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Divine Decree / Destiny

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Divine Decree / Destiny

الْقَضَاءُ وَالْقَدَر

The beautiful concept of *Al-Qada' wal-Qadar*, often translated as Divine Decree or Destiny, encapsulates the fundamental Islamic belief that Allah, in His infinite wisdom and knowledge, has ordained all things before they come into being. This profound theme emphasizes Allah's comprehensive knowledge and ultimate control over creation, meaning nothing happens outside His perfect plan. Every lifespan, every success, and every challenge is known to Him, from the grand cosmic movements to the smallest personal decisions. This belief teaches believers to trust in Allah's ultimate control and justice, finding solace in adversity and humility in prosperity. It encourages understanding that while we strive and [earn our share] through our choices, the ultimate outcome is in His hands. For instance, in moments of great challenge, Allah reminds us that [those decreed to be killed would have come out to their death beds], showing His overarching decree even amidst human effort. However, it also emphasizes accountability for our actions, as humans are still responsible for their choices within this divine framework. Accepting *Al-Qada' wal-Qadar* fosters patience, gratitude, and a deeper reliance on Allah, recognizing that [Allah is ever, of all things, Knowing] and His command is always accomplished.

The Islamic concept of Al-Qada' wal-Qadar, encompassing Divine Decree and Destiny, is a cornerstone of faith that asserts Allah's ultimate knowledge and control over all existence. This profound belief, interwoven throughout the Quran and Sunnah, shapes a Muslim's understanding of life's events, fostering patience, gratitude, and a deep reliance on the Creator. It defines human responsibility within a divinely ordained framework, encouraging active striving while acknowledging that all outcomes rest with Allah.

Foundations in Revelation: Allah's Omniscience and Omnipotence

The Quran repeatedly emphasizes Allah's absolute knowledge and power, which are foundational to the concept of divine decree. Allah is Ever All-Knowing, All-Wise and , affirming His comprehensive awareness of all thoughts, intentions, and hidden matters. This extends to the very fabric of creation, as to Him]. Tafsir Ibn Kathir elaborates on this, explaining that the "stated term" refers to the span of earthly life, while "another determined term" signifies the Hereafter, known only to Allah. This divine knowledge is so encompassing that not a leaf falls, but He knows it, and He knows whatever there is on the land and in the sea.

Allah's power is equally absolute, as He is the . His command is one of ultimate authority, where when He decrees a thing, He only says to it: "Be!" and it is. This creative power is manifested in the shaping of humanity, He it is Who shapes you in the wombs as He wills. Tafsir Ibn Kathir clarifies that this includes determining gender, appearance, and destiny, emphasizing that nothing escapes His power. The Quran reinforces that , demonstrating that even human choices operate within His overarching will.

The Inevitability of Divine Decree in Human Affairs

The Quran clearly states that all events, both good and challenging, occur by Allah's permission and decree. In times of conflict, such as the Battle of Uhud, believers are reminded that . Even if individuals sought to evade danger, . This truth serves to quell human anxiety and regret, as . Tafsir Ibn Kathir highlights that Allah instills such thoughts in disbelievers' hearts as a cause of regret, while simultaneously affirming that He is the one .

The span of life itself is predetermined; term], and ]. Disasters and misfortunes are likewise preordained, as . This comprehensive pre-ordination extends to the individual, as , fostering a sense of trust (tawakkul) in divine providence.

Free Will and Accountability within Decree

While Divine Decree is encompassing, Islam maintains the principle of human free will and accountability. The Quran states, , directly linking actions to consequences. Despite Allah's ultimate will, individuals are responsible for their choices. The concept of guidance and misguidance illustrates this delicate balance: . Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran notes that Allah's guidance is absolute power, but also highlights a Hadith stating, "There is no heart which is not there in between the two of Allah's fingers - He makes it firm on the truth as long as He wills, and turns it away from the truth when He wills". This implies a dynamic interaction between divine will and human inclination.

The verse further clarifies that human will is subordinate to Divine Will. However, this does not absolve individuals of responsibility. Instead, it underscores that human actions, whether good or evil, contribute to the outcomes ordained by Allah, as He makes them fall back . The purpose of life is a test, where individuals are to strive and make choices. As Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains, the adornment of worldly things is a test to see who among them acts best. This perspective encourages vigilance in one's deeds, acknowledging that one sin can lead to another, just as good deeds attract more good.

Scholarly Interpretations and Theological Nuances

Scholars have extensively delved into the intricacies of Al-Qada' wal-Qadar, clarifying its implications. Tafsir Ibn Kathir, in discussing the story of Zakariyya (peace be upon him) being blessed with a child in old age, highlights that Allah does what He wills and nothing is beyond His power. This understanding applies not only to grand cosmic events but also to the most personal aspects of human life, affirming Allah’s comprehensive wisdom and ability. The concept of "appointed term" (ajal) is vital, with scholars like Sa'id bin Jubayr and Ibn Abbas identifying two terms: one for individual death and another for the Day of Resurrection. The precise timing of the latter is known only to Allah, emphasizing the limits of human knowledge.

The balance between divine decree and human agency is a recurring theme in scholarly commentary. When discussing the defeat at Uhud, Tafsir Ibn Kathir explains that while the disaster occurred by the leave of Allah and was a means to test the believers, it also arose from yourselves due to the archers' disobedience. This highlights that divine decree often incorporates the consequences of human choices and actions. Furthermore, Allah's promises of victory and reward for the righteous are unwavering, as none can alter the Words of Allah. This divine assurance extends to the ultimate triumph of believers, as seen in the accounts of previous prophets who endured denial and harm until Allah's help reached them.

The Practical Impact on a Believer's Life

Belief in Al-Qada' wal-Qadar has profound implications for a Muslim's practical and spiritual life. It fosters deep trust in Allah, even when faced with adversity, as believers acknowledge that . This trust encourages patience, as shown by the prophetic narratives of the Companions facing trials. The hardships faced by the Muslims at Uhud were described as a test, not punishment, intended to distinguish true believers from hypocrites and to purify hearts.

This belief also encourages active engagement in good deeds and striving for righteousness. Although outcomes are ultimately in Allah's hands, individuals are responsible for their efforts. The concept of taqwa (fear of Allah) is presented as a fundamental virtue, ensuring that believers spend their wealth righteously, maintain sincerity, and enjoin good while forbidding evil. As indicated in the context of spending wealth, what loss have they if they had believed in Allah and in the Last Day, and they spend out of what Allah has given them for sustenance. The verse if you avoid the great sins which you are forbidden to do, We shall remit from you your (small) sins provides an incentive for moral uprightness, clarifying that avoiding major sins is key to the remission of minor ones.

Furthermore, the Quran urges believers to actively engage in Jihad (struggle in the way of Allah), even when facing overwhelming odds, understanding that victory comes from Allah. The example of the Prophet's persistence in inviting people to Islam despite their rejection, and the call to fight even if alone, highlights the importance of sustained effort and reliance on divine support.

Spiritual Significance and Ethical Conduct

The doctrine of Al-Qada' wal-Qadar cultivates a unique spiritual disposition. It teaches humility, reminding believers that all blessings are from Allah, and envy for others' worldly advantages is discouraged: . Instead, one should . Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains that striving to excel in good deeds is encouraged, as these are within human control and bring reward. However, coveting unacquirable qualities like beauty or lineage is deemed futile and potentially sinful.

The belief in divine decree also reinforces ethical conduct, particularly in areas like financial dealings and justice. The Quran strictly prohibits consuming others' property by false means, condemning theft, bribery, and fraudulent transactions. It also emphasizes the importance of amanah (trusts), asserting that offices of authority are divine trusts that must be entrusted to the capable and deserving. Such practices ensure a just and harmonious society, reflecting Allah’s justice and wisdom. The Quran's emphasis on justice in all dealings, even with non-Muslims, is absolute, as when you judge between people, judge with fairness.

The Prophet's Sunnah provides practical models for living this belief. His advice to "Ask Allah for your well-being" but to be patient if encountering an enemy, knowing that "Paradise is under the shade of swords" (Bukhari, Muslim), demonstrates the ideal balance of proactive effort and patient acceptance. The narrative of `Amr bin Al-`As performing Tayammum due to fear of death from cold, and the Prophet's approval, illustrates that divine commands are accompanied by mercy and ease, adapting to human limitations while upholding core principles.

In essence, Al-Qada' wal-Qadar is not an invitation to fatalism but a call to profound faith and responsible action. It reminds humanity that every breath, every event, and every outcome is part of a grand divine plan, overseen by Allah, the All-Knowing and All-Wise. This understanding instills peace in the heart of the believer, knowing that ultimate justice and mercy prevail, encouraging them to live a life of sincere worship, righteous deeds, and unwavering trust in their Creator.

Quran — 87 verses

ثُمَّ أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْغَمِّ أَمَنَةً نُّعَاسًا يَغْشَىٰ طَآئِفَةً مِّنكُمْ وَطَآئِفَةٌ قَدْ أَهَمَّتْهُمْ أَنفُسُهُمْ يَظُنُّونَ بِٱللَّهِ غَيْرَ ٱلْحَقِّ ظَنَّ ٱلْجَٰهِلِيَّةِ يَقُولُونَ هَل لَّنَا مِنَ ٱلْأَمْرِ مِن شَىْءٍ قُلْ إِنَّ ٱلْأَمْرَ كُلَّهُۥ لِلَّهِ يُخْفُونَ فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِم مَّا لَا يُبْدُونَ لَكَ يَقُولُونَ لَوْ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ ٱلْأَمْرِ شَىْءٌ مَّا قُتِلْنَا هَٰهُنَا قُل لَّوْ كُنتُمْ فِى بُيُوتِكُمْ لَبَرَزَ ٱلَّذِينَ كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقَتْلُ إِلَىٰ مَضَاجِعِهِمْ وَلِيَبْتَلِىَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فِى صُدُورِكُمْ وَلِيُمَحِّصَ مَا فِى قُلُوبِكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ

Summa anzala 'alaikum mim ba'dil ghammi amanatan nu'aasai yaghshaa taaa' ifatam minkum wa taaa'ifatun qad ahammathum anfusuhum yazunnoona billaahi ghairal haqqi zannal jaahiliyyati yaqooloona hal lanaa minal amri min shai'; qul innal amra kullahoo lillaah; yukhfoona fee anfusihim maa laa yubdoona laka yaqooloona law kaana lanaa minal amri shai'ummaa qutilnaa haahunaa; qul law kuntum fee buyootikum labarazal lazeena kutiba 'alaihimul qatlu ilaa madaaji'ihim wa liyabtaliyal laahu maa fee sudoorikum wa liyumah hisa maa fee quloobikum; wallaahu 'aleemum bizaatis sudoor

Then after distress, He sent down upon you security [in the form of] drowsiness, overcoming a faction of you, while another faction worried about themselves, thinking of Allah other than the truth - the thought of ignorance, saying, "Is there anything for us [to have done] in this matter?" Say, "Indeed, the matter belongs completely to Allah." They conceal within themselves what they will not reveal to you. They say, "If there was anything we could have done in the matter, some of us would not have been killed right here." Say, "Even if you had been inside your houses, those decreed to be killed would have come out to their death beds." [It was] so that Allah might test what is in your breasts and purify what is in your hearts. And Allah is Knowing of that within the breasts.

پھر خدا نے غم ورنج کے بعد تم پر تسلی نازل فرمائی (یعنی) نیند کہ تم میں سے ایک جماعت پر طاری ہو گئی اور کچھ لوگ جن کو جان کے لالے پڑ رہے تھے خدا کے بارے میں ناحق (ایام) کفر کے سے گمان کرتے تھے اور کہتے تھے بھلا ہمارے اختیار کی کچھ بات ہے؟ تم کہہ دو کہ بےشک سب باتیں خدا ہی کے اختیار میں ہیں یہ لوگ (بہت سی باتیں) دلوں میں مخفی رکھتے ہیں جو تم پر ظاہر نہیں کرتے تھے کہتے تھے کہ ہمارے بس کی بات ہوتی تو ہم یہاں قتل ہی نہ کیے جاتے کہہ دو کہ اگر تم اپنے گھروں میں بھی ہوتے تو جن کی تقدیر میں مارا جانا لکھا تھا وہ اپنی اپنی قتل گاہوں کی طرف ضرور نکل آتے اس سے غرض یہ تھی کہ خدا تمہارے سینوں کی باتوں کو آزمائے اور جو کچھ تمہارے دلوں میں ہے اس کو خالص اور صاف کر دے اور خدا دلوں کی باتوں سے خوب واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Hardships at Uhud: A Test, not Punishment : The noble Companions as evident from: وَلِيَبْتَلِيَ اللَّـهُ مَا فِي صُدُورِ‌كُمْ (154), were actually tested through their sufferings at the battle of Uhud. This was no punishment. The objective was to make true and sincere Muslims distinct from the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Then He sent down upon you after grief security — a slumber nu‘āsan ‘slumber’ substitutes for amanatan ‘security’ overcoming yaghshā or taghshā a party of you namely the believers. They would become dizzy under their shields and their swords would fall from their hands; and a party whose own souls d...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Slumber Overcame the Believers; the Fear that the Hypocrites Suffered Allah reminds His servants of His favor when He sent down on them tranquillity and slumber that overcame them while they were carrying their weapons and feeling distress and grief. In this case, slumber is a favor and carries mean...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ وَقَالُوا۟ لِإِخْوَٰنِهِمْ إِذَا ضَرَبُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ أَوْ كَانُوا۟ غُزًّى لَّوْ كَانُوا۟ عِندَنَا مَا مَاتُوا۟ وَمَا قُتِلُوا۟ لِيَجْعَلَ ٱللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ حَسْرَةً فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَٱللَّهُ يُحْىِۦ وَيُمِيتُ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ

Yaaa ayyuhul lazeena aamanoo laa takoonoo kallazeena kafaroo wa qaaloo li ikhwaanihim izaa daraboo fil ardi aw kaanoo ghuzzal law kaanoo 'indanaa maa maatoo wa maa qutiloo liyaj'alal laahu zaalika hasratan fee quloobihim; qallaahu yuhyee wa yumeet; wallaahu bimaa ta'maloona Baseer

O you who have believed, do not be like those who disbelieved and said about their brothers when they traveled through the land or went out to fight, "If they had been with us, they would not have died or have been killed," so Allah makes that [misconception] a regret within their hearts. And it is Allah who gives life and causes death, and Allah is Seeing of what you do.

مومنو! ان لوگوں جیسے نہ ہونا جو کفر کرتے ہیں اور ان کے (مسلمان) بھائی جب (خدا کی راہ میں) سفر کریں (اور مر جائیں) یا جہاد کو نکلیں (اور مارے جائیں) تو ان کی نسبت کہتے ہیں کہ اگر وہ ہمارے پاس رہتے تو نہ مرتے اور نہ مارے جاتے۔ ان باتوں سے مقصود یہ ہے کہ خدا ان لوگوں کے دلوں میں افسوس پیدا کر دے اور زندگی اور موت تو خدا ہی دیتا ہے اور خدا تمہارے سب کاموں کو دیکھ رہا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The saying of the hypocrites in verse 156 here is an extension of what was cited in verse 154 earlier: لَوْ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ‌ شَيْءٌ مَّا قُتِلْنَا هَاهُنَا :"If we had any say in the matter, we would have not been killed here." Since there were chances that sincere Muslims may be affected...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe be not as the disbelievers that is as the hypocrites who say of their brothers that is regarding their affair when they travel in the land and then die or are on raiding campaigns ghuzzan ‘a raiding party’ is the plural of ghāzin and are then slain ‘Had they been with us they would...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibiting the Ideas of the Disbeleivers about Death and Predestination Allah forbids His believing servants from the disbelievers' false creed, seen in their statement about those who died in battle and during travel; "Had they abandoned these trips, they would not have met their demise." Allah sa...

وَمَآ أَصَٰبَكُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْتَقَى ٱلْجَمْعَانِ فَبِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Wa maa asaabakum yawmal taqal jam'aani fabiiznil laahi wa liya'lamal mu'mineen

And what struck you on the day the two armies met was by permission of Allah that He might make evident the [true] believers.

اور جو مصیبت تم پر دونوں جماعتوں کے مقابلے کے دن واقع ہوئی سو خدا کے حکم سے (واقع ہوئی) اور (اس سے) یہ مقصود تھا کہ خدا مومنوں کو اچھی طرح معلوم

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Immediately later, in verse 166, the words fa bi idhnillahi: فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّـه indicate that whatever happened there was with the leave and will of Allah Almighty operating behind which are many wise divine arrangements, some of them having been explained earlier. One such wise arrangement is that ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And what afflicted you the day the two hosts encountered at Uhud was by God’s leave by His will and that He might know through knowledge manifested outwardly the true believers.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reason and Wisdom Behind the Defeat at Uhud Allah said, أَوَ لَمَّا أَصَـبَتْكُمْ مُّصِيبَةٌ (When a single disaster smites you), in reference to when the Muslims suffered seventy fatalities during the battle of Uhud, قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِّثْلَيْهَا (although you smote (your enemies) with one twice...

ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوا۟ لِإِخْوَٰنِهِمْ وَقَعَدُوا۟ لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا۟ قُلْ فَٱدْرَءُوا۟ عَنْ أَنفُسِكُمُ ٱلْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ

Allazeena qaaloo liikhwaanihim wa qa'adoo law ataa'oonaa maa qutiloo; qul fadra'oo'an anfusikumul mawta in kuntum saadiqeen

Those who said about their brothers while sitting [at home], "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed." Say, "Then prevent death from yourselves, if you should be truthful."

یہ خود تو (جنگ سے بچ کر) بیٹھ ہی رہے تھے مگر (جنہوں نے راہ خدا میں جانیں قربان کردیں) اپنے (ان) بھائیوں کے بارے میں بھی کہتے ہیں کہ اگر ہمارا کہا مانتے تو قتل نہ ہوتے۔ کہہ دو کہ اگر سچے ہو تو اپنے اوپر سے موت کو ٹال دینا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Immediately later, in verse 166, the words fa bi idhnillahi: فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّـه indicate that whatever happened there was with the leave and will of Allah Almighty operating behind which are many wise divine arrangements, some of them having been explained earlier. One such wise arrangement is that ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those who alladhīna substitutes for the previous alladhīna or constitutes an adjectival qualification of it said to their brothers in religion whilst they themselves had stayed put refraining from joining the struggle ‘Had they the martyrs at Uhud or those who stayed put with us obeyed us they would...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reason and Wisdom Behind the Defeat at Uhud Allah said, أَوَ لَمَّا أَصَـبَتْكُمْ مُّصِيبَةٌ (When a single disaster smites you), in reference to when the Muslims suffered seventy fatalities during the battle of Uhud, قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِّثْلَيْهَا (although you smote (your enemies) with one twice...

