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Testing / Trials

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Testing / Trials

الِابْتِلَاء

In Islamic tradition, the concept of *al-ibtilāʾ*, or divine testing and trials, is a fundamental understanding of life's challenges. It signifies the hardships and difficulties that believers encounter, not as punishment, but as a profound means for spiritual growth and purification. Allah, in His infinite wisdom, tests humanity to strengthen faith, refine character, and ultimately distinguish the sincere from those who waver. From the very beginning, humanity faced such trials; Adam and Hawa were tested with a specific command regarding [the forbidden tree], demonstrating that obedience is a cornerstone of faith. Throughout history, communities have been tested in various ways, such as the change of the prayer direction (Qiblah), which served to [make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would turn back on his heels]. Even severe suffering, like the torments inflicted upon the Children of Israel by Pharaoh, is described as [a great trial from your Lord]. These trials, whether they manifest as loss, fear, prosperity, or commands, are not arbitrary. They are designed to reveal the depth of one's submission to Allah, foster patience (*sabr*), and cultivate gratitude (*shukr*), drawing the believer closer to their Creator and ultimately paving the way for spiritual elevation and eternal reward.

Quran 14 verses

وَقُلْنَا يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ ٱسْكُنْ أَنتَ وَزَوْجُكَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنْهَا رَغَدًا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَٰذِهِ ٱلشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Wa qulnaa yaaa Aadamus kun anta wa zawjukal jannata wa kulaa minhaa raghadan haisu shi'tumaa wa laa taqabaa haazihish shajarata fatakoonaa minaz zaalimeen

And We said, "O Adam, dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will. But do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers."

اور ہم نے کہا کہ اے آدم تم اور تمہاری بیوی بہشت میں رہو اور جہاں سے چاہو بے روک ٹوک کھاؤ (پیو) لیکن اس درخت کے پاس نہ جانا نہیں تو ظالموں میں (داخل) ہو جاؤ گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: This is a continuation of the story of Adam (علیہ السلام) . When his superiority over the angels and his fitness for the role of vice regent had been announced to the angels and been acknowledged by them, and Iblis had been condemned as an infidel and expelled from Paradise on account of his pride a...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We said ‘Adam dwell anta ‘you’ of ‘dwell you’ here reiterates the concealed pronoun of the person of the verb uskun so that it wa-zawjuk may be made a supplement to it; and your wife Eve Hawwā’ — who was created from his left rib — in the Garden and eat thereof of its food easefully of anything ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Adam was honored again Allah honored Adam by commanding the angels to prostrate before him, so they all complied except for Iblis. Allah then allowed Adam to live and eat wherever and whatever he wished in Paradise. Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr bin Marduwyah reported Abu Dharr saying, "I said, `O Messenger of ...

وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَٰكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا لِّتَكُونُوا۟ شُهَدَآءَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ ٱلرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا وَمَا جَعَلْنَا ٱلْقِبْلَةَ ٱلَّتِى كُنتَ عَلَيْهَآ إِلَّا لِنَعْلَمَ مَن يَتَّبِعُ ٱلرَّسُولَ مِمَّن يَنقَلِبُ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ وَإِن كَانَتْ لَكَبِيرَةً إِلَّا عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ هَدَى ٱللَّهُ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَٰنَكُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِٱلنَّاسِ لَرَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ

Wa kazaalika ja'alnaakum ummatanw wasatal litakoonoo shuhadaaa'a 'alan naasi wa yakoonar Rasoolu 'alaikum shaheedaa; wa maa ja'alnal qiblatal latee kunta 'alaihaaa illaa lina'lama mai yattabi'ur Rasoola mimmai yanqalibu 'alaa 'aqibayh; wa in kaanat lakabeeratan illaa 'alal lazeena hadal laah; wa maa kaanal laahu liyudee'a eemaanakum; innal laaha binnaasi la Ra'oofur Raheem

And thus we have made you a just community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We did not make the qiblah which you used to face except that We might make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would turn back on his heels. And indeed, it is difficult except for those whom Allah has guided. And never would Allah have caused you to lose your faith. Indeed Allah is, to the people, Kind and Merciful.

