وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَٰقَكُمْ لَا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَآءَكُمْ وَلَا تُخْرِجُونَ أَنفُسَكُم مِّن دِيَٰرِكُمْ ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ
Wa iz akhaznaa meesaa qakum laa tasfikoona dimaaa'akum wa laa tukrijoona anfusakum min diyaarikum summa aqrartum wa antum tashhadoon
And [recall] when We took your covenant, [saying], "Do not shed each other's blood or evict one another from your homes." Then you acknowledged [this] while you were witnessing.
اور جب ہم نے تم سے عہد لیا کہ آپس میں کشت وخون نہ کرنا اور اپنے کو ان کے وطن سے نہ نکالنا تو تم نے اقرار کر لیا، اور تم (اس بات کے) گواہ ہو
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: This verse is a supplement to the previous verse, and speaks of the other articles of the pledge taken by the Israelites. They had agreed not to kill one another by engaging themselves in an internecine war, and also not to send their men into exile - that is to say, not to harass a man so as to for...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when We made a covenant with you and We said ‘You shall not shed your own blood spilling it by slaying one another; neither expel your own from your habitations’ let no one of you expel the other from his house; then you confirmed it that is you accepted this covenant and you bore witness upon y...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Terms of the Covenant and their Breach of It
Allah criticized the Jews who lived in Al-Madinah during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They used to suffer, because of the armed conflicts between the tribes of Al-Madinah, Aws and Khazraj. Before Islam, the Aws and Khazraj worshipped idols, a...
وَلَا تَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا۟ بِهَآ إِلَى ٱلْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا۟ فَرِيقًا مِّنْ أَمْوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
Wa laa taakuloo amwaalakum bainakum bilbaatili wa tudloo bihaaa ilal hukkaami litaakuloo fareeqam min amwaalin naasi bil ismi wa antum ta'lamoon
And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that [they might aid] you [to] consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, while you know [it is unlawful].
اور ایک دوسرے کا مال ناحق نہ کھاؤ اورنہ اس کو (رشوةً) حاکموں کے پاس پہنچاؤ تاکہ لوگوں کے مال کا کچھ حصہ ناجائز طور پر کھا جاؤ اور (اسے) تم جانتے بھی ہو
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Previous verses dealt with injunctions relating to fasting in which the use of lawful things has been forbidden during a fixed period and fixed timings. Now in this verse, the acquisition and use of Haram or unlawful wealth or property has been forbidden. This has a thematic congruity since the real...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Consume not your goods between you that is to say do not let one consume the goods of the other in deception that which is illicit according to the Law such as theft and extortion; and do not proffer them the regulation of these goods or any bribes to the judges that you may consume as a result of a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Bribery is prohibited and is a Sin
`Ali bin Abu Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, "This (Ayah 2:188) is about the indebted person when there is no evidence of the loan. So he denies taking the loan and the case goes to the authorities, even though he knows that it is not his money and that he is...
وَقَٰتِلُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِينَ يُقَٰتِلُونَكُمْ وَلَا تَعْتَدُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُعْتَدِينَ
Wa qaatiloo fee sabeelillaahil lazeena yuqaatiloonakum wa laa ta'tadooo; innal laaha laa yuhibbul mu'tadeen
Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed. Allah does not like transgressors.
اور جو لوگ تم سے لڑتے ہیں تم بھی خدا کی راہ میں ان سے لڑو مگر زیادتی نہ کرنا کہ خدا زیادتی کرنے والوں کو دوست نہیں رکھتا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Jihad: To fight in the way of Allah
That Jihad and Qital or fighting against disbelievers was prohibited prior to the emigration to Madinah is a fact the entire Muslim community agrees upon. All verses revealed during that time advised Muslims to be patient against pains inflicted on them by disbeli...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: After the Prophet s was prevented from visiting the House in the year of the battle of Hudaybiyya he made a pact with the disbelievers that he would be allowed to return the following year at which time they would vacate Mecca for three days. Having prepared to depart for the Visitation ‘umra he and...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to fight Those Who fight Muslims and killing Them wherever They are found
Abu Ja`far Ar-Razi said that Ar-Rabi` bin Anas said that Abu Al-`Aliyah commented on what Allah said:
وَقَـتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَكُمْ
(And fight in the way of Allah those who fight you,)...
وَقَٰتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ وَيَكُونَ ٱلدِّينُ لِلَّهِ فَإِنِ ٱنتَهَوْا۟ فَلَا عُدْوَٰنَ إِلَّا عَلَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
Wa qaatiloohum hatta laa takoona fitnatunw wa yakoonad deenu lillaahi fa-inin tahaw falaa 'udwaana illaa 'alaz zaalimeen
Fight them until there is no [more] fitnah and [until] worship is [acknowledged to be] for Allah. But if they cease, then there is to be no aggression except against the oppressors.
اور ان سے اس وقت تک لڑتے رہنا کہ فساد نابود ہوجائے اور (ملک میں) خدا ہی کا دین ہوجائے اور اگر وہ (فساد سے) باز آجائیں تو ظالموں کے سوا کسی پر زیادتی نہیں (کرنی چاہیئے)
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
1. When the Holy Prophet decided to travel to Makkah in the year 7 A.H. to perform his qada"Umrah as envisaged in the peace treaty of Hudaybiyyah; his Companions ؓ who were to accompany him knew that disbelievers could not be trusted with treaties, or peace. It was quite possible that the...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Fight them till there is no sedition no idolatry and the religion all worship is for God alone and none are worshipped apart from Him; then if they desist from idolatry do not aggress against them. This is indicated by the following words there shall be no enmity no aggression through slaying or oth...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to fight Those Who fight Muslims and killing Them wherever They are found
Abu Ja`far Ar-Razi said that Ar-Rabi` bin Anas said that Abu Al-`Aliyah commented on what Allah said:
وَقَـتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَكُمْ
(And fight in the way of Allah those who fight you,)...
ٱلشَّهْرُ ٱلْحَرَامُ بِٱلشَّهْرِ ٱلْحَرَامِ وَٱلْحُرُمَٰتُ قِصَاصٌ فَمَنِ ٱعْتَدَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَٱعْتَدُوا۟ عَلَيْهِ بِمِثْلِ مَا ٱعْتَدَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ
Ash Shahrul Haraamu bish Shahril Haraami wal hurumaatu qisaas; famani'tadaa 'alaikum fa'tadoo 'alaihi bimsisli ma'tadaa 'alaikum; wattaqul laaha wa'lamooo annal laaha ma'al muttaqeen
[Fighting in] the sacred month is for [aggression committed in] the sacred month, and for [all] violations is legal retribution. So whoever has assaulted you, then assault him in the same way that he has assaulted you. And fear Allah and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.
ادب کا مہینہ ادب کے مہینے کے مقابل ہے اور ادب کی چیزیں ایک دوسرے کا بدلہ ہیں۔ پس اگر کوئی تم پر زیادتی کرے تو جیسی زیادتی وہ تم پر کرے ویسی ہی تم اس پر کرو۔ اور خدا سے ڈرتے رہو اور جان رکھو کہ خدا ڈرنے والوں کے ساتھ ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Ruling
There are four 'sacred months': Dhul-Qa'dah, Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram which are consecutive and the fourth is Rajab. Even before Islam, fighting in these months was considered unlawful and the disbelievers of Makkah too used to observe their sanctity. Even in the early days of Islam, right throu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The sacred month in return for the sacred month therefore just as they fight you during it kill them during it a response to the Muslims’ consideration of the momentous nature of this matter; holy things hurumāt plural of hurma is what must be treated as sacrosanct demand retaliation in kind if thes...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Fighting during the Sacred Months is prohibited, except in Self-Defense
Ibn `Abbas, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi, Qatadah, Miqsam, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and `Ata said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ went for `Umrah on the sixth year of Hijrah. Then, the idolators prevented him from entering the Sacred House (the Ka`bah in...
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيْنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى فَٱكْتُبُوهُ وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌۢ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْ وَلْيُمْلِلِ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْـًٔا فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوْ ضَعِيفًا أَوْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَٱسْتَشْهِدُوا۟ شَهِيدَيْنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمْ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَٱمْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ وَلَا يَأْبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُوا۟ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُوٓا۟ أَن تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوْ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ وَأَدْنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرْتَابُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً حَاضِرَةً تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَا وَأَشْهِدُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٌ وَلَا شَهِيدٌ وَإِن تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقٌۢ بِكُمْ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
Yaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo izaa tadaayantum bidinin ilaa ajalimmusamman faktubooh; walyaktub bainakum kaatibum bil'adl; wa laa yaaba kaatibun ai yaktuba kamaa 'allamahul laah; falyaktub walyumlilil lazee 'alaihil haqqu walyattaqil laaha rabbahoo wa laa yabkhas minhu shai'aa; fa in kaanal lazee 'alaihil lhaqqu safeehan aw da'eefan aw laa yastatee'u ai yumilla huwa falyumlil waliyyuhoo bil'adl; wastash hidoo shaheedaini mir rijaalikum fa il lam yakoonaa rajulaini farajulunw wamra ataani mimman tardawna minash shuhadaaa'i an tadilla ihdaahumaa fatuzakkira ihdaahumal ukhraa; wa laa yaabash shuhadaaa'u izaa maadu'oo; wa laa tas'amooo an taktuboohu sagheeran awkabeeran ilaaa ajalih; zaalikum aqsatu 'indal laahi wa aqwamu lishshahaadati wa adnaaa allaa tartaabooo illaaa an takoona tijaaratan haadiratan tudeeroonahaa bainakum falaisa 'alaikum junaahun allaa taktuboohan; wa ashidooo izaa tabaaya'tum; wa laa yudaaarra kaatibunw wa laa shaheed; wa in taf'aloo fa innahoo fusooqum bikum; wattaqul laaha wa yu'allimu kumul laah; wallaahu bikulli shai'in 'Aleem
O you who have believed, when you contract a debt for a specified term, write it down. And let a scribe write [it] between you in justice. Let no scribe refuse to write as Allah has taught him. So let him write and let the one who has the obligation dictate. And let him fear Allah, his Lord, and not leave anything out of it. But if the one who has the obligation is of limited understanding or weak or unable to dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And bring to witness two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses - so that if one of the women errs, then the other can remind her. And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. And do not be [too] weary to write it, whether it is small or large, for its [specified] term. That is more just in the sight of Allah and stronger as evidence and more likely to prevent doubt between you, except when it is an immediate transaction which you conduct among yourselves. For [then] there is no blame upon you if you do not write it. And take witnesses when you conclude a contract. Let no scribe be harmed or any witness. For if you do so, indeed, it is [grave] disobedience in you. And fear Allah. And Allah teaches you. And Allah is Knowing of all things.
