The Quran repeatedly emphasizes Allah's attribute of justice, affirming that He is far removed from any form of wrongdoing towards His creation. A fundamental declaration is Allah wants no injustice to the worlds. This is further underscored by statements such as Indeed, Allah does not do injustice, [even as much as an atom's weight]. Ibn Kathir explains that this means Allah does not treat any of His servants with injustice on the Day of Resurrection, rewarding even the smallest good deed and multiplying it. The perfection of Allah's justice is linked to His omnipotence and omniscience, as Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise, meaning His grandeur is invincible and His sovereignty infinite, with wisdom in all His decisions and actions (Tafsir Ibn Kathir).

The divine justice extends to all aspects of creation and command. Allah is described as maintaining [creation in justice]. According to Tafsir Ibn Kathir, this means He is just in all that He does, and His statements, actions, legislation, and decrees are perfectly wise. This unwavering commitment to justice is a core aspect of His Oneness (Tawhid), making Him the sole deity worthy of worship. The concept of Tawhid, the most fundamental doctrine of Islam, is not merely a theory but an effective way of making humans realize their purpose, leading them to live in perfect peace, fearing none and expecting nothing from anyone but Allah, as explained by Ma'arif-ul-Quran (Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran).

The Quran consistently asserts that individuals will be held accountable for their own deeds, without any injustice. 2:281. Similarly, each soul will be compensated [in full for what it earned, and they will not be wronged]. This is reiterated for prophets as well, as whoever betrays, [taking unlawfully, will come with what he took on the Day of Resurrection. Then will every soul be fully compensated for what it earned, and they will not be wronged]. The recompense for deeds is directly tied to personal responsibility, highlighting that 10:44.

The concept of Divine Justice finds its ultimate manifestation on the Day of Judgment, a day about which there is no doubt. On this day, Allah will preside as the best of judges. The Quran describes this as a day when every soul will be compensated [in full for what it earned, and they will not be wronged]. The intricate accounting process on this day is highlighted by 21:47 the weight of a mustard seed, We will bring it forth. And sufficient are We as accountant]. This signifies that even the minutest deed, good or evil, will be meticulously accounted for.

The judgment is entirely with Allah, and “all sovereignty that Day is for Allah; He will judge between them”. No external forces, intercession (without His permission), or ransom will be accepted from disbelievers. As no soul for another shall give satisfaction, and no intercession shall be accepted from him for those who disbelieve. Furthermore, no compensation be taken from him for disbelievers, nor will they be helped. Ibn Kathir clarifies that this means no person will be of any help to another, and ransom will not be accepted from disbelievers, emphasizing that this does not preclude intercession for believers whom Allah permits.

The outcomes of this judgment are clear: 7:8. Conversely, those who disbelieve will face severe consequences. 10:4. Ultimately, 24:25. This absolute fairness provides comfort to the oppressed and a stern warning to the oppressor, knowing that every action contributes to their ultimate fate.

While Allah's justice is absolute, His dealings with humanity also demonstrate immense forbearance and wisdom. Allah sometimes allows those who transgress to continue in their ways, as 2:15 they wander blindly]. Tafsir Ibn Kathir explains that this "mockery" is a form of requital and punishment for their behavior, allowing them respite to increase in sinfulness, ultimately leading to a more severe accountability. This delay is part of His firm plan, as I will give them time. Indeed, my plan is firm.

However, this forbearance is not endless. Nations that persist in wrongdoing are eventually seized with punishment. 16:124. Numerous examples from past nations are cited: 6:45. This highlights a divine pattern: 11:117. This indicates that destruction comes not as arbitrary wrath, but as a just consequence for persistent wrongdoing and when communities fail to reform.

The Quran clarifies that divine punishment is not visited upon people until they have been warned through messengers. Never would We punish until We sent a messenger. This ensures that humanity has received clear guidance and proofs, thus eliminating any argument against Allah after the messengers have come 4:165. This principle underscores the fairness of divine judgment, as people are only held accountable for what they know or could have known.

Prophets, as divine vicegerents and exemplars, were tasked with establishing justice among people. When Allah appointed Adam as His vicegerent on earth, He informed the angels that I know that which you do not know, referring to the wisdom behind creating beings with free will who could also spread mischief, but from whom prophets, truthful ones, martyrs, and the righteous would emerge. The Quran highlights the importance of justice in governance, and al-Qurtubi notes that appointing a Khalifah to pass judgments on matters of dispute between people, to aid the oppressed against the oppressor, to implement the Islamic penal code and to forbid evil is an obligation derived from this verse.