اور اسی طرح ہم نے تم کو امتِ معتدل بنایا ہے، تاکہ تم لوگوں پر گواہ بنو اور پیغمبر (آخرالزماں) تم پر گواہ بنیں۔ اور جس قبلے پر تم (پہلے) تھے، اس کو ہم نے اس لیے مقرر کیا تھا کہ معلوم کریں، کون (ہمارے) پیغمبر کا تابع رہتا ہے، اور کون الٹے پاؤں پھر جاتا ہے۔ اور یہ بات (یعنی تحویل قبلہ لوگوں کو) گراں معلوم ہوئی، مگر جن کو خدا نے ہدایت بخشی (وہ اسے گراں نہیں سمجھتے) اور خدا ایسا نہیں کہ تمہارے ایمان کو یونہی کھو دے۔ خدا تو لوگوں پر بڑا مہربان (اور) صاحبِ رحمت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The verse qualifies the Islamic nation (Ummah) with the objective Wasat which signifies "moderate, middle or central", and is usually applied to a thing considered to be the best of its kind. According to a hadith reported by al-Tirmidhi from the blessed Companion Abu Said al-Khudri ؓ ، the word Was...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Thus in the same way that We guided you to it We appointed you O community of Muhammad (s) a midmost community excellent and upright that you might be witnesses to the people on the Day of Resurrection that their messengers delivered the Message to them; and that the Messenger might be a witness to ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Changing the Qiblah @ Direction of the Prayer Imam Al-Bukhari reported that Al-Bara' bin `Azib narrated: "Allah's Messenger ﷺ offered his prayers facing Bayt Al-Maqdis (Jerusalem) for sixteen or seventeen months, but he wished that he could pray facing the Ka`bah (at Makkah). The first prayer which ...

وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ ٱقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ أَوِ ٱخْرُجُوا۟ مِن دِيَٰرِكُم مَّا فَعَلُوهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ مِّنْهُمْ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ فَعَلُوا۟ مَا يُوعَظُونَ بِهِۦ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ تَثْبِيتًا

Wa law annaa katabnaa 'alaihim aniq tulooo anfusakum awikh rujoo min diyaarikum maa fa'aloohu illaa qaleelum minhum wa law annahum fa'aloo maa yoo'azoona bihee lakaana khairal lahum wa ashadda tasbeetaa

And if We had decreed upon them, "Kill yourselves" or "Leave your homes," they would not have done it, except for a few of them. But if they had done what they were instructed, it would have been better for them and a firmer position [for them in faith].

اور اگر ہم انہیں حکم دیتے کہ اپنے آپ کو قتل کر ڈالو یا اپنے گھر چھوڑ کر نکل جاؤ تو ان میں سے تھوڑے ہی ایسا کرتے اور اگر یہ اس نصیحت پر کاربند ہوتے جو ان کو کی جاتی ہے تو ان کے حق میں بہتر اور (دین میں) زیادہ ثابت قدمی کا موجب ہوتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The present verses and those appearing immediately earlier were revealed in the background of an incident relating to Bishr, the hypocrite. As we already know, he had first proposed Ka'b Ibn Ashraf, the Jew as the adjudicator of his dispute, but, later on, mutual discussions forced him to go to the ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And had We prescribed for them the particle an ‘that’ is explicative ‘Slay yourselves’ or ‘Leave your habitations’ as We did for the Children of Israel they would not have done it that is what has been prescribed for them save a few read nominative qalīlun as a substitution; or read accusative qalīl...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Most People Disobey What They Are Ordered Allah states that even if the people were commanded to commit what they were prohibited from doing, most of them would not submit to this command, for their wicked nature is such that they dispute orders. Allah has complete knowledge of what has not occured,...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَيَبْلُوَنَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِشَىْءٍ مِّنَ ٱلصَّيْدِ تَنَالُهُۥٓ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَرِمَاحُكُمْ لِيَعْلَمَ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَخَافُهُۥ بِٱلْغَيْبِ فَمَنِ ٱعْتَدَىٰ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَهُۥ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo la yabluwannnakumul laahu bishai'im minas saidi tanaaluhooo aideekum wa rimaahukum liya'lamal laahu mai yakhaafuhoo bilghaib; famani' tadaa ba'da zaalika falahoo 'azaabun aleem

O you who have believed, Allah will surely test you through something of the game that your hands and spears [can] reach, that Allah may make evident those who fear Him unseen. And whoever transgresses after that - for him is a painful punishment.

