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Sanctity of Life

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Sanctity of Life

حرمة النفس

In Islam, the sanctity of life (حرمة النفس) is a profound and foundational principle, affirming that every human life is a sacred trust and a precious gift from Allah. The Quran unequivocally forbids the unlawful taking of a human soul, considering it a grave sin. Believers are commanded, [Do not shed each other's blood] and explicitly warned, [do not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful]. This divine injunction extends to all stages of life, strongly condemning the killing of children, a practice historically done out of fear of poverty. The severe consequences for violating this sanctity are clear, with the Quran stating that [whoever kills a believer intentionally - his recompense is Hell]. Even in the face of aggression, the ideal is demonstrated by Abel, who declared, [If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds]. While Islam permits taking life in very specific, justified circumstances—such as capital punishment by a legitimate authority or in self-defense—these are rare exceptions to a universal prohibition. This principle remains a cornerstone of Islamic ethics and law, urging compassion, the protection of the vulnerable, and the preservation of existence.

Quran 13 verses

وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَٰقَكُمْ لَا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَآءَكُمْ وَلَا تُخْرِجُونَ أَنفُسَكُم مِّن دِيَٰرِكُمْ ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ

Wa iz akhaznaa meesaa qakum laa tasfikoona dimaaa'akum wa laa tukrijoona anfusakum min diyaarikum summa aqrartum wa antum tashhadoon

And [recall] when We took your covenant, [saying], "Do not shed each other's blood or evict one another from your homes." Then you acknowledged [this] while you were witnessing.

اور جب ہم نے تم سے عہد لیا کہ آپس میں کشت وخون نہ کرنا اور اپنے کو ان کے وطن سے نہ نکالنا تو تم نے اقرار کر لیا، اور تم (اس بات کے) گواہ ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: This verse is a supplement to the previous verse, and speaks of the other articles of the pledge taken by the Israelites. They had agreed not to kill one another by engaging themselves in an internecine war, and also not to send their men into exile - that is to say, not to harass a man so as to for...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when We made a covenant with you and We said ‘You shall not shed your own blood spilling it by slaying one another; neither expel your own from your habitations’ let no one of you expel the other from his house; then you confirmed it that is you accepted this covenant and you bore witness upon y...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Terms of the Covenant and their Breach of It Allah criticized the Jews who lived in Al-Madinah during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They used to suffer, because of the armed conflicts between the tribes of Al-Madinah, Aws and Khazraj. Before Islam, the Aws and Khazraj worshipped idols, a...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنكُمْ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا

Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo laa taakulooo amwaalakum bainakum bilbaatili 'illaaa an takoona tijaaratan 'an taraadim minkum; wa laa taqtulooo anfusakum; innal laaha kaana bikum Raheemaa

O you who have believed, do not consume one another's wealth unjustly but only [in lawful] business by mutual consent. And do not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.

مومنو! ایک دوسرے کا مال ناحق نہ کھاؤ ہاں اگر آپس کی رضامندی سے تجارت کا لین دین ہو (اور اس سے مالی فائدہ حاصل ہو جائے تو وہ جائز ہے) اور اپنے آپ کو ہلاک نہ کرو کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا تم پر مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence Looking back from the beginning of Surah Al-Nisa', we see that it points out to the creation of all human beings from one father and mother and to the fact that all of them are bound in one big bond of brotherhood which suggests that rights of human beings at large have to be guarded and fu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe consume not your goods between you wrongly unlawfully according to the Law through usury or usurpation except it be trading tijāratan also read tijāratun so that the goods be from trade effected through mutual agreement through mutual good-will such goods you may consume. And kill ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibiting Unlawfully Earned Money Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, prohibits His believing servants from illegally acquiring each other's property using various dishonest methods such as Riba, gambling and other wicked methods that appear to be legal, but Allah knows that, in reality, those in...

وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَن يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَـًٔا وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَـًٔا فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَصَّدَّقُوا۟ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَّكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا

Wa maa kaana limu'minin ai yaqtula mu'minan illaa khata'aa; waman qatala mu'minan khata'an fatabreeru raqabatim mu'minatinw wa diyatum mmusallamatun ilaaa ahliheee illaaa ai yassaddaqoo; fa in kaana min qawmin 'aduwwil lakum wa huwa mu'minun fatabreeru raqabatim mu'minah; wa in kaana min qawmim bainakum wa bainahum meesaaqun fadiyatum mmusallamatun ilaaa ahlihee wa tahreeru raqabatim mu'minatin famal lam yajid fa Siyaamu shahraini mutataabi'aini tawhatam minal laah; wa kaanal laahu 'Aleeman hakeemaa

And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake - then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment presented to the deceased's family [is required] unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if the deceased was from a people at war with you and he was a believer - then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty - then a compensation payment presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave. And whoever does not find [one or cannot afford to buy one] - then [instead], a fast for two months consecutively, [seeking] acceptance of repentance from Allah. And Allah is ever Knowing and Wise.

اور کسی مومن کو شایان نہیں کہ مومن کو مار ڈالے مگر بھول کر اور جو بھول کر بھی مومن کو مار ڈالے تو (ایک تو) ایک مسلمان غلام آزاد کردے اور (دوسرے) مقتول کے وارثوں کو خون بہا دے ہاں اگر وہ معاف کردیں (تو ان کو اختیار ہے) اگر مقتول تمہارے دشمنوں کی جماعت میں سے ہو اور وہ خود مومن ہو تو صرف ایک مسلمان غلام آزاد کرنا چاہیئے اور اگر مقتول ایسے لوگوں میں سے ہو جن میں اور تم میں صلح کا عہد ہو تو وارثان مقتول کو خون بہا دینا اور ایک مسلمان غلام آزاد کرنا چاہیئے اور جس کو یہ میسر نہ ہو وہ متواتر دو مہینے کے روزے رکھے یہ (کفارہ) خدا کی طرف سے (قبول) توبہ (کے لئے) ہے اور خدا (سب کچھ) جانتا اور بڑی حکمت والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Sequence of Verses Linked with earlier verses dealing with fighting and killing, all forms of killing, in the first instance, are eight in number because the person killed is covered by one of the four conditions which follow. Either, he is a Muslim; or, he is a Dhimmi (a free, protected,...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: It is not for a believer to slay a believer in other words no such slaying should result at his hands except by mistake killing him by mistake unintentionally. He who slays a believer by mistake when he meant to strike some other thing as in the case of hunting or shooting at trees but then happens ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Ruling Concerning Killing a Believer by Mistake Allah states that the believer is not allowed to kill his believing brother under any circumstances. In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that Ibn Mas`ud said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِىءٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِ...

وَمَن يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَآؤُهُۥ جَهَنَّمُ خَٰلِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُۥ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُۥ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًا

Wa mai yaqtul mu'minammuta 'ammidan fajazaaa'uhoo Jahannamu khaalidan feehaa wa ghadibal laahu' alaihi wa la'anahoo wa a'adda lahoo 'azaaban 'azeemaa

But whoever kills a believer intentionally - his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide eternally, and Allah has become angry with him and has cursed him and has prepared for him a great punishment.

اور جو شخص مسلمان کو قصداً مار ڈالے گا تو اس کی سزا دوزخ ہے جس میں وہ ہمیشہ (جلتا) رہے گا اور خدا اس پر غضبناک ہوگا اور اس پر لعنت کرے گا اور ایسے شخص کے لئے اس نے بڑا (سخت) عذاب تیار کر رکھا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Sequence of Verses Linked with earlier verses dealing with fighting and killing, all forms of killing, in the first instance, are eight in number because the person killed is covered by one of the four conditions which follow. Either, he is a Muslim; or, he is a Dhimmi (a free, protected,...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And whoever slays a believer deliberately intending to kill him with something that is lethal aware of the fact that he the slain is a believer his requital is Hell abiding therein and God is wroth with him and has cursed him He has removed him from His mercy and has prepared for him a mighty chasti...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Ruling Concerning Killing a Believer by Mistake Allah states that the believer is not allowed to kill his believing brother under any circumstances. In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that Ibn Mas`ud said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِىءٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِ...

