theme

Gratitude

شُكْر

Gratitude (شُكْر, Shukr) in Islam is a profound and active state of thankfulness to Allah, an essential pillar of faith and a cornerstone of a believer's relationship with their Creator. It’s more than a fleeting emotion; it's a deep acknowledgment of Allah's countless blessings and favors, both visible and hidden, across all aspects of life. The Quran repeatedly calls believers to this virtue, reminding us to [be grateful to Me and do not deny Me]. This thankfulness extends to every provision, urging us to [eat from the good things which We have provided for you and be grateful to Allah if it is [indeed] Him that you worship]. Shukr transforms one's perspective, fostering contentment, patience, and a deeper connection to the Divine. It's a recognition that all goodness stems from Allah, and it is through gratitude that blessings are preserved and increased. When believers respond with gratitude, especially in the face of guidance and ease, Allah intends for them to truly appreciate His wisdom, as seen in the hope that [perhaps you will be grateful] after completing the fast of Ramadan. A heart filled with gratitude remains steadfast in faith, recognizing Allah's constant benevolence, even amidst challenges, thereby strengthening one's spiritual resilience and devotion.

Gratitude, known as Shukr (شُكْر) in Islam, is a fundamental virtue that transcends mere emotion, embodying an active and conscious recognition of Allah's boundless favors. It forms an integral part of a believer's relationship with the Creator, shaping one's perspective, fostering contentment, and deepening spiritual connection. The Quran repeatedly emphasizes the importance of Shukr, calling upon believers to and to Him that you worship]. This article delves into the Quranic foundations, prophetic teachings, and scholarly interpretations of gratitude, highlighting its significance in both individual spiritual development and communal well-being.

Foundations in Revelation: Allah's Blessings and the Call to Gratitude

The Quran frequently links gratitude directly to Allah's continuous bestowal of blessings. From the very act of creation to the provision of daily sustenance, the verses remind humanity of their constant reliance on divine grace. Allah asks, How can you disbelieve in Allah when you were dead and He gave you life?, emphasizing that existence itself is a profound favor. Ibn Kathir explains that this refers to being brought from a state of non-existence to life, a testament to Allah's absolute authority as Creator and Sustainer. The verses enumerate various blessings, including the provision of wholesome food: Him that you worship]. This highlights that even mundane acts like eating become acts of worship when imbued with gratitude, especially when consuming what is lawful (halal).

The divine intention behind many commandments is often framed with the hope that humanity will be grateful. For example, after detailing the concessions for fasting during Ramadan, Allah states, for you to complete the period and to glorify Allah for that to which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful]. Similarly, the intricate rules for ablution (wudu) are presented with the aim that Allah may "complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful". These instances underscore that Allah's commands are not meant to burden, but to facilitate purity, guidance, and ultimately, a state of thankfulness.

Gratitude is also presented as a means of increasing blessings. The Quran states, ; but if you deny, indeed, My punishment is severe]. This verse, as explained by commentators, establishes a direct correlation between gratitude and the augmentation of divine favors, while ingratitude invites severe consequences. The very purpose of some divine actions is to elicit gratitude, such as when Allah rescued the Children of Israel from their enemies and provided them with manna and quails, so that you might be grateful. However, their subsequent rebellion and discontent, preferring inferior foods, demonstrated profound ingratitude, leading to humiliation and divine wrath. This historical account serves as a powerful cautionary tale against the denial of blessings and highlights how collective ingratitude can lead to severe repercussions.

Prophetic Guidance and the Essence of Shukr

The life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ provide profound examples of gratitude. He exemplified a deep sense of thankfulness to Allah in every aspect of his life, from the profound to the seemingly simple. The hadith literature reinforces the Quranic emphasis on gratitude, illustrating its active nature. For instance, the Prophet's supplication "O Allah! Make our end better in all affairs, and save us from disgrace in this life and the torment of the Hereafter" (Ahmad, from Busr bin Artah) reflects a comprehensive gratitude that encompasses both worldly and otherworldly well-being, while simultaneously seeking protection from its antithesis, disgrace.