مومنو! کسی قدر شکار سے جن کو تم ہاتھوں اور نیزوں سے پکڑ سکو خدا تمہاری آزمائش کرے گا (یعنی حالت احرام میں شکار کی ممانعت سے) تا کہ معلوم کرے کہ اس سے غائبانہ کون ڈرتا ہے تو جو اس کے بعد زیادتی کرے اس کے لیے دکھ دینے والا عذاب (تیار) ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence of Verses A report from Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ appearing in the Musnad of Ahmad, quoted in Al-Lubab, says: When the Verse forbidding drinking and gambling had been revealed, some people asked the Holy Prophet ﷺ that there were many people who drank wine and lived off earnings from gambling...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe God will surely try you He will surely test you with some game which He releases to you the smaller of which will be caught by your hands and the larger of which by your lances this was in the plain of al-Hudaybiyya; while they were in the state of pilgrimage inviolability beasts a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibiting Hunting Game in the Sacred Area and During the State of Ihram Ali bin Abi Talhah Al-Walibi said that Ibn `Abbas said that Allah's statement, لَيَبْلُوَنَّكُمُ اللَّهُ بِشَىْءٍ مِّنَ الصَّيْدِ تَنَالُهُ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَرِمَـحُكُمْ (Allah will certainly make a trial for you with something in...

وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ ٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ أَنجَىٰكُم مِّنْ ءَالِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوٓءَ ٱلْعَذَابِ وَيُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْنَآءَكُمْ وَيَسْتَحْيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمْ وَفِى ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ

Wa iz qaala Moosaa liqawmihiz kuroo ni'matal laahi 'alaikum iz anjaakum min Aali Fir'awna yasoomoo nakum sooo'al 'azaabi wa yuzabbihoona abnaaa'akum wa yastahyoona nisaaa'akum; wa fee zaalikum balaaa'um mir Rabbikum 'azeem

And [recall, O Children of Israel], when Moses said to His people, "Remember the favor of Allah upon you when He saved you from the people of Pharaoh, who were afflicting you with the worst torment and were slaughtering your [newborn] sons and keeping your females alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.

اور جب موسیٰ نے اپنی قوم سے کہا کہ خدا نے جو تم پر مہربانیاں کی ہیں ان کو یاد کرو جب کہ تم کو فرعون کی قوم (کے ہاتھ) سے مخلصی دی وہ لوگ تمہیں بُرے عذاب دیتے تھے اور تمہارے بیٹوں کو مار ڈالتے تھے اور عورت ذات یعنی تمہاری لڑکیوں کو زندہ رہنے دیتے تھے اور اس میں تمہارے پروردگار کی طرف سے بڑی (سخت) آزمائش تھی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: . Please see footnote on the first verse of this Surah. . The 'Days of Allah' here refers to the events of the past when Allah had graced some people with His favours and subjected some others to His punishment. ommentary The first verse cited above (5) mentions that Allah Ta’ ala sent Sayyidna Musa...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And mention when Moses said to his people ‘Remember God’s grace to you when He delivered you from the folk of Pharaoh who were inflicting upon you a dreadful chastisement and were slaughtering your sons the new-born and sparing keeping alive your women — this was because some of the priests of Egypt...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah states that Musa reminded his people about Allah's annals anddays and of Allah's favors and bounties that He bestowed on them,when He saved them from Fir` awn and his people and the tormentand disgrace they used to exert on them. They used to slaughter whomever they could find among their sons...

وَلَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّتِى نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا مِنۢ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنكَٰثًا تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمَٰنَكُمْ دَخَلًۢا بَيْنَكُمْ أَن تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِىَ أَرْبَىٰ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ إِنَّمَا يَبْلُوكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦ وَلَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ مَا كُنتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ

Wa laa takoonoo kallatee naqadat ghazlahaa mim ba'di quwwatin ankaasaa; tattakhizoona aimaanakum dakhlalam bainakum an takoona ummatun hiya arbaa min ummah; innnamaa yablookumul laahu bih; wa la yubaiyinanna lakum yawmal Qiyaamati maa kuntum fee takhtalifoon

And do not be like she who untwisted her spun thread after it was strong [by] taking your oaths as [means of] deceit between you because one community is more plentiful [in number or wealth] than another community. Allah only tries you thereby. And He will surely make clear to you on the Day of Resurrection that over which you used to differ.