وَلَا تَتَمَنَّوْا۟ مَا فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦ بَعْضَكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا ٱكْتَسَبُوا۟ وَلِلنِّسَآءِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا ٱكْتَسَبْنَ وَسْـَٔلُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مِن فَضْلِهِۦٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمًا

Wa laa tatamannaw maa faddalal laahu bihee ba'dakum 'alaa ba'd; lirrijaali naseebum mimak tasaboo wa linnisaaa'i naseebum mimmak tasabna; was'alullaaha min fadlih; innal laaha kaana bikulli shai'in 'Aleemaa

And do not wish for that by which Allah has made some of you exceed others. For men is a share of what they have earned, and for women is a share of what they have earned. And ask Allah of his bounty. Indeed Allah is ever, of all things, Knowing.

اور جس چیز میں خدا نے تم میں سے بعض کو بعض پر فضیلت دی ہے اس کی ہوس مت کرو مردوں کو ان کاموں کا ثواب ہے جو انہوں نے کئے اور عورتوں کو ان کاموں کا ثواب ہے جو انہوں نے کئے اور خدا سے اس کا فضل (وکرم) مانگتے رہو کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا ہر چیز سے واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the injunctions of inheritance appearing previously, it was mentioned that, given the conditions, for a male there is a share equal to that of two females. There are other proved aspects of male precedence as well. So, Sayyidah Umm Salmah رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہا once said to the Holy Prophet ﷺ Our s...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Do not covet that in which God has preferred some of you above others in the way of worldly affairs or religion lest it lead to mutual envy and hatred. To men a share from a reward for what they have earned for their acts in the struggle and so on and to women a share from what they have earned by w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Do Not Wish for the Things Which Allah has Made Some Others to Excel In Imam Ahmad recorded that Umm Salamah said, "O Messenger of Allah! Men go to battle, but we do not go to battle, and we earn one-half of the inheritance (that men get)." Allah sent down, وَلاَ تَتَمَنَّوْاْ مَا فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ بِ...

وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ ٱقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ أَوِ ٱخْرُجُوا۟ مِن دِيَٰرِكُم مَّا فَعَلُوهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ مِّنْهُمْ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ فَعَلُوا۟ مَا يُوعَظُونَ بِهِۦ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ تَثْبِيتًا

Wa law annaa katabnaa 'alaihim aniq tulooo anfusakum awikh rujoo min diyaarikum maa fa'aloohu illaa qaleelum minhum wa law annahum fa'aloo maa yoo'azoona bihee lakaana khairal lahum wa ashadda tasbeetaa

And if We had decreed upon them, "Kill yourselves" or "Leave your homes," they would not have done it, except for a few of them. But if they had done what they were instructed, it would have been better for them and a firmer position [for them in faith].

اور اگر ہم انہیں حکم دیتے کہ اپنے آپ کو قتل کر ڈالو یا اپنے گھر چھوڑ کر نکل جاؤ تو ان میں سے تھوڑے ہی ایسا کرتے اور اگر یہ اس نصیحت پر کاربند ہوتے جو ان کو کی جاتی ہے تو ان کے حق میں بہتر اور (دین میں) زیادہ ثابت قدمی کا موجب ہوتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The present verses and those appearing immediately earlier were revealed in the background of an incident relating to Bishr, the hypocrite. As we already know, he had first proposed Ka'b Ibn Ashraf, the Jew as the adjudicator of his dispute, but, later on, mutual discussions forced him to go to the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And had We prescribed for them the particle an ‘that’ is explicative ‘Slay yourselves’ or ‘Leave your habitations’ as We did for the Children of Israel they would not have done it that is what has been prescribed for them save a few read nominative qalīlun as a substitution; or read accusative qalīl...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Most People Disobey What They Are Ordered Allah states that even if the people were commanded to commit what they were prohibited from doing, most of them would not submit to this command, for their wicked nature is such that they dispute orders. Allah has complete knowledge of what has not occured,...

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ كُفُّوٓا۟ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُوا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقِتَالُ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُمْ يَخْشَوْنَ ٱلنَّاسَ كَخَشْيَةِ ٱللَّهِ أَوْ أَشَدَّ خَشْيَةً وَقَالُوا۟ رَبَّنَا لِمَ كَتَبْتَ عَلَيْنَا ٱلْقِتَالَ لَوْلَآ أَخَّرْتَنَآ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ قَرِيبٍ قُلْ مَتَٰعُ ٱلدُّنْيَا قَلِيلٌ وَٱلْـَٔاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لِّمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ فَتِيلًا

Alam tara ilal lazeena qeela lahum kuffooo aidiyakum wa aqeemus Salaata w aaatuz Zakaata falammaa kutiba 'alaihimul qitaalu izaa fareequm minhum yakhshawnnan naasa kakhashyatil laahi aw ashadda khashyah; wa qaaloo Rabbanaa lima katabta 'alainal qitaala law laaa akhkhartanaa ilaaa ajalin qareeb; qul mataa'ud dunyaa qaleelunw wal Aakhiratu khairul limanit taqaa wa laa tuzlamoona fateelaa

Have you not seen those who were told, "Restrain your hands [from fighting] and establish prayer and give zakah"? But then when fighting was ordained for them, at once a party of them feared men as they fear Allah or with [even] greater fear. They said, "Our Lord, why have You decreed upon us fighting? If only You had postponed [it for] us for a short time." Say, The enjoyment of this world is little, and the Hereafter is better for he who fears Allah. And injustice will not be done to you, [even] as much as a thread [inside a date seed]."

بھلا تم نے ان لوگوں کو نہیں دیکھا جن کو (پہلے یہ) حکم دیا گیا تھا کہ اپنے ہاتھوں کو (جنگ سے) روکے رہو اور نماز پڑھتے رہو اور زکوٰة دیتے رہو پھر جب ان پر جہاد فرض کردیا گیا تو بعض لوگ ان میں سے لوگوں سے یوں ڈرنے لگے جیسے خدا سے ڈرا کرتے ہیں بلکہ اس سے بھی زیادہ اور بڑبڑانے لگے کہ اے خدا تو نے ہم پر جہاد (جلد) کیوں فرض کردیا تھوڑی مدت اور ہمیں کیوں مہلت نہ دی (اے پیغمبر ان س) ے کہہ دو کہ دنیا کا فائدہ بہت تھوڑا ہے اور بہت اچھی چیز تو پرہیزگار کے لئے (نجات) آخرت ہے اور تم پر دھاگے برابر بھی ظلم نہیں کیا جائے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The Background of Revelation Verse 77 beginning with the words: أَلَمْ تَرَ‌ إِلَى الَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ كُفُّوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ (Have you not seen those to whom it was said, "Hold your hands { from fighting)...) was revealed in a particular background. Before their migration from Makkah, M...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have you not seen those to whom it was said ‘Restrain your hands from fighting the disbelievers when they desired it at Mecca because of the harm the disbelievers had inflicted upon them — and these were a group from among the Companions — and establish the prayer and pay the alms’? Then as soon as ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Wish that the Order for Jihad be Delayed In the beginning of Islam, Muslims in Makkah were commanded to perform the prayer and pay some charity, so as to comfort the poor among them. They were also commanded to be forgiving and forbearing with the idolators and to observe patience with them at t...

فَمَا لَكُمْ فِى ٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ وَٱللَّهُ أَرْكَسَهُم بِمَا كَسَبُوٓا۟ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَهْدُوا۟ مَنْ أَضَلَّ ٱللَّهُ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ سَبِيلًا

Famaa lakum filmuna afiqeena fi'ataini wallaahu arkasahum bimaa kasaboo; atureedoona an tahdoo man adallal laahu wa mmai yudlilil laahu falan tajida lahoo sabeelaa

What is [the matter] with you [that you are] two groups concerning the hypocrites, while Allah has made them fall back [into error and disbelief] for what they earned. Do you wish to guide those whom Allah has sent astray? And he whom Allah sends astray - never will you find for him a way [of guidance].

تو کیا سبب ہے کہ تم منافقوں کے بارے میں دو گروہ ہو رہے ہو حالانکہ خدا نے ان کو ان کے کرتوتوں کے سبب اوندھا کردیا ہے کیا تم چاہتے ہو کہ جس شخص کو خدا نے گمراہ کردیا ہے اس کو رستے پر لے آؤ اور جس شخص کو خدا گمراہ کردے تو اس کے لئے کبھی بھی رستہ نہیں پاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The verses quoted above describe three groups of people about whom two injunctions have been given. The following narrations clarify events surrounding these groups: 1. ` Abdullah ibn Hamid has narrated from Mujahid that some disbelievers of Makkah came to Madinah. They pretended to have ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When a group retreated from Uhud people were at variance over their status. Some said ‘Let us slay them’ while others said ‘No!’ So the following was revealed What is wrong with you what is the matter with you that you have become two parties two groups regarding the hypocrites when God has overthro...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Censuring the Companions for Disagreeing over the Hypocrites who Returned to Al-Madinah Before Uhud Allah criticizes the believers for disagreeing over the hypocrites. There are conflicting opinions over the reason behind revealing this Ayah. Imam Ahmad recorded that Zayd bin Thabit said that Messen...

هُوَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَكُم مِّن طِينٍ ثُمَّ قَضَىٰٓ أَجَلًا وَأَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى عِندَهُۥ ثُمَّ أَنتُمْ تَمْتَرُونَ

Huwal lazee khalaqakum min teenin summa qadaaa ajalanw wa ajalum musamman 'indahoo summa antum tamtaroon

It is He who created you from clay and then decreed a term and a specified time [known] to Him; then [still] you are in dispute.

وہی تو ہے جس نے تم کو مٹی سے پیدا کیا پھر (مرنے کا) ایک وقت مقرر کر دیا اور ایک مدت اس کے ہاں اور مقرر ہے پھر بھی تم (اے کافرو خدا کے بارے میں) شک کرتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the first verse, by saying that all those great bodies of things in this big universe created by Allah Ta` ala on Whom they depend, an open and correct lesson has been given to all human beings. After that, in other verses which follow, human beings have been told that their very own being is a s...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: It is He Who created you from clay by creating your father Adam from it; then He decreed a term for each of you at the conclusion of which you die. A term is stated fixed with Him for your resurrection; yet thereafter you O disbelievers doubt you are uncertain about the Resurrection when you know th...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtue of Surat Al-An`am and When it Was Revealed Al-`Awfi, `Ikrimah and `Ata' said that Ibn `Abbas said, "Surat Al-An`am was revealed in Makkah" At-Tabarani recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "All of Surat Al-An`am was revealed in Makkah at night, accompanied by seventy...

لِّكُلِّ نَبَإٍ مُّسْتَقَرٌّ وَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

Likulli naba im mustaqar runw wa sawfa ta'lamoon

For every happening is a finality; and you are going to know.

ہر خبر کے لئے ایک وقت مقرر ہے اور تم کو عنقریب معلوم ہوجائے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the second verse (66), after mentioning the anti-truth stand taken by the Quraysh of Makkah, the Holy Prophet ﷺ also from the same tribe, has been instructed that he should tell those people asking about the precise time when the promised punishment will come that he has not been appointed to do ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Every tiding every announcement has a conclusion a fixed time in which it will take place and be concluded including the tiding concerning your punishment. And you will come to know’ — this is a threat for them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Invitation to the Truth is Guidance Without Coercion Allah said, وَكَذَّبَ بِهِ (But have denied it) denied the Qur'an, guidance and clear explanation that you (O Muhammad ) have brought them, قَوْمُكَ (your people) meaning, Quraysh, وَهُوَ الْحَقُّ (though it is the truth.) beyond which there i...

وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَآ أَشْرَكُوا۟ وَمَا جَعَلْنَٰكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَفِيظًا وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيْهِم بِوَكِيلٍ

Wa law shaaa'al laahu maaa ashrakoo; wa maa ja'alnaaka 'alaihim hafeezanw wa maaa anta 'alaihim biwakeel

But if Allah had willed, they would not have associated. And We have not appointed you over them as a guardian, nor are you a manager over them.

اور اگر خدا چاہتا تو یہ لوگ شرک نہ کرتے۔ اور (اے پیغمبر!) ہم نے تم کو ان پر نگہبان مقرر نہیں کیا۔ اور نہ تم ان کے داروغہ ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The reason for this has been given in the fifth verse (107). There it has been said: If Allah Ta` ala had willed - in consideration of His own creational imperative - that the whole human race should become Muslim in faith, then, it would have become impossible for them to associate partners in the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Had God willed they would not have been idolaters; and We have not set you as a keeper over them a watcher so that you might then requite them for their deeds; nor are you a guardian over them so that you might be able to coerce them to faith — this was revealed before the command to fight them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to Follow the Revelation Allah commands His Messenger and those who followed his path, اتَّبِعْ مَآ أُوحِىَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ (Follow what has been inspired to you from your Lord,) meaning, follow it, obey it and act according to it. What has been revealed to you from your Lord is th...

وَلَوْ أَنَّنَا نَزَّلْنَآ إِلَيْهِمُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ وَكَلَّمَهُمُ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ وَحَشَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ قُبُلًا مَّا كَانُوا۟ لِيُؤْمِنُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ يَجْهَلُونَ

Wa law annanaa nazzal naaa ilaihimul malaaa'ikata wa kallamahumul mawtaa wa hasharnaa 'alaihim kulla shai'in qubulam maa kaanoo liyu'minooo illaaa ai yashaaa'al laahu wa laakinna aksarahum yajhaloon

And even if We had sent down to them the angels [with the message] and the dead spoke to them [of it] and We gathered together every [created] thing in front of them, they would not believe unless Allah should will. But most of them, [of that], are ignorant.

اور اگر ہم ان پر فرشتے بھی اتار دیتے اور مردے بھی ان سے گفتگو کرنے لگتے اور ہم سب چیزوں کو ان کے سامنے لا موجود بھی کر دیتے تو بھی یہ ایمان لانے والے نہ تھے اِلّا ماشائالله بات یہ ہے کہ یہ اکثر نادان ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: On Signs and Miracles The previous verses had mentioned how obstinate people failed to benefit from clear signs of Allah and open miracles of His Messenger and kept on denying the message of truth. The present verses mention how they took a new turn, and demanded particular miracles from the Holy Pr...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if We had sent down the angels to them and the dead had spoken with them as they have requested and We had gathered against them all things in droves read qubulan plural of qabīl meaning ‘throng upon throng’ or read qibalan meaning ‘before their very eyes’ and they were witness to your truthfuln...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): أَوْ تَأْتِىَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْمَلَـئِكَةِ قَبِيلاً (or you bring Allah and the angels before (us) face to face.) 17:92 قَالُواْ لَن نُّؤْمِنَ حَتَّى نُؤْتَى مِثْلَ مَآ أُوتِىَ رُسُلُ اللَّهِ (They said: "We shall not believe until we receive the like of that which the Messengers of Allah had received...

وَكَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٍ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ قَتْلَ أَوْلَٰدِهِمْ شُرَكَآؤُهُمْ لِيُرْدُوهُمْ وَلِيَلْبِسُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ دِينَهُمْ وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فَعَلُوهُ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ

Wa kazaalika zaiyana likaseerim minal mushrikeena qatla awlaadihim shurakaaa'uhum liyurdoohum wa liyalbisoo 'alaihim deenahum wa law shaaa'al laahu maa fa'aloohu fazarhum wa maa yaftaroon

And likewise, to many of the polytheists their partners have made [to seem] pleasing the killing of their children in order to bring about their destruction and to cover them with confusion in their religion. And if Allah had willed, they would not have done so. So leave them and that which they invent.

اسی طرح بہت سے مشرکوں کو ان کے شریکوں نے ان کے بچوں کو جان سے مار ڈالنا اچھا کر دکھایا ہے تاکہ انہیں ہلاکت میں ڈال دیں اور ان کے دین کو ان پر خلط ملط کر دیں اور اگر خدا چاہتا تو وہ ایسا نہ کرتے تو ان کو چھوڑ دو کہ وہ جانیں اور ان کا جھوٹ

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Linkage of Verses Described in the previous verses were false beliefs of the mushriks of Arabia while the present verses recount their practical errors and ignorant customs. The customs of Jahiliyyah mentioned in these verses are: (1) They took out a portion in the name of Allah from grains and frui...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And thus in the same way that what is mentioned was adorned for them those associates of theirs from among the jinn have adorned for many of the idolaters the slaying of their children by burying them alive shurakā’uhum ‘those associates of theirs’ is read in the nominative as the subject of the ver...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Shaytan Lured the Idolators to Kill Their Children Allah says, just as the Shayatin lured the idolators to assign a share for Allah from what He created of agriculture and cattle - and a share for the idols, they also made it seem fair for them to kill their children, for fear of poverty, and buryin...

سَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا۟ لَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَآ أَشْرَكْنَا وَلَآ ءَابَآؤُنَا وَلَا حَرَّمْنَا مِن شَىْءٍ كَذَٰلِكَ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ ذَاقُوا۟ بَأْسَنَا قُلْ هَلْ عِندَكُم مِّنْ عِلْمٍ فَتُخْرِجُوهُ لَنَآ إِن تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَإِنْ أَنتُمْ إِلَّا تَخْرُصُونَ

Sayaqoolul lazeena ashrakoo law shaaa'al laahu maaa ashraknaa wa laaa aabaa'unaa wa laa harramnaa min shai'; kazaalika kazzabal lazeena min qablihim hattaa zaaqoo baasanaa; qul hal 'indakum min 'ilmin fatukh rijoohu lanaa in tattabi'oona illaz zanna wa in antum illaa takhhrusoon

Those who associated with Allah will say, "If Allah had willed, we would not have associated [anything] and neither would our fathers, nor would we have prohibited anything." Likewise did those before deny until they tasted Our punishment. Say, "Do you have any knowledge that you can produce for us? You follow not except assumption, and you are not but falsifying."

جو لوگ شرک کرتے ہیں وہ کہیں گے کہ اگر خدا چاہتا تو ہم شرک نہ کرتے اور نہ ہمارے باپ دادا (شرک کرتے) اور نہ ہم کسی چیز کو حرام ٹھہراتے اسی طرح ان لوگوں نے تکذیب کی تھی جو ان سے پہلے تھے یہاں تک کہ ہمارے عذاب کا مزہ چکھ کر رہے کہہ دو کیا تمہارے پاس کوئی سند ہے (اگر ہے) تو اسے ہمارے سامنے نکالو تم محض خیال کے پیچھے چلتے اور اٹکل کی تیر چلاتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Mentioned in the previous verses was how astray the disbelievers of Makkah had gone when they had taken their self-carved, lifeless, insensate idols as partners in the Divinity of Allah as they made them share in animals created by Him and in many other blessings which were bestowed on th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The idolaters will say ‘Had God willed we would not have been idolaters neither we nor our fathers nor would we have forbidden anything’ in other words our idolatry and our forbidding of things are by His will and so He must be satisfied with it. God exalted be He says So in the same way that these ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): A False Notion and its Rebuttal Here Allah mentioned a debate with the idolators, refuting a false notion they have over their Shirk and the things that they prohibited. They said, surely, Allah has full knowledge of the Shirk we indulge in, and that we forbid some kinds of wealth. Allah is able to ...

