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Seeking Forgiveness

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Seeking Forgiveness

اسْتِغْفَار

Seeking forgiveness, known as Istighfar (اسْتِغْفَار) in Arabic, is a deeply cherished and continuous act of devotion in Islam, embodying a believer's humility and profound hope in Allah's boundless mercy. It is the sincere, heartfelt plea to Allah to pardon one's sins, misdeeds, and shortcomings, acknowledging our inherent human fallibility. This practice isn't merely for major transgressions, but serves as a constant spiritual purification and a daily renewal of one's covenant with the Divine. The Quran repeatedly encourages believers to [ask forgiveness of Allah], affirming that [Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful]. It is a hallmark of the righteous, including [those who seek forgiveness before dawn], a time considered especially blessed for prayer and reflection. Through Istighfar, Muslims acknowledge their absolute need for divine grace, finding solace and peace in the knowledge that Allah is always ready to forgive those who turn to Him with sincerity. It is a profound expression of faith, strengthening the bond between the human heart and its Creator, as exemplified by [those who say, "Our Lord, indeed we have believed, so forgive us our sins"].

Quran 21 verses

ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا۟ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱسْتَغْفِرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

Summa afeedoo min haisu afaadan naasu wastagh firullaah; innnal laaha Ghafoo rur-Raheem

Then depart from the place from where [all] the people depart and ask forgiveness of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

پھر جہاں سے اور لوگ واپس ہوں وہیں سے تم بھی واپس ہو اور خدا سے بخشش مانگو۔ بےشک خدا بخشنے والا اور رحمت کرنے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The third verse (199): ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُ‌وا اللَّـهَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ غَفُورٌ‌ رَّ‌حِيمٌ,(Then, flow down from where the people flowed, and seek forgiveness from Allah. Certainly, Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very-Merciful) was revealed in a particular background...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Then thumma denotes the sequence intended press on O Quraysh from where the people press on that is from ‘Arafa by standing there together with them for they used to stand at Muzdalifa disdaining to stand with other people; and seek God’s forgiveness for your sins; God is Forgiving Merciful to the b...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Order to stand on `Arafat and to depart from it This Ayah contains Allah's order to those who stand at `Arafat to also move on to Al-Muzdalifah, so that they remember Allah at Al-Mash`ar Al-Haram. Allah commands the Muslim to stand with the rest of the pilgrims at `Arafat, unlike Quraysh who (be...

ٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّنَآ ءَامَنَّا فَٱغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ

Allazeena yaqooloona Rabbanaaa innanaaa aamannaa faghfir lanaa zunoobanaa wa qinaa 'azaaban Naar

Those who say, "Our Lord, indeed we have believed, so forgive us our sins and protect us from the punishment of the Fire,"

جو خدا سے التجا کرتے ہیں کہ اے پروردگار ہم ایمان لے آئے سو ہم کو ہمارے گناہ معاف فرما اور دوزخ کے عذاب سے محفوظ رکھ

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the second verse that follows (15), the same subject has been further cleared by saying: قُلْ أَؤُنَبِّئُكُم بِخَيْرٍ‌ مِّن ذَٰلِكُمْ ۚ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا عِندَ رَ‌بِّهِمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِ‌ي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ‌ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَأَزْوَاجٌ مُّطَهَّرَ‌ةٌ وَرِ‌ضْوَانٌ مِّنَ اللَّـهِ ۗ وَا...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those alladhīna is either an adjectival qualification of or a substitution for the previous alladhīna who say “O Our Lord we believe in You and in Your Prophet; so forgive us our sins and guard us from the chastisement of the Fire”.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Supplication and Description of Al-Muttaqin Allah describes the Muttaqin, His pious servants, whom He promised tremendous rewards, الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّنَآ ءَامَنَّا (Those who say: "Our Lord! We have indeed believed") in You, Your Book and Your Messenger. فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَ...

ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ وَٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ وَٱلْقَٰنِتِينَ وَٱلْمُنفِقِينَ وَٱلْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِٱلْأَسْحَارِ

Assaabireena wassaa diqeena walqaaniteena walmunfiqeena walmus taghfireena bil ashaar

The patient, the true, the obedient, those who spend [in the way of Allah], and those who seek forgiveness before dawn.