لَئِنۢ بَسَطتَ إِلَىَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقْتُلَنِى مَآ أَنَا۠ بِبَاسِطٍ يَدِىَ إِلَيْكَ لِأَقْتُلَكَ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

La'im basatta ilaiya yadaka litaqtulanee maaa ana bibaasitiny yadiya ilaika li aqtulaka inneee akhaaful laaha Rabbal 'aalameen

If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds.

اور اگر تو مجھے قتل کرنے کے لیے مجھ پر ہاتھ چلائے گا تو میں تجھ کو قتل کرنے کے لئے تجھ پر ہاتھ نہیں چلاؤں گا مجھے تو خدائے رب العالمین سے ڈر لگتا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The Story of Habil (Abel) and Qabil (Cain) In these verses, Allah Ta` a1a has instructed the Holy Prophet ﷺ that he should relate the story of the two sons of Adam truthfully to the people of the Book, or to the whole Ummah. People who are blessed with insight into the Holy Qur'an know th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: ‘Yet if la-in the lām is for oaths you extend your hand against me to slay me I will not extend my hand against you to slay you; I fear God the Lord of the Worlds in slaying you.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Habil (Abel) and Qabil (Cain) Allah describes the evil end and consequence of transgression, envy and injustice in the story of the two sons of Adam, Habil and Qabil. One of them fought against the other and killed him out of envy and transgression, because of the bounty that Allah gave...

مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَىٰ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ أَنَّهُۥ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًۢا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَآ أَحْيَا ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَلَقَدْ جَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُم بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ

min ajli zaalika katabnaa 'alaa Banee Israaa'eela annahoo man qatala nnafsam bighairi nafsin aw fasaadin fil ardi faka annnamaa qatalan fil ardi faka annammaa qatalan naasa jamee'anw wa man ahyaahaa faka annamaaa ahyan naasa jamee'aa; wa laqad jaaa'at hum Rusulunaa bilbaiyinaati summa inna kaseeram minhum ba'da zaalika fil ardi lamusrifoon

Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors.

اس قتل کی وجہ سے ہم نے بنی اسرائیل پر یہ حکم نازل کیا کہ جو شخص کسی کو (ناحق) قتل کرے گا (یعنی) بغیر اس کے کہ جان کا بدلہ لیا جائے یا ملک میں خرابی کرنے کی سزا دی جائے اُس نے گویا تمام لوگوں کو قتل کیا اور جو اس کی زندگانی کا موجب ہوا تو گویا تمام لوگوں کی زندگانی کا موجب ہوا اور ان لوگوں کے پاس ہمارے پیغمبر روشن دلیلیں لا چکے ہیں پھر اس کے بعد بھی ان سے بہت سے لوگ ملک میں حدِ اعتدال سے نکل جاتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The Story of Habil (Abel) and Qabil (Cain) In these verses, Allah Ta` a1a has instructed the Holy Prophet ﷺ that he should relate the story of the two sons of Adam truthfully to the people of the Book, or to the whole Ummah. People who are blessed with insight into the Holy Qur'an know th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Because of that which Cain did We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul for other than a soul slain or for other than corruption committed in the land in the way of unbelief fornication or waylaying and the like it shall be as if he had slain mankind altogether; and whoever sa...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Human Beings Should Respect the Sanctity of Other Human Beings Allah says, because the son of Adam killed his brother in transgression and aggression, كَتَبْنَا عَلَى بَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ (We ordained for the Children of Israel...) meaning, We legislated for them and informed them, أَنَّهُ مَن قَتَلَ ن...

قُلْ تَعَالَوْا۟ أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ أَلَّا تُشْرِكُوا۟ بِهِۦ شَيْـًٔا وَبِٱلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَٰنًا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَوْلَٰدَكُم مِّنْ إِمْلَٰقٍ نَّحْنُ نَرْزُقُكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا۟ ٱلْفَوَٰحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلنَّفْسَ ٱلَّتِى حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ

Qul ta'aalaw atlu maa harrama Rabbukum 'alaikum allaa tushrikoo bihee shai'anw wa bilwaalidaini ihsaananw wa laa taqtulooo aw alaadakum min imlaaq; nahnu narzuqukum wa iyyaahum wa laa taqrabul fawaahisha maa zahara minhaa wa maa batana wa laa taqtulun nafsal latee harramal laahu illaa bilhaqq; zaalikum wassaakum bihee la'allakum ta'qiloon

Say, "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. [He commands] that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty; We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden [to be killed] except by [legal] right. This has He instructed you that you may use reason."