مومنو! جب تم آپس میں کسی میعاد معین کے لئے قرض کا معاملہ کرنے لگو تو اس کو لکھ لیا کرو اور لکھنے والا تم میں (کسی کا نقصان نہ کرے بلکہ) انصاف سے لکھے نیز لکھنے والا جیسا اسے خدا نے سکھایا ہے لکھنے سے انکار بھی نہ کرے اور دستاویز لکھ دے۔ اور جو شخص قرض لے وہی (دستاویز کا) مضمون بول کر لکھوائے اور خدا سے کہ اس کا مالک ہے خوف کرے اور زر قرض میں سے کچھ کم نہ لکھوائے۔ اور اگر قرض لینے والا بےعقل یا ضعیف ہو یا مضمون لکھوانے کی قابلیت نہ رکھتا ہو تو جو اس کا ولی ہو وہ انصاف کے ساتھ مضمون لکھوائے۔ اور اپنے میں سے دو مردوں کو (ایسے معاملے کے) گواہ کرلیا کرو۔ اور اگر دو مرد نہ ہوں تو ایک مرد اور دو عورتیں جن کو تم گواہ پسند کرو (کافی ہیں) کہ اگر ان میں سے ایک بھول جائے گی تو دوسری اسے یاد دلادے گی۔ اور جب گواہ (گواہی کے لئے طلب کئے جائیں تو انکار نہ کریں۔ اور قرض تھوڑا ہو یا بہت اس (کی دستاویز) کے لکھنے میں کاہلی نہ کرنا۔ یہ بات خدا کے نزدیک نہایت قرین انصاف ہے اور شہادت کے لئے بھی یہ بہت درست طریقہ ہے۔ اس سے تمہیں کسی طرح کا شک وہ شبہ بھی نہیں پڑے گا۔ ہاں اگر سودا دست بدست ہو جو تم آپس میں لیتے دیتے ہو تو اگر (ایسے معاملے کی) دستاویز نہ لکھوتو تم پر کچھ گناہ نہیں۔ اور جب خرید وفروخت کیا کرو تو بھی گواہ کرلیا کرو۔ اور کاتب دستاویز اور گواہ (معاملہ کرنے والوں کا) کسی طرح نقصان نہ کریں۔ اگر تم (لوگ) ایسا کرو تو یہ تمہارے لئے گناہ کی بات ہے۔ اور خدا سے ڈرو اور (دیکھو کہ) وہ تم کو (کیسی مفید باتیں) سکھاتا ہے اور خدا ہر چیز سے واقف ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Qur'anic injunctions on Loan
An important principle of the Law of Dealings, or the Law of Contracts in modern legal terminology, has been taken up in the verses appearing above. Following this, appears a specific principle of the general rules of evidence.
These are times when writing is the rag...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe when you contract when you are dealing with a debt such as in prepayment for future delivery of goods or a loan one upon another for a stated a known term write it down as confirmation and security against any dispute; and let a writer write it the contract of debt down between you...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Necessity of Writing Transactions That Take Effect Later on
This Ayah is the longest in the Glorious Qur'an. Imam Abu Ja`far bin Jarir recorded that Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib said that he was told that the Ayah most recently revealed from above the Throne -- the last Ayah to be revealed in the Qur'a...
وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا۟ فِى ٱلْيَتَٰمَىٰ فَٱنكِحُوا۟ مَا طَابَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ مَثْنَىٰ وَثُلَٰثَ وَرُبَٰعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا۟ فَوَٰحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَٰنُكُمْ ذَٰلِكَ أَدْنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَعُولُوا۟
Wa in khiftum allaa tuqsitoo fil yataamaa fankihoo maa taaba lakum minan nisaaa'i masnaa wa sulaasa wa rubaa'a fa'in khiftum allaa ta'diloo fawaahidatan aw maa malakat aimaanukum; zaalika adnaaa allaa ta'ooloo
And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry only] one or those your right hand possesses. That is more suitable that you may not incline [to injustice].
اور اگر تم کو اس بات کا خوف ہو کہ یتیم لڑکیوں کے بارےانصاف نہ کرسکوگے تو ان کے سوا جو عورتیں تم کو پسند ہوں دو دو یا تین تین یا چار چار ان سے نکاح کرلو۔ اور اگر اس بات کا اندیشہ ہو کہ (سب عورتوں سے) یکساں سلوک نہ کرسکو گے تو ایک عورت (کافی ہے) یا لونڈی جس کے تم مالک ہو۔ اس سے تم بےانصافی سے بچ جاؤ گے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence
In the previous verse, guardians were warned against pilferage or misappropriation in the property of orphans. The present verse is an extension of the basic command from another angle. Here they are warned against any attempt to marry orphaned girls under their guardianship hoping to get a...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: If you fear that you will not act justly that you will not be equitable towards the orphans and are thus distressed in this matter then also fear lest you be unjust towards women when you marry them; marry such mā means man women as seem good to you two or three or four that is each man may marry tw...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Protecting the Property of the Orphans
Allah commands that the property of the orphans be surrendered to them in full when they reach the age of adolescence, and He forbids using or confiscating any part of it. So He said;
وَلاَ تَتَبَدَّلُواْ الْخَبِيثَ بِالطَّيِّبِ
(and do not exchange (your) bad ...
وَٱبْتَلُوا۟ ٱلْيَتَٰمَىٰ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغُوا۟ ٱلنِّكَاحَ فَإِنْ ءَانَسْتُم مِّنْهُمْ رُشْدًا فَٱدْفَعُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَٰلَهُمْ وَلَا تَأْكُلُوهَآ إِسْرَافًا وَبِدَارًا أَن يَكْبَرُوا۟ وَمَن كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَن كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِذَا دَفَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَٰلَهُمْ فَأَشْهِدُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ حَسِيبًا
Wabtalul yataamaa hattaaa izaa balaghun nikaaha fa in aanastum minhum rushdan fad fa'ooo ilaihim amwaalahum wa laa taa kuloohaaa israafanw wa bidaaran ai yakbaroo; wa mai kaana ghaniyyan falyasta' fif wa mai kaana faqeeran falyaakul bilma'roof; fa izaa dafa'tum ilaihim amwaalahum fa'ashhidoo 'alaihim; wa kafaa billaahi Haseeba
And test the orphans [in their abilities] until they reach marriageable age. Then if you perceive in them sound judgement, release their property to them. And do not consume it excessively and quickly, [anticipating] that they will grow up. And whoever, [when acting as guardian], is self-sufficient should refrain [from taking a fee]; and whoever is poor - let him take according to what is acceptable. Then when you release their property to them, bring witnesses upon them. And sufficient is Allah as Accountant.
اور یتمیوں کو بالغ ہونے تک کام کاج میں مصروف رکھو پھر (بالغ ہونے پر) اگر ان میں عقل کی پختگی دیکھو تو ان کا مال ان کے حوالے کردو اور اس خوف سے کہ وہ بڑے ہوجائیں گے (یعنی بڑے ہو کر تم سے اپنا مال واپس لے لیں گے) اس کو فضول خرچی اور جلدی میں نہ اڑا دینا۔ جو شخص آسودہ حال ہو اس کو (ایسے مال سے قطعی طور پر) پرہیز رکھنا چاہیئے اور جو بے مقدور ہو وہ مناسب طور پر (یعنی بقدر خدمت) کچھ لے لے اور جب ان کا مال ان کے حوالے کرنے لگو تو گواہ کرلیا کرو۔ اور حقیقت میں تو خدا ہی (گواہ اور) حساب لینے والا کافی ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The injunction to test the ability and understanding of minors
Once we know from verse 5 that minors should not be entrusted with properties until such time that their ability to discern and decide stands proved, the injunctions to educate and test such children to determine their ability follow in ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Try test well the orphans before reaching maturity with regard the duties of religion and before they can legally manage their own affairs until they reach the age of marrying that is until they have become eligible for it through puberty or legal age which according to al-Shāfi‘ī is the completion ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Holding the Property of the Unwise in Escrow
Allah prohibited giving the unwise the freedom to do as they wish with wealth, which Allah has made as a means of support for people. This ruling sometimes applies because of being young, as young people are incapable of making wise decisions. It also app...
وَلْيَخْشَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا۟ مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعَٰفًا خَافُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلْيَتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَلْيَقُولُوا۟ قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا
Walyakhshal lazeena law tarakoo min khalfihim zurriyyatan di'aafan khaafoo 'alaihim falyattaqul laaha walyaqooloo qawlan sadeedaa
And let those [executors and guardians] fear [injustice] as if they [themselves] had left weak offspring behind and feared for them. So let them fear Allah and speak words of appropriate justice.
اور ایسے لوگوں کو ڈرنا چاہیئے جو (ایسی حالت میں ہوں کہ) اپنے بعد ننھے ننھے بچے چھوڑ جائیں اور ان کو ان کی نسبت خوف ہو (کہ ان کے مرنے کے بعد ان بیچاروں کا کیا حال ہوگا) پس چاہیئے کہ یہ لوگ خدا سے ڈریں اور معقول بات کہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Fear Allah while distributing inheritance
The third verse (9) addresses Muslims in general exhorting them to make it certain that the inheritance of the deceased reaches his children fully and fairly. They must abstain from any mode of action which may affect the share of the children adversely. The...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And let them fear let them be concerned for the orphans those who if they are about to leave behind them that is after their death weak offspring young children would be afraid for them; that they be ruined; let them fear God in the matter concerning orphans and let them give what they would love fo...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Necessity of Surrendering the Inheritance According to the Portions that Allah Ordained
Sa`id bin Jubayr and Qatadah said, "The idolators used to give adult men a share of inheritance and deprive women and children of it. Allah revealed;
لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصيِبٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَلِدَنِ وَالاٌّقْر...
وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمُ ٱسْتِبْدَالَ زَوْجٍ مَّكَانَ زَوْجٍ وَءَاتَيْتُمْ إِحْدَىٰهُنَّ قِنطَارًا فَلَا تَأْخُذُوا۟ مِنْهُ شَيْـًٔا أَتَأْخُذُونَهُۥ بُهْتَٰنًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا
Wa in arattumustib daala zawjim makaana zawjin wa aataitum ihdaahunna qintaaran falaa taakhuzoo minhu shai'aa; ataakhuzoonahoo buhtaannanw wa ismam mubeenaa
But if you want to replace one wife with another and you have given one of them a great amount [in gifts], do not take [back] from it anything. Would you take it in injustice and manifest sin?
اور اگر تم ایک عورت کو چھوڑ کر دوسری عورت کرنی چاہو۔ اور پہلی عورت کو بہت سال مال دے چکے ہو تو اس میں سے کچھ مت لینا۔ بھلا تم ناجائز طور پر اور صریح ظلم سے اپنا مال اس سے واپس لے لوگے؟
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The next two verses (20, 21) also enlarge upon this subject. Here it has been said that, should it be that the woman has just not shown any contumacy or immodesty, but the husband, following his own physical desire and pleasure, intends to marry another woman in her place, then again it will not be ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if you desire to exchange a wife in place of another by divorcing the one and you have given to one of the spouses a hundredweight that is a large sum as dowry take of it nothing. Would you take it by way of calumny injustice and manifest sin? buhtānan ‘calumny’ and ithman ‘sin’ end in the accus...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Meaning of `Inheriting Women Against Their Will
Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah,
يَـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَرِثُواْ النِّسَآءَ كَرْهاً
(O you who believe! You are not permitted to inherit women against their will,) "Before, the practice was that...
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَن تُؤَدُّوا۟ ٱلْأَمَٰنَٰتِ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهَا وَإِذَا حَكَمْتُم بَيْنَ ٱلنَّاسِ أَن تَحْكُمُوا۟ بِٱلْعَدْلِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ نِعِمَّا يَعِظُكُم بِهِۦٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ سَمِيعًۢا بَصِيرًا
Innal laaha yaamurukum an tu'addul amaanaati ilaaa ahlihaa wa izaa hakamtum bainan naasi an tahkumoo bil 'adl; innal laaha yaamurukum an tu'addul amaanaati ilaaa ahlihaa wa izaa hakamtum bainan naasi an tahkumoo bil 'adl; innal laaha ni'immaa ya'izukum bih; innal laaha kaana Samee'am Baseera
Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Excellent is that which Allah instructs you. Indeed, Allah is ever Hearing and Seeing.
