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Revelation of the Qur'an

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Revelation of the Qur'an

نزول القرآن

The Revelation of the Qur'an (نزول القرآن) marks the momentous divine act of sending down God's final sacred scripture to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This profound process unfolded gradually over 23 years, beginning in the blessed month of Ramadan, when [the Qur'an was revealed as a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion]. It signifies a pivotal moment in human history, as [Allah revealed this Book to His Servant that he might bring mankind out of darknesses into the light by permission of their Lord]. This ongoing revelation, which began with the first verses in the Cave of Hira, continued until shortly before the Prophet's passing. Muslims believe [All praise is due to Allah, who has sent down upon His Servant the Book and has not made therein any deviance], making it a perfect guide. The Qur'an serves as a profound [mercy and reminder for a people who believe], offering timeless wisdom, ethical principles, and laws to shape individual and communal life. Its revelation underscores Allah's boundless compassion and His desire to guide humanity towards truth and righteousness, originating directly [from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise].

Quran 11 verses

شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أُنزِلَ فِيهِ ٱلْقُرْءَانُ هُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَٰتٍ مِّنَ ٱلْهُدَىٰ وَٱلْفُرْقَانِ فَمَن شَهِدَ مِنكُمُ ٱلشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَن كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ بِكُمُ ٱلْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ ٱلْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُوا۟ ٱلْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Shahru Ramadaanallazeee unzila feehil Qur'aanu hudal linnaasi wa baiyinaatim minal hudaa wal furqaan; faman shahida minkumush shahra falyasumhu wa man kaana mareedan aw 'alaa safarin fa'iddatum min ayyaamin ukhar; yureedul laahu bikumul yusra wa laa yureedu bikumul 'usra wa litukmilul 'iddata wa litukabbirul laaha 'alaa maa hadaakum wa la'allakum tashkuroon

The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship and [wants] for you to complete the period and to glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful.

(روزوں کا مہینہ) رمضان کا مہینہ (ہے) جس میں قرآن (اول اول) نازل ہوا جو لوگوں کا رہنما ہے اور (جس میں) ہدایت کی کھلی نشانیاں ہیں اور (جو حق و باطل کو) الگ الگ کرنے والا ہے تو جو کوئی تم میں سے اس مہینے میں موجود ہو چاہیئے کہ پورے مہینے کے روزے رکھے اور جو بیمار ہو یا سفر میں ہو تو دوسرے دنوں میں (رکھ کر) ان کا شمار پورا کرلے۔ خدا تمہارے حق میں آسانی چاہتا ہے اور سختی نہیں چاہتا اور (یہ آسانی کا حکم) اس لئے (دیا گیا ہے) کہ تم روزوں کا شمار پورا کرلو اور اس احسان کے بدلے کہ خدا نے تم کو ہدایت بخشی ہے تم اس کو بزرگی سے یاد کر واور اس کا شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The merits of the month of Ramadan The present verse is an extension of the previous brief verse and also an assertion of the great merit the month of Ramadan holds in its fold. This is an extension because the expression أَيَّامًا مَّعْدُودَاتٍ (Days few in number) in Verse 184 is a bit vague and w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: These days of the month of Ramadān wherein the Qur’ān was revealed from the Preserved Tablet to the earthly heaven on the Night of Ordainment laylat al-qadr from Him a guidance hudan ‘a guidance’ is a circumstantial qualifier guiding away from error for the people and as clear proofs lucid verses of...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtue of Ramadan and the Revelation of the Qur'an in it. Allah praised the month of Ramadan out of the other months by choosing it to send down the Glorious Qur'an, just as He did for all of the Divine Books He revealed to the Prophets. Imam Ahmad reported Wathilah bin Al-Asqa` that Allah's Mes...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ الٓر كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ ٱلنَّاسَ مِنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَمِيدِ

Alif-Laaam-Raa; Kitaabun anzalnaahu ilaika litukhrijan-naasa minaz zulumaati ilan noori bi-izni Rabbihim ilaa siraatil 'Azeezil Hameed

Alif, Lam, Ra. [This is] a Book which We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], that you might bring mankind out of darknesses into the light by permission of their Lord - to the path of the Exalted in Might, the Praiseworthy -

الٓرٰ۔ (یہ) ایک (پُرنور) کتاب (ہے) اس کو ہم نے تم پر اس لیے نازل کیا ہے کہ لوگوں کو اندھیرے سے نکال کر روشنی کی طرف لے جاؤ (یعنی) ان کے پروردگار کے حکم سے غالب اور قابل تعریف (خدا) کے رستے کی طرف

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The Surah and Its Subjects Beginning here is Surah Ibrahim, the fourteenth Surah of the Holy Qur'an. This Surah is Makki. It was revealed before Hijrah with the exception of some verses about which difference exists whether they are Makki or Madani. In the beginning of the Surah, there is...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Alif lām rā’ God knows best what He means by these letters. This Qur’ān is a Book We have revealed to you O Muhammad (s) that you may bring forth mankind from darkness from unbelief into light into faith by the leave by the command of their Lord ilā’l-nūr ‘into light’ may be substituted by the follo...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah (بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ ) In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Describing the Qur'an and warning Those Who defy it Previously we discussed the meaning of the separate letters that appear in the beginnings of some Surahs. كِتَابٌ أَن...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ عِوَجَا

Alhamdu lillaahil lazeee anzala 'alaa 'abdihil kitaaba wa lam yaj'al lahoo 'iwajaa

[All] praise is [due] to Allah, who has sent down upon His Servant the Book and has not made therein any deviance.