کہہ کہ (لوگو) آؤ میں تمہیں وہ چیزیں پڑھ کر سناؤں جو تمہارے پروردگار نے تم پر حرام کر دی ہیں (ان کی نسبت اس نے اس طرح ارشاد فرمایا ہے) کہ کسی چیز کو خدا کا شریک نہ بنانا اور ماں باپ (سے بدسلوکی نہ کرنا بلکہ) سلوک کرتے رہنا اور ناداری (کے اندیشے) سے اپنی اولاد کو قتل نہ کرنا کیونکہ تم کو اور ان کو ہم ہی رزق دیتے ہیں اور بےحیائی کے کام ظاہر ہوں یا پوشیدہ ان کے پاس نہ پھٹکنا اور کسی جان (والے) کو جس کے قتل کو خدا نے حرام کر دیا ہے قتل نہ کرنا مگر جائز طور پر (یعنی جس کا شریعت حکم دے) ان باتوں کا وہ تمہیں ارشاد فرماتا ہے تاکہ تم سمجھو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Prior to the verses appearing above, for about two to three sections, the recurring theme has been how heedless and ignorant human beings had bypassed the law revealed by the Law Giver and the Creator of whatever there is in the heavens and the earth and, in its place, had taken ancestral...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘Come I will recite that which your Lord has made a sacred duty for you that allā consisting of an-lā an being explicative you associate nothing with Him that you be dutiful to parents and that you do not slay your children by burying them alive because of poverty destitution that you may fear —...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Ten Commandments Dawud Al-Awdy narrated that, Ash-Sha`bi said that, `Alqamah said that Ibn Mas`ud said, "Whoever wishes to read the will and testament of the Messenger of Allah on which he placed his seal, let him read these Ayat, قُلْ تَعَالَوْاْ أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ أَلاَّ تُشْر...

وَلَا تَقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَوْلَٰدَكُمْ خَشْيَةَ إِمْلَٰقٍ نَّحْنُ نَرْزُقُهُمْ وَإِيَّاكُمْ إِنَّ قَتْلَهُمْ كَانَ خِطْـًٔا كَبِيرًا

Wa laa taqtulooo awlaadakum khashyata imlaaq; nahnu narzuquhum wa iyyaakum; inna qatlahum kaana khitan kabeeraa

And do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and for you. Indeed, their killing is ever a great sin.

اور اپنی اولاد کو مفلسی کے خوف سے قتل نہ کرنا۔ (کیونکہ) ان کو اور تم کو ہم ہی رزق دیتے ہیں۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ ان کا مار ڈالنا بڑا سخت گناہ ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Previous verses carried a series of instructions regarding human rights. The sixth injunction appearing here is to correct a cruel custom prevailing among the people of Arabs of Jahiliyyah. During that period of time, some people used to kill their children, particularly daughters, at bir...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And do not slay your children by burying them alive fearing penury poverty. We shall provide for them and for you. Slaying them is truly a great sin.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibition of killing Children This Ayah indicates that Allah is more compassionate towards His servants than a father to his child, because He forbids killing children just as He enjoins parents to take care of their children in matters of inheritance. The people of Jahiliyyah would not allow thei...

وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلنَّفْسَ ٱلَّتِى حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَمَن قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِۦ سُلْطَٰنًا فَلَا يُسْرِف فِّى ٱلْقَتْلِ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مَنصُورًا

Wa laa taqtulun nafsal latee harramal laahu illaa bilhaqq; wa man qutila mazlooman faqad ja'alnaa liwaliyyihee sultaanan falaa yusrif fil qatli innahoo kaana mansooraa

And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. And whoever is killed unjustly - We have given his heir authority, but let him not exceed limits in [the matter of] taking life. Indeed, he has been supported [by the law].