قُلْ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلْحُجَّةُ ٱلْبَٰلِغَةُ فَلَوْ شَآءَ لَهَدَىٰكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

Qul falillaahil hujjatul baalighatu falaw shaaa'a lahadaakum ajma'een

Say, "With Allah is the far-reaching argument. If He had willed, He would have guided you all."

کہہ دو کہ خدا ہی کی حجت غالب ہے اگر وہ چاہتا تو تم سب کو ہدایت دے دیتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Mentioned in the previous verses was how astray the disbelievers of Makkah had gone when they had taken their self-carved, lifeless, insensate idols as partners in the Divinity of Allah as they made them share in animals created by Him and in many other blessings which were bestowed on th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say if you have no definitive argument then ‘To God belongs the conclusive argument the perfect one for had He willed to guide you He could have guided all of you’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): A False Notion and its Rebuttal Here Allah mentioned a debate with the idolators, refuting a false notion they have over their Shirk and the things that they prohibited. They said, surely, Allah has full knowledge of the Shirk we indulge in, and that we forbid some kinds of wealth. Allah is able to ...

وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌ فَإِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ

Wa likulli ummatin ajalun fa izaa jaaa'a ajaluhum laa yastaakhiroona saa'atanw wa laa yastaqdimoon

And for every nation is a [specified] term. So when their time has come, they will not remain behind an hour, nor will they precede [it].

اور ہر ایک فرقے کے لیے (موت کا) ایک وقت مقرر ہے۔ جب وہ آ جاتا ہے تو نہ تو ایک گھڑی دیر کرسکتے ہیں نہ جلدی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The first and the second verse both mentioned two crimes committed by disbelievers. They took Halal as Haram and made the Haram become Halal for themselves by themselves. The third verse (34) describes their sad end and the punishment they would have in the Hereafter. It was said: وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Every community has a term a finite period of time. When their term comes they shall not delay it a single hour nor bring it forward.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ (And every Ummah has), meaning, each generation and nation, أَجَلٌ فَإِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمْ (its appointed term; when their term comes) which they were destined for, لاَ يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلاَ يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ (neither can they delay it nor can they advance it an hour (or a m...

فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ ٱفْتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِـَٔايَٰتِهِۦٓ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ يَنَالُهُمْ نَصِيبُهُم مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا يَتَوَفَّوْنَهُمْ قَالُوٓا۟ أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ قَالُوا۟ ضَلُّوا۟ عَنَّا وَشَهِدُوا۟ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ كَٰفِرِينَ

Faman azlamu mimmanif taraa 'alal laahi kaziban aw kazzaba bi Aayaatih; ulaaa'ika yanaaluhum naseebuhum minal Kitaab; hataaa izaa jaaa'at hum rusulunaa yatawaf fawnahum qaalooo aina maa kuntum tad'oonaa min doonil laahi qaaloo dalloo 'annaa wa shahidoo 'alaaa anfusihim annahum kaanoo kaafieen

And who is more unjust than one who invents about Allah a lie or denies His verses? Those will attain their portion of the decree until when Our messengers come to them to take them in death, they will say, "Where are those you used to invoke besides Allah?" They will say, "They have departed from us," and will bear witness against themselves that they were disbelievers.

تو اس سے زیادہ ظالم کون ہے جو خدا پر جھوٹ باندھے یا اس کی آیتوں کو جھٹلائے۔ ان کو ان کے نصیب کا لکھا ملتا ہی رہے گا یہاں تک کہ جب ان کے پاس ہمارے بھیجے ہوئے (فرشتے) جان نکالنے آئیں گے تو کہیں گے کہ جن کو تم خدا کے سوا پکارا کرتے تھے وہ (اب) کہاں ہیں؟ وہ کہیں گے (معلوم نہیں) کہ وہ ہم سے (کہاں) غائب ہوگئے اور اقرار کریں گے کہ بےشک وہ کافر تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The first and the second verse both mentioned two crimes committed by disbelievers. They took Halal as Haram and made the Haram become Halal for themselves by themselves. The third verse (34) describes their sad end and the punishment they would have in the Hereafter. It was said: وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And who — that is none — does greater evil than he who invents a lie against God by ascribing to Him a partner or a child or denies His signs? the Qur’ān. Those — their portion their lot of the Scripture of what has been inscribed as theirs in the Preserved Tablet al-lawh al-mahfūz in the way of pro...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Idolators enjoy Their destined Share in This Life, but will lose Their Supporters upon Death Allah said, فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَـتِهِ (Who is more unjust than one who invents a lie against Allah or rejects His Ayat) meaning, none is more unjust than ...

إِذْ أَنتُم بِٱلْعُدْوَةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَهُم بِٱلْعُدْوَةِ ٱلْقُصْوَىٰ وَٱلرَّكْبُ أَسْفَلَ مِنكُمْ وَلَوْ تَوَاعَدتُّمْ لَٱخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِى ٱلْمِيعَٰدِ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَقْضِىَ ٱللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا لِّيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٍ وَيَحْيَىٰ مَنْ حَىَّ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٍ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ

Iz antum bil'udwatid dunyaa wa hum bil'udwatil quswaa warrakbu asfala minkum; wa law tawaa'attum lakhtalaftum fil mee'aadi wa laakil liyaqdiyal laahu amran kaana maf'oolal liyahlika man halaka 'am baiyinatinw wa yahyaa man haiya 'am baiyinah; wa innal laaha la Samee'un 'Aleem

[Remember] when you were on the near side of the valley, and they were on the farther side, and the caravan was lower [in position] than you. If you had made an appointment [to meet], you would have missed the appointment. But [it was] so that Allah might accomplish a matter already destined - that those who perished [through disbelief] would perish upon evidence and those who lived [in faith] would live upon evidence; and indeed, Allah is Hearing and Knowing.

جس وقت تم (مدینے سے) قریب کے ناکے پر تھے اور کافر بعید کے ناکے پر اور قافلہ تم سے نیچے (اتر گیا) تھا۔ اور اگر تم (جنگ کے لیے) آپس میں قرارداد کرلیتے تو وقت معین (پر جمع ہونے) میں تقدیم وتاخیر ہو جاتی۔ لیکن خدا کو منظور تھا کہ جو کام ہو کر رہنے والا تھا اسے کر ہی ڈالے تاکہ جو مرے بصیرت پر (یعنی یقین جان کر) مرے اور جو جیتا رہے وہ بھی بصیرت پر (یعنی حق پہچان کر) جیتا رہے۔ اور کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا سنتا جانتا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The battle of Badr was the first confrontation of Kufr and Islam which registered a practical proof of the superiority and veracity of Islam, even visibly and materially. Therefore, the Holy Qur'an has taken special steps to describe its details which appear in the verses cited above. Bes...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When idh substitutes for yawma ‘the day’ you were on the nearer bank the one nearer to Medina read ‘udwa or ‘idwa meaning ‘the side of a valley’ and they were on the yonder bank the one further from it and the cavalcade the caravan was in a place below you the coastal side; and had you and the enemy...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Some Details of the Battle of Badr Allah describes Yawm Al-Furqan, (i.e. the day of Badr), إِذْ أَنتُم بِالْعُدْوَةِ الدُّنْيَا ((And remember) when you (the Muslim army) were on the near side of the valley,) camping in the closest entrance of the valley towards Al-Madinah, وَهُمْ (and they), the id...

وَإِذْ يُرِيكُمُوهُمْ إِذِ ٱلْتَقَيْتُمْ فِىٓ أَعْيُنِكُمْ قَلِيلًا وَيُقَلِّلُكُمْ فِىٓ أَعْيُنِهِمْ لِيَقْضِىَ ٱللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ ٱلْأُمُورُ

Wa iz yureekumoohum izil taqaitum feee a'yunikum qaleelanw wa yuqallilukum feee a'yunihim liyaqdiyal laahu amran kaana maf'oolaa; wa ilal laahi turja'ul umoor

And [remember] when He showed them to you, when you met, as few in your eyes, and He made you [appear] as few in their eyes so that Allah might accomplish a matter already destined. And to Allah are [all] matters returned.

اور اس وقت جب تم ایک دوسرے کے مقابل ہوئے تو کافروں کو تمہاری نظروں میں تھوڑا کر کے دکھاتا تھا اور تم کو ان کی نگاہوں میں تھوڑا کر کے دکھاتا تھا تاکہ خدا کو جو کام منظور کرنا تھا اسے کر ڈالے۔ اور سب کاموں کا رجوع خدا کی طرف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the last verse, along with this, it has also been mentioned: وَيُقَلِّلُكُمْ فِي أَعْيُنِهِمْ (and reduced your number in their eyes - 44). This could also mean that Muslims were, in reality, already few in number, thus, what was shown to disbelievers was their number as it was. And it could also...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when God made you see them O believers when you met — in your eyes as few as 70 or 100 when they were in fact 1000 so that you would advance against them; and He made you seem as few in their eyes so that they would advance and not turn back from fighting you — this was before close combat had b...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah made each Group look few in the Eye of the Other Mujahid said, "In a dream, Allah showed the Prophet the enemy as few. The Prophet conveyed this news to his Companions and their resolve strengthened." Similar was said by Ibn Ishaq and several others. Allah said, وَلَوْ أَرَاكَهُمْ كَثِيراً لَّ...

لَّوْلَا كِتَٰبٌ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَآ أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ

Law laa Kitaabum minal laahi sabaqa lamassakum fee maaa akhaztum 'azaabun 'azeem

If not for a decree from Allah that preceded, you would have been touched for what you took by a great punishment.

اگر خدا کا حکم پہلے نہ ہوچکا ہوتا تو جو (فدیہ) تم نے لیا ہے اس کے بدلے تم پر بڑا عذاب نازل ہوتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The second verse (68) is also a supplement to this admonition where it has been said that had it not been for a Divine writ already established, the course of action which you opted for - that of releasing the prisoners against ransom - would have brought upon you some grave punishment. What is this...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Had it not been for an ordinance from God which had preceded making spoils and the taking of captives lawful for you an awful chastisement would have afflicted you for what you took as ransom.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Imam Ahmad recorded that Anas said, "The Prophet asked the people for their opinion about the prisoners of war of Badr, saying, «إِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ أَمْكَنَكُمْ مِنْهُم» (Allah has made you prevail above them.) `Umar bin Al-Khattab stood up and said, `O Allah's Messenger! Cut off their necks,' but the...

وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مِنۢ بَعْدُ وَهَاجَرُوا۟ وَجَٰهَدُوا۟ مَعَكُمْ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمْ وَأُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَىٰ بِبَعْضٍ فِى كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۢ

Wallazeena aamanoo mim ba'du wa haajaroo wa jaahadoo ma;akum faulaaa'ika minkum; wa ulul arhaami baduhum awlaa biba'din fee Kitaabil laah; innal laaha bikulli shai'in 'Aleem

And those who believed after [the initial emigration] and emigrated and fought with you - they are of you. But those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things.

اور جو لوگ بعد میں ایمان لائے اور وطن سے ہجرت کرگئے اور تمہارے ساتھ ہو کر جہاد کرتے رہے وہ بھی تم ہی میں سے ہیں۔ اور رشتہ دار خدا کے حکم کی رو سے ایک دوسرے کے زیادہ حقدار ہیں۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا ہر چیز سے واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Described in the fourth verse (75) is the injunction concerning different categories of Muhajirin (مُھَاجِرین ، emigrants). It says: Though, some of them are the very first among Muhajirin - those who migrated earlier than the Peace Treaty of Hudaibiyah. Then, there is a second category of Muhajirin...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And those who believed afterwards that is after the first believers and emigrants and emigrated and strove with you — they are of you O Muhājirūn and Ansār; and those related by blood kinsmen are nearer to one another in terms of inheritance than those who share inheritance on account of their commo...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Believers in Truth After Allah affirmed the ruling of loyalty and protection between the believers in this life, He then mentioned their destination in the Hereafter. Allah also affirmed the faith of the believers, just as mentioned in the beginning of this Surah, and that He will reward them with f...

قُل لَّن يُصِيبَنَآ إِلَّا مَا كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَنَا هُوَ مَوْلَىٰنَا وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ

Qul lany-yuseebanaaa illaa maa katabal laahu lanaa Huwa mawlaanaa; wa 'alal laahi falyatawak kalimu 'minoon

Say, "Never will we be struck except by what Allah has decreed for us; He is our protector." And upon Allah let the believers rely.

کہہ دو کہ ہم کو کوئی مصیبت نہیں پہنچ سکتی بجز اس کے جو خدا نے ہمارے لیے لکھ دی ہو وہی ہمارا کارساز ہے۔ اور مومنوں کو خدا ہی کا بھروسہ رکھنا چاہیئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the ninth verse (51), Allah Ta` ala has instructed the Holy Prophet ﷺ and Muslims, that they should not allow themselves to be affected by things like that said by the hypocrites and that they must always keep reality as it is before them. The words of the Holy Qur'an are:. قُل لَّن يُصِيبَنَا إِ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say to them ‘Nothing shall afflict us but that which God has decreed for us that we be afflicted thereby; He is our Protector our Helper and the One in charge of our affairs; in God let the believers put their trust’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah emphasizes the enmity that the hypocrites have for the Prophet If a blessing, such as victory and triumph over the enemies, is given to the Prophet , thus pleasing him and his Companions, it grieves the hypocrites, وَإِن تُصِبْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ يَقُولُواْ قَدْ أَخَذْنَا أَمْرَنَا مِن قَبْلُ (but if...

وَءَاخَرُونَ مُرْجَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ ٱللَّهِ إِمَّا يُعَذِّبُهُمْ وَإِمَّا يَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ

Wa aakharoona murjawna li amril laahi imaa yu'az zibuhum wa immaa yatoobu 'alaihim; wallaahu 'Aleemun Hakeem

And [there are] others deferred until the command of Allah - whether He will punish them or whether He will forgive them. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.

اور کچھ اور لوگ ہیں جن کا کام خدا کے حکم پر موقوف ہے۔ چاہے ان کو عذاب دے اور چاہے ان کو معاف کر دے۔ اور خدا جاننے والا اور حکمت والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Let us now turn to the statement: وَآخَرُ‌ونَ مُرْ‌جَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ‌ اللَّـهِ (And there are others whose matter is deferred till the command of Allah - 106). We already know that seven of the ten believers, who had missed the battle of Tabuk without a valid excuse, had demonstrated their heartfelt r...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And there are others from among those who stayed behind who are deferred read murja’ūna or murjawna whose repentance is delayed to God’s command concerning them according to His will whether He chastises them by causing them to die without their having made any repentance or relents to them; and God...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Delaying the Decision about the Three Companions Who stayed away from the Battle of Tabuk Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak and several others said that those mentioned in the Ayah are the three who were made to wait to know if their repentance was accepted; Mararah bin Ar-Rabi`, Ka`b bin Mal...

وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ ٱللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ ٱلشَّرَّ ٱسْتِعْجَالَهُم بِٱلْخَيْرِ لَقُضِىَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَجَلُهُمْ فَنَذَرُ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا فِى طُغْيَٰنِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ

Wa law yu'aijilul laahu linnaasish sharras ti'jaalahum bilkhairi laqudiya ilaihim ajaluhum fanazarul lazeena laa yarjoona liqaaa'anna fee tughyaanihim ya'mahoon

And if Allah was to hasten for the people the evil [they invoke] as He hastens for them the good, their term would have been ended for them. But We leave the ones who do not expect the meeting with Us, in their transgression, wandering blindly

اور اگر خدا لوگوں کی برائی میں جلدی کرتا جس طرح وہ طلب خیر میں جلدی کرتے ہیں۔ تو ان کی (عمر کی) میعاد پوری ہوچکی ہوتی سو جن لوگوں کو ہم سے ملنے کی توقع نہیں انہیں ہم چھوڑے رکھتے ہیں کہ اپنی سرکشی میں بہکتے رہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The first of the seven verses cited above relates to people who deny 'Akhirah (Hereafter, life to come). For this reason, when they are warned against the punishment of 'Akhirah, they mockingly say, ` if you are telling the truth, bring this punishment now' or say something like, ` why wo...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When the idolaters sought to hasten their chastisement the following was revealed And if God should hasten for mankind evil as they would hasten good their term of life would already have been concluded for them read as the passive with nominative ajaluhum sc. la-qudiya ajaluhum; or read as the acti...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah does not respond to the Requests for Evil like He does with the Requests for Good Allah tells us about His Forbearance and Benevolence with His servants. He does not respond to them when they pray with evil intentions against themselves, their wealth or their children during times of grief or ...

قُل لَّوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَا تَلَوْتُهُۥ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَآ أَدْرَىٰكُم بِهِۦ فَقَدْ لَبِثْتُ فِيكُمْ عُمُرًا مِّن قَبْلِهِۦٓ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ

Qul law shaaa'al laahu maa talawtuhoo 'alaikum wa laaa adraakum bihee faqad labistu feekum 'umuram min qablih; afalaa ta'qiloon

Say, "If Allah had willed, I would not have recited it to you, nor would He have made it known to you, for I had remained among you a lifetime before it. Then will you not reason?"

(یہ بھی) کہہ دو کہ اگر خدا چاہتا تو (نہ تو) میں ہی یہ (کتاب) تم کو پڑھ کر سناتا اور نہ وہی تمہیں اس سے واقف کرتا۔ میں اس سے پہلے تم میں ایک عمر رہا ہوں (اور کبھی ایک کلمہ بھی اس طرح کا نہیں کہا) بھلا تم سمجھتے نہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After that, the fact that the Qur'an was from Allah and that it was His Word was driven home with an open argument by saying: فَقَدْ لَبِثْتُ فِيكُمْ عُمُرً‌ا مِّن قَبْلِهِ (Then I have lived among you for years before it). In effect, he was saying, ` just think for a moment. Is it not that, much be...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘If God had willed I would not have recited it to you nor would He have made it known to you nor would He have made you aware of it the lā of wa-lā adrākum is for negation and is a supplement to what preceded; a variant reading has the lām sc. la-adrākum ‘He would have made it known to you’ as t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Obstinance of the Chiefs of the Quraysh Allah tells us about the obstinance of the disbelievers of the Quraysh, who were opposed to the message and denied Allah. When the Messenger ﷺ read to them from the Book of Allah and His clear evidence they said to him: "Bring a Qur'an other than this." They w...

وَمَا كَانَ ٱلنَّاسُ إِلَّآ أُمَّةً وَٰحِدَةً فَٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِيمَا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ

Wa maa kaanan naasu illaaa ummmatanw waahidatan fakh talafoo; wa law laa kalimatun sabaqat mir Rabbika laqudiya bainahum fee maa feehi yakhtalifoon

And mankind was not but one community [united in religion], but [then] they differed. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord, it would have been judged between them [immediately] concerning that over which they differ.

