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Morality / Ethics

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Morality / Ethics

أَخْلَاق

In Islam, *Akhlaq* (أَخْلَاق) represents the profound principles of morality and ethics that guide a believer's life, encompassing good conduct, justice, and righteousness. It's a cornerstone of faith, deeply woven into spiritual practice and social interaction. The Quran and the life example of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) continually emphasize the importance of cultivating noble character. Indeed, Allah Himself describes the Prophet as being [of a great moral character], setting the ultimate standard for humanity. *Akhlaq* extends beyond personal virtues like honesty, humility, and patience, to include social responsibilities. It calls upon Muslims to be upholders of justice and to actively engage in [enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong] within their communities. Even seemingly small acts of etiquette, like being [moderate in your pace and lowering your voice], are considered integral to *akhlaq*, reflecting an inner state of respect and balance. Ultimately, a Muslim's ethical conduct is a testament to their devotion and a vital path towards [success in the Hereafter].

Quran 2 verses

يَٰبُنَىَّ أَقِمِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأْمُرْ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَٱنْهَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَٱصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَصَابَكَ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ ٱلْأُمُورِ

Yaa bunaiya aqimis-Salaata waamur bilma'roofi wanha 'anil munkari wasbir 'alaa maaa asaabaka inna zaalika min 'azmil umoor

O my son, establish prayer, enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and be patient over what befalls you. Indeed, [all] that is of the matters [requiring] determination.

بیٹا نماز کی پابندی رکھنا اور (لوگوں کو) اچھے کاموں کے کرنے کا امر اور بری باتوں سے منع کرتے رہنا اور جو مصیبت تجھ پر واقع ہو اس پر صبر کرنا۔ بیشک یہ بڑی ہمت کے کام ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Third Bequest of Luqman (علیہ السلام) about the Correction of Deed There are many obligatory deeds, but the greatest and the most important of these is Salah - and not simply that it is important by itself, it also happens to be the master deed that becomes the catalyst changing other deeds towa...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O my son! Establish prayer and enjoin decency and forbid indecency. And be patient through whatever may befall you as a result of such enjoining and forbidding. Truly that which is mentioned is true constancy in other words that is one of those necessary things regarding which one must have firm res...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): This is useful advice which Allah tells us Luqman gave, so that people may follow it and take it as"See the full heading "This is useful advice which Allah tells us Luqman gave, so thatpeople may follow it and take it as a good example He said: يبُنَىَّ إِنَّهَآ إِن تَكُ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْ...

وَٱقْصِدْ فِى مَشْيِكَ وَٱغْضُضْ مِن صَوْتِكَ إِنَّ أَنكَرَ ٱلْأَصْوَٰتِ لَصَوْتُ ٱلْحَمِيرِ

Waqsid fee mashyika waghdud min sawtik; inna ankaral aswaati lasawtul hameer

And be moderate in your pace and lower your voice; indeed, the most disagreeable of sounds is the voice of donkeys."

اور اپنی چال میں اعتدال کئے رہنا اور (بولتے وقت) آواز نیچی رکھنا کیونکہ (اُونچی آواز گدھوں کی ہے اور کچھ شک نہیں کہ) سب آوازوں سے بُری آواز گدھوں کی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Verse 19 begins with the statement: وَاقْصِدْ فِي مَشْيِكَ (And be moderate in your walk). When done otherwise, in haste or helter-skelter, it goes against decorum and dignity. Says the Hadith: "Making too much haste in walking ruins the radiance of the believer (al-Jami' as-Saghir from Sayyidna Abu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And be modest in your bearing being moderate in it neither dragging slowly nor rushing but peaceful and dignified and lower your voice; indeed the most hideous of voices is the donkey’s voice’ beginning its hideous bray with an exhalation and ending with an inhalation.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): This is useful advice which Allah tells us Luqman gave, so that people may follow it and take it as"See the full heading "This is useful advice which Allah tells us Luqman gave, so thatpeople may follow it and take it as a good example He said: يبُنَىَّ إِنَّهَآ إِن تَكُ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْ...

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