The Prophet's interactions with his Companions further illuminate the concept of Shukr. When asked about the day of Ashura, the Prophet explained that it was a day when Allah saved Musa (Moses) and his people, and Musa fasted it [as a sign of gratitude to Allah]. The Prophet then affirmed, "I am closer to Moses than they," and ordered Muslims to fast on it, thereby establishing a prophetic precedent for expressing gratitude through specific acts of worship. This demonstrates that gratitude is not only an internal state but also manifests through concrete religious practices.

The profound impact of gratitude on a believer's spiritual state is also highlighted in prophetic narrations. The Prophet taught that "cleanliness is half of faith and al-Hamdu Lillah (all praise and gratitude is for Allah alone) fills the scale" . This indicates that expressing gratitude through verbal praise carries immense spiritual weight and contributes significantly to one's balance of good deeds on the Day of Judgment. Conversely, the Prophet warned against "ungratefulness" or "disbelief" as a severe affliction. In a poignant exchange with Abu Sufyan, Heraclius noted that the Prophet's followers were increasing and, crucially, that "nobody amongst those who embrace his (the Prophet's) Religion become displeased and then discard his Religion" . Heraclius understood this steadfastness as a sign of true faith, a reflection of the contentment and gratitude that faith instills in the heart.

Dimensions of Gratitude: A Comprehensive Virtue

Gratitude in Islam encompasses various dimensions, affecting a believer's worldview, actions, and relationship with Allah and creation.

### Gratitude as an Active Acknowledgment Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains that Dhikr (remembrance) is essentially of the heart, but its oral manifestation is also Dhikr when accompanied by the heart's awareness. In this context, to means that when humans obey Allah's commands, He remembers them by granting pardon and rewards. Sa'id ibn Jubayr interpreted this remembrance as obedience and submission to Allah, stating that "He who has not obeyed Him has not remembered Him, even though he has kept himself externally busy in offering (nafl: supererogatory) prayers and reciting His praises." This underscores that true gratitude is not merely verbal but is proven through active submission and obedience to divine will.

### Gratitude for Divine Guidance and Provision The Quran repeatedly reminds humanity of Allah's favor in providing guidance. For instance, after completing the fast of Ramadan, believers are asked to "glorify Allah for that to which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful". This gratitude for guidance is critical, as true faith is itself a blessing. Allah states, , linking sincere gratitude to recompense in the Hereafter. The story of the Children of Israel being forgiven after their worship of the calf was so , implying that forgiveness itself is a favor demanding gratitude.

Beyond spiritual guidance, Allah provides abundantly from His creation for human sustenance. The verses repeatedly highlight the Earth's provisions, such as fresh water and palatable drinking, the sea with its tender meat and ornaments, and cattle as symbols of Allah providing good for humanity. The rhetorical question, , iterated multiple times in Surah Ar-Rahman, serves as a powerful reminder for constant reflection upon and acknowledgment of these countless blessings.

### The Contrast of Ingratitude (Kufr) The opposite of Shukr is Kufr, which lexically means to hide or conceal, and in Islamic terminology, signifies denial or ingratitude. Ma'arif-ul-Quran explains that ingratitude is called kufr because "it involves the concealing or the covering up of the beneficence shown by someone." This concept is seen in the Quran where those who disbelieve are warned: . The term Kufr extends beyond merely rejecting Allah; it encompasses ingratitude for His blessings. The Children of Israel's preference for common vegetables over the miraculous manna and quails was an act of ingratitude that led to their abasement and wrath from Allah. This demonstrates that ingratitude for physical sustenance can lead to spiritual and worldly degradation.

Ibn Kathir clarifies that disbelief and disobedience are intertwined: "The hypocrites commit mischief on earth by disobeying their Lord on it and continuing in the prohibited acts. They also abandon what Allah made obligatory and doubt His religion, even though He does not accept a deed from anyone except with faith in His religion and certainty of its truth" (Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 2:11). This highlights that persistent ingratitude is a form of spiritual sickness that hardens the heart, as described in the verse: Then your hearts became hardened after that and are like stones or even yet harder.