اور اُس عورت کی طرح نہ ہونا جس نے محنت سے تو سوت کاتا۔ پھر اس کو توڑ کر ٹکڑے ٹکڑے کر ڈالا۔ کہ تم اپنی قسموں کو آپس میں اس بات کا ذریعہ بنانے لگو کہ ایک گروہ دوسرے گروہ سے زیادہ غالب رہے۔ بات یہ ہے کہ خدا تمہیں اس سے آزماتا ہے۔ اور جن باتوں میں تم اختلاف کرتے ہو قیامت کو اس کی حقیقت تم پر ظاہر کر دے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 92: أَن تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِيَ أَرْ‌بَىٰ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ (merely because a group is higher [ in number and wealth ] than the other), Muslims have been ordered that they should not break the pact they enter into with a group simply for the sake of worldly interests and gains. For example, they ma...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And do not be like her who undoes spoils her yarn that which she has spun after having made it strong having set and spun it breaking it up into fibres ankāthan is a circumstantial qualifier ankāth is the plural of nikth and means that which is undone yunkathu — this was an imbecile Meccan woman who...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to fulfill the Covenant This is one of the commands of Allah, to fulfill covenants, keep promises and to fulfill oaths after confirming them. Thus Allah says: وَلاَ تَنقُضُواْ الاٌّيْمَـنَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِهَا (and do not break the oaths after you have confirmed them) There is no conflict...

إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَٰتٍ وَإِن كُنَّا لَمُبْتَلِينَ

Inna fee zaalika la Aayaatinw wa in kunnaa lamubtaleen

Indeed in that are signs, and indeed, We are ever testing [Our servants].

بےشک اس (قصے) میں نشانیاں ہیں اور ہمیں تو آزمائش کرنی تھی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَفَارَ‌ التَّنُّورُ‌ (And the oven gushes forth - 23:27). The word تَّنُّور‌ means oven which is used for making flat, round bread, and is also used in the sense of the whole earth. According to some people تَّنُّور‌ is a specific oven in the Kufah mosque, while others believe that it was somewhere...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Surely in that mentioned matter of Noah the ship and the destruction of the disbelievers there are signs indicators of God’s power exalted be He and indeed wa-in in has been softened in place of the hardened form its subject being the pronoun of the matter We were putting to the test indeed We were ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah tells us that Nuh, peace be upon him, invoked his Lord to help him against his people, as Allah mentions in another Ayah: فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنُّى مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ (Then he invoked his Lord (saying): "I have been overcome, so help (me)!") 54:10. Here he says: رَبِّ انصُرْنِى بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ...

نُسَارِعُ لَهُمْ فِى ٱلْخَيْرَٰتِ بَل لَّا يَشْعُرُونَ

Nusaari'u lahum fil khairaat; bal laa yash'uroon

Is [because] We hasten for them good things? Rather, they do not perceive.

تو (اس سے) ان کی بھلائی میں جلدی کر رہے ہیں (نہیں) بلکہ یہ سمجھتے ہی نہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُم بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُرًا But they split up ways from one another (dividing themselves) into factions - 23:53). The word زُبُر is the plural of زُبُور meaning a book, and the verse would mean that Allah had commanded all prophets and their followers to adhere to the one and only fai...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: We are hastening to provide them with good things? No. Rather they are not aware that this is a way of gradually drawing them into their punishment.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to eat Lawful Food and to do Righteous Deeds Allah commands His servants and Messengers, peace be upon them all, to eat lawful food and do righteous deeds, which indicates that eating what is lawful helps one to do righteous deeds. The Prophets, peace be upon them, did this in the most p...

قَالَ ٱلَّذِى عِندَهُۥ عِلْمٌ مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ أَنَا۠ ءَاتِيكَ بِهِۦ قَبْلَ أَن يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ فَلَمَّا رَءَاهُ مُسْتَقِرًّا عِندَهُۥ قَالَ هَٰذَا مِن فَضْلِ رَبِّى لِيَبْلُوَنِىٓ ءَأَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ وَمَن شَكَرَ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِۦ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّى غَنِىٌّ كَرِيمٌ

Qaalal lazee indahoo 'ilmum minal Kitaabi ana aateeka bihee qabla ai yartadda ilaika tarfuk; falammaa ra aahu mustaqirran 'indahoo qaala haazaa min fadli Rabbee li yabluwaneee 'a-ashkuru am akfuru wa man shakara fa innamaa yashkuru linafsihee wa man kafara fa inna Rabbee Ghaniyyun Kareem

Said one who had knowledge from the Scripture, "I will bring it to you before your glance returns to you." And when [Solomon] saw it placed before him, he said, "This is from the favor of my Lord to test me whether I will be grateful or ungrateful. And whoever is grateful - his gratitude is only for [the benefit of] himself. And whoever is ungrateful - then indeed, my Lord is Free of need and Generous."

