بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ
'Abasa wa tawallaa.
The Prophet frowned and turned away
(محمد مصطفٰےﷺ) ترش رُو ہوئے اور منہ پھیر بیٹھے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He the Prophet frowned glowered with his face and turned away
أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلْأَعْمَىٰ
An jaa-ahul 'a-maa
Because there came to him the blind man, [interrupting].
کہ ان کے پاس ایک نابینا آیا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
because the blind man came to him ‘Abd Allāh son of Umm Maktūm who interrupted him while he was busy with those notables of Quryash whose submission to God he was very eager for. The blind man was not aware that he was busy with these and so he called out to him ‘Teach me of what God has taught you’. However the Prophet s went off to his house. He was then reproached for this with what was revealed in this sūra. Afterwards whenever he came to him the Prophet would say to him ‘Greetings to him on whose account God reproached me!’ and would lay down his cloak for him.
وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ
Wa maa yudreeka la'allahu yaz zakkaa.
But what would make you perceive, [O Muhammad], that perhaps he might be purified
اور تم کو کیا خبر شاید وہ پاکیزگی حاصل کرتا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And how would you know? Perhaps he would cleanse himself yazzakkā the original tā’ of yatazakkā has been assimilated with the zāy that is perhaps he would purge himself of sins by what he hears from you
أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰٓ
Au yaz zak karu fatanfa 'ahuz zikraa.
Or be reminded and the remembrance would benefit him?
یا سوچتا تو سمجھانا اسے فائدہ دیتا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
or be admonished yadhdhakkar the original tā’ of yatadhakkar has been assimilated with the dhāl and so the reminder the admonition heard from you might benefit him a variant reading for tanfa‘uhu has tanfa‘ahu as the response to the optative statement.
أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسْتَغْنَىٰ
Amma manis taghnaa
As for he who thinks himself without need,
جو پروا نہیں کرتا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But as for the one who thinks himself self-sufficient through wealth
فَأَنتَ لَهُۥ تَصَدَّىٰ
Fa-anta lahu tasaddaa
To him you give attention.
اس کی طرف تو تم توجہ کرتے ہو
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
to him you do attend tasaddā a variant reading has tassaddā where the original second tā’ of tatasaddā has been assimilated with the sād him you accept and turn your attention to;
وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ
Wa ma 'alaika allaa yaz zakka.
And not upon you [is any blame] if he will not be purified.
حالانکہ اگر وہ نہ سنورے تو تم پر کچھ (الزام) نہیں
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
yet it is not your concern if he does not cleanse himself if he does not believe.
وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسْعَىٰ
Wa amma man jaa-aka yas'a
But as for he who came to you striving [for knowledge]
اور جو تمہارے پاس دوڑتا ہوا آیا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But as for him who comes to you hurrying yas‘ā is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of the verb jā’a ‘comes’
وَهُوَ يَخْشَىٰ
Wahuwa yakhshaa,
While he fears [Allah],
اور (خدا سے) ڈرتا ہے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
fearful of God wa-huwa yakhshā is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of the verb yas‘ā ‘hurrying’ — this being the blind man —
فَأَنتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّىٰ
Fa-anta 'anhu talah haa.
From him you are distracted.
اس سے تم بےرخی کرتے ہو
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
to him you pay no heed talahhā the original second tā’ of tatalahhā has been omitted that is to say from him you are distracted by other things.
كَلَّآ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ
Kalla innaha tazkirah
No! Indeed, these verses are a reminder;
دیکھو یہ (قرآن) نصیحت ہے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
No indeed! do not behave like this. Truly it the sūra is or the verses are a reminder an admonition for all creatures —
فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُۥ
Faman shaa a zakarah
So whoever wills may remember it.