یہ وہ لوگ ہیں جو (مشکلات میں) صبر کرتے اور سچ بولتے اور عبادت میں لگے رہتے اور (راہ خدا میں) خرچ کرتے اور اوقات سحر میں گناہوں کی معافی مانگا کرتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the second verse that follows (15), the same subject has been further cleared by saying: قُلْ أَؤُنَبِّئُكُم بِخَيْرٍ‌ مِّن ذَٰلِكُمْ ۚ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا عِندَ رَ‌بِّهِمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِ‌ي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ‌ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَأَزْوَاجٌ مُّطَهَّرَ‌ةٌ وَرِ‌ضْوَانٌ مِّنَ اللَّـهِ ۗ وَا...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The patient in obedience and against disobedience al-sābirīna ‘the patient’ is an adjectival qualification of alladhīna ‘those’ truthful in their faith obedient compliant before God expenders of charity imploring God’s pardon by saying ‘Lord forgive us’ at daybreak’ in the last part of the night sin...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Supplication and Description of Al-Muttaqin Allah describes the Muttaqin, His pious servants, whom He promised tremendous rewards, الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّنَآ ءَامَنَّا (Those who say: "Our Lord! We have indeed believed") in You, Your Book and Your Messenger. فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَ...

وَٱسْتَغْفِرِ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا

Wastaghfiril laaha innal laaha kaana Ghafoorar Raheema

And seek forgiveness of Allah. Indeed, Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful.

اور خدا سے بخشش مانگنا بےشک خدا بخشنے والا مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The background of these verses The nine verses (105-113) cited above refer to a particular episode. But, very much in accordance with the characteristic style of the Qur'an, the instructions given in this connection are not peculiar to this episode. They are, rather, a set of basic principles and ru...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And pray for forgiveness from God for that which you considered doing; surely God is ever Forgiving Merciful.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Necessity of Referring to What Allah has Revealed for Judgement Allah says to His Messenger, Muhammad ﷺ, إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَـبَ بِالْحَقِّ (Surely, We have sent down to you the Book in truth) meaning, it truly came from Allah and its narrations and commandments are true. Allah the...

وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَأَنتَ فِيهِمْ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَهُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

Wa maa kanal laahu liyu'az zibahum wa anta feehim; wa maa kaanal laahu mu'az zibahum wa hum yastaghfiroon

But Allah would not punish them while you, [O Muhammad], are among them, and Allah would not punish them while they seek forgiveness.

اور خدا ایسا نہ تھا کہ جب تک تم ان میں سے تھے انہیں عذاب دیتا۔ اور ایسا نہ تھا کہ وہ بخششیں مانگیں اور انہیں عذاب دے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The answer to this was given by the Qur'an itself. First, it was said: وَمَا كَانَ اللَّـهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَأَنتَ فِيهِمْ (And Allah is not to send punishment upon them while you are in their midst [ in Makkah ] - 33). The reason is that it is the customary practice of Allah Ta` ala with all bless...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God then says But God was not about to chastise them for what they requested while you were among them for when chastisement is sent down it is all-encompassing and no community was ever chastised except after its prophet and the believers had departed from it; nor was God about to chastise them whi...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Quraysh claimed They can produce Something similar to the Qur'an Allah describes the disbelief, transgression, rebellion, as well as misguided statements that the pagans of Quraysh used to utter when they heard Allah's Ayat being recited to them, قَدْ سَمِعْنَا لَوْ نَشَآءُ لَقُلْنَا مِثْلَ هَـذ...

وَيَٰقَوْمِ ٱسْتَغْفِرُوا۟ رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِ يُرْسِلِ ٱلسَّمَآءَ عَلَيْكُم مِّدْرَارًا وَيَزِدْكُمْ قُوَّةً إِلَىٰ قُوَّتِكُمْ وَلَا تَتَوَلَّوْا۟ مُجْرِمِينَ

Wa yaa qawmis taghfiroo Rabbakum summa toobooo ilaihi yursilis samaaa'a 'alaikum midraaranw wa yazidkum quwwatan ilaa quwwatikum wa laa tatawallaw mujrimeen

And O my people, ask forgiveness of your Lord and then repent to Him. He will send [rain from] the sky upon you in showers and increase you in strength [added] to your strength. And do not turn away, [being] criminals."