اور (سب) لوگ (پہلے) ایک ہی اُمت (یعنی ایک ہی ملت پر) تھے۔ پھر جدا جدا ہوگئے۔ اور اگر ایک بات جو تمہارے پروردگار کی طرف سے پہلے ہوچکی ہے نہ ہوتی تو جن باتوں میں وہ اختلاف کرتے ہیں ان میں فیصلہ کر دیا جاتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Disbelievers and Believers are two separate nationalities: Nationality based on race and country is absurd The statement: كَانَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً (And people were but one community) in verse 19 means that the progeny of Sayyidna Adam (علیہ السلام) was essentially a single ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Mankind was but one community following one religion that is submission to the One God from the time of Adam to the time of Noah; but it is also said that this was the case from the time of Abraham to that of ‘Amr b. Luhayy; then they differed some of them remaining firmly upon belief in One God whi...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): What do the Idolators believe about Their Gods Allah reproaches the idolators that worshipped others beside Allah, thinking that those gods would intercede for them before Allah. Allah states that these gods do not harm or benefit. They don't have any authority over anything, nor do they own anythin...

كَذَٰلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ فَسَقُوٓا۟ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ

Kazaalika haqqat Kalimatu Rabbika 'alal lazeena fasaqooo annahum laa yu'minoon

Thus the word of your Lord has come into effect upon those who defiantly disobeyed - that they will not believe.

اسی طرح خدا کا ارشاد ان نافرمانوں کے حق میں ثابت ہو کر رہا کہ یہ ایمان نہیں لائیں گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the concluding verse (32), it was said: فَذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّـهُ رَ‌بُّكُمُ الْحَقُّ ۖ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ (So, that is Allah, your Lord in truth. And what is there, after truth, but error?), that is, ` this is the Sacred Being whose attributes of perfection have just been ment...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Thus just as those are turned away from faith so the Word of your Lord is justified concerning those who are wicked those who disbelieve and this Word is either the verse Q. 3213‘Verily I shall fill Hell with jinn and mankind together’ or it is the following that they do not believe.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Idolators recognize Allah's Tawhid in Lordship and the Evidence is established against Them through this Recognition Allah argues that the idolators' recognition of Allah's Oneness in Lordship is an evidence against them, for which they should admit and recognize the Oneness in divinity and wors...

قُل لَّآ أَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِى ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌ إِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَلَا يَسْتَـْٔخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ

Qul laaa amliku linafsee darranw wa laa naf'an illaa maa shaaa'al laah; likulli ummatin ajalun izaa jaaa'a ajaluhum falaaa yastaakhiroona saa'a tanw wa laa yastaqdimoon

Say, "I possess not for myself any harm or benefit except what Allah should will. For every nation is a [specified] term. When their time has come, then they will not remain behind an hour, nor will they precede [it]."

کہہ دو کہ میں اپنے نقصان اور فائدے کا بھی کچھ اختیار نہیں رکھتا۔ مگر جو خدا چاہے۔ ہر ایک امت کے لیے (موت کا) ایک وقت مقرر ہے۔ جب وہ وقت آجاتا ہے تو ایک گھڑی بھی دیر نہیں کرسکتے اور نہ جلدی کرسکتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In verse 45, it was said: يَتَعَارَ‌فُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ (they will recognize each other), that is, when the dead will be raised from their graves, they will recognize each other as if not much time had passed when they met last. Imam al-Baghawi said: This recognition will be possible during ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘I have no power to avert hurt from myself or to bring benefit except as God might will to give me power over so how could I possess the power to bring about the chastisement? For every community there is an appointed time a fixed period until they perish. When their time comes they cannot put i...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Deniers of the Day of Resurrection wish to hasten its Coming and their Response Allah told us about the idolators who reject faith through their demand that the punishment be hastened, inquiring about the time of punishment. The response to such question is not inherently beneficial, yet they in...

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ

Innal lazeena haqqat 'alaihim Kalimatu Rabbika laa yu'minoon

Indeed, those upon whom the word of your Lord has come into effect will not believe,

جن لوگوں کے بارے میں خدا کا حکم (عذاب) قرار پاچکا ہے وہ ایمان نہیں لانے کے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the fourth (95), fifth (96) and sixth (97) verses, the same subject finds support and emphasis while carrying a warning to those who are heedless.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Truly those against whom your Lord’s Word of chastisement is justified against whom it is due will not believe
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Previous books Attest to the Truth of the Qur'an Allah said: الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الرَّسُولَ النَّبِىَّ الأُمِّىَّ الَّذِى يَجِدُونَهُ مَكْتُوبًا عِندَهُمْ فِى التَّوْرَاةِ وَالإِنجِيلِ (Those who follow the Messenger, the Prophet who can neither read nor write whom they find written of with them ...

وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لَـَٔامَنَ مَن فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا أَفَأَنتَ تُكْرِهُ ٱلنَّاسَ حَتَّىٰ يَكُونُوا۟ مُؤْمِنِينَ

Wa law shaaa'a Rabbuka la aamana man fil ardi kulluhum jamee'aa; afa anta tukrihun naasa hattaa yakoonoo mu'mineen

And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed - all of them entirely. Then, [O Muhammad], would you compel the people in order that they become believers?

اور اگر تمہارا پروردگار چاہتا تو جتنے لوگ زمین پر ہیں سب کے سب ایمان لے آتے۔ تو کیا تم لوگوں پر زبردستی کرنا چاہتے ہو کہ وہ مومن ہوجائیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the seventh verse (98), the heedless deniers of truth have been admonished for their failure to make the optimum use of the time of life allowed to them. There was still time for them to leave denial and contumacy. Otherwise, an ominous time was due to come when they will make Taubah but their Ta...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if your Lord willed all who are in the earth would have believed together. Would you then compel people to do what God did not will that they do until they are believers? No!
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): It is not Part of Allah's Decree to compel Belief Allah said: وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ (And had your Lord willed) meaning `O Muhammad, if it had been the will of your Lord, He would make all the people of the earth believe in what you have brought to them. But Allah has wisdom in what He does.' Similarl...

وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَن تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَجْعَلُ ٱلرِّجْسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ

Wa maa kaana linafsin an tu'mina illaa bi iznil laah; wa yaj'alur rijsa 'alal lazeena laa ya'qiloon

And it is not for a soul to believe except by permission of Allah, and He will place defilement upon those who will not use reason.

حالانکہ کسی شخص کو قدرت نہیں ہے کہ خدا کے حکم کے بغیر ایمان لائے۔ اور جو لوگ بےعقل ہیں ان پر وہ (کفر وذلت کی) نجاست ڈالتا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the seventh verse (98), the heedless deniers of truth have been admonished for their failure to make the optimum use of the time of life allowed to them. There was still time for them to leave denial and contumacy. Otherwise, an ominous time was due to come when they will make Taubah but their Ta...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And it is not for any soul to believe save by the permission of God by His will and He causes abomination chastisement to fall upon those who have no understanding those who do not reflect upon God’s signs.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): It is not Part of Allah's Decree to compel Belief Allah said: وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ (And had your Lord willed) meaning `O Muhammad, if it had been the will of your Lord, He would make all the people of the earth believe in what you have brought to them. But Allah has wisdom in what He does.' Similarl...

قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَأْتِيكُم بِهِ ٱللَّهُ إِن شَآءَ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ

Qaala innamaa yaateekum bihil laahu in shaaa'a wa maaa antum bimu'jizeen

He said, "Allah will only bring it to you if He wills, and you will not cause [Him] failure.

نوح نے کہا کہ اس کو خدا ہی چاہے گا تو نازل کرے گا۔ اور تم (اُس کو کسی طرح) ہرا نہیں سکتے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Fourthly, it was stated: In your sight these poor people may appear lowly and disgraceful. But, I cannot say as you say that Allah Ta'ala will not bless them with what is good, because good relates to one's heart, not wealth, and only Allah knows the secrets of hearts and He knows whose heart is wor...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘Only God will bring it upon you if He wills to hasten it on for you for the decision is His not mine; and you cannot escape Him elude God.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The People's Request of Nuh to bring the Torment and His Response to Them Allah, the Exalted, informs that the people of Nuh sought to hasten Allah's vengeance, torment, anger and the trial (His punishment). This is based on their saying, قَالُواْ ينُوحُ قَدْ جَادَلْتَنَا فَأَكْثَرْتَ جِدَالَنَا (Th...

قَالُوٓا۟ أَتَعْجَبِينَ مِنْ أَمْرِ ٱللَّهِ رَحْمَتُ ٱللَّهِ وَبَرَكَٰتُهُۥ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ ٱلْبَيْتِ إِنَّهُۥ حَمِيدٌ مَّجِيدٌ

Qaalooo ata'jabeena min amril laahi rahmatul laahi wa barakaatuho 'alaikum Ahlal Bayt; innahoo Hameedum Majeed

They said, "Are you amazed at the decree of Allah? May the mercy of Allah and His blessings be upon you, people of the house. Indeed, He is Praiseworthy and Honorable."

انہوں نے کہا کیا تم خدا کی قدرت سے تعجب کرتی ہو؟ اے اہل بیت تم پر خدا کی رحمت اور اس کی برکتیں ہیں۔ وہ سزاوار تعریف اور بزرگوار ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 70, it was said: فَلَمَّا رَ‌أَىٰ أَيْدِيَهُمْ لَا تَصِلُ إِلَيْهِ نَكِرَ‌هُمْ (So, when he noticed their hands not reaching for it, he found them strange and felt a bit of fright from them). From here we learn that there are rules of etiquette for guests as well. A guest should accept what...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They said ‘Are you astonished by God’s command? by His power? The mercy of God and His blessings be upon you O people of the House! the House of Abraham. Truly He is Praised Glorious!’ Generous.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Coming of the Angels to Ibrahim and Their Glad Tidings to Him of Ishaq and Ya`qub Allah, the Exalted, says, وَلَقَدْ جَآءَتْ رُسُلُنَآ (And verily, there came Our messengers) The word "messengers" here means angels. إِبْرَهِيمَ بِالْبُشْرَى (to Ibrahim with the glad tidings.) It has been said th...

يَٰٓإِبْرَٰهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَٰذَآ إِنَّهُۥ قَدْ جَآءَ أَمْرُ رَبِّكَ وَإِنَّهُمْ ءَاتِيهِمْ عَذَابٌ غَيْرُ مَرْدُودٍ

Yaaa Ibraaheemu a'rid 'an haazaaa innahoo qad jaaa'a amru Rabbika wa innahum aateehim 'azaabun ghairun mardood

[The angels said], "O Abraham, give up this [plea]. Indeed, the command of your Lord has come, and indeed, there will reach them a punishment that cannot be repelled."

اے ابراہیم اس بات کو جانے دو۔ تمہارے پروردگار کا حکم آپہنچا ہے۔ اور ان لوگوں پر عذاب آنے والا ہے جو کبھی نہیں ٹلنے کا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Surah Hud (علیہ السلام) carries an account of different kinds of Divine punishments sent over past peoples because of their antagonism to prophets of the time. Described in the verses cited above is the moral condition of the people of Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) and the severe punishment ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When he had pleaded with them at length they said ‘O Abraham desist from this pleading. Truly your Lord’s command for their destruction has gone forth and truly there will come upon them a chastisement which cannot be repelled’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Dispute of Ibrahim over the People of Lut Allah, the Exalted, informs of what happened after the fright of Ibrahim left him and he felt no more fear of the angels when they refused to eat. After this, they gave him the glad tidings of the birth of a son and the destruction of the people of Lut. ...

يَٰصَٰحِبَىِ ٱلسِّجْنِ أَمَّآ أَحَدُكُمَا فَيَسْقِى رَبَّهُۥ خَمْرًا وَأَمَّا ٱلْـَٔاخَرُ فَيُصْلَبُ فَتَأْكُلُ ٱلطَّيْرُ مِن رَّأْسِهِۦ قُضِىَ ٱلْأَمْرُ ٱلَّذِى فِيهِ تَسْتَفْتِيَانِ

Yaa saahibayis sijni ammaaa ahadukumaa fa yasqee rabbahoo khamranw wa ammal aakharu fa yuslabu fataakulut tairu mir raasih; qudiyal amrul lazee feehi tastaftiyaan

O two companions of prison, as for one of you, he will give drink to his master of wine; but as for the other, he will be crucified, and the birds will eat from his head. The matter has been decreed about which you both inquire."

میرے جیل خانے کے رفیقو! تم میں سے ایک (جو پہلا خواب بیان کرنے والا ہے وہ) تو اپنے آقا کو شراب پلایا کرے گا اور جو دوسرا ہے وہ سولی دیا جائے گا اور جانور اس کا سر کھا جائیں گے۔ جو امر تم مجھ سے پوچھتے تھے وہ فیصلہ ہوچکا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After having made his call to truth, Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) turned to the dreams mentioned by two of his prison mates declaring that one of the two of them will get his release, return to his job and keep serving wine to his master. As for the other, the crime against him will stand proved and...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O fellow-prisoners! As for one of you that is the cup-bearer he will depart after three days and he shall serve his lord his master wine to drink as usual; and as for the other he will depart after three days and he will be crucified so that the birds will eat from his head this is the interpretatio...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Interpretation of the Dreams Yusuf said, يصَاحِبَىِ السِّجْنِ أَمَّآ أَحَدُكُمَا فَيَسْقِى رَبَّهُ خَمْرًا (O two companions of the prison! As for one of you, he will pour out wine for his master to drink;) to the man who saw in a dream that he was pressing wine. He did not direct this speech at...

وَقَالَ يَٰبَنِىَّ لَا تَدْخُلُوا۟ مِنۢ بَابٍ وَٰحِدٍ وَٱدْخُلُوا۟ مِنْ أَبْوَٰبٍ مُّتَفَرِّقَةٍ وَمَآ أُغْنِى عَنكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن شَىْءٍ إِنِ ٱلْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَعَلَيْهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ

Wa qaala yaa baniyya laa tadkhuloo mim baabinw waa hidinw wadkhuloo min abwaabim mutafarriqah; wa maaa ughnee 'ankum minal laahi min shai'in; inil hukmu illaa lillaahi 'alaihi tawakkaltu wa 'alaihi fal yatawakkalil Mutawakkiloon

And he said, "O my sons, do not enter from one gate but enter from different gates; and I cannot avail you against [the decree of] Allah at all. The decision is only for Allah; upon Him I have relied, and upon Him let those who would rely [indeed] rely."

اور ہدایت کی کہ بیٹا ایک ہی دروازے سے داخل نہ ہونا بلکہ جدا جدا دروازوں سے داخل ہونا۔ اور میں خدا کی تقدیر کو تم سے نہیں روک سکتا۔ بےشک حکم اسی کا ہے میں اسی پر بھروسہ رکھتا ہوں۔ اور اہلِ توکل کو اسی پر بھروسہ رکھنا چاہیئے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In the present verses, the second visit of the brothers of Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) ، this time accompanied by their younger brother, has been mentioned. On that occasion, Sayyidna Ya` qub (علیہ السلام) had told them to keep in mind that they were eleven of them going there, so they s...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And he said ‘O my sons do not enter Egypt by one gate but enter by separate gates lest the evil eye smite you. Yet I cannot avail protect you by this that I have said against God min Allāhi min is extra anything which He might have decreed against you; this that I have said is only out of affection ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Ya`qub orders His Children to enter Egypt from Different Gates Allah says that Ya`qub, peace be upon him, ordered his children, when he sent Binyamin with them to Egypt, to enter from different gates rather than all of them entering from one gate. Ibn `Abbas, Muhammad bin Ka`b, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak Qa...

ٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنثَىٰ وَمَا تَغِيضُ ٱلْأَرْحَامُ وَمَا تَزْدَادُ وَكُلُّ شَىْءٍ عِندَهُۥ بِمِقْدَارٍ

Allaahu ya'lamu maa tahmilu kullu unsaa wa maa tagheedul arhaamu wa maa tazdaad, wa kullu shai'in 'indahoo bimiqdaar

Allah knows what every female carries and what the wombs lose [prematurely] or exceed. And everything with Him is by due measure.

خدا ہی اس بچے سے واقف ہے جو عورت کے پیٹ میں ہوتا ہے اور پیٹ کے سکڑنے اور بڑھنے سے بھی (واقف ہے) ۔ اور ہر چیز کا اس کے ہاں ایک اندازہ مقرر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Here, it was said: اللَّـهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنثَىٰ وَمَا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْ‌حَامُ وَمَا تَزْدَادُ ۖ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِندَهُ بِمِقْدَارٍ‌ ٍ. It means that Allah Ta ala knows everything about what every woman carries in her womb - a boy or girl, beautiful or otherwise, good or evil - and abou...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God knows what every female bears of male or female one or more and otherwise and what the wombs reduce of the time of gestation and what they increase of it. And everything with Him is according to a precise measure a precise amount and limit which it does not exceed;
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah is All-Knower of Al-Ghayb (Unseen) Allah affirms His perfect knowledge, from which nothing is hidden, and that He has complete knowledge of whatever every female creature is carrying, وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى الاٌّرْحَامِ (And He knows that which is in the wombs.)31:34, whether male or female, fair ...

لَهُۥ مُعَقِّبَٰتٌ مِّنۢ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِۦ يَحْفَظُونَهُۥ مِنْ أَمْرِ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُوا۟ مَا بِأَنفُسِهِمْ وَإِذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوٓءًا فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن دُونِهِۦ مِن وَالٍ

Lahoo mu'aqqibaatum mim baini yadaihi wa min khalfihee yahfazoonahoo min amril laah; innal laaha laa yughaiyiru maa biqawmin hattaa yughaiyiroo maa bianfusihim; wa izaaa araadal laahu biqawmin sooo'an falaa maradda lah; wa maa lahum min dooniheeminw waal

For each one are successive [angels] before and behind him who protect him by the decree of Allah. Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And when Allah intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron.

اس کے آگے اور پیچھے خدا کے چوکیدار ہیں جو خدا کے حکم سے اس کی حفاظت کرتے ہیں۔ خدا اس (نعمت) کو جو کسی قوم کو (حاصل) ہے نہیں بدلتا جب تک کہ وہ اپنی حالت کو نہ بدلے۔ اور جب خدا کسی قوم کے ساتھ برائی کا ارادہ کرتا ہے تو پھر وہ پھر نہیں سکتی۔ اور خدا کے سوا ان کا کوئی مددگار نہیں ہوتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: لَهُ مُعَقِّبَاتٌ مِّن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ‌ اللَّـهِ For him there are angels replacing each other, before him and behind him, who guard him under the command of Allah - 11. The word: مُعَقِّبَاتٌ (mu’ aqqibat) is the plural form of mu’ aqqibah. A group which co...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: For him for man are attendants angels who follow him to his front and to his rear guarding him through God’s command that is by His command from the danger of the jinn and others. Indeed God does not alter the state of a people — He does not deprive them of His grace — unless they have altered the s...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah's Knowledge encompasses all Things Apparent and Hidden Allah declares that His knowledge is encompassing all of His creation, those who declare their speech or hide it, He hears it and nothing of it ever escapes His observation. Allah said in other Ayat, وَإِن تَجْهَرْ بِالْقَوْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَ...

وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْءَانًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ ٱلْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ ٱلْأَرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ بَل لِّلَّهِ ٱلْأَمْرُ جَمِيعًا أَفَلَمْ يَا۟يْـَٔسِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ أَن لَّوْ يَشَآءُ ٱللَّهُ لَهَدَى ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَلَا يَزَالُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ تُصِيبُهُم بِمَا صَنَعُوا۟ قَارِعَةٌ أَوْ تَحُلُّ قَرِيبًا مِّن دَارِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَأْتِىَ وَعْدُ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُخْلِفُ ٱلْمِيعَادَ

Wa law anna Quraanan suyyirat bihil jibaalu aw qutti'at bihil ardu aw kullima bihil mawtaa; bal lillaahil amru jamee'aa; afalam yai'asil lazeena aamanooo al law yashaaa 'ullaahu lahadan naasa jamee'aa; wa laa yazaalul lazeena kafaroo tuseebuhum bimaa sana'oo qaari'atun aw tahullu qareebam min daarihim hatta yaatiya wa'dul laah; innal laaha laa yukhliful mee'aad

And if there was any qur'an by which the mountains would be removed or the earth would be broken apart or the dead would be made to speak, [it would be this Qur'an], but to Allah belongs the affair entirely. Then have those who believed not accepted that had Allah willed, He would have guided the people, all of them? And those who disbelieve do not cease to be struck, for what they have done, by calamity - or it will descend near their home - until there comes the promise of Allah. Indeed, Allah does not fail in [His] promise.

اور اگر کوئی قرآن ایسا ہوتا کہ اس (کی تاثیر) سے پہاڑ چل پڑتے یا زمین پھٹ جاتی یا مردوں سے کلام کرسکتے۔ (تو یہی قرآن ان اوصاف سے متصف ہوتا مگر) بات یہ ہے کہ سب باتیں خدا کے اختیار میں ہیں تو کیا مومنوں کو اس سے اطمینان نہیں ہوا کہ اگر خدا چاہتا تو سب لوگوں کو ہدایت کے رستے پر چلا دیتا۔ اور کافروں پر ہمیشہ ان کے اعمال کے بدلے بلا آتی رہے گی یا ان کے مکانات کے قریب نازل ہوتی رہے گی یہاں تک کہ خدا کا وعدہ آپہنچے۔ بےشک خدا وعدہ خلاف نہیں کرتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Clear proofs of Islam being the true religion and the Holy Prophet ﷺ being the true prophet were there before the disbelievers of Makkah. They could see the signs from every department of his life, and from his many miracles, openly and comprehensively. The chief of the disbelievers, Abu ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The following was revealed when they said to him ‘If you are truly a prophet then make these mountains of Mecca drift away before us and make for us rivers and springs in it that we may plant and sow seeds and resurrect for us our dead fathers to speak to us and tell us that you are a prophet’ Even ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Virtues of the Qur'an and the Denial of Disbelievers Allah praises the Qur'an which He has revealed to Muhammad ﷺ and prefers it to all other divinely revealed Books before it, وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ (And if there had been a Qur'an with which mountains could be moved,) Allah...

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِّن قَبْلِكَ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ أَزْوَٰجًا وَذُرِّيَّةً وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَن يَأْتِىَ بِـَٔايَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ

Wa laqad arsalnaa Rusulam min qablika wa ja'alnaa lahum azwaajanw wa zurriyyah; wa maa kaana lirasoolin ai yaatiya bi aayatin illaa bi iznil laah; likulli ajalin kitaab

And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to come with a sign except by permission of Allah. For every term is a decree.

اور (اے محمدﷺ) ہم نے تم سے پہلے بھی پیغمبر بھیجے تھے۔ اور ان کو بیبیاں اور اولاد بھی دی تھی ۔اور کسی پیغمبر کے اختیار کی بات نہ تھی کہ خدا کے حکم کے بغیر کوئی نشانی لائے۔ ہر (حکم) قضا (کتاب میں) مرقوم ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The common thinking of disbelievers and polytheists about a prophet and messenger was that he should be from a species other than human, such as a creation like angels so that their supremacy over the general run of human beings becomes clearly pronounced. The Holy Qur’ an has refuted thi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when they derided him for having many wives the following was revealed And indeed We sent messengers before you and We assigned to them wives and seed children — and you are like them; and it was not for any Messenger from among them that he should bring a sign save by God’s leave because they a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All Prophets and Messengers were Humans Allah says, `Just as We have sent you O Muhammad, a Prophet and a human, We sent the Messengers before you from among mankind, that eat food, walk in the markets, and We gave them wives and offspring.' Allah said to the most honorable and Final Messenger, قُلْ...

يَمْحُوا۟ ٱللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثْبِتُ وَعِندَهُۥٓ أُمُّ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ

Yamhul laahu maa yashaaa'u wa yusbitu wa 'indahooo ummul Kitaab

Allah eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.

خدا جس کو چاہتا ہے مٹا دیتا ہے اور (جس کو چاہتا ہے) قائم رکھتا ہے اور اسی کے پاس اصل کتاب ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Said in the next verse (39) was: يَمْحُو اللَّـهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَيُثْبِتُ ۖ وَعِندَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ : 'Allah wipes off what He wills and affirms (what He wills). And with Him is the Mother Book.' [ The translation of: أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ (umm-ul-kitab) as 'Mother Book' reflects a word for word replac...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God effaces of it the Book whatever He will and He fixes read yuthbit or yuthabbit therein whatever He will of rulings or other matters and with Him is the Mother of the Book its source of origin of which nothing is ever changed and which consists of what He inscribed in pre-eternity azal.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All Prophets and Messengers were Humans Allah says, `Just as We have sent you O Muhammad, a Prophet and a human, We sent the Messengers before you from among mankind, that eat food, walk in the markets, and We gave them wives and offspring.' Allah said to the most honorable and Final Messenger, قُلْ...

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا۟ أَنَّا نَأْتِى ٱلْأَرْضَ نَنقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا وَٱللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِۦ وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ ٱلْحِسَابِ

Awalam yaraw annaa naatil arda nanqusuhaa min atraafihaa; wallaahu yahkumu laa mu'aqqiba lihukmih; wa Huwa saree'ul hisaab

Have they not seen that We set upon the land, reducing it from its borders? And Allah decides; there is no adjuster of His decision. And He is swift in account.

کیا انہوں نے نہیں دیکھا کہ ہم زمین کو اس کے کناروں سے گھٹاتے چلے آتے ہیں۔ اور خدا (جیسا چاہتا ہے) حکم کرتا ہے کوئی اس کے حکم کا رد کرنے والا نہیں۔ اور وہ جلد حساب لینے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse وَإِن مَّا نُرِ‌يَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ (And if We show you some of what We promise them, or We take you back to Us), it is to comfort and assure the Holy Prophet ﷺ that he has been given the good news that the promises Allah has made to him that Islam will h...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Or is it that they the people of Mecca have not seen how We visit the land how We target their land diminishing it at its outlying regions? by giving victory to the Prophet s. And God judges among His creatures as He will; there is none that can repel His judgement and He is swift at reckoning.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Punishment is by Allah, and the Messenger's Job is only to convey the Message Allah said to His Messenger , وَإِن مَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ `(Whether We show you) O Muhammad, part of the disgrace and humiliation We have promised your enemies in this life, أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ (or cause you to die) before th...

مَّا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَـْٔخِرُونَ

Maa tasbiqu min ummatin ajalahaa wa maa yastaakhiroon

No nation will precede its term, nor will they remain thereafter.

کوئی جماعت اپنی مدت (وفات) سے نہ آگے نکل سکتی ہے نہ پیچھے رہ سکتی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary From: ذَرْ‌هُمْ يَأْكُلُوا (Let them eat ...3) we can see that the making of eating and drinking the real occupation and aim of life, and keeping glued to long-drawn material plans while surrounded by countless things of worldly comfort, and becoming totally heedless to death, is somethi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: No community min ummatin min is extra can outstrip its predetermined term nor can they seek to delay it nor can they put it off.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Every Township has its allotted Time Allah is informing us that He never destroys a township until He has established evidences for it and its allotted time has ended. When the time for a nation's destruction has come, He never delays it, and He never moves its appointed time forward. This was a mes...

إِلَّا ٱمْرَأَتَهُۥ قَدَّرْنَآ إِنَّهَا لَمِنَ ٱلْغَٰبِرِينَ

Illam ra atahoo qaddarnaaa innahaa laminal ghaabireen

Except his wife." Allah decreed that she is of those who remain behind.

البتہ ان کی عورت (کہ) اس کے لیے ہم نے ٹھہرا دیا ہے کہ وہ پیچھے رہ جائے گی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: From verse 48: لَا يَمَسُّهُمْ فِيهَا نَصَبٌ وَمَا هُم مِّنْهَا بِمُخْرَ‌جِينَ (No weariness shall touch them therein nor will they be expelled from there), we learn about two features of Jannah: (1) No one shall ever feel tired or weak. This is contrary to what happens in our mortal world where har...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: except his wife — We have decreed that she indeed should be of those who will remain behind’ of those who will stay behind in the chastisement because of her unbelief.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reason why the Angels came Allah tells us that after Ibrahim had calmed down from the excitement of this good news, he started to ask them why they had come to him. They said, إِنَّآ أُرْسِلْنَآ إِلَى قَوْمٍ مُّجْرِمِينَ (We have been sent to a guilty people.) meaning the people of Lut. They tol...

وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلنَّاسَ بِظُلْمِهِم مَّا تَرَكَ عَلَيْهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ وَلَٰكِن يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى فَإِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَـْٔخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ

Wa law yu'aakhizul laahun naasa bizulminhim maa taraka 'alaihaa min daaabbatinw wa laakiny yu'akhkhiruhum ilaaa ajalim musamman fa izaa jaaa'a ajaluhum laa yastaakhiroona saa'atanw wa laa yastaqdimoon

And if Allah were to impose blame on the people for their wrongdoing, He would not have left upon the earth any creature, but He defers them for a specified term. And when their term has come, they will not remain behind an hour, nor will they precede [it].

اور اگر خدا لوگوں کو ان کے ظلم کے سبب پکڑنے لگے تو ایک جاندار کو زمین پر نہ چھوڑے لیکن ان کو ایک وقت مقرر تک مہلت دیئے جاتا ہے۔ جب وہ وقت آجاتا ہے تو ایک گھڑی نہ پیچھے رہ سکتے ہیں نہ آگے بڑھ سکتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Also at the end of the third verse (60), in: وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ (And He is the Mighty, the Wise), there is a hint that taking the birth of a baby girl to be nuisance and disgrace, and hiding from people because of it, amount to challenging Divine wisdom - as the creation of male and female...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if God were to take mankind to task for their wrongdoing wrongdoing through acts of disobedience He would not leave upon it that is upon the earth any living being any single living thing moving upon it; but He gives them respite until an appointed term; and when their term comes they will not d...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah does not immediately punish for Disobedience Allah tells us about His patience with His creatures, even though they do wrong. If He were to punish them for what they have done, there would be no living creature left on the face of the earth, i.e., He would have destroyed every animal on earth ...

وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وَٰحِدَةً وَلَٰكِن يُضِلُّ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ وَلَتُسْـَٔلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ

Wa law shaaa'al laahu laja'alakum ummmatanw waahidatanw wa laakiny yudillu many-yashaaa'u wa yahdee many-yashaaa'; wa latus'alunna 'ammaa kuntum ta'maloon

And if Allah had willed, He could have made you [of] one religion, but He causes to stray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. And you will surely be questioned about what you used to do.

اور اگر خدا چاہتا تو تم (سب) کو ایک ہی جماعت بنا دیتا۔ لیکن وہ جسے چاہتا ہے گمراہ کرتا ہے اور جسے چاہتا ہے ہدایت دیتا ہے۔ اور جو عمل تم کرتے ہو (اُس دن) اُن کے بارے میں تم سے ضرور پوچھا جائے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 92: أَن تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِيَ أَرْ‌بَىٰ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ (merely because a group is higher [ in number and wealth ] than the other), Muslims have been ordered that they should not break the pact they enter into with a group simply for the sake of worldly interests and gains. For example, they ma...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: For if God had willed He could have made you one community people of a single religion but He leads astray whom He will and guides whom He will and you will surely be questioned on the Day of Resurrection a questioning of rebuke about what you used to do so that you might be requited for it.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): If Allah had willed, He would have made all of Humanity one Nation Allah says: وَلَوْ شَآءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ (And had Allah willed, He would have made you) meaning - O mankind, أُمَّةً وَحِدَةً ((all) one nation,) This is like the Ayah: وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لآمَنَ مَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَم...

وَكُلَّ إِنسَٰنٍ أَلْزَمْنَٰهُ طَٰٓئِرَهُۥ فِى عُنُقِهِۦ وَنُخْرِجُ لَهُۥ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ كِتَٰبًا يَلْقَىٰهُ مَنشُورًا

Wa kulla insaanin alzamnaahu taaa'irahoo fe 'unuqihee wa nukhriji lahoo Yawmal Qiyaamati kitaabany yalqaahu manshooraa

And [for] every person We have imposed his fate upon his neck, and We will produce for him on the Day of Resurrection a record which he will encounter spread open.

اور ہم نے ہر انسان کے اعمال کو (بہ صورت کتاب) اس کے گلے میں لٹکا دیا ہے۔ اور قیامت کے روز (وہ) کتاب اسے نکال دکھائیں گے جسے وہ کھلا ہوا دیکھے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The sense of the book of deeds tied to the neck It means that one's book of deed stays with the doer no matter where or in whatever condition one is. What he or she does continues to get recorded there. When death comes, the 'book' is closed and set aside safely. After that, when comes the Last Day,...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We have attached every person’s omen — his deeds — for him to carry upon his neck — this site is singled out for mention because fastening something to it is much more severe; Mujāhid b. Jabr al-Makkī said ‘There is not a child born but it has a leaf around its neck in which it is decreed that t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Every Person will have the Book of his Deeds with Him After mentioning time, and the deeds of the son of Adam that take place therein, Allah says: وَكُلَّ إِنْسَـنٍ أَلْزَمْنَـهُ طَـئِرَهُ فِى عُنُقِهِ (And We have fastened every man's Ta'irah (deeds) to his neck,) The word Ta'irah (lit. something t...

وَإِن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ إِلَّا نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُوهَا عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا كَانَ ذَٰلِكَ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مَسْطُورًا

Wa im min qaryatin illaa Nahnu muhlikoohaa qabla Yawmil Qiyaamati aw mu'az ziboohaa 'azaaban shadeedaa; kaana zaalika fil Kitaabi mastooraa

And there is no city but that We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection or punish it with a severe punishment. That has ever been in the Register inscribed.

اور (کفر کرنے والوں کی) کوئی بستی نہیں مگر قیامت کے دن سے پہلے ہم اسے ہلاک کردیں گے یا سخت عذاب سے معذب کریں گے۔ یہ کتاب (یعنی تقدیر) میں لکھا جاچکا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The word 'al-wasilah' in: يَبْتَغُونَ إِلَىٰ رَ‌بِّهِمُ الْوَسِيلَةَ (seek the means of close ness to their Lord - 57) conveys the sense of that which is used as a means of reaching someone. As for reaching Allah, the wasilah or means is to always keep the pleasure of Allah in sight when ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: There is not a town — its inhabitants are the ones meant — but We shall destroy it before the Day of Resurrection through death or chastise it with terrible chastisement by killing its inhabitants or otherwise. That has been inscribed in the Book the Preserved Tablet al-lawh al-mahfūz.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Destruction or Torment of all Disbelieving Towns before the Hour begins Here Allah tells us that He has decreed and it is written in Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet) which is with Him, that there is no town that He will not destroy by wiping out all its people or by punishing them, عَذَا...

سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَا وَلَا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلًا

Sunnata man qad arsalnaa qablakamir Rusulinaa wa laa tajidu lisunnatinaa tahhweelaa

[That is Our] established way for those We had sent before you of Our messengers; and you will not find in Our way any alteration.

جو پیغمبر ہم نے تم سے پہلے بھیجے تھے ان کا (اور ان کے بارے میں ہمارا یہی) طریق رہا ہے اور تم ہمارے طریق میں تغیروتبدل نہ پاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The last verse (77): سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْ‌سَلْنَا (Such has been Our way with the messengers We sent ...) tells us that, according to the customary way and law of Allah Ta` ala, when a people expel their prophet from his home-land, or compel him to leave by scaring and harassing, then, those people...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: That is the way in the case of those whom We have sent from among Our messengers before you that is to say that is Our way of dealing with them their enemies destroying those who expel them Our messengers. And as regards Our established way you will not find any change any alternative manner.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reason why these Ayat were revealed This was revealed concerning the disbelievers among the Quraysh, when they wanted to expel the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from among themselves. So Allah issued a warning to them in this Ayah, telling them that if they expelled him, they would not stay in Makkah for...

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ قَادِرٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَن يَخْلُقَ مِثْلَهُمْ وَجَعَلَ لَهُمْ أَجَلًا لَّا رَيْبَ فِيهِ فَأَبَى ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ إِلَّا كُفُورًا

Awalam yaraw annal laahal lazee khalaqas samaawaati wal arda qaadirun 'alaaa any yakhluqa mislahum wa ja'ala lahum ajalal laa raiba fee; fa abaz zaalimoona illaa kufooraa

Do they not see that Allah, who created the heavens and earth, is [the one] Able to create the likes of them? And He has appointed for them a term, about which there is no doubt. But the wrongdoers refuse [anything] except disbelief.

کیا انہوں نے نہیں دیکھا کہ خدا جس نے آسمانوں اور زمین کو پیدا کیا ہے اس بات پر قادر ہے کہ ان جیسے (لوگ) پیدا کردے۔ اور اس نے ان کے لئے ایک وقت مقرر کر دیا ہے جس میں کچھ بھی شک نہیں۔ تو ظالموں نے انکار کرنے کے سوا (اسے) قبول نہ کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the last verse (95), it was said that they, despite being human, can-not demand that their messenger should be an angel. This demand was unreasonable. Yes, if angels had been living on the Earth and there was the need to send a messenger to them, then, indeed, an angel would have been sent as a m...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have they not seen realised that God He Who created the heavens and the earth with all their immensity has the power to create the like of them? that is the like of these human beings especially given their smallness? He has appointed for them a term until the time for their death and resurrection w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah says: ` This punishment, being resurrected blind, dumb and deaf, is what they deserve, because they disbelieved بِـَايَـتِنَآ (Our Ayat), i.e., Our proof and evidence, and did not think that the resurrection could ever happen.' وَقَالُواْ أَءِذَا كُنَّا عِظَـماً وَرُفَـتاً (and said: "When we ...