Prophets like Musa (Moses) and `Isa (Jesus), peace be upon them, were sent with clear signs and scriptures, including the Torah and the Injil, to guide their respective peoples towards justice and truth. `Isa declared his mission to make lawful to you part of what was forbidden to you, indicating the abrogation of certain Mosaic laws and bringing clarity on matters of dispute, as explained by Tafsir Ibn Kathir. Muhammad, peace be upon him, as the final Prophet, brought the complete and perfect law, encompassing all previous guidance, and establishing Islam as the universally accepted religion Truly, the religion with Allah is Islam. His message confirmed previous revelations and called people to worship Allah alone as the messengers were taught to say: "Worship Allah (Alone), and avoid the Taghut (all false deities,)".

The prophetic mission also involved confronting injustice directly. The Jews, for instance, were rebuked for their persistent disobedience, their attempts to mix truth with falsehood, nor conceal the truth while you know (the truth), and their rejection and even killing of prophets unjustly and slay prophets such as Zachariah and John without right. Their actions, such as their stubborn questioning regarding the sacrificial cow Verily, to us all cows are alike instead of prompt obedience, led to more stringent requirements and incurred divine wrath (Tafsir Ibn Kathir). The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, himself emphasized the severity of certain sins that violate justice, such as "To make a rival for Allah while He Alone created you," "To kill your offspring for fear that he might share your food with you," and "To commit adultery with your neighbor's wife" (Bukhari, Muslim). These teachings underscore the high standard of justice required from individuals.

Islamic jurisprudence, or Fiqh, operationalizes the principles of Divine Justice in practical human affairs. The Quran's instructions on inheritance, for instance, demonstrate meticulous justice. Allah commands you for your children's (inheritance); to the male, a portion equal to that of two females. This seemingly unequal distribution is rooted in the responsibilities assigned to men in Islamic law, such as providing for their families, as explained by Tafsir Ibn Kathir. The verse explicitly states that these shares are ordained by Allah, emphasizing that they are not arbitrary but based on divine wisdom and knowledge of what is most beneficial for humanity.

Justice is also paramount in financial dealings, particularly concerning the prohibition of Riba (interest/usury). Allah states, Allah destroys interest and gives increase for charities. This verse highlights the destructive nature of Riba, which, despite appearing to increase wealth, ultimately removes its blessing and can lead to financial ruin, both in this world and the Hereafter. Conversely, charity (sadaqat) is blessed and multiplied by Allah. The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, reinforced this by cursing those involved in Riba and describing the severe punishment awaiting them (Muslim). The Hanafi school and other Imams agree on the unlawfulness of Riba in all its forms, regardless of whether it is doubled or multiplied, because it is inherently unjust.

The protection of vulnerable members of society, such as orphans and women, is a central theme of Islamic justice. Guardians are admonished to surrender the property of the orphans to them in full when they reach the age of adolescence, and He forbids using or confiscating any part of it. Taking an orphan's wealth unjustly is equated to eating only a fire into their bellies. The Quran also establishes women's right to their dower (mahr) as a free gift and forbids any coercion to take it back. These rulings ensure that the rights of those who cannot defend themselves are scrupulously upheld, reflecting Allah's mercy and justice.

The belief in Divine Justice deeply impacts a believer's spiritual life, fostering a sense of accountability and trust in Allah's ultimate fairness. The knowledge that Allah is not unaware of what you do encourages inner piety and alignment of outward actions with inward intentions. As Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains, faith in the Hereafter, where all deeds will be accounted for, is a "revolutionary belief" that transforms morals and behaviors, inspiring believers to translate faith into practice. This certitude compels individuals to bring their private behavior in line with their public conduct, knowing that Allah observes all.

The call to justice is also a call to internal purity and integrity. Hypocrisy, defined as showing conformity while concealing evil, is condemned as a disease of the heart In their hearts is a sickness doubt and hypocrisy. Such behavior, attempting to deceive Allah and believers, ultimately only harms themselves, as they only deceive themselves, and perceive (it) not. This self-deception leads to severe punishment, contrasting sharply with the sincerity and clarity expected of believers.

Striving for justice, even in personal dealings, is a path to divine pleasure and a manifestation of true faith. The verses on forgiveness and seeking counsel So pardon them, and ask (Allah's) forgiveness for them; and consult them in the affairs emphasize compassion and humility. Consulting others, even if one is a prophet, is seen as a means to comfort hearts and ensures that decisions are made with wisdom, reflecting a deeper reliance on Allah after utilizing human intellect and means. This principle extends to social justice, where believers are encouraged to speak well to people, being kind and truthful, and to enjoin good and forbid evil speak good words to them and be lenient with them, this includes commanding good and forbidding evil, ensuring that society reflects the divine attribute of justice.

Divine Justice is a multi-faceted attribute of Allah, permeating every aspect of Islamic theology, ethics, and law. It establishes a profound system of accountability, ensuring that every action is weighed with ultimate fairness, and that ultimate recompense awaits each soul. This bedrock principle fosters deep trust, motivates righteous conduct, and guides believers in establishing justice in their individual lives and communities, all while acknowledging Allah's boundless wisdom and mercy.