اور جس کا جاندار کا مارنا خدا نے حرام کیا ہے اسے قتل نہ کرنا مگر جائز طور پر (یعنی بفتویٰ شریعت) ۔ اور جو شخص ظلم سے قتل کیا جائے ہم نے اس کے وارث کو اختیار دیا ہے (کہ ظالم قاتل سے بدلہ لے) تو اس کو چاہیئے کہ قتل (کے قصاص) میں زیادتی نہ کرے کہ وہ منصورو فتحیاب ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary This eighth injunction is about the prohibition of killing unjustly. Virtually all groups, religions and sects of the world take it to be a grave crime. In Hadith, the Holy Prophet ﷺ said, "The destruction of the en-tire world is lighter in the sight of Allah than the unjust killing of a ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And do not slay the soul whose life God has made inviolable except with due cause. Whoever is slain wrongfully We have certainly given his heir the one inheriting from him a warrant a sanction to retaliate against the slayer; but let him not commit excess let him not overstep the bounds in slaying b...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibition of Unlawful Killing Allah forbids killing with no legitimate reason It was reported in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِىءٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: النَّفْسُ بِالنّ...

فَٱنطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا لَقِيَا غُلَٰمًا فَقَتَلَهُۥ قَالَ أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةًۢ بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ لَّقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْـًٔا نُّكْرًا

Fantalaqaa hattaa izaa laqiyaa ghulaaman faqatalahoo qaala aqatalta nafsan zakiy yatam bighairi nafs; laqad ji'ta shai'an nukraa

So they set out, until when they met a boy, al-Khidh r killed him. [Moses] said, "Have you killed a pure soul for other than [having killed] a soul? You have certainly done a deplorable thing."

پھر دونوں چلے۔ یہاں تک کہ (رستے میں) ایک لڑکا ملا تو (خضر نے) اُسے مار ڈالا۔ (موسیٰ نے) کہا کہ آپ نے ایک بےگناہ شخص کو ناحق بغیر قصاص کے مار ڈالا۔ (یہ تو) آپ نے بری بات کی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: We now move to the sentence: حَتَّىٰ إِذَا لَقِيَا غُلَامًا (until when they met a boy -74). The word: غُلَام (ghulam) in the text is used for a minor boy in the Arabic usage. This boy killed by al-Khadir (علیہ السلام) was a minor - as corroborated by Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ and most commentators. Fu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So they set off after leaving the ship making their way on foot until when they met a boy who had not yet reached puberty playing with other boys among whom his face was the fairest — and he al-Khidr slew him by slitting his throat with a knife while he lay down or by tearing his head off with his h...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of killing the Boy فَانطَلَقَا (Then they both proceeded,) means, after the first incident, حَتَّى إِذَا لَقِيَا غُلاَمًا فَقَتَلَهُ (till they met a boy, and he (Khidr) killed him.) It has been stated previously that this boy was playing with other boys in one of the towns, and that Al-Kh...

وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا ءَاخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ ٱلنَّفْسَ ٱلَّتِى حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثَامًا

Wallazeena laa yad'oona ma'al laahi ilaahan aakhara wa laa yaqtuloonan nafsal latee harramal laahu illaa bilhaqqi wa laa yaznoon; wa mai yaf'al zaalika yalqa asaamaa

And those who do not invoke with Allah another deity or kill the soul which Allah has forbidden [to be killed], except by right, and do not commit unlawful sexual intercourse. And whoever should do that will meet a penalty.