قَالَ كَذَٰلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِ هُوَ عَلَىَّ هَيِّنٌ وَلِنَجْعَلَهُۥٓ ءَايَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَرَحْمَةً مِّنَّا وَكَانَ أَمْرًا مَّقْضِيًّا

Qaala kazaaliki qaala Rabbuki huwa 'alaiya yaiyimunw wa linaj 'alahooo Aayatal linnaasi wa rahmatam minnaa; wa kaana amram maqdiyyaa

He said, "Thus [it will be]; your Lord says, 'It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign to the people and a mercy from Us. And it is a matter [already] decreed.' "

(فرشتے نے) کہا کہ یونہی (ہوگا) تمہارے پروردگار نے فرمایا کہ یہ مجھے آسان ہے۔ اور (میں اسے اسی طریق پر پیدا کروں گا) تاکہ اس کو لوگوں کے لئے اپنی طرف سے نشانی اور (ذریعہٴ) رحمت اور (مہربانی) بناؤں اور یہ کام مقرر ہوچکا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: لِأَهَبَ لَكِ غُلَامًا (to give you a boy - 19:19) Here Sayyidna Jibra'n (علیہ السلام) had attributed to himself the gift of the child because Allah Ta’ ala had sent him in order that he should breathe into her collar, and this breath would be the means of her conceiving the child, whereas in realit...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘It the matter in question of creating a boy from you without a father shall be so! Your Lord has said “It is easy for Me in other words by Gabriel’s breathing into you by My command so that you become pregnant with him — since what has been mentioned is meant as a reason the following state...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Maryam and Al-Masih (`Isa) After Allah, the Exalted, mentioned the story of Zakariyya, and that He blessed him with a righteous, purified and blessed child even in his old age while his wife was barren, He then mentions the story of Maryam. Allah informs of His granting her a child name...

وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ حَتْمًا مَّقْضِيًّا

Wa im minkum illaa waa riduhaa; kaana 'alaa Rabbika hatmam maqdiyyaa

And there is none of you except he will come to it. This is upon your Lord an inevitability decreed.

اور تم میں کوئی (شخص) نہیں مگر اسے اس پر گزرنا ہوگا۔ یہ تمہارے پروردگار پر لازم اور مقرر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِ‌دُهَا وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِ‌دُهَا "And there is none among you who is not to arrive at it." - 19:71. This means that everybody - be he a believer or an infidel - will go across Hell. However, this does not mean that they would go to stay in it; they would only go ac...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: There is not one of you but shall come to it that is but shall enter Hell. That is an inevitability already decreed by your Lord something which He made inevitable and which He decreed; He will not waive it.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Everyone will be brought to Hell, then the Righteous will be saved Ibn Jarir reported from `Abdullah that he said concerning Allah's statement, وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلاَّ وَارِدُهَا (There is not one of you but will pass over it.) "The bridge over Hell is like the sharp edge of a sword. The first group t...

فَلَا تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدًّا

Falaa ta'jal alaihim innamaa na 'uddu lahum 'addaa

So be not impatient over them. We only count out to them a [limited] number.

تو تم ان پر (عذاب کے لئے) جلدی نہ کرو۔ اور ہم تو ان کے لئے (دن) شمار کر رہے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدًّا "We are but counting for them a count down." - 19:84 This verse means: "Do not be impatient about their punishment because it is going to befall upon them in any case - and very soon. We have allowed them a fixed term in this world and that term is about to end. Then w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So do not make haste against them to demand that they receive chastisement. Indeed We are only counting for them the days and the nights or their every breath carefully until the time arrives for their chastisement.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Idols of the Polytheists will deny Their Worship Allah, the Exalted, informs about the disbelievers who associate partners with their Lord, that they have taken gods besides Allah, so that these gods may be a source of honor and might for them. They think that these gods give them power and make...

إِذْ تَمْشِىٓ أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ مَن يَكْفُلُهُۥ فَرَجَعْنَٰكَ إِلَىٰٓ أُمِّكَ كَىْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَلَا تَحْزَنَ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا فَنَجَّيْنَٰكَ مِنَ ٱلْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّٰكَ فُتُونًا فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِىٓ أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلَىٰ قَدَرٍ يَٰمُوسَىٰ

Iz tamsheee ukhtuka fataqoolu hal adullukum 'alaa mai yakfuluhoo faraja 'naaka ilaaa ummika kai taqarra 'ainuhaa wa laa tahzan; wa qatalta nafsan fanajjainaaka minal ghammi wa fatannaaka futoonaa; falabista sineena feee ahli Madyana summa ji'ta 'alaa qadariny yaa Moosa

[And We favored you] when your sister went and said, 'Shall I direct you to someone who will be responsible for him?' So We restored you to your mother that she might be content and not grieve. And you killed someone, but We saved you from retaliation and tried you with a [severe] trial. And you remained [some] years among the people of Madyan. Then you came [here] at the decreed time, O Moses.

جب تمہاری بہن (فرعون کے ہاں) گئی اور کہنے لگی کہ میں تمہیں ایسا شخص بتاؤں جو اس کو پالے۔ تو (اس طریق سے) ہم نے تم کو تمہاری ماں کے پاس پہنچا دیا تاکہ ان کی آنکھیں ٹھنڈی ہوں اور وہ رنج نہ کریں۔ اور تم نے ایک شخص کو مار ڈالا تو ہم نے تم کو غم سے مخلصی دی اور ہم نے تمہاری (کئی بار) آزمائش کی۔ پھر تم کئی سال اہل مدین میں ٹھہرے رہے۔ پھر اے موسیٰ تم (قابلیت رسالت کے) اندازے پر آ پہنچے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: إِذْ تَمْشِي أُخْتُكَ (When your sister was going - 20:40). The story of the sister of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) following the box along the river and the subsequent events are alluded to in this verse, which ends with the words وَفَتَنَّاكَ فُتُونًا (We tested you with a great ordeal - 20:40). Ac...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When idh for explanation your sister Maryam walked up to obtain news of you for they had brought wet nurses for you but you would not take to the breast of any of them and she then said “Shall I show you someone who will take care of him?”. Her offer was accepted and so she brought them his mother a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Choosing Musa to go to Fir`awn and to be Soft and Gentle in His Invitation Allah, the Exalted, says in His address to Musa that he had lived among the people of Madyan, avoiding Fir`awn and his chiefs. He worked as a shepherd for his father-in-law until the appointed time for his work ended. Then he...

وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَامًا وَأَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى

Wa law laa Kalimatun sabaqat mir Rabbika lakaana lizaamanw wa ajalum musammaa

And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord, punishment would have been an obligation [due immediately], and [if not for] a specified term [decreed].

اور اگر ایک بات تمہارے پروردگار کی طرف سے پہلے صادر اور (جزائے اعمال کے لئے) ایک میعاد مقرر نہ ہوچکی ہوتی تو (نزول) عذاب لازم ہوجاتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The word ھُدٰی - (guidance) implied in the first sentence of verse 128 can refer either to the Qur'an or to the Holy Prophet ﷺ and the meaning would be, "Did not the Qur'an or the Holy Prophet ﷺ direct them i.e. the people of Makkah and tell them about the nations and the societies who we...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And but for a decree that had already preceded from your Lord that their chastisement be deferred to the Hereafter it destruction would have been an inevitability their destruction would have been necessary in this world and a specified term fixed for them ajalun musamman a supplement to the pronoun...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Many Nations were destroyed and in Them is a Lesson Allah, the Exalted, says, أَفَلَمْ يَهْدِ (Is it not a guidance for them...) This is addressed to those who reject what the Prophet came to them with: `We destroyed those who denied the Messengers from the previous nations before them. They showed ...

كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُۥ مَن تَوَلَّاهُ فَأَنَّهُۥ يُضِلُّهُۥ وَيَهْدِيهِ إِلَىٰ عَذَابِ ٱلسَّعِيرِ

Kutiba 'alaihi annahoo man tawallaahu fa annahoo yudil lauhoo wa yahdeehi ilaa 'azaabis sa'eer

It has been decreed for every devil that whoever turns to him - he will misguide him and will lead him to the punishment of the Blaze.

جس کے بارے میں لکھ دیا گیا ہے کہ جو اسے دوست رکھے گا تو اس کو گمراہ کردے گا اور دوزخ کے عذاب کا رستہ دکھائے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَن يُجَادِلُ فِي اللَّـهِ بِغَيْرِ‌ عِلْمٍ (And among men there is one who debates about Allah with no knowledge - 22:8.) This verse was revealed with particular reference to Nadr Ibn al-Harith, who was a very quarrelsome person. He claimed that the angels were Allah's da...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: about whom it has been decreed in other words it has been decreed with regards to a devil that whoever takes him for a friend that is whoever follows him he will make him go astray and will lead him summon him to the chastisement of the Blaze namely to the Fire.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Condemnation of the Followers of the Shaytan Allah condemns those who deny the Resurrection and who deny that Allah is able to restore life to the dead, those who turn away from that which Allah has revealed to His Prophets and, in their views -- denial and disbelief -- follow every rebellious Shayt...

مَا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَـْٔخِرُونَ

Maa tasbiqu min ummatin ajalahaa wa maa yastaakhiroon

No nation will precede its time [of termination], nor will they remain [thereafter].

کوئی جماعت اپنے وقت سے نہ آگے جاسکتی ہے نہ پیچھے رہ سکتی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary وَآوَيْنَاهُمَا إِلَىٰ رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ (and We gave them shelter on a height, a place of rest and running springs). According to Bayan-ul-Qur’ an, this verse refers to the event that a tyrant was resolute to kill Sayyidna ` Isa and his mother (علیہما السلام) right from hi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: No community can precede its term by dying before it nor be deferred beyond it the person in the second verb yasta’khirūna ‘be deferred’ is masculine having been feminine in the first verb tasbiqu ‘precede’ because this masculine plural takes into account the plural masculine content of the term ‘co...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Mention of Other Nations Allah says: ثُمَّ أَنشَأْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ قُرُوناً ءَاخَرِينَ (Then, after them, We created other generations.) meaning, nations and peoples. مَّا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَـْخِرُونَ (No nation can advance their term, nor can they delay it.) means, they a...

ٱلَّذِى لَهُۥ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُۥ شَرِيكٌ فِى ٱلْمُلْكِ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ تَقْدِيرًا

Allazee lahoo mulkus samaawaati wal ardi wa lam yattakhiz waladanw wa lam yakul lahoo shareekun filmulki wa khalaqa kulla shai'in faqaddarahoo taqdeeraa

He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and who has not taken a son and has not had a partner in dominion and has created each thing and determined it with [precise] determination.

وہی کہ آسمان اور زمین کی بادشاہی اسی کی ہے اور جس نے (کسی کو) بیٹا نہیں بنایا اور جس کا بادشاہی میں کوئی شریک نہیں اور جس نے ہر چیز کو پیدا کیا اور پھر اس کا ایک اندازہ ٹھہرایا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Special Wisdom in every creation فَقَدَّرَ‌هُ تَقْدِيرً‌ا (And designed it in a perfect measure - 25:2): Here تَقْدِير‌ (designing in a perfect measure) is mentioned after تخلِیق (Creation). تخلِیق means to create something from nothing that is to bring in something without any pre-existing substanc...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He to Whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and Who has not taken a son nor has He any partner in sovereignty; and He created everything which was meant to be created and then determined it in a precise measure He fashioned it in a balanced form.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Blessed be Allah Here Allah praises Himself for the Noble Qur'an He has revealed to His noble Messenger . This is like the Ayat: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى أَنْزَلَ عَلَى عَ...

كَذَٰلِكَ سَلَكْنَٰهُ فِى قُلُوبِ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ

Kazaalika salaknaahu fee quloobil mujrimeen

Thus have We inserted disbelief into the hearts of the criminals.

اسی طرح ہم نے انکار کو گنہگاروں کے دلوں میں داخل کردیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Qur’ an is the name of the collection of its words and meanings نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّ‌وحُ الْأَمِينُ ﴿193﴾ عَلَىٰ قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنذِرِ‌ينَ ﴿194﴾ بِلِسَانٍ عَرَ‌بِيٍّ مُّبِينٍ ﴿195﴾ وَإِنَّهُ لَفِي زُبُرِ‌ الْأَوَّلِينَ ﴿196﴾ It is brought by the Trusted Spirit down [ 193] to you...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So in the same way in which We would have caused denial of it to penetrate the hearts of disbelievers had it been recited by a non-Arab We have caused denial of it to penetrate the hearts of the criminals the Meccan disbelievers when Muhammad (s) recites it.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Deniers will never believe until They see the Torment Allah says: `thus We caused denial, disbelief, rejection and stubbornness to enter the hearts of the sinners.' لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ (They will not believe in it), i.e., the truth, حَتَّى يَرَوُاْ الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمَ (until they see the pain...

فَأَنجَيْنَٰهُ وَأَهْلَهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱمْرَأَتَهُۥ قَدَّرْنَٰهَا مِنَ ٱلْغَٰبِرِينَ

Fa anjainaahu wa ahlahooo illam ra atahoo qaddarnaahaa minal ghaabireen

So We saved him and his family, except for his wife; We destined her to be of those who remained behind.

تو ہم نے ان کو اور ان کے گھر والوں کو نجات دی۔ مگر ان کی بیوی کہ اس کی نسبت ہم نے مقرر کر رکھا ہے (کہ وہ پیچھے رہنے والوں میں ہوگی)

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: لَنُبَيِّتَنَّهُ وَأَهْلَهُ ثُمَّ لَنَقُولَنَّ لِوَلِيِّهِ مَا شَهِدْنَا مَهْلِكَ أَهْلِهِ وَإِنَّا لَصَادِقُونَ We shall attack him (Salih علیہ السلام) and his family at night, then will say to his heir, We did not witness the destruction of his family and we are really truthful - 27:49. The plan w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So We delivered him and his family except his wife — We decreed for her We made her by Our decree to be of those who remained behind in the chastisement.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Lut and His People Allah tells us about His servant and Messenger Lut, peace be upon him, and how he warned his people of Allah's punishment for committing an act of immorality which no human ever committed before them -- intercourse with males instead of females. This is a major sin, whereby men ar...

وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِٱلْعَذَابِ وَلَوْلَآ أَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى لَّجَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّهُم بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ

Wa yasta'jiloonaka bil'azaab; wa law laaa ajalum musammal lajaaa'ahumul 'zaab; wa la yaatiyannahum baghta tanw wa hum laa yash'uroon

And they urge you to hasten the punishment. And if not for [the decree of] a specified term, punishment would have reached them. But it will surely come to them suddenly while they perceive not.

اور یہ لوگ تم سے عذاب کے لئے جلدی کر رہے ہیں۔ اگر ایک وقت مقرر نہ (ہو چکا) ہوتا تو اُن پر عذاب آبھی گیا ہوتا۔ اور وہ (کسی وقت میں) اُن پر ضرور ناگہاں آکر رہے گا اور اُن کو معلوم بھی نہ ہوگا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The status of the narrations of the People of the Book quoted by the commentators in their commentaries is also the same. The object of their reproduction in the commentaries is meant to highlight their historical position. They cannot be used for determining what is permitted (halal) and what is no...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And they ask you to hasten the chastisement. Yet were it not for an appointed term for this chastisement the chastisement would have come upon them before long but it shall assuredly come upon them suddenly while they are unaware of the time of its coming.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How the Idolators asked for the Torment to be hastened on Allah tells us of the ignorance of the idolators and how they asked for the punishment of Allah to be hastened so that it would befall them quickly. This is like the Ayah, وَإِذْ قَالُواْ اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ...

وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْعِلْمَ وَٱلْإِيمَٰنَ لَقَدْ لَبِثْتُمْ فِى كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْبَعْثِ فَهَٰذَا يَوْمُ ٱلْبَعْثِ وَلَٰكِنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ

Wa qaalal lazeena ootul 'ilma wal eemaana laqad labistum fee kitaabil laahi ilaa yawmil ba'si fahaazaa yawmul ba'si wa laakinnakum kuntum laa ta'lamoon

But those who were given knowledge and faith will say, "You remained the extent of Allah 's decree until the Day of Resurrection, and this is the Day of Resurrection, but you did not used to know."

اور جن لوگوں کو علم اور ایمان دیا گیا تھا وہ کہیں گے کہ خدا کی کتاب کے مطابق تم قیامت تک رہے ہو۔ اور یہ قیامت ہی کا دن ہے لیکن تم کو اس کا یقین ہی نہیں تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After this, the falsehood and ignorance of the deniers of the Dooms Day is mentioned وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يُقْسِمُ الْمُجْرِ‌مُونَ مَا لَبِثُوا غَيْرَ‌ سَاعَةٍ that is, ‘When the Dooms Day will come, these deniers of the Dooms Day will start swearing by losing senses after looking at the horr...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But those who have been given knowledge and faith of angels and others shall say ‘You have remained according to God’s decree in accordance with what He had decreed for you in His prior knowledge until the Day of Resurrection. This is the Day of Resurrection which you rejected but you did not know’ ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Ignorance of the Disbelievers in this World and in the Hereafter Here Allah tells us of the ignorance of the disbelievers in this world and in the Hereafter. In this world they worship idols, and in the Hereafter they will also display great ignorance. They will swear by Allah that they did not ...

وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَـَٔاتَيْنَا كُلَّ نَفْسٍ هُدَىٰهَا وَلَٰكِنْ حَقَّ ٱلْقَوْلُ مِنِّى لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ ٱلْجِنَّةِ وَٱلنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ

Wa law shi'naa la-aatainaa kulla nafsin hudaahaa wa laakin haqqal qawlu minnee la amla'anna jahannama minal jinnati wannaasi ajma'een

And if We had willed, We could have given every soul its guidance, but the word from Me will come into effect [that] "I will surely fill Hell with jinn and people all together.

اور اگر ہم چاہتے تو ہر شخص کو ہدایت دے دیتے۔ لیکن میری طرف سے یہ بات قرار پاچکی ہے کہ میں دوزخ کو جنوں اور انسانوں سب سے بھردوں گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In verse 11, it was said: قُلْ يَتَوَفَّاكُم مَّلَكُ الْمَوْتِ الَّذِي وُكِّلَ بِكُمْ (Say, "The angel of death who has been assigned for you will take you in full" -11). In the verse previous to it, the deniers of the Qiyamah were warned and an answer was given to their wondering as to h...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God exalted be He says ‘And had We so willed We could have given every soul its means to guidance so that it may be guided through faith and obedience through its own choice but My Word became due and it is that “Verily I shall fill Hell with jinn and mankind together”.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Bad State in which the Idolators will be on the Day of Resurrection Allah tells us the state of the idolators on the Day of Resurrection and what they will say when they see the Resurrection and are standing before Allah -- may He be glorified -- humiliated and brought low, with their heads bowe...

قُل لَّن يَنفَعَكُمُ ٱلْفِرَارُ إِن فَرَرْتُم مِّنَ ٱلْمَوْتِ أَوِ ٱلْقَتْلِ وَإِذًا لَّا تُمَتَّعُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا

Qul lany y anfa'akumul firaaru in farartum minal mawti awil qatli wa izal laa tumatta'oona illaa qaleelaa

Say, [O Muhammad], "Never will fleeing benefit you if you should flee from death or killing; and then [if you did], you would not be given enjoyment [of life] except for a little."