اور اے قوم! اپنے پروردگار سے بخشش مانگو پھر اس کے آگے توبہ کرو۔ وہ تم پر آسمان سے موسلادھار مینہ برسائے گا اور تمہاری طاقت پر طاقت بڑھائے گا اور (دیکھو) گنہگار بن کر روگردانی نہ کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After that, the next eight verses (61-68) carry the story of Sayyidna Salih peace be upon him. He was sent to the people of Thamud, another branch of the tribe of ` Ad. He too invited his people to believe in Tauhid, the Oneness of Allah. As customary, his people belied him and insisted that he must...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And O my people ask forgiveness of your Lord for your idolatry then turn return to Him repentant through obedience; He will release the sky He will release the rain — for they had been denied it — upon you in abundance with abundant rainfall and He will add to you strength to your strength through w...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Prophet Hud and the People of `Ad Allah, the Exalted, says, و (And) This is an introductory to what is implied: "Verily, We sent." إِلَى عَادٍ أَخَاهُمْ هُودًا (to the `Ad (people) their brother Hud.) Hud came to them commanding them to worship Allah alone, without any associates. He fo...

وَإِلَىٰ ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمْ صَٰلِحًا قَالَ يَٰقَوْمِ ٱعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهٍ غَيْرُهُۥ هُوَ أَنشَأَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱسْتَعْمَرَكُمْ فِيهَا فَٱسْتَغْفِرُوهُ ثُمَّ تُوبُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِ إِنَّ رَبِّى قَرِيبٌ مُّجِيبٌ

Wa ilaa Samooda akhaahum Saalihaa; qaala yaa qawmi' budul laaha maa lakum min ilaahim ghairuhoo Huwa ansha akum minal ardi wasta' marakum feehaa fastaghfiroohu summa toobooo ilaih; inna Rabbee Qareebum Mujeeb

And to Thamud [We sent] their brother Salih. He said, "O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him. He has produced you from the earth and settled you in it, so ask forgiveness of Him and then repent to Him. Indeed, my Lord is near and responsive."

اور ثمود کی طرف ان کے بھائی صالح کو (بھیجا) تو انہوں نے کہا کہ قوم! خدا ہی کی عبادت کرو اس کے سوا تمہارا کوئی معبود نہیں۔ اسی نے تم کو زمین سے پیدا کیا اور اس میں آباد کیا تو اس سے مغفرت مانگو اور اس کے آگے توبہ کرو۔ بےشک میرا پروردگار نزدیک (بھی ہے اور دعا کا) قبول کرنے والا (بھی) ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After that, the next eight verses (61-68) carry the story of Sayyidna Salih peace be upon him. He was sent to the people of Thamud, another branch of the tribe of ` Ad. He too invited his people to believe in Tauhid, the Oneness of Allah. As customary, his people belied him and insisted that he must...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We sent to Thamūd their brother from the tribe Sālih. He said ‘O my people worship God! affirm His Oneness. You have no god other than He. He it is Who produced you Who began your creation from the earth by creating your father Adam from it and has given you to live therein He has made you inhab...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of Salih and the People of Thamud Allah, the Exalted, says, و (And) This is an introduction to that which is implied, "Verily, We sent." إِلَى ثَمُودَ (to Thamud) They were a group of people who were living in cities carved from the rocks, between Tabuk and Al-Madinah (in Arabia). They liv...

وَٱسْتَغْفِرُوا۟ رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِ إِنَّ رَبِّى رَحِيمٌ وَدُودٌ

Wastaghfiroo Rabbakum summa toobooo ilaih; inna Rabbee Raheemunw Wadood

And ask forgiveness of your Lord and then repent to Him. Indeed, my Lord is Merciful and Affectionate."

اور اپنے پروردگار سے بخشش مانگو اور اس کے آگے توبہ کرو۔ بےشک میرا پروردگار رحم والا (اور) محبت والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After having given this good counsel to them, he warned them of the punishment of Allah Ta` ala. He said: وَيَا قَوْمِ لَا يَجْرِ‌مَنَّكُمْ شِقَاقِي أَن يُصِيبَكُم مِّثْلُ مَا أَصَابَ قَوْمَ نُوحٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ هُودٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ صَالِحٍ ۚ وَمَا قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مِّنكُم بِبَعِيدٍ And 0 my people, let not y...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And ask forgiveness of your Lord then repent to Him. Truly my Lord is Merciful to believers Affectionate’ loving towards them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): وَيقَوْمِ لاَ يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شِقَاقِى (And O my people! Let not my Shiqaq cause you) This means, "Do not let your hatred and enmity of me cause you to persist in your corruption and disbelief. If you continue this way, you will suffer the same vengeance and torment that overcame Nuh's people, Hud's...