پس جو چاہے اسے یاد رکھے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
so let whoever will remember it preserve it in his memory and thus be admonished by it —
فِى صُحُفٍ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ
Fi suhufim mukar rama,
[It is recorded] in honored sheets,
قابل ادب ورقوں میں (لکھا ہوا)
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
on leaves fī suhufin is the second predicate of innahā ‘truly it’ and what precedes it is a parenthetical statement that are honoured by God
مَّرْفُوعَةٍ مُّطَهَّرَةٍۭ
Marfoo'atim mutah hara,
Exalted and purified,
جو بلند مقام پر رکھے ہوئے (اور) پاک ہیں
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
elevated in the heavens purified exalted above the touch of devils
بِأَيْدِى سَفَرَةٍ
Bi'aidee safara
[Carried] by the hands of messenger-angels,
لکھنے والوں کے ہاتھوں میں
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
in the hands of scribes who write it down from the Preserved Tablet
كِرَامٍۭ بَرَرَةٍ
Kiraamim bararah.
Noble and dutiful.
جو سردار اور نیکو کار ہیں
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
noble pious obedient to God exalted be He these being the angels.
قُتِلَ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ مَآ أَكْفَرَهُۥ
Qutilal-insanu maa akfarah.
Cursed is man; how disbelieving is he.
انسان ہلاک ہو جائے کیسا ناشکرا ہے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Perish man! accursed be the disbeliever! What has made him ungrateful? an interrogative statement meant as a rebuke — what has driven him to disbelief?
مِنْ أَىِّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقَهُۥ
Min aiyyi shai-in Khalaq
From what substance did He create him?
اُسے (خدا نے) کس چیز سے بنایا؟
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
From what thing has He created him? an interrogative meant as an affirmative which He then explains by saying
مِن نُّطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُۥ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ
Min nutfah; khalaqahu faqad-darah.
From a sperm-drop He created him and destined for him;
نطفے سے بنایا پھر اس کا اندازہ مقرر کیا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
From a drop of sperm did He create him then proportion him in stages as a blood-clot then an embryo up to the last stage of his creation.
ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُۥ
Thummas sabeela yas-sarah
Then He eased the way for him;
پھر اس کے لیے رستہ آسان کر دیا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then He made the way his exit from his mother’s belly easy for him;
ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُۥ فَأَقْبَرَهُۥ
Thumma amatahu fa-aqbarah
Then He causes his death and provides a grave for him.
پھر اس کو موت دی پھر قبر میں دفن کرایا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
then He makes him die and buries him He places him in a grave that hides him;
ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُۥ
Thumma iza shaa-a ansharah
Then when He wills, He will resurrect him.
پھر جب چاہے گا اسے اٹھا کھڑا کرے گا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
then when He wills He will raise him for the Resurrection.
كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقْضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُۥ
Kalla lamma yaqdi maa amarah.
No! Man has not yet accomplished what He commanded him.
کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا نے اسے جو حکم دیا اس نے اس پر عمل نہ کیا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
No indeed! Verily he has not accomplished he has not done what He his Lord commanded him to do.
فَلْيَنظُرِ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦٓ
Falyanzuril insanu ilaa ta-amih
Then let mankind look at his food -
تو انسان کو چاہیئے کہ اپنے کھانے کی طرف نظر کرے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So let man consider in reflection his source of food how it is determined and procured for him
أَنَّا صَبَبْنَا ٱلْمَآءَ صَبًّا
Anna sabab nalmaa-a sabba.
How We poured down water in torrents,
بے شک ہم ہی نے پانی برسایا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
that We pour down water from the clouds plenteously;
ثُمَّ شَقَقْنَا ٱلْأَرْضَ شَقًّا
Thumma sha qaqnal-arda shaqqa.