کہہ دو کہ اگر تم مرنے یا مارے سے بھاگتے ہو تو بھاگنا تم کو فائدہ نہیں دے گا اور اس وقت تم بہت ہی کم فائدہ اٹھاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The second state mentioned here is that of the hypocrites for they had started saying that the promises of Allah and His Rasul ﷺ were a web of deception: إِذْ يَقُولُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَ‌ضٌ مَّا وَعَدَنَا اللَّـهُ وَرَ‌سُولُهُ إِلَّا غُرُ‌ورً‌ا (And (remember) when the h...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘Flight will not avail you should you flee from death or from being slain and then if you were to flee you would not be extended comfort in this world after you have fled except a little’ except for the remainder of your terms of life.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوْرَةٌ وَمَا هِىَ بِعَوْرَةٍ إِن يُرِيدُونَ إِلاَّ فِرَاراً ("Truly, our homes lie open." And they lay not open. They but wished to flee.) If the enemy had entered upon them from every side of Al-Madinah and from every direction, then demanded that they become disbeliev...

مَّا كَانَ عَلَى ٱلنَّبِىِّ مِنْ حَرَجٍ فِيمَا فَرَضَ ٱللَّهُ لَهُۥ سُنَّةَ ٱللَّهِ فِى ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوْا۟ مِن قَبْلُ وَكَانَ أَمْرُ ٱللَّهِ قَدَرًا مَّقْدُورًا

Maa kaana 'alan nabiyyyi min harajin feemaa faradal laahu lahoo sunnatal laahi fil lazeena khalaw min qabl; wa kaana amrul laahi qadaram maqdooraa

There is not to be upon the Prophet any discomfort concerning that which Allah has imposed upon him. [This is] the established way of Allah with those [prophets] who have passed on before. And ever is the command of Allah a destiny decreed.

پیغمبر پر اس کام میں کچھ تنگی نہیں جو خدا نے ان کے لئے مقرر کردیا۔ اور جو لوگ پہلے گزر چکے ہیں ان میں بھی خدا کا یہی دستور رہا ہے۔ اور خدا کا حکم ٹھیر چکا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Prefacing an answer to doubts and objections The opening sentence of verse 38: سُنَّةَ اللَّـهِ فِي الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِن قَبْلُ ۚ وَكَانَ أَمْرُ‌ اللَّـهِ قَدَرً‌ا مَّقْدُورً‌ا (a customary practice of Allah in the case of those who have gone before--- And Allah's command is pre-determined by desti...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: There is no restriction for the Prophet in what God has ordained in what He has made lawful for him that is God’s precedent sunnata’Llāhi is in the accusative because the operator of the oblique has been removed from the oblique construction ka-sunnati’Llāhi ‘as is God’s precedent’ with those who pa...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مَّا كَانَ عَلَى النَّبِىِّ مِنْ حَرَجٍ فِيمَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ (There is no blame on the Prophet in that which Allah has made legal for him.) means, in that which has been permitted for him and which he has been commanded to do, i.e. his marrying Zaynab, may Allah be pleased with her,, who had b...

سُنَّةَ ٱللَّهِ فِى ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوْا۟ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ ٱللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا

Sunnatal laahi fil lazeena khalaw min qablu wa lan tajida lisunnatil laahi tabdeelaa

[This is] the established way of Allah with those who passed on before; and you will not find in the way of Allah any change.

جو لوگ پہلے گزر چکے ہیں ان کے بارے میں بھی خدا کی یہی عادت رہی ہے۔ اور تم خدا کی عادت میں تغیر وتبدل نہ پاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: A person who turns an apostate (murtadd) after having embraced Islam is killed in punishment Two mischiefs made by the hypocrites have been mentioned in the cited verse and it has been said that should they fail to abstain from indulging in these any further, the punishment they shall face will be: ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God’s precedent in other words God has made this His precedent in dealing with those who passed away before with regard to the hypocrites of past communities who used to alarm believers with their scaremongery and you will find that there is no changing God’s precedent no changing of it from Him.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command of Hijab Here Allah tells His Messenger to command the believing women -- especially his wives and daughters, because of their position of honor -- to draw their Jilbabs over their bodies, so that they will be distinct in their appearance from the women of the Jahiliyyah and from slave w...

فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ ٱلْمَوْتَ مَا دَلَّهُمْ عَلَىٰ مَوْتِهِۦٓ إِلَّا دَآبَّةُ ٱلْأَرْضِ تَأْكُلُ مِنسَأَتَهُۥ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ ٱلْجِنُّ أَن لَّوْ كَانُوا۟ يَعْلَمُونَ ٱلْغَيْبَ مَا لَبِثُوا۟ فِى ٱلْعَذَابِ ٱلْمُهِينِ

Falammaa qadainaa 'alaihil mawta ma dallahum 'alaa mawtiheee illaa daaabbatul ardi taakulu minsa atahoo falammaa kharra tabaiyanatil jinnu al law kaanoo ya'lamoonal ghaiba maa labisoo fil 'azaabil muheen

And when We decreed for Solomon death, nothing indicated to the jinn his death except a creature of the earth eating his staff. But when he fell, it became clear to the jinn that if they had known the unseen, they would not have remained in humiliating punishment.

پھر جب ہم نے ان کے لئے موت کا حکم صادر کیا تو کسی چیز سے ان کا مرنا معلوم نہ ہوا مگر گھن کے کیڑے سے جو ان کے عصا کو کھاتا رہا۔ جب عصا گر پڑا تب جنوں کو معلوم ہوا (اور کہنے لگے) کہ اگر وہ غیب جانتے ہوتے تو ذلت کی تکلیف میں نہ رہتے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The word: مِنسَأ (minsa'ah, translated in the text as 'scepter' ) in verse 14 beginning with: فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ (So, when We decided (that) death (should come) upon him, - 14) appears in the sense of staff or pole (as of purpose or authority). Some early commentators have said ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when We decreed for him for Solomon death in other words when he died — he remained supported against his staff an entire year while the jinn continued to toil in hard labour as was customary unaware of his death until finally when a termite ate through his staff he fell to the ground and was se...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Death of Sulayman Allah tells us how Sulayman, peace be upon him, died and how Allah concealed his death from the Jinn who were subjugated to him to do hard labor. He remained leaning on his stick, which was his staff, as Ibn `Abbas may Allah be pleased with him, Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Qatadah and o...

وَٱلشَّمْسُ تَجْرِى لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَّهَا ذَٰلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْعَلِيمِ

Wash-shamsu tajree limustaqarril lahaa; zaalika taqdeerul 'Azeezil Aleem

And the sun runs [on course] toward its stopping point. That is the determination of the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.

اور سورج اپنے مقرر رستے پر چلتا رہتا ہے۔ یہ (خدائے) غالب اور دانا کا (مقرر کیا ہوا) اندازہ ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 38, it was said: وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِ‌ي لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ‌ لَّهَا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ‌ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ (And the sun is quickly proceeding towards its resting place. That is the designing of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing. 36:38). The word: لِمُسْتَقَر mustaqarr) is used to denote place of ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And the sun which runs from wa’l-shamsu tajrī to the end of the statement is subsumed by the introductory wa-āyatun lahum ‘and a sign for them’; alternatively it constitutes another sign for them; similar is the case with wa’l-qamara ‘and the moon’ further below to its resting-place in other words i...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Among the Signs of the Might and Power of Allah are the Night and Day, and the Sun and Moon يُغْشِى الَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا (He brings the night as a cover over the day, seeking it rapidly) (7:54). Allah says here: وَءَايَةٌ لَّهُمُ الَّيْلُ نَسْلَخُ مِنْهُ النَّهَارَ (And a sign for...

قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلْمُنظَرِينَ

Qaala fa innaka minal munzareen

[Allah] said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved

فرمایا کہ تجھ کو مہلت دی جاتی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 75, it was said: لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ (what I created with My hands...): Here, it is about Sayyidna 'Adam (علیہ السلام) that Allah Ta’ ala has said that it is He who had created him with His hands. There is a consensus among the majority of the Muslim Ummah that "hands" do not mean that...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘Then you will indeed be among the reprieved
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Adam and Iblis Allah mentions this story in Surat Al-Baqarah, at the beginning of Surat Al-A`raf, in Surat Al-Hijr, Al-Isra', Al-Kahf and here. Before creating Adam, peace be upon him, Allah told the angels that He was going to create a human being from sounding clay of altered smooth b...

إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْوَقْتِ ٱلْمَعْلُومِ

Ilaa Yawmil waqtil ma'loom

Until the Day of the time well-known."

اس روز تک جس کا وقت مقرر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 75, it was said: لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ (what I created with My hands...): Here, it is about Sayyidna 'Adam (علیہ السلام) that Allah Ta’ ala has said that it is He who had created him with His hands. There is a consensus among the majority of the Muslim Ummah that "hands" do not mean that...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: until the day of the known time’ the time of the First Blast.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Adam and Iblis Allah mentions this story in Surat Al-Baqarah, at the beginning of Surat Al-A`raf, in Surat Al-Hijr, Al-Isra', Al-Kahf and here. Before creating Adam, peace be upon him, Allah told the angels that He was going to create a human being from sounding clay of altered smooth b...

وَمَا تَفَرَّقُوٓا۟ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعِلْمُ بَغْيًۢا بَيْنَهُمْ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى لَّقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ أُورِثُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ مِنۢ بَعْدِهِمْ لَفِى شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ

Wa maa tafarraqooo illaa mim ba'di maa jaaa'ahumul 'ilmu baghyam bainahum; wa law laa Kalimatun sabaqat mir Rabbika ilaaa ajalim musammal laqudiya bainahum; wa innal lazeena oorisul Kitaaba mim ba'dihim lafee shakkim minhu mureeb

And they did not become divided until after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord [postponing the penalty] until a specified time, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed, those who were granted inheritance of the Scripture after them are, concerning it, in disquieting doubt.

اور یہ لوگ جو الگ الگ ہوئے ہیں تو علم (حق) آچکنے کے بعد آپس کی ضد سے (ہوئے ہیں) ۔ اور اگر تمہارے پروردگار کی طرف سے ایک وقت مقرر تک کے لئے بات نہ ٹھہر چکی ہوتی تو ان میں فیصلہ کردیا جاتا۔ اور جو لوگ ان کے بعد (خدا کی) کتاب کے وارث ہوئے وہ اس (کی طرف) سے شبہے کی الجھن میں (پھنسے ہوئے) ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَمَا تَفَرَّ‌قُوا إِلَّا مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ (And they were not divided, in jealousy with each other, but after knowledge had come to them - 42:14). Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ has explained that the pronoun ` they' in this sentence refers to the Quraysh of Makkah, and thus he has taken t...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And they did not become divided that is the adherents of the monotheistic religions did not become divided in religion — so that some affirmed the Oneness of God while others rejected it — except after the knowledge of His Oneness had come to them out of jealous rivalry on the part of the disbelieve...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Religion of the Messengers is One Allah says to this Ummah: شَرَعَ لَكُم مِّنَ الِدِينِ مَا وَصَّى بِهِ نُوحاً وَالَّذِى أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ (He (Allah) has ordained for you the same religion which He ordained for Nuh, and that which We have revealed to you,) Allah mentions the first Messenger ...

سَيَقُولُ لَكَ ٱلْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ ٱلْأَعْرَابِ شَغَلَتْنَآ أَمْوَٰلُنَا وَأَهْلُونَا فَٱسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِم مَّا لَيْسَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ قُلْ فَمَن يَمْلِكُ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيْـًٔا إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ ضَرًّا أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ نَفْعًۢا بَلْ كَانَ ٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًۢا

Sa yaqoolu lakal mukhal lafoona minal-A'raabi shaighalatnaaa amwaalunaa wa ahloonaa fastaghfir lanaa; yaqooloona bi alsinatihim maa laisa fee quloobihim; qul famany yamliku lakum minal laahi shai'an in araada bikum darran aw araada bikum naf'aa; bal kaanal laahu bimaa ta'maloona Khabeeraa

Those who remained behind of the bedouins will say to you, "Our properties and our families occupied us, so ask forgiveness for us." They say with their tongues what is not within their hearts. Say, "Then who could prevent Allah at all if He intended for you harm or intended for you benefit? Rather, ever is Allah, with what you do, Acquainted.

جو گنوار پیچھے رہ گئے وہ تم سے کہیں گے کہ ہم کو ہمارے مال اور اہل وعیال نے روک رکھا آپ ہمارے لئے (خدا سے) بخشش مانگیں۔ یہ لوگ اپنی زبان سے وہ بات کہتے ہیں جو ان کے دل میں نہیں ہے۔ کہہ دو کہ اگر خدا تم (لوگوں) کو نقصان پہنچانا چاہے یا تمہیں فائدہ پہنچانے کا ارادہ فرمائے تو کون ہے جو اس کے سامنے تمہارے لئے کسی بات کا کچھ اختیار رکھے (کوئی نہیں) بلکہ جو کچھ تم کرتے ہو خدا اس سے واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Related Considerations Reference in this passage is to those Bedouin tribes who were invited by Allah's Messenger ﷺ to join the party of 1400 Muslims who were marching to Hudaibiyah but on one pretext or another, they requested to be excused. This was narrated in part [ 1] of the story of Hudaibiyah...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those of the Bedouins who were left behind around Medina — that is to say those whom God made to stay behind and not to accompany you when you had asked them to set out with you for Mecca fearing that Quraysh would attack you upon your return in the year of al-Hudaybiyya — will say to you ‘Our posse...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Fabricated Excuse offered by Those Who lagged behind and did not participate in Al-Hudaybiyyah Allah informs His Messenger of the excuses that the bedouins who lagged behind would offer him, those bedouins who preferred to remain in their homes and possessions and did not join the Messenger of A...

سُنَّةَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّتِى قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ ٱللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا

Sunnatal laahil latee qad khalat min qablu wa lan tajida lisunnatil laahi tabdeelaa

[This is] the established way of Allah which has occurred before. And never will you find in the way of Allah any change.

(یہی) خدا کی عادت ہے جو پہلے سے چلی آتی ہے۔ اور تم خدا کی عادت کبھی بدلتی نہ دیکھو گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَعَدَكُمُ اللَّـهُ مَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَ‌ةً تَأْخُذُونَهَا فَعَجَّلَ لَكُمْ هَـٰ وَأُخْرَ‌ىٰ لَمْ تَقْدِرُ‌وا عَلَيْهَا قَدْ أَحَاطَ اللَّـهُ بِهَا (And (there are) other (victories) that have not come within your power as yet, (but) Allah has encompassed them...." (48:21). This verse embodies a prophe...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: That is the way of God sunnata’Llāhi is a verbal noun emphasising the import of the preceding sentence about the defeat of the disbelievers and the victory of the believers that is to say sanna’Llāhu dhālika sunnatan ‘God has established this as His way of dealing with believers and disbelievers’ wh...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Good News of abundant Spoils of War Mujahid said that Allah's statement, وَعَدَكُمُ اللَّهُ مَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً تَأْخُذُونَهَا (Allah has promised you abundant spoils that you will capture,) refers to the spoils that Muslims earned up until this time, while, فَعَجَّلَ لَكُمْ هَـذِهِ (and He has hast...

نَحْنُ قَدَّرْنَا بَيْنَكُمُ ٱلْمَوْتَ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَسْبُوقِينَ

Nahnu qaddarnaa baina kumul mawta wa maa nahnu bimasbooqeen

We have decreed death among you, and We are not to be outdone

ہم نے تم میں مرنا ٹھہرا دیا ہے اور ہم اس (بات) سے عاجز نہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Proof of the occurrence of the Day of Resurrection Thus far the Surah dealt with three categories of people on the Plain of Hashr (Gathering.) The verses so far described the reward and punishment of these three groups. The current set of verses warn the deviant skeptics and atheists who completely ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: We have ordained read qaddarnā or qadarnā death among you and We are not to be outmanoeuvred from We are not incapable of
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Proof that Resurrection will occur Allah asserts that Resurrection will occur and refutes the misguided atheists who deny it, those who said, أَءِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَاباً وَعِظَـماً أَءِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ (When we die and become dust and bones, shall we then indeed be resurrected) 56:47 They s...

مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِىٓ أَنفُسِكُمْ إِلَّا فِى كِتَٰبٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَآ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ

Maaa asaaba mim musee batin fil ardi wa laa feee anfusikum illaa fee kitaabim min qabli an nabra ahaa; innaa zaalika 'alal laahi yaseer

No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before We bring it into being - indeed that, for Allah, is easy -

کوئی مصیبت ملک پر اور خود تم پر نہیں پڑتی مگر پیشتر اس کے کہ ہم اس کو پیدا کریں ایک کتاب میں (لکھی ہوئی) ہے۔ (اور) یہ (کام) خدا کو آسان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Factors affecting Mankind are duly measured and destined There are two sets of factors that make man unmindful of Allah and the Hereafter: [ 1] wealth, comfort and other luxuries of this world; one's over-involvement in such luxuries makes him neglectful of Allah. The previous verses have warned aga...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: No affliction befalls in the earth by way of drought for example or in yourselves such as illness or the loss of a child but it is in a Book meaning the Preserved Tablet al-lawh al-mahfūz before We bring it about before We create it — the same is said to be true of God’s graces — that is indeed easy...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Everything that affects Mankind, is duly measured and destined Allah reminds of His measuring and deciding the destiny of all things before He created the creation, مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ (No calamity occurs on the earth nor in yourselves) meaning, `there is n...

وَلَوْلَآ أَن كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْجَلَآءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمْ فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا وَلَهُمْ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ عَذَابُ ٱلنَّارِ

Wa law laaa an katabal laahu 'alaihimul jalaaa'a la'azzabahum fid dunyaa wa lahum fil Aakhirati 'azaabun Naar

And if not that Allah had decreed for them evacuation, He would have punished them in [this] world, and for them in the Hereafter is the punishment of the Fire.

اور اگر خدا نے ان کے بارے میں جلاوطن کرنا نہ لکھ رکھا ہوتا تو ان کو دنیا میں بھی عذاب دے دیتا۔ اور آخرت میں تو ان کے لئے آگ کا عذاب (تیار) ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: (1) The original word used in the text is 'hashr' which means 'gathering' or 'mustering' and after which this Surah is named. In the present context, it may be interpreted in two different ways. One, that it refers to the gathering of the Muslims who ordered the Jews to leave Madinah due to their co...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And had God not prescribed had He not decreed banishment for them departure from their homeland He would have chastised them in this world by having them killed or taken captive as He did with the Jews of Banū Qurayza and in the Hereafter there is for them the chastisement of the Fire.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Al-Madinah Ibn `Abbas used to call this chapter, `Surah Bani An-Nadir.' Sa`id bin Mansur recorded that Sa`id bin Jubayr said, "I asked Ibn `Abbas about Surat Al-Hashr and he said, `It was revealed about Bani An-Nadir."' Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded it using another chain of n...

وَلَن يُؤَخِّرَ ٱللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهَا وَٱللَّهُ خَبِيرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ

Wa lany yu 'akhkhiral laahu nafsan izaa jaaa'a ajaluhaa; wallaahu khabeerum bimaa ta'maloon

But never will Allah delay a soul when its time has come. And Allah is Acquainted with what you do.