ایک شخص جس کو کتاب الہیٰ کا علم تھا کہنے لگا کہ میں آپ کی آنکھ کے جھپکنے سے پہلے پہلے اسے آپ کے پاس حاضر کئے دیتا ہوں۔ جب سلیمان نے تخت کو اپنے پاس رکھا ہوا دیکھا تو کہا کہ یہ میرے پروردگار کا فضل ہے تاکہ مجھے آزمائے کہ میں شکر کرتا ہوں یا کفران نعمت کرتا ہوں اور جو شکر کرتا ہے تو اپنے ہی فائدے کے لئے شکر کرتا ہے اور جو ناشکری کرتا ہے تو میرا پروردگار بےپروا (اور) کرم کرنے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ الَّذِي عِندَهُ عِلْمٌ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ (Said the one who had the knowledge of the book - 27:40). The question is as to who was this person? One possibility is that he was Sulaiman (علیہ السلام) himself, because his knowledge of the book of Allah was most extensive. In that case this incident ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The one who had knowledge of the revealed Scripture — and this was one Āsif b. Barkhiyā a righteous individual with knowledge of God’s Greatest Name which when invoked in supplication for something it is immediately granted — said ‘I will bring it to you before your glance returns to you after you l...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How the Throne of Bilqis was brought in an Instant Muhammad bin Ishaq reported from Yazid bin Ruman: "When the messengers returned with word of what Sulayman said, she said: `By Allah, I knew he was more than a king, and that we have no power to match him, and that we can gain nothing by being stubb...

قَالَ نَكِّرُوا۟ لَهَا عَرْشَهَا نَنظُرْ أَتَهْتَدِىٓ أَمْ تَكُونُ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَهْتَدُونَ

Qaala nakkiroo lahaa 'arshahaa nanzur atahtadeee am takoonu minal lazeena laa yahtadoon

He said, "Disguise for her her throne; we will see whether she will be guided [to truth] or will be of those who is not guided."

سلیمان نے کہا کہ ملکہ کے (امتحان عقل کے) لئے اس کے تخت کی صورت بدل دو۔ دیکھیں کہ وہ سوجھ رکھتی ہے یا ان لوگوں میں ہے جو سوجھ نہیں رکھتے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ الَّذِي عِندَهُ عِلْمٌ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ (Said the one who had the knowledge of the book - 27:40). The question is as to who was this person? One possibility is that he was Sulaiman (علیہ السلام) himself, because his knowledge of the book of Allah was most extensive. In that case this incident ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘Disguise her throne for her — in other words transform it such that when she sees it it will be in an unrecognisable form — that we may see whether she will be guided to recognising it or be of those who cannot be guided’ to recognise when things are transformed around them. He Solomon soug...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Test of Bilqis When Sulayman brought the throne of Bilqis before she and her people arrived, he issued orders that some of its features should be altered, so that he could test her and see whether she recognized it and how composed she would be when she saw it. Would she hasten to say either tha...

قَالُوا۟ ٱطَّيَّرْنَا بِكَ وَبِمَن مَّعَكَ قَالَ طَٰٓئِرُكُمْ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ تُفْتَنُونَ

Qaalut taiyarnaa bika wa bimam ma'ak; qaala taaa'irukum 'indal laahi bal antum qawmun tuftanoon

They said, "We consider you a bad omen, you and those with you." He said, "Your omen is with Allah. Rather, you are a people being tested."