خدا تم کو حکم دیتا ہے کہ امانت والوں کی امانتیں ان کے حوالے کردیا کرو اور جب لوگوں میں فیصلہ کرنے لگو تو انصاف سے فیصلہ کیا کرو خدا تمہیں بہت خوب نصیحت کرتا ہے بےشک خدا سنتا اور دیکھتا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
The background of the revelation of these verses
The first of the two verses cited above was revealed in the back-ground of a particular event which related to the custodial service of the Ka'bah, an office of great honour even before the advent of Islam. Those who were appointed to serve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Verily God commands you to restore trusts that is the rights entrusted to you by others back to their owners this was revealed when ‘Alī may God be pleased with him took the key of the Ka‘ba from its keeper ‘Uthmān b. Talha al-Hajabī by force upon the arrival of the Prophet s in Mecca in the year of...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to Return the Trusts to Whomever They Are Due
Allah commands that the trusts be returned to their rightful owners. Al-Hasan narrated that Samurah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«أَدِّ الْأَمَانَةَ إِلى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ، وَلَا تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَك»
(Return the trust to those who e...
إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ بِٱلْحَقِّ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِمَآ أَرَىٰكَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَا تَكُن لِّلْخَآئِنِينَ خَصِيمًا
Innaaa anzalnaaa ilaikal Kitaaba bilhaqqi litahkuma bainan naasi bimaaa araakal laah; wa laa takul lilkhaaa'ineena khaseemaa
Indeed, We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth so you may judge between the people by that which Allah has shown you. And do not be for the deceitful an advocate.
(اے پیغمبر) ہم نے تم پر سچی کتاب نازل کی ہے تاکہ خدا کی ہدایت کے مطابق لوگوں کے مقدمات میں فیصلہ کرو اور (دیکھو) دغابازوں کی حمایت میں کبھی بحث نہ کرنا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence
While discussing the matters relating to the open disbelievers, the Holy Qur'an has, in some places in the previous verses, referred to the hypocrites and has pointed out that Kufr or disbelief was the common denominator between them. Further on, a particular episode relating to some hypocr...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Tu‘ma b. Ubayriq stole a coat of mail and hid it with a Jew. When it was discovered with the latter Tu‘ma accused him of having stolen it and swore by God that he Tu‘ma had not stolen it and his clan asked the Prophet s to advocate on his behalf and absolve him whereupon the following was revealed S...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Necessity of Referring to What Allah has Revealed for Judgement
Allah says to His Messenger, Muhammad ﷺ,
إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَـبَ بِالْحَقِّ
(Surely, We have sent down to you the Book in truth) meaning, it truly came from Allah and its narrations and commandments are true. Allah the...
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُونُوا۟ قَوَّٰمِينَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ شُهَدَآءَ لِلَّهِ وَلَوْ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوِ ٱلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ وَٱلْأَقْرَبِينَ إِن يَكُنْ غَنِيًّا أَوْ فَقِيرًا فَٱللَّهُ أَوْلَىٰ بِهِمَا فَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا۟ ٱلْهَوَىٰٓ أَن تَعْدِلُوا۟ وَإِن تَلْوُۥٓا۟ أَوْ تُعْرِضُوا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا
Yaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo koonoo qawwa ameena bilqisti shuhadaaa'a lillaahi wa law 'alaa anfusikum awil waalidaini wal aqrabeen iny yakun ghaniyyan aw faqeeran fallaahu awlaa bihimaa falaaa tattabi'ul hawaaa an ta'diloo; wa in talwooo aw tu'ridoo fa innal laaha kaana bimaa ta'maloona Khabeera
O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted.
اے ایمان والو! انصاف پر قائم رہو اور خدا کے لئے سچی گواہی دو خواہ (اس میں) تمہارا یا تمہارےماں باپ اور رشتہ داروں کا نقصان ہی ہو۔ اگر کوئی امیر ہے یا فقیر تو خدا ان کا خیر خواہ ہے۔ تو تم خواہش نفس کے پیچھے چل کر عدل کو نہ چھوڑ دینا۔ اگر تم پیچیدا شہادت دو گے یا (شہادت سے) بچنا چاہو گے تو (جان رکھو) خدا تمہارے سب کاموں سے واقف ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The real purpose of sending prophets and scriptures
In this verse of Surah Al-Nisa', all Muslims have been instructed to uphold justice and be true when appearing as witnesses. Besides, things which can become impediments to the establishment of justice or the availability of true evidence have been...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe be upright in justice; witnesses of the truth for God even though it the witnessing be against yourselves so be witness against them your selves by affirming the truth and not concealing it; or against parents and kinsmen whether the person witnessed against be rich or poor; God is...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Commanding Justice and Conveying the Witness for Allah
Allah commands His believing servants to stand up for justice and fairness and not to deviate from it, right or left. They should not fear the blame of anyone or allow anyone to prevent them from doing something for the sake of Allah. They are a...
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تُحِلُّوا۟ شَعَٰٓئِرَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا ٱلشَّهْرَ ٱلْحَرَامَ وَلَا ٱلْهَدْىَ وَلَا ٱلْقَلَٰٓئِدَ وَلَآ ءَآمِّينَ ٱلْبَيْتَ ٱلْحَرَامَ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ وَرِضْوَٰنًا وَإِذَا حَلَلْتُمْ فَٱصْطَادُوا۟ وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوْمٍ أَن صَدُّوكُمْ عَنِ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ أَن تَعْتَدُوا۟ وَتَعَاوَنُوا۟ عَلَى ٱلْبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقْوَىٰ وَلَا تَعَاوَنُوا۟ عَلَى ٱلْإِثْمِ وَٱلْعُدْوَٰنِ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ
Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo laa tuhilloo sha'aaa 'iral laahi wa lash Shahral Haraama wa lal hadya wa lal qalaaa'ida wa laa aaammeenal Baital Haraama yabtaghoona fadlam mir Rabbihim wa ridwaanaa; wa izaa halaltum fastaadoo; wa laa yajrimannakum shana aanu qawmin an saddookum 'anil Masjidil-Haraami an ta'tadoo; wa ta'aawanoo 'alalbirri wattaqwaa; wa laa ta'aawanoo 'alal ismi wal'udwaan; wattaqul laah; innal laaha shadeedul 'iqaab
O you who have believed, do not violate the rites of Allah or [the sanctity of] the sacred month or [neglect the marking of] the sacrificial animals and garlanding [them] or [violate the safety of] those coming to the Sacred House seeking bounty from their Lord and [His] approval. But when you come out of ihram, then [you may] hunt. And do not let the hatred of a people for having obstructed you from al-Masjid al-Haram lead you to transgress. And cooperate in righteousness and piety, but do not cooperate in sin and aggression. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in penalty.
مومنو! خدا کے نام کی چیزوں کی بےحرمتی نہ کرنا اور نہ ادب کے مہینے کی اور نہ قربانی کے جانوروں کی اور نہ ان جانوروں کی (جو خدا کی نذر کر دیئے گئے ہوں اور) جن کے گلوں میں پٹے بندھے ہوں اور نہ ان لوگوں کی جو عزت کے گھر (یعنی بیت الله) کو جا رہے ہوں (اور) اپنے پروردگار کے فضل اور اس کی خوشنودی کے طلبگار ہوں اور جب احرام اتار دو تو (پھر اختیار ہے کہ) شکار کرو اور لوگوں کی دشمنی اس وجہ سے کہ انہوں نے تم کو عزت والی مسجد سے روکا تھا تمہیں اس بات پر آمادہ نہ کرے کہ تم ان پر زیادتی کرنے لگو اور (دیکھو) نیکی اور پرہیزگاری کے کاموں میں ایک دوسرے کی مدد کیا کرو اور گناہ اور ظلم کی باتوں میں مدد نہ کیا کرو اور خدا سے ڈرتے رہو۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا کا عذاب سخت ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Linkage of Verses
The first verse of Surah al-Ma'idah emphasized the fulfillment of contracts. Included among these contracts is the contract or pledge to abide by the restrictions of the lawful and the unlawful as ordained by Allah Almighty. The second verse cited here describes two important artic...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe do not profane God’s sacraments sha‘ā’ir is the plural of sha‘īra that is the ritual ceremonies of the religion by hunting game while you are on pilgrimage nor the sacred month by fighting in it nor the offering that is the boon offered in the Meccan Sanctuary by interfering with i...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Al-Madina
The Virtues of Surat Al-Ma'idah; When It was Revealed
At-Tirmidhi recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr said, "The last Surahs to be revealed were Surat Al-Ma'idah and Surat Al-Fath (chapter 48)." At-Tirmidhi commented, "This Hadith is Hasan, Gharib." and it was also repor...
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُونُوا۟ قَوَّٰمِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَآءَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوْمٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا۟ ٱعْدِلُوا۟ هُوَ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ
Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamaanoo koonoo qawwaa meena lillaahi shuhadaaa'a bilqist, wa laa yajrimannakum shana aanu qawmin 'alaaa allaa ta'diloo; i'diloo; huwa aqrabu littaqwaa wattaqul laah; innal laaha khabeerum bimaa ta'maloon
O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm for Allah, witnesses in justice, and do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is Acquainted with what you do.
اے ایمان والوں! خدا کے لیے انصاف کی گواہی دینے کے لیے کھڑے ہو جایا کرو۔ اور لوگوں کی دشمنی تم کو اس بات پر آمادہ نہ کرے کہ انصاف چھوڑ دو۔ انصاف کیا کرو کہ یہی پرہیزگاری کی بات ہے اور خدا سے ڈرتے رہو۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا تمہارے سب اعمال سے خبردار ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
The subject of the first of the three verses given above has appeared earlier in Surah al-Nis-a' in almost the same words. The only difference is that the arrangement of words there (4:135) was: كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ بِالْقِسْطِ شُهَدَاءَ لِلَّـهِ while, here (5:8), it has been said: كُونُ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe be upright before God in fulfilling what is His due witnesses in equity in justice. Let not hatred of a people namely the disbelievers cause you not to be just and to harm them on account of their enmity; be just towards both friend and foe that justice is nearer to God-fearing. An...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Reminding the Believers of the Bounty of the Message and Islam
Allah reminds His believing servants of His bounty by legislating this glorious religion and sending them this honorable Messenger. He also reminds them of the covenant and pledges that He took from them to follow the Messenger , support...
سَمَّٰعُونَ لِلْكَذِبِ أَكَّٰلُونَ لِلسُّحْتِ فَإِن جَآءُوكَ فَٱحْكُم بَيْنَهُمْ أَوْ أَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ وَإِن تُعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ فَلَن يَضُرُّوكَ شَيْـًٔا وَإِنْ حَكَمْتَ فَٱحْكُم بَيْنَهُم بِٱلْقِسْطِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُقْسِطِينَ
Sammaa'oona lilkazibi akkaaloona lissuht; fa in jaaa'ooka fahkum bainahum aw a'rid anhum wa in tu'rid 'anhum falany-yadurrooka shai'anw wa in hakamta fahkum bainahum bilqist; innal laaha yuhibbul muqsiteen
[They are] avid listeners to falsehood, devourers of [what is] unlawful. So if they come to you, [O Muhammad], judge between them or turn away from them. And if you turn away from them - never will they harm you at all. And if you judge, judge between them with justice. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.