اور وہ جو خدا کے ساتھ کسی اور معبود کو نہیں پکارتے اور جن جاندار کو مار ڈالنا خدا نے حرام کیا ہے اس کو قتل نہیں کرتے مگر جائز طریق پر (یعنی شریعت کے مطابق) اور بدکاری نہیں کرتے۔ اور جو یہ کام کرے گا سخت گناہ میں مبتلا ہوگا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Seventh Characteristic وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّـهِ إِلَـٰهًا آخَرَ‌ (And those who do not invoke any other god along with Allah - 25:68). The first six characteristics included the principles of obedience and now the characteristics of disobedience are described. Among these the very...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and those who do not call on another god along with God nor slay the soul which God has forbidden that it be slain except with due cause and who do not commit fornication — for whoever does that namely whoever does one of these three things shall meet with retribution;
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Attributes of the Servants of the Most Gracious include avoiding Shirk, Murder and Zina Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "The Messenger of Allah was asked which sin is the most serious" He said: «أَنْ تَجْعَلَ للهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَك» (That you appoint a rival to Allah when...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِذَا جَآءَكَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَىٰٓ أَن لَّا يُشْرِكْنَ بِٱللَّهِ شَيْـًٔا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَٰدَهُنَّ وَلَا يَأْتِينَ بِبُهْتَٰنٍ يَفْتَرِينَهُۥ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِنَّ وَأَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَلَا يَعْصِينَكَ فِى مَعْرُوفٍ فَبَايِعْهُنَّ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُنَّ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

Yaaa ayyuhan nabbiyyu izaa jaaa'akal mu'minaau yubaai naka 'alaaa allaa yushrikna billaahi shai 'anw wa laa yasriqna wa laa yazneena wa laa yaqtulna awlaadahunna wa laa yaateena bibuhtaaniny yaftaree nahoo baina aydeehinna wa arjulihinna wa laa ya'seenaka fee ma'roofin fabaayi'hunna wastaghfir lahunnal laaha innnal laaha ghafoorur raheem

O Prophet, when the believing women come to you pledging to you that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor will they steal, nor will they commit unlawful sexual intercourse, nor will they kill their children, nor will they bring forth a slander they have invented between their arms and legs, nor will they disobey you in what is right - then accept their pledge and ask forgiveness for them of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

اے پیغمبر! جب تمہارے پاس مومن عورتیں اس بات پر بیعت کرنے کو آئیں کہ خدا کے ساتھ نہ شرک کریں گی نہ چوری کریں گی نہ بدکاری کریں گی نہ اپنی اولاد کو قتل کریں گی نہ اپنے ہاتھ پاؤں میں کوئی بہتان باندھ لائیں گی اور نہ نیک کاموں میں تمہاری نافرمانی کریں گی تو ان سے بیعت لے لو اور ان کے لئے خدا سے بخشش مانگو۔ بےشک خدا بخشنے والا مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Bai'ah of Women ا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَىٰ أَن لَّا يُشْرِ‌كْنَ بِاللَّـهِ شَيْئًا (0 Prophet, when the believing women come to you, seeking bai'ah [ a pledge of allegiance ] with you that they will not ascribe anything as a partner to Allah, ....60:12). ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O Prophet if believing women come to you pledging allegiance to you that they will not ascribe anything as partner to God and that they will not steal nor commit adultery nor slay their children as used to be done during the time of pagandom jāhiliyya when they would bury new-born girls alive fearin...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Perhaps Allah will make a Friendship between You and Those, whom You hold as Enemies Allah said to His faithful servants, after ordering them to be enemies with the disbelievers, عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُم مِّنْهُم مَّوَدَّةً (Perhaps Allah will make friendsh...

وَإِذَا ٱلْمَوْءُۥدَةُ سُئِلَتْ

Wa izal maw'oodatu su'ilat

And when the girl [who was] buried alive is asked

اور جب لڑکی سے جو زندہ دفنا دی گئی ہو پوچھا جائے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَإِذَا الْمَوْءُودَةُ سُئِلَتْ (and when the girl-child that was buried alive will be asked, for what sin she was killed...81:8) The word mau'udah is the girl-child buried alive. It was a common practice in pre-Islamic time of ignorance that people would take the birth of a girl as a matter of sham...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and when the girl buried-alive the young girl buried alive for fear of shame and impoverishment asks — in rebuke of its slayer —
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah What has been narrated about This Surah Imam Ahmad recorded from Ibn `Umar that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ كَأَنَّهُ رَأْيُ عَيْنٍ فَلْيَقْرَأْ: إِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَتْ و إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انفَطَرَتْ و إِذَا السَّ...

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