وہ کہنے لگے کہ تم اور تمہارے ساتھی ہمارے لئے شگون بد ہے۔ صالح نے کہا کہ تمہاری بدشگونی خدا کی طرف سے ہے بلکہ تم ایسے لوگ ہو جن کی آزمائش کی جاتی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary لِمَ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ (why do you seek evil to come sooner before good? - 27:46). Sayyidna Salih (علیہ السلام) is referring here to the demand of the infidels that he should bring the divine torment to them in this world, so that they may know his truthful...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They said ‘We augur evil ittayyarnā is actually tatayyarnā but the tā’ has been assimilated with the tā’ and a conjunctive hamza added of you and of those who are with you’ namely the believers — when they the tribe of Thamūd were deprived of rain and suffered hunger. He said ‘Your evil augury is wi...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Salih and Thamud Allah tells us about Thamud and how they responded to their Prophet Salih, when Allah sent him to call them to worship Allah alone, with no partner or associate. فَإِذَا هُمْ فَرِيقَانِ يَخْتَصِمُونَ (Then look! They became two parties quarreling with each other.) Mujahid said, "The...

فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فَضَرْبَ ٱلرِّقَابِ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَثْخَنتُمُوهُمْ فَشُدُّوا۟ ٱلْوَثَاقَ فَإِمَّا مَنًّۢا بَعْدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَآءً حَتَّىٰ تَضَعَ ٱلْحَرْبُ أَوْزَارَهَا ذَٰلِكَ وَلَوْ يَشَآءُ ٱللَّهُ لَٱنتَصَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَبْلُوَا۟ بَعْضَكُم بِبَعْضٍ وَٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَلَن يُضِلَّ أَعْمَٰلَهُمْ

Fa-izaa laqeetumul lazeena kafaroo fadarbar riqaab, hattaaa izaa askhan tumoohum fashuddul wasaaq, fa immaa mannnam ba'du wa immaa fidaaa'an hattaa tada'al harbu awzaarahaa; zaalika wa law yashaaa'ul laahu lantasara minhum wa laakil laiyabluwa ba'dakum biba'd; wallazeena qutiloo fee sabeelil laahi falany yudilla a'maalahum

So when you meet those who disbelieve [in battle], strike [their] necks until, when you have inflicted slaughter upon them, then secure their bonds, and either [confer] favor afterwards or ransom [them] until the war lays down its burdens. That [is the command]. And if Allah had willed, He could have taken vengeance upon them [Himself], but [He ordered armed struggle] to test some of you by means of others. And those who are killed in the cause of Allah - never will He waste their deeds.

جب تم کافروں سے بھڑ جاؤ تو ان کی گردنیں اُڑا دو۔ یہاں تک کہ جب ان کو خوب قتل کرچکو تو (جو زندہ پکڑے جائیں ان کو) مضبوطی سے قید کرلو۔ پھر اس کے بعد یا تو احسان رکھ کر چھوڑ دینا چاہیئے یا کچھ مال لے کر یہاں تک کہ (فریق مقابل) لڑائی (کے) ہتھیار (ہاتھ سے) رکھ دے۔ (یہ حکم یاد رکھو) اور اگر خدا چاہتا تو (اور طرح) ان سے انتقام لے لیتا۔ لیکن اس نے چاہا کہ تمہاری آزمائش ایک (کو) دوسرے سے (لڑوا کر) کرے۔ اور جو لوگ خدا کی راہ میں مارے گئے ان کے عملوں کو ہرگز ضائع نہ کرے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary This verse lays down two points of law: first, it lays down that when war breaks the might and power of the enemy, and does away with their pomp and glory, they should be arrested rather than being killed. The Muslims are then given two options regarding the prisoners of war - either conf...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So when you encounter in battle those who disbelieve then attack them with a striking of the necks fa-darba’l-riqābi is a verbal noun in place of the full verbal construction that is to say fa’dribū riqābahum ‘then strike their necks’ in other words slay them — reference is made to the ‘striking of ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to strike the Enemies' Necks, tighten Their Bonds, and then free Them either by an Act of Grace or for a Ransom Guiding the believers to what they should employ in their fights against the idolators, Allah says, فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَضَرْبَ الرِّقَابِ (So, when you meet...

وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ حَتَّىٰ نَعْلَمَ ٱلْمُجَٰهِدِينَ مِنكُمْ وَٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ وَنَبْلُوَا۟ أَخْبَارَكُمْ

Wa lanabluwannakum hattaa na'lamal mujaahideena minkum wassaabireena wa nabluwa akhbaarakum

And We will surely test you until We make evident those who strive among you [for the cause of Allah] and the patient, and We will test your affairs.