Scholarly Interpretations and Practical Manifestations

Scholarly commentaries on the Quran and Hadith elaborate on the practical implications of gratitude in a Muslim's life.

### Gratitude as a Catalyst for Righteousness Ma'arif-ul-Quran connects eating halal food to spiritual well-being: "eating haram promotes evil instincts, kills the taste of `ibadah and makes the prayers ineffective. In contrast, eating halal generates inner light, creates a distaste for evil deeds, leads towards high morals, and creates a state in which the heart welcomes `ibadah and finds the very thought of sin sickening and of course, prayers are answered" (Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran, 2:172). This highlights that genuine gratitude for lawful provisions naturally leads to righteous actions and deeper devotion.

The Quran mentions that Allah will reward those who are grateful. Ibn Kathir explains that this refers to those who obey Allah, defend His religion, and follow His Messenger, whether he is alive or dead. This understanding transforms gratitude into a dynamic force for steadfastness in faith and good deeds.

### The Role of Patience (Sabr) and Prayer (Salah) Gratitude is often coupled with patience, particularly in times of adversity. Allah advises, Seek help through patience and prayer. Ma'arif-ul-Quran defines Sabr as having three connotations: patiently bearing pain, restraining from sin, and being steadfast in obeying Allah. These qualities are presented as remedies for worldly attachments like the love of money and power. When faced with the temporary setbacks or challenges, the faithful are reminded that gratitude should persist. The verse underscores the intertwined nature of these two virtues, crucial for navigating the trials of life.

### Avoiding Ostentation and Concealment Genuine gratitude is characterized by sincerity and absence of ostentation. Allah condemns those who rejoice in what they have done, and love to be praised for what they have not done. This is explicitly linked to the behavior of hypocrites among the People of the Book who hid divine knowledge and sought worldly praise (Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 3:189). True gratitude, according to scholars, means acting solely for Allah's pleasure, without seeking human accolades. Ma'arif-ul-Quran defines a sincere person as "one who acts for Allah alone and does not like that people praise him for it" (Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran, 4:147). This concept of sincerity is vital for all acts of worship and gratitude.

Legal Dimensions of Gratitude in Fiqh

While gratitude is primarily a spiritual and ethical concept, its implications extend to Islamic law (fiqh) as well.

### Fulfilling Covenants and Rights A core legal dimension of gratitude is the fulfillment of covenants and the upholding of rights. Allah commands, And fulfill (your obligations to) My covenant (with you) so that I fulfill (My obligations to) your covenant (with Me). Ibn Kathir explains that this covenant includes believing in Muhammad ﷺ and adhering to Islam. Fulfilling this foundational covenant is an act of gratitude for divine guidance. Furthermore, gratitude requires fulfilling the rights of others, particularly those under one's care. The Quran emphasizes kindness to parents, relatives, orphans, the needy, neighbors, companions, and even those whom one owns. Ma'arif-ul-Quran states that neglecting the rights of others stems from a lack of fear of Allah and a deficient understanding of Tawhid. The emphasis on fulfilling these rights, even to the lowest degree of not causing pain or discomfort, is a practical manifestation of gratitude for one's own blessings and a recognition of the interconnectedness of human society.

### Caution Against Unnecessary Questions and Innovations The story of the Children of Israel's stubborn questioning about the cow to be sacrificed illustrates how excessive inquiry can turn a simple act of obedience into a burdensome one. Ma'arif-ul-Quran notes that if they had obeyed without unnecessary questions, "such strict condition would not have been imposed on them, and the sacrifice of any cow whatsoever would have been accepted" (Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran, 2:71). This narrative serves as a reminder to accept divine commands with readiness and gratitude, without seeking undue complexities.