اور جب کسی کی موت آجاتی ہے تو خدا اس کو ہرگز مہلت نہیں دیتا اور جو کچھ تم کرتے ہو خدا اس سے خبردار ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَنفِقُوا مِن مَّا رَ‌زَقْنَاكُم مِّن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِيَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ (And spend out of what We have given to you before death comes to one of you…63:10) ‘Coming of death’ in this verse refers to ‘witnessing the signs of death’. The verse exhorts the believers to make the best of their op...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But God will never reprieve a soul when its term has come. And God is Aware of what you do ta‘malūna; also read as the third person plural ya‘malūna ‘they do’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Importance of not being too concerned with the Matters of the Worldly Life, and being Charitable Allah the Exalted orders His faithful servants to remember Him frequently and to refrain from being distracted from His remembrance by indulging in their properties and children excessively. Allah in...

مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَن يُؤْمِنۢ بِٱللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُۥ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ

Maaa asaaba mim musee batin illaa bi-iznil laah; wa many yu'mim billaahi yahdi qalbah; wallaahu bikulli shai;in Aleem

No disaster strikes except by permission of Allah. And whoever believes in Allah - He will guide his heart. And Allah is Knowing of all things.

کوئی مصیبت نازل نہیں ہوتی مگر خدا کے حکم سے۔ اور جو شخص خدا پر ایمان لاتا ہے وہ اس کے دل کو ہدایت دیتا ہے۔ اور خدا ہر چیز سے باخبر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary مَا أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّـهِ ۗ وَمَن يُؤْمِن بِاللَّـهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ (And no calamity befalls [ one ], but with the leave of Allah. And whoever believes in Allah, He guides his heart…64:11) In other words, it is a reality that not even a particle can move without...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: No affliction strikes except by the leave of God by His decree. And whoever believes in God in His saying that every affliction is by His decreeing it He will guide his heart to endure it patiently. And God is Knower of all things.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All that occurs to Mankind is by Allah's Permission Allah informs us as He did in Surat Al-Hadid, مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَآ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ (No calamity occurs on the earth or in yourselves but it...

وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُۥٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَٰلِغُ أَمْرِهِۦ قَدْ جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدْرًا

Wa yarzuqhu min haisu laa yahtasib; wa many yatawakkal 'alal laahi fahuwa husbuh; innal laaha baalighu amrih; qad ja'alal laahu likulli shai'in qadraa

And will provide for him from where he does not expect. And whoever relies upon Allah - then He is sufficient for him. Indeed, Allah will accomplish His purpose. Allah has already set for everything a [decreed] extent.

اور اس کو ایسی جگہ سے رزق دے گا جہاں سے (وہم و) گمان بھی نہ ہو۔ اور جو خدا پر بھروسہ رکھے گا تو وہ اس کو کفایت کرے گا۔ خدا اپنے کام کو (جو وہ کرنا چاہتا ہے) پورا کردیتا ہے۔ خدا نے ہر چیز کا اندازہ مقرر کر رکھا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَيَرْ‌زُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ ۚ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّـهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ بَالِغُ أَمْرِ‌هِ ۚ قَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّـهُ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدْرً‌ا whoever places his trust in Allah, He is sufficient for him. Surely Allah is to accomplish His purpose. Allah has set a measur...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and He will provide for him from whence he never expected from whence it never occurred to him. And whoever puts his trust in God regarding his affairs He will suffice him. Indeed God fulfils His command His will a variant reading for bālighun amrahu has the genitive construction bālighu amrihi. Ver...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Ordaining Kindness towards Divorced Women Allah the Exalted says that when the woman who is in her `Iddah nears the end of the `Iddah term, the husband must decide to reconcile with her, thus keeping their marriage together, بِمَعْرُوفٍ (in a good manner) while being kind to her in their companionsh...

وَأَنَّا لَا نَدْرِىٓ أَشَرٌّ أُرِيدَ بِمَن فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ أَمْ أَرَادَ بِهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ رَشَدًا

Wa annaa laa nadreee asharrun ureeda biman fil ardi am araada bihim rabbuhum rashadaa

And we do not know [therefore] whether evil is intended for those on earth or whether their Lord intends for them a right course.

اور یہ کہ ہمیں معلوم نہیں کہ اس سے اہل زمین کے حق میں برائی مقصود ہے یا ان کے پروردگار نے ان کی بھلائی کا ارادہ فرمایا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَنَّا لَا نَدْرِ‌ي أَشَرٌّ‌ أُرِ‌يدَ بِمَن فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ أَمْ أَرَ‌ادَ بِهِمْ رَ‌بُّهُمْ رَ‌شَدًا (and that we do not know whether it is a bad end that is intended for those on earth, or their Lord has intended for them a right thing,....72:10). The Jinn and devils were barred from having access...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And we do not know by not being able to eavesdrop by stealth whether ill is intended for those who are in the earth or whether their Lord intends for them good.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Jinns stealing Information from the Sky before the the Messenger ﷺ was sent and striking Them with flaming Fire after His Coming. Allah informs about the Jinns when He sent His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ and revealed the Qur'an to him. Among the ways He protected it (the Qur'an) was by filling sky wit...

وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَٰٓئِكَةً وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَيَزْدَادَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِيمَٰنًا وَلَا يَرْتَابَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَلِيَقُولَ ٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ وَٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَمَا هِىَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَىٰ لِلْبَشَرِ

Wa maaja''alnaaa As haaban naari illaa malaaa 'ikatanw wa maa ja'alnaa 'iddatahum illaa fitnatal lillazeena kafaroo liyastayqinal lazeena ootul kitaaba wa yazdaadal lazeena aamanooo eemaananw wa laa yartaabal lazeena ootul kitaaba walmu'minoona wa liyaqoolal lazeena fee quloo bihim maradunw walkaafiroona maazaaa araadal laahu bihaazaa masalaa; kazaalika yudillul laahu many yashaaa'u wa yahdee many yashaaa'; wa maa ya'lamu junooda rabbika illaa hoo; wa maa hiya illaa zikraa lil bashar

And We have not made the keepers of the Fire except angels. And We have not made their number except as a trial for those who disbelieve - that those who were given the Scripture will be convinced and those who have believed will increase in faith and those who were given the Scripture and the believers will not doubt and that those in whose hearts is hypocrisy and the disbelievers will say, "What does Allah intend by this as an example?" Thus does Allah leave astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. And none knows the soldiers of your Lord except Him. And mention of the Fire is not but a reminder to humanity.

اور ہم نے دوزخ کے داروغہ فرشتے بنائے ہیں۔ اور ان کا شمار کافروں کی آزمائش کے لئے مقرر کیا ہے (اور) اس لئے کہ اہل کتاب یقین کریں اور مومنوں کا ایمان اور زیادہ ہو اور اہل کتاب اور مومن شک نہ لائیں۔ اور اس لئے کہ جن لوگوں کے دلوں میں (نفاق کا) مرض ہے اور (جو) کافر (ہیں) کہیں کہ اس مثال (کے بیان کرنے) سے خدا کا مقصد کیا ہے؟ اسی طرح خدا جس کو چاہتا ہے گمراہ کرتا ہے اور جس کو چاہتا ہے ہدایت کرتا ہے اور تمہارے پروردگار کے لشکروں کو اس کے سوا کوئی نہیں جانتا۔ اور یہ تو بنی آدم کے لئے نصیحت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُوْدَ رَبِّكَ اِلَّا هُو (...And no one knows the hosts of your Lord but He 74:31) Muqatil, among the leading authorities, says that this is rebuttal to Abu Jahl's statement. When he heard this verse which says that there are nineteen angels in charge of Hell, he addressed the yout...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We have appointed only angels as wardens of the Fire in other words and so they cannot be withstood as these disbelievers are wont to imagine; and We have made their number so only as a stumbling-block a cause for error for those who disbelieve when they then say ‘Why are there nineteen of them?...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Number of Guardians of Hell and what the Disbelievers said about that Allah says, وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَـبَ النَّارِ (And We have set none as (Ashab) guardians of the Fire) meaning, its guardians. إِلاَّ مَلَـئِكَةً (but angels.) Guardian angels, stern and severe. This is a refutation of the ido...

إِلَىٰ قَدَرٍ مَّعْلُومٍ

Illaa qadrim ma'loom

For a known extent.

ایک وقت معین تک

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: ثُمَّ نُتْبِعُهُمُ الْآخِرِ‌ينَ (Then We will cause the later ones to follow them....77:17) According to popular reading, Verse 17 purports to say that the present-day infidels, the people of Makkah, will receive punishment soon. They were punished and destroyed by Muslims in the Battle of Badr and ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: for a known span? namely the time for delivery.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Call to contemplate the various Manifestations of Allah's Power Allah says, أَلَمْ نُهْلِكِ الاٌّوَّلِينَ (Did We not destroy the ancients) meaning, those who rejected the Messengers and opposed what they came to them with. ثُمَّ نُتْبِعُهُمُ الاٌّخِرِينَ (So shall We make later generations to f...

مِن نُّطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُۥ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ

Min nutfah; khalaqahu faqad-darah.

From a sperm-drop He created him and destined for him;

نطفے سے بنایا پھر اس کا اندازہ مقرر کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: خَلَقَهُ فَقَدَّرَ‌هُ (He created him, and designed him in due proportion..80:19). In other words, He has made him with a special design and with great wisdom. His stature, body-structure, his face, his length and breadth of the limbs, his joints, his eyes, nose and ears are all well-proportioned in...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: From a drop of sperm did He create him then proportion him in stages as a blood-clot then an embryo up to the last stage of his creation.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Refutation against Whoever denies Life after Death Allah rebukes those who deny the Resurrection and the Final Gathering. قُتِلَ الإِنسَـنُ مَآ أَكْفَرَهُ (Qutila mankind!) Ad-Dahhak reported from Ibn `Abbas that he said, قُتِلَ الإِنسَـنُ (Qutila mankind!) "May man be cursed." Abu Malik also ma...

وَمَا تَشَآءُونَ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

Wa maa tashaaa'oona illaaa ai yashaaa 'al laahu Rabbul 'Aalameen

And you do not will except that Allah wills - Lord of the worlds.

اور تم کچھ بھی نہیں چاہ سکتے مگر وہی جو خدائے رب العالمین چاہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: إِنَّهُ لَقَوْلُ رَ‌سُولٍ كَرِ‌يمٍ ذِي قُوَّةٍ عِندَ ذِي الْعَرْ‌شِ مَكِينٍ (it [ the Qur'an ] is surely the word of a noble messenger [ Jibra'il ], the one possessing power and a high status with the Lord of the Throne...81:19-20). This is the subject of oath that affirms that Qur'an is the word br...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: but you will not wish to go straight along the path of truth unless God the Lord of the Worlds of all creatures wills that you should go straight along it.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Explanation of the Words Al-Khunnas and Al-Kunnas Muslim recorded in his Sahih, and An-Nasa'i in his Book of Tafsir, in explaining this Ayah, from `Amr bin Hurayth that he said, "I prayed the Morning prayer behind the Prophet , and I heard him reciting, فَلاَ أُقْسِمُ بِالْخُنَّسِ - الْجَوَارِ ا...

فَعَّالٌ لِّمَا يُرِيدُ

Fa' 'aalul limaa yureed

Effecter of what He intends.

جو چاہتا ہے کر دیتا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَتَنُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا (Surely, those who persecuted the believing men and the believing women, then did not repent,...85:10) This verse describes the torment of the wrong-doers who burned the Muslims in the fire pit only on account of their fai...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Doer of what He desires nothing able to thwart Him.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reward of the Righteous, and the Harsh Seizing of the Disbelieving Enemies of Allah Allah informs about His believing servants that لَهُمْ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَـرُ (for them will be Gardens under which rivers flow.) This is the opposite of what he has prepared for His enemies o...

وَٱلَّذِى قَدَّرَ فَهَدَىٰ

Wallazee qaddara fahadaa

And who destined and [then] guided

اور جس نے (اس کا) اندازہ ٹہرایا (پھر اس کو) رستہ بتایا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Subtle and Profound Wisdom in the Creation of the Universe الَّذِي خَلَقَ فَسَوَّىٰ وَالَّذِي قَدَّرَ فَهَدَىٰ (who created [ everything ], then made [ it ] well, and who determined a measure [ for everything ], then guided [ it ]...87:2, 3). All these are the attributes of the 'Most Exalted Lord'. ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and Who determined what He wants and guided to what He had determined of good or evil
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surat Al-A`la This Surah was revealed in Makkah before the migration to Al-Madinah. The proof of this is what Al-Bukhari recorded from Al-Bara' bin `Azib, that he said, "The first people to come to us (in Al-Madinah) from the Companions of the Prophet were...

تَنَزَّلُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ وَٱلرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ

Tanaz zalul malaa-ikatu war roohu feeha bi izni-rab bihim min kulli amr

The angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for every matter.

اس میں روح (الامین) اور فرشتے ہر کام کے (انتظام کے) لیے اپنے پروردگار کے حکم سے اترتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Descent of the Angels and the Spirit with Divine Decrees Verse [ 4] نَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّ‌وحُ (The angels and the Spirit descend in it, with the leave of their Lord, along with every command.) 'Spirit' here refers to Jibra'il (علیہ السلام) . Sayyidna Anas ؓ narrates that the Messenger of Al...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The angels and the Spirit namely Gabriel descend tanazzalu one of the two original tā’ letters of tatanazzalu has been omitted in it on that night by the leave of their Lord by His command with every command that God has decreed from that year to the following one min is causative functioning as bi ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtues of the Night of Al-Qadr (the Decree) Allah informs that He sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Al-Qadr, and it is a blessed night about which Allah says, إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَـهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَـرَكَةٍ (We sent it down on a blessed night.) (44:3) This is the Night of Al-Qadr and it oc...
Hadith — 4 traditions
Sahih Muslim 46:30sahih

حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ، فِيمَا قُرِئَ عَلَيْهِ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَدْرَكْتُ نَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُونَ كُلُّ شَىْءٍ بِقَدَرٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ كُلُّ شَىْءٍ بِقَدَرٍ حَتَّى الْعَجْزُ وَالْكَيْسُ أَوِ الْكَيْسُ وَالْعَجْزُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Tawus reported:I found some Companions of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Everything is by measure. And he further said: I heard Abdullah b. 'Umar as saying: There is a neasure for everything-even for incapacity and-capability

محمد بن عباد بن جعفر مخزومی نے حضرت ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ عنہ سے روایت کی ، کہا : مشرکین قریش تقدیر کے بارے میں رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے بحث کرنے کے لیے آئے ، اس وقت ( یہ آیت ) نازل ہوئی : " جس دن وہ جہنم میں اوندھے منہ گھسیٹے جائیں گے ، ( کہا جائے گا : ) دوزخ کا عذاب چکھو ، بےشک ہم نے ہر چیز کو ( طے شدہ ) مقدار کے مطابق بنایا ہے ۔

Sahih Muslim 46:45sahih

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ قَعْنَبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ رَقَبَةَ، بْنِ مَسْقَلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ أُبَىِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ إِنَّ الْغُلاَمَ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ الْخَضِرُ طُبِعَ كَافِرًا وَلَوْ عَاشَ لأَرْهَقَ أَبَوَيْهِ طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Ubayy b. Ka'b reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said:The young man whom Khadir killed was a non-believer by his very nature and had he survived he would have involved his parents in defiance and unbelief

فضیل بن عمرو نے عائشہ بنت طلحہ سے اور انہوں نے ام المومنین حضرت عائشہ صدیقہ رضی اللہ عنہا سے روایت کی کہ ایک بچہ فوت ہوا تو میں نے کہا : اس کے لیے خوش خبری ہو ، وہ تو جنت کی چڑیوں میں سے ایک چڑیا ہے ۔ تو رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا : " کیا تم نہیں جانتی کہ اللہ تعالیٰ نے جنت کو پیدا کیا اور دوزخ کو پیدا کیا اور اس کے لیے بھی اس میں جانے والے بنائے اور اُس کے لیے بھی اس میں رہنے والے بنائے؟

Sahih Muslim 46:46sahih

حَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قَالَتْ تُوُفِّيَ صَبِيٌّ فَقُلْتُ طُوبَى لَهُ عُصْفُورٌ مِنْ عَصَافِيرِ الْجَنَّةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ أَوَلاَ تَدْرِينَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الْجَنَّةَ وَخَلَقَ النَّارَ فَخَلَقَ لِهَذِهِ أَهْلاً وَلِهَذِهِ أَهْلاً ‏"‏ ‏.‏

A'isha, the mother of the believers, reported that a child died and I said:There is happiness for this child who is a bird from amongst the birds of Paradise. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Don't you know that Allah created the Paradise and He created the Hell and He created the dwellers for this (Paradise) and the denizens for this (Hell)?

وکیع نے طلحہ بن یحییٰ سے ، انہوں نے اپنی پھوپھی عائشہ بنت طلحہ سے اور انہوں نے ام المومنین حضرت عائشہ رضی اللہ عنہا سے روایت کی ، انہوں نے کہا : رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کو انصار کے ایک بچے کے جنازے کے لیے بلایا گیا ، میں نے کہا : اللہ کے رسول! اس کے لیے خوش خبری ہو یہ جنت کی چڑیوں میں سے ایک چڑیا ہے ، اس نے کوئی گناہ کیا ، نہ گناہ کرنے کی عمر پائی ، آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا : " یا اس کے علاوہ کچھ اور؟ عائشہ! اللہ تعالیٰ نے جنت میں رہنے والے لوگ پیدا فرمائے ، انہیں اس وقت جنت کے لیے تخلیق کیا جب وہ اپنے باپوں کی پشتوں میں تھے اور دوزخ کے لیے بھی رہنے والے بنائے ، انہیں اس وقت دوزخ کے لیے تخلیق کیا جب وہ اپنے باپوں کی پشتوں میں تھے ۔

Sahih Muslim 46:47sahih

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَمَّتِهِ، عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قَالَتْ دُعِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى جَنَازَةِ صَبِيٍّ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ طُوبَى لِهَذَا عُصْفُورٌ مِنْ عَصَافِيرِ الْجَنَّةِ لَمْ يَعْمَلِ السُّوءَ وَلَمْ يُدْرِكْهُ قَالَ ‏ "‏ أَوَغَيْرَ ذَلِكَ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ لِلْجَنَّةِ أَهْلاً خَلَقَهُمْ لَهَا وَهُمْ فِي أَصْلاَبِ آبَائِهِمْ وَخَلَقَ لِلنَّارِ أَهْلاً خَلَقَهُمْ لَهَا وَهُمْ فِي أَصْلاَبِ آبَائِهِمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

A'isha, the mother of the believers, said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was called to lead the funeral prayer of a child of the Ansar. I said:Allah's Messenger, there is happiness for this child who is a bird from the birds of Paradise for it committed no sin nor has he reached the age when one can commit sin. He said: 'A'isha, per adventure, it may be otherwise, because God created for Paradise those who are fit for it while they were yet in their father's loins and created for Hell those who are to go to Hell. He created them for Hell while they were yet in their father's loins

اسماعیل بن زکریا اور سفیان ثوری نے طلحہ بن یحییٰ سے وکیع کی حدیث کے مانند اسی کی سند کے ساتھ روایت کی ۔

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