اور ہم تو لوگوں کو آزمائیں گے تاکہ جو تم میں لڑائی کرنے والے اور ثابت قدم رہنے والے ہیں ان کو معلوم کریں۔ اور تمہارے حالات جانچ لیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: حَتَّىٰ نَعْلَمَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ مِنكُمْ (...until We know those of you who carry out Jihad,... - 47:31) Allah's knowledge of every person’ s works and deeds is all-encompassing and eternal. It may be noted here that knowledge is of two kinds: [ i ] a priori knowledge or fore-knowledge, knowledge ab...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We will assuredly try you We will assuredly test you by way of commanding you to participate in the struggle and in other ways until We know with knowledge outwardly manifested those of you who struggle for God’s cause and those who are steadfast in adhering to the struggle and in other ways and...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Exposing the Hidden Secret of the Hypocrites Allah says ... أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَّرَضٌ أَن لَّن يُخْرِجَ اللَّهُ أَضْغَـنَهُمْ (Or do those in whose hearts is disease think that Allah would never expose their ill--wills) meaning, do the hypocrites think that Allah will not expose ...

وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَٰٓئِكَةً وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَيَزْدَادَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِيمَٰنًا وَلَا يَرْتَابَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَلِيَقُولَ ٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ وَٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَمَا هِىَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَىٰ لِلْبَشَرِ

Wa maaja''alnaaa As haaban naari illaa malaaa 'ikatanw wa maa ja'alnaa 'iddatahum illaa fitnatal lillazeena kafaroo liyastayqinal lazeena ootul kitaaba wa yazdaadal lazeena aamanooo eemaananw wa laa yartaabal lazeena ootul kitaaba walmu'minoona wa liyaqoolal lazeena fee quloo bihim maradunw walkaafiroona maazaaa araadal laahu bihaazaa masalaa; kazaalika yudillul laahu many yashaaa'u wa yahdee many yashaaa'; wa maa ya'lamu junooda rabbika illaa hoo; wa maa hiya illaa zikraa lil bashar

And We have not made the keepers of the Fire except angels. And We have not made their number except as a trial for those who disbelieve - that those who were given the Scripture will be convinced and those who have believed will increase in faith and those who were given the Scripture and the believers will not doubt and that those in whose hearts is hypocrisy and the disbelievers will say, "What does Allah intend by this as an example?" Thus does Allah leave astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. And none knows the soldiers of your Lord except Him. And mention of the Fire is not but a reminder to humanity.

اور ہم نے دوزخ کے داروغہ فرشتے بنائے ہیں۔ اور ان کا شمار کافروں کی آزمائش کے لئے مقرر کیا ہے (اور) اس لئے کہ اہل کتاب یقین کریں اور مومنوں کا ایمان اور زیادہ ہو اور اہل کتاب اور مومن شک نہ لائیں۔ اور اس لئے کہ جن لوگوں کے دلوں میں (نفاق کا) مرض ہے اور (جو) کافر (ہیں) کہیں کہ اس مثال (کے بیان کرنے) سے خدا کا مقصد کیا ہے؟ اسی طرح خدا جس کو چاہتا ہے گمراہ کرتا ہے اور جس کو چاہتا ہے ہدایت کرتا ہے اور تمہارے پروردگار کے لشکروں کو اس کے سوا کوئی نہیں جانتا۔ اور یہ تو بنی آدم کے لئے نصیحت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُوْدَ رَبِّكَ اِلَّا هُو (...And no one knows the hosts of your Lord but He 74:31) Muqatil, among the leading authorities, says that this is rebuttal to Abu Jahl's statement. When he heard this verse which says that there are nineteen angels in charge of Hell, he addressed the yout...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We have appointed only angels as wardens of the Fire in other words and so they cannot be withstood as these disbelievers are wont to imagine; and We have made their number so only as a stumbling-block a cause for error for those who disbelieve when they then say ‘Why are there nineteen of them?...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Number of Guardians of Hell and what the Disbelievers said about that Allah says, وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَـبَ النَّارِ (And We have set none as (Ashab) guardians of the Fire) meaning, its guardians. إِلاَّ مَلَـئِكَةً (but angels.) Guardian angels, stern and severe. This is a refutation of the ido...

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