Similarly, the prohibition of altering prescribed religious practices, such as changing the words of supplication, is related to gratitude for divine revelation. The Israelites were punished for changing the word "Hittah" (repentance) to "Habbah" (grain) in mockery. Ma'arif-ul-Quran clarifies that changing the words of the Quran, Hadith, or divine commandments is impermissible, as it distorts their intended meaning and negates the specific blessings associated with them. This adherence to the revealed text is a form of gratitude for the perfection of the faith.

### The Ease and Mercy of Shariah The Islamic Shariah, far from being a source of hardship, is designed for ease, enabling gratitude. Allah explicitly states, Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you. This principle underpins many legal concessions, such as those related to fasting for the sick and travelers, and the allowance of tayammum (dry ablution) when water is unavailable (4:43, 5:6). Ma'arif-ul-Quran notes that the gradual prohibition of alcohol, rather than an immediate ban, also reflects this divine mercy, recognizing human weakness and allowing for a gradual transition to obedience (Tafsir Ma'arif-ul-Quran, 4:43). These concessions are themselves a cause for gratitude, demonstrating Allah's compassion for His creation.

Gratitude (Shukr) in Islam is a comprehensive and multifaceted virtue, deeply embedded in the Quran and elaborated upon in the Sunnah. It encompasses recognizing and acknowledging Allah's innumerable blessings, from existence and guidance to daily sustenance. This recognition is not passive but translates into active obedience, sincerity in worship, fulfillment of rights, and steadfastness in trials. Ingratitude, conversely, is a form of spiritual blindness that draws divine wrath. Ultimately, gratitude transforms the believer’s journey, paving the way for divine increase and eternal felicity.

Quran — 73 verses

ثُمَّ عَفَوْنَا عَنكُم مِّنۢ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Summa 'afawnaa 'ankum mim ba'di zaalika la'allakum tashkuroon

Then We forgave you after that so perhaps you would be grateful.

پھر اس کے بعد ہم نے تم کو معاف کر دیا، تاکہ تم شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Israelites were forgiven only when they had offered Taubah توبہ (repentance), as recounted in Verse 54. In saying that they were pardoned so that they might learn gratefulness, the present verse employs the Arabic word لَعَلَ La` lla which indicates expectation. In the present context it does no...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Then We pardoned you erasing your sins after that act of worship so that you might be thankful for Our favour upon you.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Children of Israel worshipped the Calf Allah then said, "Remember My favor on you when I forgave you for worshipping the calf." This happened after Musa went to the meeting place with his Lord at the end of that period which was forty days. These forty days were mentioned in Surat Al-A`raf, when...

ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَٰكُم مِّنۢ بَعْدِ مَوْتِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Summa ba'asnaakum mim ba'di mawtikum la'allakum tashkuroon

Then We revived you after your death that perhaps you would be grateful.

پھر موت آ جانے کے بعد ہم نے تم کو ازسرِ نو زندہ کر دیا، تاکہ احسان مانو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: This verse refers to death, which suggests that the thunderbolt had killed them. Since the Israelites had always been mistrusting Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) ، he feared that they would suspect him of having taken the men to a solitary place and got them slaughtered. So, he prayed to Allah to save h...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Then We raised you up brought you back to life after you were dead so that you might be thankful for this favour of Ours.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Best among the Children of Israel ask to see Allah; their subsequent Death and Resurrection Allah said, `Remember My favor on you for resurrecting you after you were seized with lightning when you asked to see Me directly, which neither you nor anyone else can bear or attain.' This was said by I...

فَٱذْكُرُونِىٓ أَذْكُرْكُمْ وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ لِى وَلَا تَكْفُرُونِ

Fazkurooneee azkurkum washkuroo lee wa laa takfuroon

So remember Me; I will remember you. And be grateful to Me and do not deny Me.