(یہ) جھوٹی باتیں بنانے کے جاسوسی کرنے والے اور (رشوت کا) حرام مال کھانے والے ہیں اگر یہ تمہارے پاس (کوئی مقدمہ فیصل کرانے کو) آئیں تو تم ان میں فیصلہ کر دینا یا اعراض کرنا اور اگر ان سے اعراض کرو گے تو وہ تمہارا کچھ بھی نہیں بگاڑ سکیں گے اور اگر فیصلہ کرنا چاہو تو انصاف کا فیصلہ کرنا کہ خدا انصاف کرنے والوں کو دوست رکھتا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: 1. The first trait identified is: سَمَّاعُونَ لِلْكَذِبِ (They are listeners of the lie). It means that they are used to listening to and going by what is false. They are the kind of blind followers of unfaithful Jews who see to it that they are called men of learning who would go on following them ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They are listeners to calumny and consumers of unlawful gain read suhut or suht that which is illicit such as bribes. If they come to you to judge between them then judge between them or turn away from them the second option given here was abrogated by His saying So judge between them to the end of ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Do Not Feel Sad Because of the Behavior of the Jews and Hypocrites
These honorable Ayat were revealed about those who rush into disbelief, deviating from the obedience of Allah, His Messenger, prefering their opinions and lusts to what Allah has legislated,
مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ ءَامَنَّا بِأَفْوَ...
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ شَهَٰدَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ ٱلْمَوْتُ حِينَ ٱلْوَصِيَّةِ ٱثْنَانِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ أَوْ ءَاخَرَانِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ إِنْ أَنتُمْ ضَرَبْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَأَصَٰبَتْكُم مُّصِيبَةُ ٱلْمَوْتِ تَحْبِسُونَهُمَا مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَيُقْسِمَانِ بِٱللَّهِ إِنِ ٱرْتَبْتُمْ لَا نَشْتَرِى بِهِۦ ثَمَنًا وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبَىٰ وَلَا نَكْتُمُ شَهَٰدَةَ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّآ إِذًا لَّمِنَ ٱلْـَٔاثِمِينَ
Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo shahaadatu bainikum izaa hadara ahadakumul mawtu heenal wasiyyatis naani zawaa 'adlim minkum aw aakharaani min ghairikum in antum darabtum fil ardi fa asaabatkum museebatul mawt; tahbi soonahumaa mim ba'dis Salaati fa yuqsimaani billaahi inirtabtum laa nashtaree bihee samananw wa law kaana zaa qurbaa wa laa naktumu shahaadatal laahi innaaa izal laminal aasimeen
O you who have believed, testimony [should be taken] among you when death approaches one of you at the time of bequest - [that of] two just men from among you or two others from outside if you are traveling through the land and the disaster of death should strike you. Detain them after the prayer and let them both swear by Allah if you doubt [their testimony, saying], "We will not exchange our oath for a price, even if he should be a near relative, and we will not withhold the testimony of Allah. Indeed, we would then be of the sinful."
مومنو! جب تم میں سے کسی کی موت آموجود ہو تو شہادت (کا نصاب) یہ ہے کہ وصیت کے وقت تم (مسلمانوں) میں سے دو عادل (یعنی صاحب اعتبار) گواہ ہوں یا اگر (مسلمان نہ ملیں اور) تم سفر کر رہے ہو اور (اس وقت) تم پر موت کی مصیبت واقع ہو تو کسی دوسرے مذہب کے دو (شخصوں کو) گواہ (کر لو) اگر تم کو ان گواہوں کی نسبت کچھ شک ہو تو ان کو (عصر کی) نماز کے بعد کھڑا کرو اور دونوں خدا کی قسمیں کھائیں کہ ہم شہادت کا کچھ عوض نہیں لیں گے گو ہمارا رشتہ دار ہی ہو اور نہ ہم الله کی شہادت کو چھپائیں گے اگر ایسا کریں گے تو گنہگار ہوں گے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence of Verses
Prior to this, there were injunctions relevant to religious considerations. Now some injunctions relevant to worldly considerations have been mentioned. The hint given is that the way Allah Ta` ala, in His mercy, helps His servants with better life in the Hereafter, He also takes ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe let testimony between you when death that is one of its causes draws near to one of you at the time of a bequest be that of two men of justice among you ithnāni dhawā ‘adlin minkum ‘two men of justice among you’ is the predicate expressed with the sense of an imperative in other wo...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Testimony of Two Just Witnesses for the Final Will and Testament
This honorable Ayah contains a glorious ruling from Allah. Allah's statement,
يِـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ شَهَـدَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ حِينَ الْوَصِيَّةِ اثْنَانِ
(O you who believe! When death approaches...
فَإِنْ عُثِرَ عَلَىٰٓ أَنَّهُمَا ٱسْتَحَقَّآ إِثْمًا فَـَٔاخَرَانِ يَقُومَانِ مَقَامَهُمَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسْتَحَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْأَوْلَيَٰنِ فَيُقْسِمَانِ بِٱللَّهِ لَشَهَٰدَتُنَآ أَحَقُّ مِن شَهَٰدَتِهِمَا وَمَا ٱعْتَدَيْنَآ إِنَّآ إِذًا لَّمِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
Fa in 'usira 'alaaa annahumas tahaqqaaa isman fa aakharaani yaqoomaani maqaamahumaa minal lazeenas tahaqqa 'alaihimul awlayaani fa yuqsimaani billaahi lashahaadatunaaa ahaqqu min shahaadatihimaaa wa ma'tadainaaa innaaa izal laminaz zaalimeen
But if it is found that those two were guilty of perjury, let two others stand in their place [who are] foremost [in claim] from those who have a lawful right. And let them swear by Allah, "Our testimony is truer than their testimony, and we have not transgressed. Indeed, we would then be of the wrongdoers."
پھر اگر معلوم ہو جائے کہ ان دونوں نے (جھوٹ بول کر) گناہ حاصل کیا ہے تو جن لوگوں کا انہوں نے حق مارنا چاہا تھا ان میں سے ان کی جگہ اور دو گواہ کھڑے ہوں جو (میت سے) قرابت قریبہ رکھتے ہوں پھر وہ خدا کی قسمیں کھائیں کہ ہماری شہادت ان کی شہادت سے بہت اچھی ہے اور ہم نے کوئی زیادتی نہیں کی ایسا کیا ہو تو ہم بےانصاف ہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence of Verses
Prior to this, there were injunctions relevant to religious considerations. Now some injunctions relevant to worldly considerations have been mentioned. The hint given is that the way Allah Ta` ala, in His mercy, helps His servants with better life in the Hereafter, He also takes ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But if it be discovered if it be ascertained after they have sworn their oaths that both of them have merited the suspicion of sin that is that they have done something to incur it in the way of a breach of faith or perjury in the testimony; for example if what they are accused of is found with them...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Testimony of Two Just Witnesses for the Final Will and Testament
This honorable Ayah contains a glorious ruling from Allah. Allah's statement,
يِـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ شَهَـدَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ حِينَ الْوَصِيَّةِ اثْنَانِ
(O you who believe! When death approaches...
ذَٰلِكَ أَدْنَىٰٓ أَن يَأْتُوا۟ بِٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ عَلَىٰ وَجْهِهَآ أَوْ يَخَافُوٓا۟ أَن تُرَدَّ أَيْمَٰنٌۢ بَعْدَ أَيْمَٰنِهِمْ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱسْمَعُوا۟ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلْفَٰسِقِينَ
Zaalika adnaaa ai yaatoo bishshahaadati 'alaa wajhihaaa aw yakhaafooo an turadda aimaanum ba'da aimaanihim; wattaqul laaha wasma'oo; wallaahu laa yahdil qawmal faasiqeen
That is more likely that they will give testimony according to its [true] objective, or [at least] they would fear that [other] oaths might be taken after their oaths. And fear Allah and listen; and Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.
اس طریق سے بہت قریب ہے کہ یہ لوگ صحیح صحیح شہادت دیں یا اس بات سے خوف کریں کہ (ہماری) قسمیں ان کی قسموں کے بعد رد کر دی جائیں گی اور خدا سے ڈرو اور اس کے حکموں کو (گوشِ ہوش سے) سنو اور خدا نافرمان لوگوں کو ہدایت نہیں دیتا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence of Verses
Prior to this, there were injunctions relevant to religious considerations. Now some injunctions relevant to worldly considerations have been mentioned. The hint given is that the way Allah Ta` ala, in His mercy, helps His servants with better life in the Hereafter, He also takes ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: That ruling mentioned where the oath devolves to the inheritors makes it likelier brings closer the eventuality that they the witnesses or the trustees will bear the testimony in its true form the form in which they have been charged to bear it without distortion or breach of faith or it is likelier...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Testimony of Two Just Witnesses for the Final Will and Testament
This honorable Ayah contains a glorious ruling from Allah. Allah's statement,
يِـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ شَهَـدَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ حِينَ الْوَصِيَّةِ اثْنَانِ
(O you who believe! When death approaches...
قُلْ أَمَرَ رَبِّى بِٱلْقِسْطِ وَأَقِيمُوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ عِندَ كُلِّ مَسْجِدٍ وَٱدْعُوهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ ٱلدِّينَ كَمَا بَدَأَكُمْ تَعُودُونَ
Qul amara Rabbee bilqisti wa aqeemoo wujoohakum 'inda kulli masjidin wad'oohu mukhliseena lahud deen; kamaa bada akum ta'oodoon
Say, [O Muhammad], "My Lord has ordered justice and that you maintain yourselves [in worship of Him] at every place [or time] of prostration, and invoke Him, sincere to Him in religion." Just as He originated you, you will return [to life] -
کہہ دو کہ میرے پروردگار نے تو انصاف کرنے کا حکم دیا ہے۔ اور یہ کہ ہر نماز کے وقت سیدھا (قبلے کی طرف) رخ کیا کرو اور خاص اسی کی عبادت کرو اور اسی کو پکارو۔ اس نے جس طرح تم کو ابتداء میں پیدا کیا تھا اسی طرح تم پھر پیدا ہوگے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Said in the second verse was: قُلْ أَمَرَ رَبِّي بِالْقِسْطِ (Say, "My Lord has bid-den me to do justice). Here, the Holy Prophet ﷺ has been asked to tell those ignorant people, who were falsely attributing the justification of their naked Tawaf towards Allah, that Allah always commands justice. T...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘My Lord enjoins justice fairness. And set wa-aqīmū is a supplement to the syntactical significance of bi’l-qist ‘justice’ that is to say it is as if He said ‘Be just and set your faces’ or read wa-aqīmū with an implied fa-aqbilū ‘so turn’ towards it your faces towards God in every place of wors...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Disbelievers commit Sins and claim that Allah commanded Them to do so!
Mujahid said, "The idolators used to go around the House (Ka`bah) in Tawaf while naked, saying, `We perform Tawaf as our mothers gave birth to us.' The woman would cover her sexual organ with something saying, `Today, some or all...
وَمِن قَوْمِ مُوسَىٰٓ أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَبِهِۦ يَعْدِلُونَ
Wa min qawmi Moosaaa ummatuny yahdoona bilhaqqi wa bihee ya'diloon
And among the people of Moses is a community which guides by truth and by it establishes justice.