قَالُوا۟ يَٰٓأَبَانَا ٱسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا خَٰطِـِٔينَ

Qaaloo yaaa abaanas taghfir lanaa zunoo =banaaa innaa kunnaa khaati'een

They said, "O our father, ask for us forgiveness of our sins; indeed, we have been sinners."

بیٹوں نے کہا کہ ابا ہمارے لیے ہمارے گناہ کی مغفرت مانگیئے۔ بےشک ہم خطاکار تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Now, when the truth of the matter became clear, the brothers of Yusuf asked for the forgiveness of their father in a spiritually endearing style by saying: قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا اسْتَغْفِرْ‌ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا خَاطِئِينَ : 'Our father, pray to Allah to forgive us our sins. Surely, we have...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They said ‘O our father ask forgiveness for us of our sins; truly we have been sinful’.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Yahudha brings Yusuf's Shirt and Good News Ibn `Abbas and Ad-Dahhak said; الْبَشِيرُ (good news) means information. Mujahid and As-Suddi said that the bearer of good news was Yahudha, son of Ya`qub. As-Suddi added, "He brought it (Yusuf's shirt) because it was he who brought Yusuf's shirt stained wi...

قَالَ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّىٓ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

Qaala sawfa astaghfiru lakum Rabbeee innahoo Huwal Ghafoorur Raheem

He said, "I will ask forgiveness for you from my Lord. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful."

انہوں نے کہا کہ میں اپنے پروردگار سے تمہارے لیے بخشش مانگوں گا۔ بےشک وہ بخشنے والا مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The reply given by Sayyidna Ya` qub (علیہ السلام) was: قَالَ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ‌ لَكُمْ رَ‌بِّي shall pray to my Lord to forgive you ... - 98). Here, Sayyidna Ya` qub (علیہ السلام) has, instead of praying for them instantly, made a promise that he would pray for them soon. Commentators have general...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘Assuredly I shall ask forgiveness for you of my Lord. Lo! He is the Forgiving the Merciful’ he Jacob put off this plea of forgiveness until the last hour before dawn in order to be closer to the likelihood of it being accepted or he put it off until the eve of Friday. They then departed for...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Yahudha brings Yusuf's Shirt and Good News Ibn `Abbas and Ad-Dahhak said; الْبَشِيرُ (good news) means information. Mujahid and As-Suddi said that the bearer of good news was Yahudha, son of Ya`qub. As-Suddi added, "He brought it (Yusuf's shirt) because it was he who brought Yusuf's shirt stained wi...

قَالَ سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيْكَ سَأَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكَ رَبِّىٓ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ بِى حَفِيًّا

Qaala salaamun 'alaika sa astaghfiru laka Rabbeee innahoo kaana bee hafiyyaa

[Abraham] said, "Peace will be upon you. I will ask forgiveness for you of my Lord. Indeed, He is ever gracious to me.

ابراہیم نے سلام علیک کہا (اور کہا کہ) میں آپ کے لئے اپنے پروردگار سے بخشش مانگوں گا۔ بےشک وہ مجھ پر نہایت مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ (Peace on you) Here the word (Peace) may carry two meanings. One, that the word سَلَام is used to signify severance of relations in a polite manner so as not to cause hurt to his father. This practice has been described in the Holy Qur'an as an attribute of good and pious people. An...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘Peace be to you from me — in other words I shall not cause you any harm. I shall ask forgiveness of my Lord for you. Truly He is ever gracious to me hafiyyan from hafiyyun meaning bārrun ‘kind’ answering my prayers. And indeed he Abraham fulfilled his above-mentioned promise as described in...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Reply of Ibrahim's Father Allah, the Exalted, informs of the reply of Ibrahim's father to his son, Ibrahim, in reference to what he was calling him to. He said, أَرَاغِبٌ أَنتَ عَنْ آلِهَتِى يإِبْرَهِيمُ (Do you revile my gods, O Ibrahim) This means, "If you do not want to worship them (the idol...

قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّى ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِى فَٱغْفِرْ لِى فَغَفَرَ لَهُۥٓ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

Qaala Rabbi innee zalamtu nafsee faghfir lee faghafaralah; innahoo Huwal Ghafoorur Raheem

He said, "My Lord, indeed I have wronged myself, so forgive me," and He forgave him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.

بولے کہ اے پروردگار میں نے اپنے آپ پر ظلم کیا تو مجھے بخش دے تو خدا نے اُن کو بخش دیا۔ بیشک وہ بخشنے والا مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ رَ‌بِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ‌ لِي فَغَفَرَ‌ لَهُ (He said, "0 my Lord, I have wronged myself, so forgive me." So he forgave him - 28:16). The gist of this verse is that Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) regarded the killing of the infidel Qibti as a sin, despite the fact that it had happ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said remorsefully ‘My Lord I have indeed wronged myself by killing him so forgive me!’ So He forgave him. Truly He is the Forgiving the Merciful that is to say the One Who has always possessed and will always possess these two attributes.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How Musa killed a Coptic Man Having described Musa's beginnings, Allah then tells us that when he reached maturity, and was complete in stature, Allah gave him Hukm and religious knowledge. Mujahid said that this means prophethood. وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ (And thus do We reward the doers o...

قَالَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِۦ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ ٱلْخُلَطَآءِ لَيَبْغِى بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَقَلِيلٌ مَّا هُمْ وَظَنَّ دَاوُۥدُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّٰهُ فَٱسْتَغْفَرَ رَبَّهُۥ وَخَرَّ رَاكِعًا وَأَنَابَ

Qaala laqad zalamaka bisu 'aali na'jatika ilaa ni'aajihee wa inna kaseeram minal khulataaa'i la-yabghee ba'duhum 'alaa ba'din illal lazeena aamanoo wa 'amilus saalihaati wa qaleehum maa hum; wa zanna Daawoodu annamaa fatannaahu fastaghrara Rabbahoo wa kharra raaki'anw wa anaab

[David] said, "He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds - and few are they." And David became certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord and fell down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allah].

انہوں نے کہا کہ یہ جو تیری دنبی مانگتا ہے کہ اپنی دنبیوں میں ملالے بےشک تجھ پر ظلم کرتا ہے۔ اور اکثر شریک ایک دوسرے پر زیادتی ہی کیا کرتے ہیں۔ ہاں جو ایمان لائے اور عمل نیک کرتے رہے اور ایسے لوگ بہت کم ہیں۔ اور داؤد نے خیال کیا کہ (اس واقعے سے) ہم نے ان کو آزمایا ہے تو انہوں نے اپنے پروردگار سے مغفرت مانگی اور جھک کر گڑ پڑے اور (خدا کی طرف) رجوع کیا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: A man of stature should observe patience to the best of his ability over errors made by those in need This tells us that a person whom Allah has blessed with some high rank - and the needs of people are tied to him should do his best to remain patient over their irregular behavior and errors of expr...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘He has certainly wronged you by asking for your ewe that he may add it to his sheep. And indeed many associates infringe upon the rights of one another except such as believe and perform righteous deeds but few are they!’ mā emphasises the ‘fewness’. As the two angels were ascending to the ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the Two Litigants In discussing this passage, the scholars of Tafsir mention a story which is mostly based upon Isra'iliyat narrations. Nothing has been reported about this from the Infallible Prophet that we could accept as true. But Ibn Abi Hatim narrated a Hadith whose chain of narra...

فَٱصْبِرْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنۢبِكَ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ بِٱلْعَشِىِّ وَٱلْإِبْكَٰرِ

Fasbir inna wa'dal laahi haqqunw wastaghfir lizambika wa sabbih bihamdi Rabbika bil'ashiyyi wal ibkaar

So be patient, [O Muhammad]. Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth. And ask forgiveness for your sin and exalt [Allah] with praise of your Lord in the evening and the morning.