سو تم مجھے یاد کرو۔ میں تمہیں یاد کیا کروں گا۔ اور میرے احسان مانتے رہنا اور ناشکری نہ کرنا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The merits of 'Dhikr' ذکر (Rememberance) Dhikr ذکر : or "Remembrance" essentially pertains to the heart, but in so far as the tongue is the interpreter of the heart the oral recitation of a Divine Name or a verse of the Holy Qur'an is also described as Dhikr ذکر . In other words, oral Dhikr ذکر can ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So remember Me through prayer glorification and the like I will remember you this is said to mean ‘I will reward you’; in a hadīth about God that He says ‘whoever remembers Me in himself I will remember him in Myself and whoever remembers Me in an assembly I will remember him in an Assembly more exc...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Muhammad's ﷺ Prophecy is a Great Bounty from Allah Allah reminds His believing servants with what He has endowed them with by sending Muhammad ﷺ as a Messenger to them, reciting to them Allah's clear Ayat and purifying and cleansing them from the worst types of behavior, the ills of the souls and th...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُلُوا۟ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقْنَٰكُمْ وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ لِلَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ

Yaaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo kuloo min taiyibaati maa razaqnaakum washkuroo lillaahi in kuntum iyyaahu ta'budoon

O you who have believed, eat from the good things which We have provided for you and be grateful to Allah if it is [indeed] Him that you worship.

اے اہل ایمان جو پاکیزہ چیزیں ہم نے تم کو عطا فرمائیں ہیں ان کو کھاؤ اور اگر خدا ہی کے بندے ہو تو اس (کی نعمتوں) کا شکر بھی ادا کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Earlier, the aim was to correct the error made by the mushrikin مشرکین when they made unlawful what was good and permissible. Now, in the present Verse (172), the believers are being warned against falling into the same error. As a corollary, they are reminded of Allah's blessings and are taught to ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe eat of the good things that are lawful wherewith We have provided you and give thanks to God for what He has made lawful for you if it be Him that you worship.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to eat Pure Things and the Explanation of the Prohibited Things Allah commands His believing servants to eat from the pure things that He has created for them and to thank Him for it, if they are truly His servants. Eating from pure sources is a cause for the acceptance of supplications ...

شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أُنزِلَ فِيهِ ٱلْقُرْءَانُ هُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَٰتٍ مِّنَ ٱلْهُدَىٰ وَٱلْفُرْقَانِ فَمَن شَهِدَ مِنكُمُ ٱلشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَن كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ بِكُمُ ٱلْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ ٱلْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُوا۟ ٱلْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Shahru Ramadaanallazeee unzila feehil Qur'aanu hudal linnaasi wa baiyinaatim minal hudaa wal furqaan; faman shahida minkumush shahra falyasumhu wa man kaana mareedan aw 'alaa safarin fa'iddatum min ayyaamin ukhar; yureedul laahu bikumul yusra wa laa yureedu bikumul 'usra wa litukmilul 'iddata wa litukabbirul laaha 'alaa maa hadaakum wa la'allakum tashkuroon

The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship and [wants] for you to complete the period and to glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful.

(روزوں کا مہینہ) رمضان کا مہینہ (ہے) جس میں قرآن (اول اول) نازل ہوا جو لوگوں کا رہنما ہے اور (جس میں) ہدایت کی کھلی نشانیاں ہیں اور (جو حق و باطل کو) الگ الگ کرنے والا ہے تو جو کوئی تم میں سے اس مہینے میں موجود ہو چاہیئے کہ پورے مہینے کے روزے رکھے اور جو بیمار ہو یا سفر میں ہو تو دوسرے دنوں میں (رکھ کر) ان کا شمار پورا کرلے۔ خدا تمہارے حق میں آسانی چاہتا ہے اور سختی نہیں چاہتا اور (یہ آسانی کا حکم) اس لئے (دیا گیا ہے) کہ تم روزوں کا شمار پورا کرلو اور اس احسان کے بدلے کہ خدا نے تم کو ہدایت بخشی ہے تم اس کو بزرگی سے یاد کر واور اس کا شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The merits of the month of Ramadan The present verse is an extension of the previous brief verse and also an assertion of the great merit the month of Ramadan holds in its fold. This is an extension because the expression أَيَّامًا مَّعْدُودَاتٍ (Days few in number) in Verse 184 is a bit vague and w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: These days of the month of Ramadān wherein the Qur’ān was revealed from the Preserved Tablet to the earthly heaven on the Night of Ordainment laylat al-qadr from Him a guidance hudan ‘a guidance’ is a circumstantial qualifier guiding away from error for the people and as clear proofs lucid verses of...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Virtue of Ramadan and the Revelation of the Qur'an in it. Allah praised the month of Ramadan out of the other months by choosing it to send down the Glorious Qur'an, just as He did for all of the Divine Books He revealed to the Prophets. Imam Ahmad reported Wathilah bin Al-Asqa` that Allah's Mes...

وَلَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَأَنتُمْ أَذِلَّةٌ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wa laqad nasarakumul laahu bi-Badrinw wa antum azillatun fattaqul laaha la'allakum tashkuroon

And already had Allah given you victory at [the battle of] Badr while you were few in number. Then fear Allah; perhaps you will be grateful.

اور خدا نے جنگِ بدر میں بھی تمہاری مدد کی تھی اور اس وقت بھی تم بے سرو وسامان تھے پس خدا سے ڈرو (اور ان احسانوں کو یاد کرو) تاکہ شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَلَقَدْ نَصَرَ‌كُمُ اللَّـهُ بِبَدْرٍ‌ وَأَنتُمْ أَذِلَّةٌ And Allah certainly supported you at Badr when you were weak. (123) Badr : Location and Importance Badr is located about eighty miles south-west of Madinah and used to be a halting-place while travelling between Makkah and Madinah, before t...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: When they were defeated the following was revealed as a way of reminding them of God’s favour God already gave you victory at Badr a location between Mecca and Medina when you were contemptible few in number and weapons. So fear God in order that you might be thankful for His blessings.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Battle of Uhud According to the majority of scholars, these Ayat are describing the battle of Uhud, as Ibn `Abbas, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, As-Suddi and others said. The battle of Uhud occurred on a Saturday, in the month of Shawwal on the third year of Hijrah. `Ikrimah said that Uhud occurred in the ...

وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِ ٱلرُّسُلُ أَفَإِي۟ن مَّاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ ٱنقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَىٰٓ أَعْقَٰبِكُمْ وَمَن يَنقَلِبْ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَن يَضُرَّ ٱللَّهَ شَيْـًٔا وَسَيَجْزِى ٱللَّهُ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ

Wa maa Muhammadun illaa Rasoolun qad khalat min qablihir Rusul; afa'im maata aw qutilan qalabtum 'alaaa a'qaabikum; wa mai yanqalib 'alaa aqibihi falai yadurral laaha shai'aa; wa sayajzil laahush shaakireen

Muhammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him. So if he was to die or be killed, would you turn back on your heels [to unbelief]? And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allah at all; but Allah will reward the grateful.

اور محمد (صلی الله علیہ وسلم) تو صرف (خدا کے) پیغمبر ہیں ان سے پہلے بھی بہت سے پیغمبر ہو گزرے ہیں بھلا اگر یہ مر جائیں یا مارے جائیں تو تم الٹے پاؤں پھر جاؤ؟ (یعنی مرتد ہو جاؤ؟) اور جو الٹے پاؤں پھر جائے گا تو خدا کا کچھ نقصان نہ کر سکے گا اور خدا شکر گزاروں کو (بڑا) ثواب دے گا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Related to the battle of Uhud, these verses recount events which have a particular significance of their own for several reasons. As such, the Holy Qur'an devotes four to five sections of the Surah 'Al ` Imran to the sequence of victory and defeat at the battle of Uhud and to the natural ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: With regard to their being routed when it was rumoured that the Prophet had been killed and the hypocrites had said to the believers ‘If he has been killed go back to your previous religion’ the following was revealed Muhammad is only a messenger; messengers have passed away before him. Why if he sh...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Rumor that the Prophet was Killed at Uhud When Muslims suffered defeat in battle at Uhud and some of them were killed, Shaytan shouted, "Muhammad ﷺ has been killed." Ibn Qami'ah went back to the idolators and claimed, "I have killed Muhammad." Some Muslims believed this rumor and thought that th...