اور قوم موسیٰ میں کچھ لوگ ایسے بھی ہیں جو حق کا راستہ بتاتے اور اسی کے ساتھ انصاف کرتے ہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Truthful among the Israelites
The verse 159 said: وَمِن قَوْمِ مُوسَىٰ أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ ﴿159﴾ '"Among the community of Musa there are people who guide to the truth, and do justice thereby." That is, there is a group among the Israelites who follows the truth and de...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And among the people of Moses there is a community a group who guide people by the truth and act justly according to it when passing judgements.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَـبِ أُمَّةٌ قَآئِمَةٌ يَتْلُونَ ءَايَـتِ اللَّهِ ءَانَآءَ الَّيْلِ وَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ
(A party of the people of the Scripture stand for the right, they recite the verses of Allah during the hours of the night, prostrating themselves in prayer) 3:113,
وَإِنَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَـب...
وَمِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَآ أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَبِهِۦ يَعْدِلُونَ
Wa mimman khalaqnaaa ummatuny yahdoona bilhaqqi wa bihee ya'diloon
And among those We created is a community which guides by truth and thereby establishes justice.
اور ہماری مخلوقات میں سے ایک وہ لوگ ہیں جو حق کا رستہ بتاتے ہیں اور اسی کے ساتھ انصاف کرتے ہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The previous verses offered a remedy of calling Allah by His good names to those who were neglectfully not making proper use of their faculties. Now the verse 181 speaks of those who followed the right path. The verse said, “ And among those we have created, there are people who guide with truth and...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And of those whom We created there is a community who guide by the truth and act justly therewith this is the community of Muhammad (s) as stated in a hadīth.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): وَمِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَآ
(And of those whom We have created), in reference to some nations,
أُمَّةٍ
(a community), that stands in truth, in words and action,
يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ
(who guides (others) with the truth), they proclaim it and call to it,
وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ
(and establishes justice therewith),...
قَالُوا۟ جَزَٰٓؤُهُۥ مَن وُجِدَ فِى رَحْلِهِۦ فَهُوَ جَزَٰٓؤُهُۥ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
Qaaloo jazaaa'uhoo manw wujida fee rahlihee fahuwa jazaaa'uh; kazaalika najziz zaalimeen
[The brothers] said, "Its recompense is that he in whose bag it is found - he [himself] will be its recompense. Thus do we recompense the wrongdoers."
انہوں نے کہا کہ اس کی سزا یہ ہے کہ جس کے شلیتے میں وہ دستیاب ہو وہی اس کا بدل قرار دیا جائے ہم ظالموں کو یہی سزا دیا کرتے ہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The answer given was: قَالُوا جَزَاؤُهُ مَن وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ فَهُوَ جَزَاؤُهُ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي الظَّالِمِين ، that is, the brothers of suf said: ` It's punishment is that he, in whose baggage it is found, shall him-self be the punishment. This is how we punish the wrongdoers.'
The sense of th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They said ‘His requital qālū jazā’uhu the subject the predicate of which is the following man wujida fī rahlihi shall be the requital of him in whose saddlebag it is found that he be enslaved — this is then reiterated by His words He the thief shall be the requital for it that is for the stolen item...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ مَّا جِئْنَا لِنُفْسِدَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَمَا كُنَّا سَـرِقِينَ
(By Allah! Indeed you know that we came not to make mischief in the land, and we are no thieves!) `Ever since you knew us, you, due to our good conduct, became certain that,
مَّا جِئْنَا لِنُفْسِدَ فِى الاٌّرْض...
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَٱلْإِحْسَٰنِ وَإِيتَآئِ ذِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَيَنْهَىٰ عَنِ ٱلْفَحْشَآءِ وَٱلْمُنكَرِ وَٱلْبَغْىِ يَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ
Innal laaha yaamaru bil 'adli wal ihsaani wa eetaaa'i zil qurbaa wa yanhaa 'anil fahshaaa'i wal munkari walbagh-i' ya'izukum la'allakum tazakkkaroon
Indeed, Allah orders justice and good conduct and giving to relatives and forbids immorality and bad conduct and oppression. He admonishes you that perhaps you will be reminded.
خدا تم کو انصاف اور احسان کرنے اور رشتہ داروں کو (خرچ سے مدد) دینے کا حکم دیتا ہے۔ اور بےحیائی اور نامعقول کاموں سے اور سرکشی سے منع کرتا ہے (اور) تمہیں نصیحت کرتا ہے تاکہ تم یاد رکھو
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
This is the most comprehensive verse of the Holy Qur’ an where the essence of the entire range of Islamic teachings has been condensed into a few words. Therefore, from the blessed period of the most righteous elders upto this day, the practice has continued that this verse is recited at ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Indeed God enjoins justice — that is affirmation of His Oneness or actually being fair and virtue performance of the religious obligations or that you should worship God as if you were able to see Him as reported in the hadīth; and giving to kinsfolk — He has singled it kinship out for mention by wa...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to be Fair and Kind
Allah tells us that He commands His servant to be just, i.e., fair and moderate, and that He encourages kindness and good treatment. As He says:
وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُواْ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَئِن صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِّلصَّـبِرينَ
(And if you p...
وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا۟ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُم بِهِۦ وَلَئِن صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِّلصَّٰبِرِينَ
Wa in 'aaqabtum fa'aaqiboo bimisli maa 'ooqibtum bihee wa la'in sabartum lahuwa khairul lissaabireen
And if you punish [an enemy, O believers], punish with an equivalent of that with which you were harmed. But if you are patient - it is better for those who are patient.
اور اگر تم ان کو تکلیف دینی چاہو تو اتنی ہی دو جتنی تکلیف تم کو ان سے پہنچی۔ اور اگر صبر کرو تو وہ صبر کرنے والوں کے لیے بہت اچھا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Causing Pain to a Man of Da'wah: Revenge is Permissible, but Patience is Better.
The next three verses (126, 127, 128) carry another important instruction for those who present the message of Truth before people. It tells them about what they have to do in unusual conditions. There are occasions whe...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: After Hamza b. ‘Abd al-Muttalib had been killed and mutilated and the Prophet s had seen him and said ‘Verily I will mutilate 70 of them for you’ the following was revealed And if you retaliate retaliate with the like of what you have been made to suffer; and yet if you endure patiently refraining f...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command for Equality in Punishment
Allah commands justice in punishment and equity in settling the cases of rights. `Abdur-Razzaq recorded that, concerning the Ayah,
فَعَاقِبُواْ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ
(then punish them with the like of that with which you were afflicted.) Ibn Sirin said,...
وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلنَّفْسَ ٱلَّتِى حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَمَن قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِۦ سُلْطَٰنًا فَلَا يُسْرِف فِّى ٱلْقَتْلِ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مَنصُورًا
Wa laa taqtulun nafsal latee harramal laahu illaa bilhaqq; wa man qutila mazlooman faqad ja'alnaa liwaliyyihee sultaanan falaa yusrif fil qatli innahoo kaana mansooraa
And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. And whoever is killed unjustly - We have given his heir authority, but let him not exceed limits in [the matter of] taking life. Indeed, he has been supported [by the law].
اور جس کا جاندار کا مارنا خدا نے حرام کیا ہے اسے قتل نہ کرنا مگر جائز طور پر (یعنی بفتویٰ شریعت) ۔ اور جو شخص ظلم سے قتل کیا جائے ہم نے اس کے وارث کو اختیار دیا ہے (کہ ظالم قاتل سے بدلہ لے) تو اس کو چاہیئے کہ قتل (کے قصاص) میں زیادتی نہ کرے کہ وہ منصورو فتحیاب ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
This eighth injunction is about the prohibition of killing unjustly. Virtually all groups, religions and sects of the world take it to be a grave crime. In Hadith, the Holy Prophet ﷺ said, "The destruction of the en-tire world is lighter in the sight of Allah than the unjust killing of a ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And do not slay the soul whose life God has made inviolable except with due cause. Whoever is slain wrongfully We have certainly given his heir the one inheriting from him a warrant a sanction to retaliate against the slayer; but let him not commit excess let him not overstep the bounds in slaying b...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibition of Unlawful Killing Allah forbids killing with no legitimate reason
It was reported in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِىءٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: النَّفْسُ بِالنّ...
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلْنَٰهُ لِلنَّاسِ سَوَآءً ٱلْعَٰكِفُ فِيهِ وَٱلْبَادِ وَمَن يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحَادٍۭ بِظُلْمٍ نُّذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Innal lazeena kafaroo wa yasuddoona 'an sabeelil laahi wal Masjidil Haraamil lazee ja'alnaahu linnaasi sawaaa'anil 'aakifu feehi walbaad; wa mai yurid feehi bi ilhaadim bizulmin nuziqhu min 'azaabin aleem
Indeed, those who have disbelieved and avert [people] from the way of Allah and [from] al-Masjid al-Haram, which We made for the people - equal are the resident therein and one from outside; and [also] whoever intends [a deed] therein of deviation [in religion] or wrongdoing - We will make him taste of a painful punishment.
جو لوگ کافر ہیں اور (لوگوں کو) خدا کے رستے سے اور مسجد محترم سے جسے ہم نے لوگوں کے لئے یکساں (عبادت گاہ) بنایا ہے روکتے ہیں۔ خواہ وہاں کے رہنے والے ہوں یا باہر سے آنے والے۔ اور جو اس میں شرارت سے کج روی (وکفر) کرنا چاہے اس کو ہم درد دینے والے عذاب کا مزہ چکھائیں گے۔
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
In the previous verse, mention was made of the mutual hostility between the believers and infidels. One aspect of this hostility has been described in this verse, namely that among the infidels there are those who not only persist in error themselves but also prevent others from following...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Truly those who disbelieve and who bar from the way of God from obedience to Him and from the Sacred Mosque which We have assigned as a holy rite and a place of devotion for mankind equally for the dweller the one who resides therein and the visitor the passer-by; and whoever seeks to commit sacrile...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): A Warning to Those Who hinder Others from the Path of Allah and from Al-Masj id Al-Haram and Who seek to do Evil Actions therein
Allah rebukes the disbelievers for preventing the believers from coming to Al-Masjid Al-Haram and performing their rites and rituals there, claiming that they were its gua...
ذَٰلِكَ وَمَنْ عَاقَبَ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبَ بِهِۦ ثُمَّ بُغِىَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنصُرَنَّهُ ٱللَّهُ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ
Zaalika wa man 'aaqaba bimisli maa 'ooqiba bihee summa bughiya 'alaihi la yansurannahul laah; innal laaha la 'Afuwwun Ghafoor
That [is so]. And whoever responds [to injustice] with the equivalent of that with which he was harmed and then is tyrannized - Allah will surely aid him. Indeed, Allah is Pardoning and Forgiving.
یہ (بات خدا کے ہاں ٹھہر چکی ہے) اور جو شخص (کسی کو) اتنی ہی ایذا دے جتنی ایذا اس کو دی گئی پھر اس شخص پر زیادتی کی جائے تو خدا اس کی مدد کرے گا۔ بےشک خدا معاف کرنے والا اور بخشنے والا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
In an earlier verse it has been mentioned that Allah Ta’ ala helps those who are wronged unjustly وَإِنَّ اللَّـهَ عَلَىٰ نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ (Allah is powerful to give them victory - 22:39) Some people bear their sufferings patiently and do not seek vengeance from their oppressors, bu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: That which We have related to you is so. And whoever retaliates whoever from among the believers requites with the like of what he was made to suffer at the hands of the idolaters wrongfully that is whoever fights against them if they fight against him during the sacred month and then is again made ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Great Reward for Those Who migrate in the Cause of Allah
Allah tells us that those who migrate for the sake of Allah, seeking to earn His pleasure and that which is with Him, leaving behind their homelands, families and friends, leaving their countries for the sake of Allah and His Messenger to ...
قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرًا لِّلْمُجْرِمِينَ
Qaala Rabbi bimaaa an'amta 'alaiya falan akoona zaheeral lilmujrimeen
He said, "My Lord, for the favor You bestowed upon me, I will never be an assistant to the criminals."
کہنے لگے کہ اے پروردگار تو نے جو مجھ پر مہربانی فرمائی ہے میں (آئندہ) کبھی گنہگاروں کا مددگار نہ بنوں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَا أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرًا لِّلْمُجْرِمِينَ (He [ Musa ] said, "0 my Lord, since You have favoured me, I will never be a supporter to the sinners." -28:17). When Allah Ta’ ala pardoned this slip of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) he said in gratitude to Allah Ta` ala...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘My Lord forasmuch as You have been gracious to me with forgiveness protect me so I will never be a partisan a supporter of the criminals’ the disbelievers henceforth if you were to protect me.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How Musa killed a Coptic Man
Having described Musa's beginnings, Allah then tells us that when he reached maturity, and was complete in stature, Allah gave him Hukm and religious knowledge. Mujahid said that this means prophethood.
وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ
(And thus do We reward the doers o...
قَالَ ذَٰلِكَ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ أَيَّمَا ٱلْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَيْتُ فَلَا عُدْوَٰنَ عَلَىَّ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَا نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ
Qaala zaalika bainee wa bainaka aiyamal ajalaini qadaitu falaa 'udwaana 'alaiya wallaahu 'alaa ma naqoolu Wakeel
[Moses] said, "That is [established] between me and you. Whichever of the two terms I complete - there is no injustice to me, and Allah, over what we say, is Witness."
موسٰی نے کہا کہ مجھ میں اور آپ میں یہ (عہد پختہ ہوا) میں جونسی مدت (چاہوں) پوری کردوں پھر مجھ پر کوئی زیادتی نہ ہو۔ اور ہم جو معاہدہ کرتے ہیں خدا اس کا گواہ ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Two important conditions for hiring a person, and assigning a job
Allah Ta` ala made the daughter of Sayyidna Shu'aib (علیہ السلام) say something of great wisdom. In the present set up of employment, great emphasis is laid at the time of interviews on scrutinizing the degrees and experience of a can...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He Moses said ‘That which you have said is settled then between me and you. Whichever of the two terms the eight or the ten the mā in ayyamā ‘whichever of the two’ is extra in other words the tending thereof I complete there shall be no injustice done to me by demanding of me to do more tending. And...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Musa, the Father of the Two Women, and His Marriage to One of Them
When the two women came back quickly with the sheep, their father was surprised that they returned so soon. He asked them what had happened, and they told him what Musa, peace be upon him, had done. So he sent one of them to call him...
وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ رَبِّىٓ أَعْلَمُ بِمَن جَآءَ بِٱلْهُدَىٰ مِنْ عِندِهِۦ وَمَن تَكُونُ لَهُۥ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلدَّارِ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُفْلِحُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ
Wa qaala Moosaa Rabbeee a'alamu biman jaaa'a bilhudaa min 'indihee wa man takoonu lahoo 'aaqibatud daari innahoo laa yuflihuz zaalimoon
And Moses said, "My Lord is more knowing [than we or you] of who has come with guidance from Him and to whom will be succession in the home. Indeed, wrongdoers do not succeed."
اور موسٰی نے کہا کہ میرا پروردگار اس شخص کو خوب جانتا ہے جو اس کی طرف سے حق لےکر آیا ہے اور جس کے لئے عاقبت کا گھر (یعنی بہشت) ہے۔ بیشک ظالم نجات نہیں پائیں گے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: A sermon should have high degree of eloquence
هُوَ أَفْصَحُ مِنِّي لِسَانًا (He is more fluent in his tongue - 28:34). This verse points out that a high degree of oratory and eloquence is desirable for sermons and preaching, and there is no harm if one takes training in that.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And Moses said wa-qāla or qāla without the ‘and’ ‘My Lord knows best who brings guidance from Him the suffixed pronoun in ‘indihi refers to the Lord and whose man here is a supplement to the previous man will be read takūna or yakūna the sequel of the Blissful Abode that is to say the praiseworthy s...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Musa before Fir`awn and His People
Allah tells us how Musa and his brother Harun came before Fir`awn and his chiefs, and showed them the clear miracles and overwhelming proof that Allah had given them to confirm the truth of what they were saying about Allah being One and that His commandments were ...
وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ بِغَيْرِ مَا ٱكْتَسَبُوا۟ فَقَدِ ٱحْتَمَلُوا۟ بُهْتَٰنًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا
Wallazeena yu'zoonal mu'mineena almu'manaati bighairi mak tasaboo faqadih tamaloo buhtaananw wa ismam mubeenaa
And those who harm believing men and believing women for [something] other than what they have earned have certainly born upon themselves a slander and manifest sin.
اور جو لوگ مومن مردوں اور مومن عورتوں کو ایسے کام (کی تہمت سے) جو انہوں نے نہ کیا ہو ایذا دیں تو انہوں نے بہتان اور صریح گناہ کا بوجھ اپنے سر پر رکھا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
In the previous verses, Muslims were warned against doing what caused pain to the Holy Prophet ﷺ . But, some Muslims used to get involved into doing such things unintentionally simply because of their lack of knowledge or attention. For example, walking into his living quarters without ha...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And those who cause hurt to believing men and believing women without the latter’s having done anything those who accuse them of what they have not done have verily borne the guilt of calumny they have borne lies and the burden of manifest sin.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Whoever annoys Allah and His Messenger , is cursed in this World and the Hereafter Here,
Allah warns and threatens those who annoy Him by going against His commands and doing that which He has forbidden, and who persist in doing so, and those who annoy His Messenger by accusing him of having faults ...
إِذْ دَخَلُوا۟ عَلَىٰ دَاوُۥدَ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُمْ قَالُوا۟ لَا تَخَفْ خَصْمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعْضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فَٱحْكُم بَيْنَنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا تُشْطِطْ وَٱهْدِنَآ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ
Iz dakhaloo 'alaa Daawooda fafazi'a minhum qaaloo la takhaf khasmaani baghaa ba'dunaa 'alaa ba'din fahkum bainanaaa bilhaqqi wa laa tushtit wahdinaaa ilaa Sawaaa'is Siraat
When they entered upon David and he was alarmed by them? They said, "Fear not. [We are] two adversaries, one of whom has wronged the other, so judge between us with truth and do not exceed [it] and guide us to the sound path.
جس وقت وہ داؤد کے پاس آئے تو وہ ان سے گھبرا گئے انہوں نے کہا کہ خوف نہ کیجیئے۔ ہم دونوں کا ایک مقدمہ ہے کہ ہم میں سے ایک نے دوسرے پر زیادتی کی ہے تو آپ ہم میں انصاف کا فیصلہ کر دیجیئے اور بےانصافی نہ کیجیئے گا اور ہم کو سیدھا رستہ دکھا دیجیئے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: About Sayyidna Dawud (علیہ السلام) ، it was said in verse 22: فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُمْ (and he was scared of them). The reason of being scared was quite obvious. Two men barging into one's privacy in that manner at an odd hour beating the security cordon can only be because of some bad intention in most ca...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When they entered upon David and he was frightened by them. And they said ‘Do not fear; we are two disputants some say that this means ‘two groups’ in order to agree with the plural person of the verb dakhalū ‘they entered’; others say ‘two individuals’ with the plural person actually denoting these...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Two Litigants
In discussing this passage, the scholars of Tafsir mention a story which is mostly based upon Isra'iliyat narrations. Nothing has been reported about this from the Infallible Prophet that we could accept as true. But Ibn Abi Hatim narrated a Hadith whose chain of narra...
قَالَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِۦ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ ٱلْخُلَطَآءِ لَيَبْغِى بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَقَلِيلٌ مَّا هُمْ وَظَنَّ دَاوُۥدُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّٰهُ فَٱسْتَغْفَرَ رَبَّهُۥ وَخَرَّ رَاكِعًا وَأَنَابَ
Qaala laqad zalamaka bisu 'aali na'jatika ilaa ni'aajihee wa inna kaseeram minal khulataaa'i la-yabghee ba'duhum 'alaa ba'din illal lazeena aamanoo wa 'amilus saalihaati wa qaleehum maa hum; wa zanna Daawoodu annamaa fatannaahu fastaghrara Rabbahoo wa kharra raaki'anw wa anaab
[David] said, "He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds - and few are they." And David became certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord and fell down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allah].
انہوں نے کہا کہ یہ جو تیری دنبی مانگتا ہے کہ اپنی دنبیوں میں ملالے بےشک تجھ پر ظلم کرتا ہے۔ اور اکثر شریک ایک دوسرے پر زیادتی ہی کیا کرتے ہیں۔ ہاں جو ایمان لائے اور عمل نیک کرتے رہے اور ایسے لوگ بہت کم ہیں۔ اور داؤد نے خیال کیا کہ (اس واقعے سے) ہم نے ان کو آزمایا ہے تو انہوں نے اپنے پروردگار سے مغفرت مانگی اور جھک کر گڑ پڑے اور (خدا کی طرف) رجوع کیا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: A man of stature should observe patience to the best of his ability over errors made by those in need
This tells us that a person whom Allah has blessed with some high rank - and the needs of people are tied to him should do his best to remain patient over their irregular behavior and errors of expr...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘He has certainly wronged you by asking for your ewe that he may add it to his sheep. And indeed many associates infringe upon the rights of one another except such as believe and perform righteous deeds but few are they!’ mā emphasises the ‘fewness’. As the two angels were ascending to the ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Two Litigants
In discussing this passage, the scholars of Tafsir mention a story which is mostly based upon Isra'iliyat narrations. Nothing has been reported about this from the Infallible Prophet that we could accept as true. But Ibn Abi Hatim narrated a Hadith whose chain of narra...
يَٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَٰكَ خَلِيفَةً فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱحْكُم بَيْنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلْهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌۢ بِمَا نَسُوا۟ يَوْمَ ٱلْحِسَابِ
Yaa Daawoodu innaa ja'alnaaka khaleefatan fil ardi fahkum bainan naasi bilhaqqi wa laa tattabi'il hawaa fayudillaka 'an sabeelil laah; innal lazeena yadilloona 'an sabeelil laah; lahum 'azaabun shadeedum bimaa nasoo Yawmal Hisaab
[We said], "O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your own] desire, as it will lead you astray from the way of Allah." Indeed, those who go astray from the way of Allah will have a severe punishment for having forgotten the Day of Account.
اے داؤد ہم نے تم کو زمین میں بادشاہ بنایا ہے تو لوگوں میں انصاف کے فیصلے کیا کرو اور خواہش کی پیروی نہ کرنا کہ وہ تمہیں خدا کے رستے سے بھٹکا دے گی۔ جو لوگ خدا کے رستے سے بھٹکتے ہیں ان کے لئے سخت عذاب (تیار) ہے کہ انہوں نے حساب کے دن کو بھلا دیا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
Not only that Allah Ta’ ala had made Sayyidna Dawud (علیہ السلام) a prophet, He had also placed a government and state at his command. Accordingly, in this verse, he has been entrusted with a basic guideline for the conduct of governance and politics. Three things have been said in this g...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: ‘O David! We have indeed made you a vicegerent on the earth managing the affairs of people; so judge justly between people and do not follow desire that is the desires of the soul that it then lead you astray from the way of God that is to say from the proofs that indicate the truth of His Oneness. ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Advice to Rulers and Leaders
This is advice from Allah, may He be exalted, to those who are in positions of authority. They should rule according to the truth and justice revealed from Him, they should not turn away from it and be led astray from the path of Allah. Allah has issued a stern warning o...