Then We broke open the earth, splitting [it with sprouts],
پھر ہم ہی نے زمین کو چیرا پھاڑا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
then We split the earth into fissures with vegetation
فَأَنۢبَتْنَا فِيهَا حَبًّا
Fa ambatna feeha habba
And caused to grow within it grain
پھر ہم ہی نے اس میں اناج اگایا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and cause the grains such as wheat and barley to grow therein
وَعِنَبًا وَقَضْبًا
Wa 'inabaw-wa qadba
And grapes and herbage
اور انگور اور ترکاری
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and vines and herbs qadb is moist qatt
وَزَيْتُونًا وَنَخْلًا
Wa zaitoonaw wanakh la'
And olive and palm trees
اور زیتون اور کھجوریں
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and olives and date-palms
وَحَدَآئِقَ غُلْبًا
Wa hadaa-iqa ghulba
And gardens of dense shrubbery
اور گھنے گھنے باغ
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and gardens of dense foliage orchards teeming with trees
وَفَٰكِهَةً وَأَبًّا
Wa faki hataw-wa abba.
And fruit and grass -
اور میوے اور چارا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and fruits and pastures abb is what cattle graze; it is also said to be ‘straw’
مَّتَٰعًا لَّكُمْ وَلِأَنْعَٰمِكُمْ
Mata'al-lakum wa li-an'amikum.
[As] enjoyment for you and your grazing livestock.
(یہ سب کچھ) تمہارے اور تمہارے چارپایوں کے لیے بنایا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
as sustenance understand matā‘an as mut‘atan or tamtī‘an as explained above in the previous sūra for you and your flocks also as explained above.
فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلصَّآخَّةُ
Faiza jaa-atis saakhah.
But when there comes the Deafening Blast
تو جب (قیامت کا) غل مچے گا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So when the deafening Cry the second blast comes —
يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ ٱلْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ
Yauma yafir-rul mar-u min akheeh
On the Day a man will flee from his brother
اس دن آدمی اپنے بھائی سے دور بھاگے گا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
the day when a man will flee from his own brother
وَأُمِّهِۦ وَأَبِيهِ
Wa ummihee wa abeeh
And his mother and his father
اور اپنی ماں اور اپنے باپ سے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and his mother and his father
وَصَٰحِبَتِهِۦ وَبَنِيهِ
Wa sahi batihee wa baneeh.
And his wife and his children,
اور اپنی بیوی اور اپنے بیٹے سے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and his wife and his sons yawma ‘the day when’ is a substitution for idhā ‘when’ the response to which is indicated by what follows —
لِكُلِّ ٱمْرِئٍ مِّنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ شَأْنٌ يُغْنِيهِ
Likul limri-im-minuhm yaumaa-izin shaa nuy-yughneeh
For every man, that Day, will be a matter adequate for him.
ہر شخص اس روز ایک فکر میں ہو گا جو اسے (مصروفیت کے لیے) بس کرے گا
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
every person that day will have a matter to preoccupy him a predicament to distract him from the affairs of others in other words every person will be preoccupied with his own self.
وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُّسْفِرَةٌ
Wujoo huny-yauma-izim-musfira;
[Some] faces, that Day, will be bright -
اور کتنے منہ اس روز چمک رہے ہوں گے
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
On that day some faces will be shining radiant
ضَاحِكَةٌ مُّسْتَبْشِرَةٌ
Dahi katum mustab shirah
Laughing, rejoicing at good news.
خنداں و شاداں (یہ مومنان نیکو کار ہیں)
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
laughing joyous happy — these are the believers.
وَوُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌ
Wa wujoohuy yauma-izin 'alaiha ghabar a
And [other] faces, that Day, will have upon them dust.
اور کتنے منہ ہوں گے جن پر گرد پڑ رہی ہو گی
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And some faces on that day will be covered with dust
تَرْهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ
Tarhaquha qatarah.
Blackness will cover them.
(اور) سیاہی چڑھ رہی ہو گی
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
overcast covered with gloom darkness and blackness.
أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْكَفَرَةُ ٱلْفَجَرَةُ
Ulaa-ika humul-kafa ratul-fajarah.
Those are the disbelievers, the wicked ones.
یہ کفار بدکردار ہیں
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those the people of this predicament are the disbelievers the profligates those who have combined disbelief with profligacy.