سب تعریف خدا ہی کو ہے جس نے اپنے بندے (محمدﷺ) پر (یہ) کتاب نازل کی اور اس میں کسی طرح کی کجی (اور پیچیدگی) نہ رکھی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The properties and merits of Surah al-Kahf According to a narration of Sayyidna Abu al-Darda' ؓ appearing in Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, al-Nasa'i and the Musnad of Ahmad, one who has memorized the first ten verses of Surah al-Kahf will remain protected from the ill effects of Dajjal (imposter). In...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Praise — which is the attribution to a person of that which is beautiful — is established as something that belongs to God alone exalted be He. Now is the intention here to point this out for the purpose of believing in it or to praise God thereby or both? All are possibilities the most profitable o...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah What has been mentioned about the Virtues of this Surah and the first and last ten Ayat Imam Ahmad recorded that Al-Bara' said: "A man recited Al-Kahf and there was an animal in the house which began acting in a nervous manner. He looked, and saw a fog or cloud overhead....

أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِهِمْ أَنَّآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ يُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَرَحْمَةً وَذِكْرَىٰ لِقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ

Awa lam yakfihim annaaa anzalnaa 'alaikal kitaaba yutlaa 'alaikhim; inna fee zaalika larahmatanw wa zikraa liqawminy yu'minoon

And is it not sufficient for them that We revealed to you the Book which is recited to them? Indeed in that is a mercy and reminder for a people who believe.

کیا اُن لوگوں کے لئے یہ کافی نہیں کہ ہم نے تم پر کتاب نازل کی جو اُن کو پڑھ کر سنائی جاتی ہے۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ مومن لوگوں کے لیے اس میں رحمت اور نصیحت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The status of the narrations of the People of the Book quoted by the commentators in their commentaries is also the same. The object of their reproduction in the commentaries is meant to highlight their historical position. They cannot be used for determining what is permitted (halal) and what is no...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Is it not sufficient for them regarding what they have demanded that We have revealed to you the Book the Qur’ān which is recited to them? — as it constitutes a ongoing sign that will never terminate in contrast to the signs mentioned. Surely in that Book is mercy and a reminder an admonition for a ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Idolators' demand for Signs, and the Response Allah tells us how the idolators stubbornly demanded signs, meaning that they wanted signs to show them that Muhammad was indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, just as Salih was given the sign of the she-camel. Allah says: قُلْ (Say) -- `O Muhammad' -- إِ...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ تَنزِيلُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ

Tanzeelul Kitaabi minal laahil 'Azeezil Hakeem

The revelation of the Qur'an is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

اس کتاب کا اُتارا جانا خدائے غالب (اور) حکمت والے کی طرف سے ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 86, it was said: وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ (nor am I from among those who make up things artificially.). The blameworthiness of artificial behavior The statement means: 'I am not declaring my prophethood artificially, nor am I falsely pretending to have knowledge and wisdom, rather...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The revelation of the Book the Qur’ān tanzīlu’l-kitābi the subject is from God mina’Llāhi its predicate the Mighty in His kingdom the Wise in His handiwork.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surat Az-Zumar An-Nasa'i recorded that `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast until we would say, `He does not want to break fast,' and he would not fast until we would say, `He does not want to fast.' And he ...

إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَٰرَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ

Innaaa anzalnaahu fee lailatim mubaarakah; innaa kunnaa munzireen

Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind].

کہ ہم نے اس کو مبارک رات میں نازل فرمایا ہم تو رستہ دکھانے والے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَارَ‌كَةٍ 'blessed night', in verse 2 according to majority of the Commentators, refers to 'laylatul Qadr' or the 'Night of Power' which occurs in the last ten nights of the month of Ramadan. During this night Allah sends down countless blessings for his slaves/servants. It has been exp...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Indeed We revealed it on a blessed night the Night of Ordainment laylat al-qadr or the eve of the middle of Sha‘bān in which it was revealed from the Mother Book from the seventh heaven to the heaven of this world. Indeed We have been warning We have been causing people by it to have fear of God.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah In Musnad Al-Bazzar, it is recorded from Abu At-Tufayl `Amir bin Wathilah from Zayd bin Harithah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Ibn Sayyad: «إِنِّي قَدْ خَبَأْتُ خَبْأً فَمَا هُوَ؟» (I am concealing something, what is it) And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was concealin...

وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَآ إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًا مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ قَالُوٓا۟ أَنصِتُوا۟ فَلَمَّا قُضِىَ وَلَّوْا۟ إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِم مُّنذِرِينَ

Wa iz sarafinaaa ilaika nafaram minal jinni yastami'oonal Quraana falammaa hadaroohu qaalooo ansitoo falammaa qudiya wallaw ilaa qawmihim munzireen

And [mention, O Muhammad], when We directed to you a few of the jinn, listening to the Qur'an. And when they attended it, they said, "Listen quietly." And when it was concluded, they went back to their people as warners.

اور جب ہم نے جنوں میں سے کئی شخص تمہاری طرف متوجہ کئے کہ قرآن سنیں۔ تو جب وہ اس کے پاس آئے تو (آپس میں) کہنے لگے کہ خاموش رہو۔ جب (پڑھنا) تمام ہوا تو اپنی برادری کے لوگوں میں واپس گئے کہ (ان کو) نصیحت کریں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The previous verses have condemned the infidelity and the arrogant attitude of the infidels and its destructive results. In these verses, the people of Makkah are being put to shame by telling them that even jinn, who are even more proud and haughty than you, had their hearts softened aft...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And mention when We sent a company of jinn your way — the jinn of Nasībīn in Yemen or the jinn of Nineveh who were seven or nine and this was while the Prophet s was leading the dawn prayer with some of his Companions at Batn Nakhla as reported by the two Shaykhs al-Bukhārī and Muslim — to listen to...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Jinns listening to the Qur'an Imam Ahmad recorded from Az-Zubayr that he commented on the Ayah; وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَآ إِلَيْكَ نَفَراً مِّنَ الْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقُرْءَانَ (And (remember) when We sent towards you a group of the Jinn, to listen to the Qur'an.) "They were at a place c...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ نٓ وَٱلْقَلَمِ وَمَا يَسْطُرُونَ

Noon; walqalami wa maa yasturoon

Nun. By the pen and what they inscribe,

نٓ۔ قلم کی اور جو (اہل قلم) لکھتے ہیں اس کی قسم

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Linkage of Surahs The preceding Surah dealt with the existence of Allah, His Oneness, and His knowledge and power, and adduced, as a positive proof of these attributes, was the fact that Allah is the Creator of death and life, and of the entire universe through whose component parts there...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Nūn one of the letters of the alphabet God knows best what He means by it. By the Pen with which He has inscribed the records of all creatures in the Preserved Tablet and what they inscribe that is the angels of good and righteousness.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. ن (Nun), is like Allah's saying, ص (Sad), and Allah's saying, ق (Qaf), and similar to them from the individual letters that appear at the beginning of Qur'anic chapters. Th...

سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنسَىٰٓ

Sanuqri'uka falaa tansaaa

We will make you recite, [O Muhammad], and you will not forget,

ہم تمہیں پڑھا دیں گے کہ تم فراموش نہ کرو گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنسَىٰ ۔ إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ اللَّـهُ (We will make you recite, then you will not forget, except that which Allah wills. Indeed He knows what is manifest and what is hidden....87:6-7). In the preceding verses, Allah depicted the manifestation of His Omnipotence and [ profound ] wisd...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: We will have you recite the Qur’ān so that you will not forget what you recite
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surat Al-A`la This Surah was revealed in Makkah before the migration to Al-Madinah. The proof of this is what Al-Bukhari recorded from Al-Bara' bin `Azib, that he said, "The first people to come to us (in Al-Madinah) from the Companions of the Prophet were...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ٱقْرَأْ بِٱسْمِ رَبِّكَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ

Iqra bismi rab bikal lazee khalaq

Recite in the name of your Lord who created -

(اے محمدﷺ) اپنے پروردگار کا نام لے کر پڑھو جس نے (عالم کو) پیدا کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Beginning of The Qur’ anic Revelation It is universally agreed that the first five verses of Surah Al-` Alaq or Iqra' mark the very beginning of Qur’ anic revelation. [ Baghawi ]. Bukhari, Muslim, other authentic sources and overwhelming consensus of scholars, ancient and modern, all concur on this ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Recite bring recitation into existence beginning with In the Name of your Lord Who created all creatures;
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah This was the First of the Qur'an revealed بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Beginning of the Prophethood of Muhammad ﷺ and the First of the Qur'an revealed Imam Ahmad recorded that `A'ishah said: The fi...

بِّسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ فِى لَيْلَةِ ٱلْقَدْرِ

Innaa anzalnaahu fee lailatil qadr

Indeed, We sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Decree.

ہم نے اس (قرآن) کو شب قدر میں نازل (کرنا شروع) کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Occasion of Revelation Ibn Abi Hatim has reported from Mujhid (as mursal hadith) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was told about a mujahid [ warrior in the cause of religion ] from amongst the Children of Israel who carried weapons of war on his shoulders for a thousand months during which time he neve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Lo! We revealed it that is the Qur’ān in its entirety sending it down from the Preserved Tablet to the heaven of this world on the Night of Ordainment that is the Night of great eminence.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtues of the Night of Al-Qadr (the Decree) Allah informs that He sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Al-Qadr, and it is a blessed night about which Allah says, إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَـهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَـرَكَةٍ (We sent it down on a blessed night.) (44:3) This is the Night of Al-Qadr and it oc...

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