تو صبر کرو بےشک خدا کا وعدہ سچا ہے اور اپنے گناہوں کی معافی مانگو اور صبح وشام اپنے پروردگار کی تعریف کے ساتھ تسبیح کرتے رہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In the opening statement of verse 51, it was said: إِنَّا لَنَنصُرُ‌ رُ‌سُلَنَا وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا (Surely, We do help Our messengers and those who believe in the worldly life, 40:51). This verse carries the promise of Allah Ta’ ala that He would keep helping Hi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So be patient O Muhammad (s). Surely God’s promise to grant victory to His friends is true — for you and whoever follows you are among such friends. And ask forgiveness for your sin so that you will be emulated in this by your community and glorify perform prayer continuously with praise of your Lor...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Victory of the Messengers and the Believers إِنَّا لَنَنصُرُ رُسُلَنَا وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فِى الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا (Verily, We will indeed make victorious Our Messengers and those who believe in this world's life). As-Suddi, "Allah never sends a Messenger to a people and they kill him or so...

قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ أَنَّمَآ إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَٰحِدٌ فَٱسْتَقِيمُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِ وَٱسْتَغْفِرُوهُ وَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُشْرِكِينَ

Qul innamaaa ana basharum mislukum yoohaaa ilaiya annamaaa ilaahukum Ilaahunw Waahidun fastaqeemooo ilaihi wastagfirooh; wa wailul lil mushrikeen

Say, O [Muhammad], "I am only a man like you to whom it has been revealed that your god is but one God; so take a straight course to Him and seek His forgiveness." And woe to those who associate others with Allah -

کہہ دو کہ میں بھی آدمی ہوں جیسے تم۔ (ہاں) مجھ پر یہ وحی آتی ہے کہ تمہارا معبود خدائے واحد ہے تو سیدھے اسی کی طرف (متوجہ) رہو اور اسی سے مغفرت مانگو اور مشرکوں پر افسوس ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Prophetic reply to the Denial and Ridicule of Disbelievers The infidels saying that their hearts were covered and their ears were leaden, etc., was not because they had become deaf and bereft of intellect; rather it was a kind of ridicule and jest that they used to make. But the reply to this offens...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say ‘I am only a human being like you. It has been revealed to me simply that your God is One God. So be upright in your conduct before Him through faith and obedience and seek forgiveness from Him. And woe waylun is an expression implying ‘chastisement’ to the idolaters
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Call to Tawhid Allah says, قُلْ (Say) `O Muhammad, to these disbelievers and idolators,' إِنَّمَآ أَنَاْ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوحَى إِلَىَّ أَنَّمَآ إِلَـهُكُمْ إِلَـهٌ وَاحِدٌ (I am only a human being like you. It is revealed to me that your God is One God,) `not like these idols and false gods ...

فَٱعْلَمْ أَنَّهُۥ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنۢبِكَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ وَٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مُتَقَلَّبَكُمْ وَمَثْوَىٰكُمْ

Fa'lam annahoo laaa ilaaha illal laahu wastaghfir lizambika wa lilmu'mineena walmu'minaat; wallaahu ya'lamu mutaqallabakum wa maswaakum

So know, [O Muhammad], that there is no deity except Allah and ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and believing women. And Allah knows of your movement and your resting place.

پس جان رکھو کہ خدا کے سوا کوئی معبود نہیں اور اپنے گناہوں کی معافی مانگو اور (اور) مومن مردوں اور مومن عورتوں کے لئے بھی۔ اور خدا تم لوگوں کے چلنے پھرنے اور ٹھیرنے سے واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In this verse the address is to the Holy Prophet ﷺ and he is, through an imperative verb, commanded to know that there is no object of worship besides Allah. It is quite obvious that every Muslim has the knowledge of this - let alone the leader of the Holy Prophets ﷺ who should have its k...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Know then that there is no god except God that is to say adhere O Muhammad (s) to knowledge of this fact that will benefit you at the Resurrection and ask forgiveness for your sin — this was said to him despite his infallibility ‘isma so that his community might emulate him in this respect. Indeed h...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Description of the Situation of the Hypocrites and the Command to maintain Tawhid and seek Forgiveness Allah describes the hypocrites' stupidity and limited understanding. They used to sit before Allah's Messenger ﷺ and listen to his words without understanding anything. Then when they left from...

وَبِٱلْأَسْحَارِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

Wa bilashaari hum yastaghfiroon

And in the hours before dawn they would ask forgiveness,

اور اوقات سحر میں بخشش مانگا کرتے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Merits of Seeking Forgiveness in the hours before dawn وَبِالْأَسْحَارِ‌ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُ‌ونَ (and in the hours before dawn, they used to pray for forgiveness..., 51:18) The word ashar is the plural of sahar, and it refers to the latter sixth part of the night. This verse speaks of the significance...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and at dawns they used to seek forgiveness they used say ‘Our Lord! Forgive us’
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Qualities of Those Who have Taqwa and Their Reward Allah the Exalted informs about those who have Taqwa, that on the Day of their Return they will be amidst gardens and springs. To the contrary the miserable ones will be amidst torment, punishment, fire and chains. Allah said, ءَاخِذِينَ مَآ ءَاتَـه...

قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ فِىٓ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَٱلَّذِينَ مَعَهُۥٓ إِذْ قَالُوا۟ لِقَوْمِهِمْ إِنَّا بُرَءَٰٓؤُا۟ مِنكُمْ وَمِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ كَفَرْنَا بِكُمْ وَبَدَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ ٱلْعَدَٰوَةُ وَٱلْبَغْضَآءُ أَبَدًا حَتَّىٰ تُؤْمِنُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ وَحْدَهُۥٓ إِلَّا قَوْلَ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ وَمَآ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن شَىْءٍ رَّبَّنَا عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

Qad kaanat lakum uswatun basanatun feee Ibraaheema wallazeena ma'ahoo iz qaaloo liqawmihim innaa bura'aaa'u minkum wa mimmaa ta'budoona min doonil laahi kafarnaa bikum wa badaa bainanaa wa bainakumul 'adaawatu wal baghdaaa'u abadan hattaa tu'minoo billaahi wahdahooo illaa qawla Ibraheema li abeehi la astaghfiranna laka wa maaa amliku laka minal laahi min shai; rabbanaa 'alaika tawakkalnaa wa ilaika anabnaa wa ilaikal maseer

There has already been for you an excellent pattern in Abraham and those with him, when they said to their people, "Indeed, we are disassociated from you and from whatever you worship other than Allah. We have denied you, and there has appeared between us and you animosity and hatred forever until you believe in Allah alone" except for the saying of Abraham to his father, "I will surely ask forgiveness for you, but I have not [power to do] for you anything against Allah. Our Lord, upon You we have relied, and to You we have returned, and to You is the destination.

تمہیں ابراہیم اور ان کے رفقاء کی نیک چال چلنی (ضرور) ہے۔ جب انہوں نے اپنی قوم کے لوگوں سے کہا کہ ہم تم سے اور ان (بتوں) سے جن کو تم خدا کے سوا پوجتے ہو بےتعلق ہیں (اور) تمہارے (معبودوں کے کبھی) قائل نہیں (ہوسکتے) اور جب تک تم خدائے واحد اور ایمان نہ لاؤ ہم میں تم میں ہمیشہ کھلم کھلا عداوت اور دشمنی رہے گی۔ ہاں ابراہیمؑ نے اپنے باپ سے یہ (ضرور) کہا کہ میں آپ کے لئے مغفرت مانگوں گا اور خدا کے سامنے آپ کے بارے میں کسی چیز کا کچھ اختیار نہیں رکھتا۔ اے ہمارے پروردگار تجھ ہی پر ہمارا بھروسہ ہے اور تیری ہی طرف ہم رجوع کرتے ہیں اور تیرے ہی حضور میں (ہمیں) لوٹ کر آنا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ فِي إِبْرَ‌اهِيمَ ۔ ۔ ۔ حَتَّىٰ تُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّـهِ وَحْدَهُ (Indeed, there is an excellent example for you in Ibrahim and those with him, when they said to their people, "We disown you and what you worship instead of Allah. We disbelieve in you. Enmity and ha...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Verily there is for you a good example read iswa or uswa in both instances meaning qudwa in the person of Abraham in terms of his sayings and deeds and those who were with him of believers when they said to their people ‘We are indeed innocent of you bura’ā’ is the plural of barī’ similar in form to...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Good Example of Ibrahim and His Followers, when They disowned Their Disbelieving People Allah the Exalted says to His faithful servants, whom He commanded to disown the disbelievers, to be enemies with them, and to distant themselves and separate from them: قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ ...

