: I am a stranger in a strange land; I shall weep for him in a manner that would be talked of. I made preparation for weeping for him when a woman from the upper side of the city came there who intended to help me (in weeping). She happened to come across the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he said: Do you intend to bring the devil into a house from which Allah has twice driven him out? I (Umm Salama), therefore, refrained from weeping and I did not weep

حضرت ام سلمہ رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہا نے فرمایا : جب ابو سلمہ رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ فوت ہوئے ، میں نے ( دل میں ) کہا : پردیسی ، پردیس میں ( فوت ہوگیا ) میں اس پر ایسا روؤں گی کہ اس کا خوب چرچا ہوگا ، چنانچہ میں نے اس پر رونے کی تیاری کرلی کہ اچانک بالائی علاقے سے ایک عورت آئی ، وہ ( رونے میں ) میرا ساتھ دینا چاہتی تھی کہ اسے سامنے سے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم مل گئےتو آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا؛ " کیا تم شیطان کو اس گھر میں ( دوبارہ ) داخل کرنا چاہتی ہو ۔ جہاں سے اللہ نے اس کو نکال دیا ہے؟ " دوبار ( آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے یہ کلمات کہے ) تو میں ر ونے سے رک گئی اور نہ روئی ۔

Sahih Muslim 11:133sahih

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، الأَسَدِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُعَلِّمُهُمْ إِذَا خَرَجُوا إِلَى الْمَقَابِرِ فَكَانَ قَائِلُهُمْ يَقُولُ - فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ - السَّلاَمُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدِّيَارِ - وَفِي رِوَايَةِ زُهَيْرٍ - السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الدِّيَارِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ وَإِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَلَاحِقُونَ أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ لَنَا وَلَكُمْ الْعَافِيَةَ

Sulaiman b. Buraida narrated on the authority of his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to teach them when they went out to the graveyard. One of the narrators used to say this in the narration transmitted on the authority of Abu Bakr:" Peace be upon the inhabitants of the city (i. e. graveyard)." In the hadith transmitted by Zuhair (the words are):" Peace be upon you, the inhabitants of the city, among the believers, and Muslims, and God willing we shall join you. I beg of Allah peace for us and for you

ابو بکر بن ابی شیبہ اور زہیر بن حرب نے کہا : ہمیں محمد بن عبد اللہ اسدی نے سفیان سے حدیث سنائی ، انھوں نے علقمہ بن مرثد سے ، انھوں نے سلیمان بن بریدہ سے اور انھوں نے ا پنے والد ( بریدہ اسلمی رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ ) سے روایت کی ، انھوں نے کہا : جب وہ قبرستان جاتے تو رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ان کو تعلیم دیا کرتے تھے تو ( سیکھنے کے بعد ) ان کا کہنے والا کہتا : ابو بکر کی روایت میں ہے : " سلامتی ہو مسلمانوں اور مومنوں کے ٹھکانوں میں رہنے والوں پر " اورزہیر کی روایت میں ہے؛ " مسلمانوں اور مومنوں کے ٹھکانے میں رہنے والو تم پر ۔ ۔ ۔ اور ہم ان شاء اللہ ضرور ( تمہارے ساتھ ) ملنے والے ہیں ، میں اللہ تعالیٰ سے اپنے اور تمھارے لئے عافیت مانگتا ہوں ۔

Sahih Muslim 21:24sahih

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ لاَ يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ زُهَيْرٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ نَهَى أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ‏

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported it directly from Allah's Apostle (ﷺ):The townsman'should not sell for a man from the desert (with a view to taking advantage of his ignorance of the market conditions of the city). And Zuhair reported from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he forbade the townsman to sell on behalf of the man from the desert

ابوبکر بن ابی شیبہ ، عمرو ناقد اور زُہَیر بن حرب نے کہا : ہمیں سفیان نے زہری سے حدیث بیان کی ، انہوں نے سعید بن مسیب سے اور انہوں نے حضرت ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ عنہ سے روایت کی ، وہ اس ( سند ) کو نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم تک پہنچاتے تھے ، آپ نے فرمایا : "" کوئی شہری کسی دیہاتی کے لیے بیع نہ کرے ۔ "" زہیر نے کہا : نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے روایت ہے کہ آپ نے اس بات سے منع فرمایا کہ کوئی شہری کسی دیہاتی کی طرف سے بیع کرے

Sahih Muslim 32:174sahih

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَابْنُ، بَشَّارٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ الْمُثَنَّى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ، بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ، خَرَجَ يَسْتَسْقِي بِالنَّاسِ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ اسْتَسْقَى قَالَ فَلَقِيتُ يَوْمَئِذٍ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ - وَقَالَ - لَيْسَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ غَيْرُ رَجُلٍ أَوْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ رَجُلٌ - قَالَ - فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَمْ غَزَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ فَقُلْتُ كَمْ غَزَوْتَ أَنْتَ مَعَهُ قَالَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ غَزْوَةً - قَالَ - فَقُلْتُ فَمَا أَوَّلُ غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا قَالَ ذَاتُ الْعُسَيْرِ أَوِ الْعُشَيْرِ ‏.‏

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Ishaq that 'Abdullah b. Yazid went (out of the city) with people for offering" Istisqa" ' prayer (for rainfall). He offered two rak'ahs. Then he prayed for rain. That day I met Zaid b. Arqam. There was only one man between me and him (at that time). I asked him:How many military expeditions did the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) undertake? He said: Nineteen expeditions. I asked him: On how many expeditions did you accompany him? He said: On seventeen expeditions. I asked: Which was the first expedition he led? He answered: Dhat-ul-, Usair or 'Ushair

شعبہ نے ہمیں ابواسحاق سے حدیث بیان کی کہ ( ابن زبیر رضی اللہ عنہ کی طرف سے کوفہ کے امیر ) عبداللہ بن یزید ( بن حصین ) لوگوں کے ساتھ بارش کی دعا مانگنے کے لیے نکلے تو انہوں نے دو رکعتیں پڑھیں ، پھر بارش کی دعا کی ۔ کہا : اس دن میری ملاقات حضرت زید بن ارقم رضی اللہ عنہ سے ہوئی ۔ کہا : میرے اور ان کے درمیان ایک آدمی کے سوا کوئی نہ تھا یا ( کہا : ) میرے اور ان کے درمیان ( بس ) ایک آدمی تھا تو میں نے ان سے پوچھا : رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے کتنی جنگیں کیں؟ انہوں نے کہا : انیس ( 19 ) ۔ تو میں نے پوچھا : آپ نے ان کے ساتھ کتنی جنگیں لڑیں؟ انہوں نے کہا : سترہ جنگیں ۔ میں نے پوچھا : آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کا سب سے پہلا غزوہ کون سا تھا؟ انہوں نے کہا : ذات العسیر یا ذات العشیر

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