فَلِذَٰلِكَ فَٱدْعُ وَٱسْتَقِمْ كَمَآ أُمِرْتَ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَهُمْ وَقُلْ ءَامَنتُ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِن كِتَٰبٍ وَأُمِرْتُ لِأَعْدِلَ بَيْنَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكُمْ لَنَآ أَعْمَٰلُنَا وَلَكُمْ أَعْمَٰلُكُمْ لَا حُجَّةَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَنَا وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ
Falizaalika fad'u wastaqim kamaaa umirta wa laa tattabi' ahwaaa'ahum wa qul aamantu bimaaa anzalal laahu min Kitaab, wa umirtu li a'dila bainakum Allaahu Rabbunaa wa Rabbukum lanaaa a'maa lunaa wa lakum a'maalukim laa hujjata bainanaa wa baina kumul laahu yajma'u bainanaa wa ilaihil maseer
So to that [religion of Allah] invite, [O Muhammad], and remain on a right course as you are commanded and do not follow their inclinations but say, "I have believed in what Allah has revealed of the Qur'an, and I have been commanded to do justice among you. Allah is our Lord and your Lord. For us are our deeds, and for you your deeds. There is no [need for] argument between us and you. Allah will bring us together, and to Him is the [final] destination."
تو (اے محمدﷺ) اسی (دین کی) طرف (لوگوں کو) بلاتے رہنا اور جیسا تم کو حکم ہوا ہے (اسی پر) قائم رہنا۔ اور ان کی خواہشوں کی پیروی نہ کرنا۔ اور کہہ دو کہ جو کتاب خدا نے نازل فرمائی ہے میں اس پر ایمان رکھتا ہوں۔ اور مجھے حکم ہوا ہے کہ تم میں انصاف کروں۔ خدا ہی ہمارا اور تمہارا پروردگار ہے۔ ہم کو ہمارے اعمال (کا بدلہ ملے گا) اور تم کو تمہارے اعمال کا۔ ہم میں اور تم میں کچھ بحث وتکرار نہیں۔ خدا ہم (سب) کو اکھٹا کرے گا۔ اور اسی کی طرف لوٹ کر جانا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فَلِذَٰلِكَ فَادْعُ ۖ وَاسْتَقِمْ كَمَا أُمِرْتَ ۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ ۖ وَقُلْ آمَنتُ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّـهُ مِن كِتَابٍ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ لِأَعْدِلَ بَيْنَكُمُ ۖ اللَّـهُ رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكُمْ ۖ لَنَا أَعْمَالُنَا وَلَكُمْ أَعْمَالُكُمْ ۖ لَا حُجَّةَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ ۖ اللَّـهُ يَجْم...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So to that then to that affirmation of God’s Oneness summon O Muhammad (s) people and be upright in summoning them to this just as you have been commanded and do not follow them in their desires to abandon it. And say ‘I believe in whatever Book God has revealed. And I have been commanded to be just...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): This Ayah includes ten separate and independent ideas, each of which is a ruling on its own.
They (the scholars) said that there is nothing else like it in the Qur'an, apart from Ayat Al-Kursi 2:255, which also includes ten ideas.
فَلِذَلِكَ فَادْعُ
(So unto this then invite (people),) means, `so ca...
وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلْبَغْىُ هُمْ يَنتَصِرُونَ
Wallazeena izaa asaabahumul baghyu hum yantasiroon
And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they defend themselves,
اور جو ایسے ہیں کہ جب ان پر ظلم وتعدی ہو تو (مناسب طریقے سے) بدلہ لیتے ہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Seventh virtue:۔ وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَهُمُ الْبَغْيُ هُمْ يَنتَصِرُونَ (and those who, when they are subjected to aggression, defend themselves - 39.) The original word used in the text is ` yantasirun' which may be translated as ` defend themselves' and also as ` retaliate'. In the latter case...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and those who when they suffer aggression injustice defend themselves — these are another category — that is to say they retaliate against those who wrong them in the same manner in which the latter wronged them as God exalted be He says
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Attributes of Those Who deserve that which is with Allah
Here Allah points out the insignificance of this worldly life and its transient adornments and luxuries.
فَمَآ أُوتِيتُمْ مِّن شَىْءٍ فَمَتَـعُ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا
(So whatever you have been given is but (a passing) enjoyment for this wo...
وَجَزَٰٓؤُا۟ سَيِّئَةٍ سَيِّئَةٌ مِّثْلُهَا فَمَنْ عَفَا وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَجْرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
Wa jazaaa'u saiyi'atin saiyi'tum misluha faman 'afaa wa aslaha fa ajruhoo 'alal laah; innahoo laa yuhibbuz zaalimeen
And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.
اور برائی کا بدلہ تو اسی طرح کی برائی ہے۔ مگر جو درگزر کرے اور (معاملے کو) درست کردے تو اس کا بدلہ خدا کے ذمے ہے۔ اس میں شک نہیں کہ وہ ظلم کرنے والوں کو پسند نہیں کرتا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Seventh virtue:۔ وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَهُمُ الْبَغْيُ هُمْ يَنتَصِرُونَ (and those who, when they are subjected to aggression, defend themselves - 39.) The original word used in the text is ` yantasirun' which may be translated as ` defend themselves' and also as ` retaliate'. In the latter case...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: For the requital of an evil deed is an evil deed like it the latter is also referred to as ‘an evil deed’ because in outward form it resembles the former; this is evident in what concerns retaliation for wounds. Some scholars say that even if another were to say ‘May God disgrace you!’ then one shou...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Forgiving or exacting Revenge on Wrongdoers
وَجَزَآءُ سَيِّئَةٍ سَيِّئَةٌ مِّثْلُهَا
(The recompense for an evil is an evil like thereof). This is like the Ayat:
فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى عَلَيْكُمْ فَاعْتَدُواْ عَلَيْهِ بِمِثْلِ مَا اعْتَدَى عَلَيْكُمْ
(Then whoever transgresses the prohibition against you, ...
وَلَمَنِ ٱنتَصَرَ بَعْدَ ظُلْمِهِۦ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ مَا عَلَيْهِم مِّن سَبِيلٍ
Wa lamanin tasara ba'da zulmihee fa ulaaa'ika maa 'alaihim min sabeel
And whoever avenges himself after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame].
اور جس پر ظلم ہوا ہو اگر وہ اس کے بعد انتقام لے تو ایسے لوگوں پر کچھ الزام نہیں
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Seventh virtue:۔ وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَهُمُ الْبَغْيُ هُمْ يَنتَصِرُونَ (and those who, when they are subjected to aggression, defend themselves - 39.) The original word used in the text is ` yantasirun' which may be translated as ` defend themselves' and also as ` retaliate'. In the latter case...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And whoever defends himself after he has been wronged that is to say after the wrongdoer has wronged him — for such there will be no course of action against them no blame on them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Forgiving or exacting Revenge on Wrongdoers
وَجَزَآءُ سَيِّئَةٍ سَيِّئَةٌ مِّثْلُهَا
(The recompense for an evil is an evil like thereof). This is like the Ayat:
فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى عَلَيْكُمْ فَاعْتَدُواْ عَلَيْهِ بِمِثْلِ مَا اعْتَدَى عَلَيْكُمْ
(Then whoever transgresses the prohibition against you, ...
وَإِن طَآئِفَتَانِ مِنَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ٱقْتَتَلُوا۟ فَأَصْلِحُوا۟ بَيْنَهُمَا فَإِنۢ بَغَتْ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا عَلَى ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ فَقَٰتِلُوا۟ ٱلَّتِى تَبْغِى حَتَّىٰ تَفِىٓءَ إِلَىٰٓ أَمْرِ ٱللَّهِ فَإِن فَآءَتْ فَأَصْلِحُوا۟ بَيْنَهُمَا بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَأَقْسِطُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُقْسِطِينَ
Wa in taaa'ifataani minal mu'mineenaq tataloo faaslihoo bainahumaa fa-im baghat ih daahumaa 'alal ukhraa faqaatilul latee tabhee hattaa tafeee'a ilaaa amril laah; fa-in faaa't fa aslihoo bainahumaa bil'adli wa aqsitoo innal laaha yuhibbul muqsiteen
And if two factions among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the two. But if one of them oppresses the other, then fight against the one that oppresses until it returns to the ordinance of Allah. And if it returns, then make settlement between them in justice and act justly. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.
اور اگر مومنوں میں سے کوئی دو فریق آپس میں لڑ پڑیں تو ان میں صلح کرا دو۔ اور اگر ایک فریق دوسرے پر زیادتی کرے تو زیادتی کرنے والے سے لڑو یہاں تک کہ وہ خدا کے حکم کی طرف رجوع لائے۔ پس جب وہ رجوع لائے تو وہ دونوں فریق میں مساوات کے ساتھ صلح کرا دو اور انصاف سے کام لو۔ کہ خدا انصاف کرنے والوں کو پسند کرتا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Linkage
In the foregoing verses the rights of the Prophet were set out. They also laid down the mannerism in which he should be treated. The verses prohibited any act that would annoy or hurt him. Now this set of verses [ 9-10] establishes the manners, mores, injunctions, and mutual rights and oblig...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if two parties of believers in tā’ifatāni mina’l-mu’minīna... to the end of the verse was revealed regarding a particular incident where the Prophet s was riding a donkey and happened to pass by Ibn Ubayy; the donkey urinated and so Ibn Ubayy held his nose whereupon ‘Abd Allāh Ibn Rawāhā said ‘B...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Making Peace between Disputing Muslims
Allah commands making peace between Muslims that fight each other,
وَإِن طَآئِفَتَانِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُواْ فَأَصْلِحُواْ بَيْنَهُمَا
(And if two parties among the believers fall to fighting, then make peace between them both.) Therefore, Allah calls...
وَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلْوَزْنَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ وَلَا تُخْسِرُوا۟ ٱلْمِيزَانَ
Wa aqeemul wazna bilqisti wa laa tukhsirul meezaan
And establish weight in justice and do not make deficient the balance.
اور انصاف کے ساتھ ٹھیک تولو۔ اور تول کم مت کرو
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَقِيمُوا الْوَزْنَ بِالْقِسْطِ (And observe the correct weight with fairness, ....55:9). The word قِسط qist literally means 'justice'. The meaning is obvious: 'And observe the weight with equity'.
وَلَا تُخْسِرُوا الْمِيزَانَ (and do not make weighing deficient...55:9). The word خُسر khusr means...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And observe the weights with justice fairly and do not skimp the balance do not decrease the value of what is being weighed.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah
Imam Ahmad recorded that Zirr said that a man said to Ibn Mas`ud: "How is this recited: "Ma'in Ghayri Yasin or Asin" He asked him, "Are you that proficient in reciting the whole Qur'an" He replied, "I recite the Mufassal section in one Rak`ah." So he said, "Woe to you! D...
لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ وَأَنزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ ٱلنَّاسُ بِٱلْقِسْطِ وَأَنزَلْنَا ٱلْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَنَٰفِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُۥ وَرُسُلَهُۥ بِٱلْغَيْبِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ
Laqad arsalnaa Rusulanaa bilbaiyinaati wa anzalnaa ma'ahumul Kitaaba wal Meezaana liyaqooman naasu bilqist, wa anzalnal hadeeda feehi baasun shadeedunw wa manaafi'u linnaasi wa liya'lamal laahu many yansuruhoo wa Rusulahoo bilghaib; innal laaha Qawiyyn 'Azeez
We have already sent Our messengers with clear evidences and sent down with them the Scripture and the balance that the people may maintain [their affairs] in justice. And We sent down iron, wherein is great military might and benefits for the people, and so that Allah may make evident those who support Him and His messengers unseen. Indeed, Allah is Powerful and Exalted in Might.
ہم نے اپنے پیغمبروں کو کھلی نشانیاں دے کر بھیجا۔ اور اُن پر کتابیں نازل کیں اور ترازو (یعنی قواعد عدل) تاکہ لوگ انصاف پر قائم رہیں۔ اور لوہا پیدا کیا اس میں (اسلحہٴ جنگ کے لحاظ سے) خطرہ بھی شدید ہے۔ اور لوگوں کے لئے فائدے بھی ہیں اور اس لئے کہ جو لوگ بن دیکھے خدا اور اس کے پیغمبروں کی مدد کرتے ہیں خدا ان کو معلوم کرے۔ بےشک خدا قوی (اور) غالب ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Establishing Justice: The Real Purpose of sending Prophets and Divine Books
لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَنزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ وَأَنزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ
We have indeed sent Our messengers with clear proofs...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: We have verily sent Our messengers the angels to prophets with clear signs with the definitive proofs and We revealed with them the Scripture and the Balance justice so that mankind may uphold justice. And We sent down iron We caused it to be extracted from mineral ores wherein is great might with w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Prophets were given Miracles and Sent with truth and Justice
Allah the Exalted said next,
لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ
(Indeed We have sent Our Messengers with clear proofs) in reference to the miracles, the unequivocal evidences and the plain proofs,
وَأَنزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِت...
لَّا يَنْهَىٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ فِى ٱلدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجُوكُم مِّن دِيَٰرِكُمْ أَن تَبَرُّوهُمْ وَتُقْسِطُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُقْسِطِينَ
Laa yanhaakumul laahu 'anil lazeena lam yuqaatilookum fid deeni wa lam yukhrijookum min diyaarikum an tabarroohum wa tuqsitooo ilaihim; innal laaha yuhibbul muqsiteen
Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.
جن لوگوں نے تم سے دین کے بارے میں جنگ نہیں کی اور نہ تم کو تمہارے گھروں سے نکالا ان کے ساتھ بھلائی اور انصاف کا سلوک کرنے سے خدا تم کو منع نہیں کرتا۔ خدا تو انصاف کرنے والوں کو دوست رکھتا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Some reports indicate that Sayyidah Asma’ s ؓ mother Qutailah was divorced by Sayyidna Abu Bakr ؓ in the Days of Ignorance. Sayyidah Asma’ s sister, Sayyidah ` A'ishah ؓ was born of the second wife of Abu Bakr ؓ ، namely, Umm Raman, who had embraced Islam. [ Ibn Kathir and Mazhari ].
The verse direc...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God does not forbid you in regard to those who did not wage war against you from among the disbelievers on account of religion and did not expel you from your homes that you should treat them kindly an tabarrūhum is an inclusive substitution for alladhīna ‘those who’ and deal with them justly this w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): إِنَّمَا يَنْهَـكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ قَـتَلُوكُمْ فِى الدِّينِ وَأَخْرَجُوكُم مِّن دِيَـرِكُمْ وَظَـهَرُواْ عَلَى إِخْرَجِكُمْ أَن تَوَلَّوْهُمْ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُمْ فَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الظَّـلِمُونَ
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا جَآءَكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتُ مُهَٰجِرَٰتٍ فَٱمْتَحِنُوهُنَّ ٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِهِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَٰتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى ٱلْكُفَّارِ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَّهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ وَءَاتُوهُم مَّآ أَنفَقُوا۟ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَآ ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوا۟ بِعِصَمِ ٱلْكَوَافِرِ وَسْـَٔلُوا۟ مَآ أَنفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْـَٔلُوا۟ مَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ ذَٰلِكُمْ حُكْمُ ٱللَّهِ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Yaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo izaa jaaa'akumul mu'minaatu muhaajiraatin famtah inoohunna Allaahu a'lamu bieemaanihinna fa in 'alimtumoohunna mu'minaatin falaa tarji'oohunna ilal kuffaar; laa hunna hillul lahum wa laa hum uahilloona lahunna wa aatoohum maa anfaqoo wa laa junaaha 'alaikum an tankihoohunna izaaa aataitumoohunna ujoorahunn; wa laa tumsikoo bi 'isamil kawaafiri was'aloo maaa anfaqtum walyas'aloo maaa anfaqoo zaalikum hukmul laahi yahkumu bainakum wallaahu 'aleemun hakeem
O you who have believed, when the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. Allah is most knowing as to their faith. And if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers; they are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them. But give the disbelievers what they have spent. And there is no blame upon you if you marry them when you have given them their due compensation. And hold not to marriage bonds with disbelieving women, but ask for what you have spent and let them ask for what they have spent. That is the judgement of Allah; He judges between you. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
مومنو! جب تمہارے پاس مومن عورتیں وطن چھوڑ کر آئیں تو ان کی آزمائش کرلو۔ (اور) خدا تو ان کے ایمان کو خوب جانتا ہے۔ سو اگر تم کو معلوم ہو کہ مومن ہیں تو ان کو کفار کے پاس واپس نہ بھیجو۔ کہ نہ یہ ان کو حلال ہیں اور نہ وہ ان کو جائز۔ اور جو کچھ انہوں نے (ان پر) خرچ کیا ہو وہ ان کو دے دو۔ اور تم پر کچھ گناہ نہیں کہ ان عورتوں کو مہر دے کر ان سے نکاح کرلو اور کافر عورتوں کی ناموس کو قبضے میں نہ رکھو (یعنی کفار کو واپس دے دو) اور جو کچھ تم نے ان پر خرچ کیا ہو تم ان سے طلب کرلو اور جو کچھ انہوں نے (اپنی عورتوں پر) خرچ کیا ہو وہ تم سے طلب کرلیں۔ یہ خدا کا حکم ہے جو تم میں فیصلہ کئے دیتا ہے اور خدا جاننے والا حکمت والا ہے
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary
Cause of Revelation
Peace Treaty of Hudaibiyah and an Analysis of some of its Clauses
These verses are related to the event of the treaty of Hudaibiyah which was discussed at legnth in Surah Al-Fath. After protracted negotiation, a treaty was concluded between the Quraish of Makkah and th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe when believing women come to you saying with their tongues that they are emigrating from the company of disbelievers — this was following the truce concluded with them the disbelievers at al-Hudaybiyya to the effect that if any of their number should go to join the believers that p...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Perhaps Allah will make a Friendship between You and Those, whom You hold as Enemies
Allah said to His faithful servants, after ordering them to be enemies with the disbelievers,
عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُم مِّنْهُم مَّوَدَّةً
(Perhaps Allah will make friendsh...
وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَىْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَٰجِكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْكُفَّارِ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَـَٔاتُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَٰجُهُم مِّثْلَ مَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنتُم بِهِۦ مُؤْمِنُونَ
Wa in faatakum shai'um min azwaajikum ilal kuffaari fa'aaqabtum fa aatul lazeena zahabat azwaajuhum misla maaa anfaqoo; wattaqul laahal lazeee antum bihee mu'minoon
And if you have lost any of your wives to the disbelievers and you subsequently obtain [something], then give those whose wives have gone the equivalent of what they had spent. And fear Allah, in whom you are believers.
اور اگر تمہاری عورتوں میں سے کوئی عورت تمہارے ہاتھ سے نکل کر کافروں کے پاس چلی جائے (اور اس کا مہر وصول نہ ہوا ہو) پھر تم ان سے جنگ کرو (اور ان سے تم کو غنیمت ہاتھ لگے) تو جن کی عورتیں چلی گئی ہیں ان کو (اس مال میں سے) اتنا دے دو جتنا انہوں نے خرچ کیا تھا اور خدا سے جس پر تم ایمان لائے ہو ڈرو
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَآتُوا الَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَاجُهُم مِّثْلَ مَا أَنفَقُوا ۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّـهَ الَّذِي أَنتُم بِهِ مُؤْمِنُونَ
And if some of your [ non-Muslim ] wives have slipped from you, [ and their present non-Muslim husbands do n...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if you lose any of your wives that is to say if you lose one or more of them — or it means if you lose anything of their dowries — by their going to the disbelievers as apostates and so you retaliate you embark upon a raid and capture spoils from them then give those whose wives have gone from t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Perhaps Allah will make a Friendship between You and Those, whom You hold as Enemies
Allah said to His faithful servants, after ordering them to be enemies with the disbelievers,
عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُم مِّنْهُم مَّوَدَّةً
(Perhaps Allah will make friendsh...
فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَأَشْهِدُوا۟ ذَوَىْ عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ وَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلشَّهَٰدَةَ لِلَّهِ ذَٰلِكُمْ يُوعَظُ بِهِۦ مَن كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ مَخْرَجًا
Fa izaa balaghna ajalahunna fa amsikoohunna bima'roofin aw faariqoohunna bima'roofinw wa ashhidoo zawai 'adlim minkum wa aqeemush shahaadata lillaah; zaalikum yoo'azu bihee man kaana yu'minu billaahi wal yawmil aakhir; wa many yattaqil laaha yaj'al lahoo makhrajaa
And when they have [nearly] fulfilled their term, either retain them according to acceptable terms or part with them according to acceptable terms. And bring to witness two just men from among you and establish the testimony for [the acceptance of] Allah. That is instructed to whoever should believe in Allah and the Last day. And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out
پھر جب وہ اپنی میعاد (یعنی انقضائے عدت) کے قریب پہنچ جائیں تو یا تو ان کو اچھی طرح (زوجیت میں) رہنے دو یا اچھی طرح سے علیحدہ کردو اور اپنے میں سے دو منصف مردوں کو گواہ کرلو اور (گواہ ہو!) خدا کے لئے درست گواہی دینا۔ ان باتوں سے اس شخص کو نصیحت کی جاتی ہے جو خدا پر اور روز آخرت پر ایمان رکھتا ہے۔ اور جو کوئی خدا سے ڈرے گا وہ اس کے لئے (رنج ومحن سے) مخلصی (کی صورت) پیدا کرے گا
Commentary
Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Rule [ 5]
فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ (So, when they [ the divorced women ] have [ almost ] reached their term, then either retain them with fairness, or part with them with fairness…65:2). The word ajal means ‘term of ‘iddah and ‘reaching the term’ means ‘nearing the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Then when they have reached their term when they are near the end of their prescribed period retain them by taking them back honourably without coercion or separate from them honourably leave them to conclude their waiting period and do not compel them to go back to you. And call to witness two just...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Ordaining Kindness towards Divorced Women
Allah the Exalted says that when the woman who is in her `Iddah nears the end of the `Iddah term, the husband must decide to reconcile with her, thus keeping their marriage together,
بِمَعْرُوفٍ
(in a good manner) while being kind to her in their companionsh...