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا۟ يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ لَوَّوْا۟ رُءُوسَهُمْ وَرَأَيْتَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ وَهُم مُّسْتَكْبِرُونَ

Wa izaa qeela lahum ta'aalaw yastaghfir lakum rasoolul laahi lawwaw ru'oo sahum wa ra aytahum yasuddoona wa hum mustakbiroon

And when it is said to them, "Come, the Messenger of Allah will ask forgiveness for you," they turn their heads aside and you see them evading while they are arrogant.

اور جب ان سے کہا جائے کہ آؤ رسول خدا تمہارے لئے مغفرت مانگیں تو سر ہلا دیتے ہیں اور تم ان کو دیکھو کہ تکبر کرتے ہوئے منہ پھیر لیتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Let us now study some specific sentences of the Surah: وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ‌ لَكُمْ رَ‌سُولُ اللَّـهِ (And when it is said to them, “ Come on, and Allah’ s Messenger will pray for your forgiveness”…63:5). When this Surah exposed the false oaths of ‘Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, the lea...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when it is said to them ‘Come offer apologies and God’s Messenger will ask forgiveness for you’ they twist read lawwaw or lawū they turn their heads and you see them turning away rejecting this offer disdainful.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Hypocrites are not interested to ask the prophet to ask Allah to forgive Them Allah the Exalted states about the hypocrites, may Allah curse them, وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْاْ يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوَّوْاْ رُءُوسَهُمْ (And when it is said to them: "Come, so that the Messenger of ...

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ تَوَّابًۢا

Fa sab bih bihamdi rabbika was taghfir, innahu kaana tawwaaba

Then exalt [Him] with praise of your Lord and ask forgiveness of Him. Indeed, He is ever Accepting of repentance.

تو اپنے پروردگار کی تعریف کے ساتھ تسبیح کرو اور اس سے مغفرت مانگو، بے شک وہ معاف کرنے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: When the approach of death is sensed, one needs to exert oneself immensely in Tasbih and Istighfar Verse [ 110:3] فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَ‌بِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ‌هُ (then pronounce the purity and praise of your Lord, and seek forgiveness from Him...) Sayyidah ` A'ishah Siddiqah ؓ says that after the reve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: then glorify with praise of your Lord that is continuously praising Him and seek forgiveness from Him; for verily He is ever ready to relent. The Prophet s after this sūra had been revealed would frequently repeat the words subhāna’Llāhi wa bi-hamdihi ‘Glory and praise be to God’ and astaghfiru’Llāh...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtues of Surat An-Nasr It has been mentioned previously that it (Surat An-Nasr) is equivalent to one-fourth of the Qur'an and that Surat Az-Zalzalah is equivalent to one-fourth of the Qur'an. An-Nasa'i recorded from `Ubaydullah bin `Abdullah bin `Utbah that Ibn `Abbas said to him, "O Ibn `Utba...

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ تَوَّابًۢا

Fa sab bih bihamdi rabbika was taghfir, innahu kaana tawwaaba

Then exalt [Him] with praise of your Lord and ask forgiveness of Him. Indeed, He is ever Accepting of repentance.

تو اپنے پروردگار کی تعریف کے ساتھ تسبیح کرو اور اس سے مغفرت مانگو، بے شک وہ معاف کرنے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: When the approach of death is sensed, one needs to exert oneself immensely in Tasbih and Istighfar Verse [ 110:3] فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَ‌بِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ‌هُ (then pronounce the purity and praise of your Lord, and seek forgiveness from Him...) Sayyidah ` A'ishah Siddiqah ؓ says that after the reve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: then glorify with praise of your Lord that is continuously praising Him and seek forgiveness from Him; for verily He is ever ready to relent. The Prophet s after this sūra had been revealed would frequently repeat the words subhāna’Llāhi wa bi-hamdihi ‘Glory and praise be to God’ and astaghfiru’Llāh...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtues of Surat An-Nasr It has been mentioned previously that it (Surat An-Nasr) is equivalent to one-fourth of the Qur'an and that Surat Az-Zalzalah is equivalent to one-fourth of the Qur'an. An-Nasa'i recorded from `Ubaydullah bin `Abdullah bin `Utbah that Ibn `Abbas said to him, "O Ibn `Utba...

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