مَّا يَفْعَلُ ٱللَّهُ بِعَذَابِكُمْ إِن شَكَرْتُمْ وَءَامَنتُمْ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ شَاكِرًا عَلِيمًا

maa yafa'lul laahu bi 'azaabikum in shakartum wa aamantum; wa kaanal laahu Shaakiran 'Aleema

What would Allah do with your punishment if you are grateful and believe? And ever is Allah Appreciative and Knowing.

اگر تم (خدا کے شکرگزار رہو اور (اس پر) ایمان لے آؤ تو خدا تم کو عذاب دے کر کیا کرے گا۔ اور خدا تو قدرشناس اور دانا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The purpose in previous verses was to point out to some ugly traits of the hypocrites, though their punishment of being in Hell with disbelievers was also mentioned as a corollary to another subject. From this stage onwards, the purpose is to state their punishment clearly. Since the inherent effect...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Why would God chastise you if you are thankful of His favours and believe in Him? the interrogative is meant as a denial in other words He would not punish you. God is ever Thankful of the deeds of believers rewarding them Knowing of His creation.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Prohibition of Wilayah with the Disbelievers Allah forbids His believing servants from taking the disbelievers as friends instead of the believers. This includes being friends and associates of the disbelievers, advising them, being intimate with them and exposing the secrets of the believers to...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغْسِلُوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْمَرَافِقِ وَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِرُءُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْكَعْبَيْنِ وَإِن كُنتُمْ جُنُبًا فَٱطَّهَّرُوا۟ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰٓ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَآءَ أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلْغَآئِطِ أَوْ لَٰمَسْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ مَآءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟ صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُم مِّنْهُ مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيَجْعَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْ حَرَجٍ وَلَٰكِن يُرِيدُ لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعْمَتَهُۥ عَلَيْكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo izaa qumtum ilas Salaati faghsiloo wujoohakum wa Aidiyakum ilal maraafiqi wamsahoo biru'oosikum wa arjulakum ilal ka'bayn; wa in kuntum junuban fattahharoo; wain kuntum mardaaa aw'alaa safarin aw jaaa'a ahadum minkum minal ghaaa'iti aw laamastumunnisaaa'a falam tajidoo maaa'an fatayammamoo sa'eedan taiyiban famsahoo biwujoohikum wa aideekum minh; ma yureedul laahu liyaj'ala 'alaikum min harajinw wa laakidy yureedu liyutahhirakum wa liyutimma m'matahoo 'alaikum la'allakum tashkuroon

O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles. And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women and do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands with it. Allah does not intend to make difficulty for you, but He intends to purify you and complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful.

مومنو! جب تم نماز پڑھنے کا قصد کیا کرو تم منہ اور کہنیوں تک ہاتھ دھو لیا کرو اور سر کا مسح کر لیا کرو اور ٹخنوں تک پاؤں (دھو لیا کرو) اور اگر نہانے کی حاجت ہو تو (نہا کر) پاک ہو جایا کرو اور اگر بیمار ہو یا سفر میں ہو یا کوئی تم میں سے بیت الخلا سے ہو کر آیا ہو یا تم عورتوں سے ہم بستر ہوئے ہو اور تمہیں پانی نہ مل سکے تو پاک مٹی لو اور اس سے منہ اور ہاتھوں کا مسح (یعنی تیمم) کر لو۔ خدا تم پر کسی طرح کی تنگی نہیں کرنا چاہتا بلکہ یہ چاہتا ہے کہ تمہیں پاک کرے اور اپنی نعمتیں تم پر پوری کرے تاکہ تم شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Some injunctions of the Shariah concerning the conduct of worldly life, choices in marriage and food appeared in the previous verses. This verse mentions some injunctions relating to ` Ibadat, acts of worship like Salah, Wudu, Mash مسح ، Tayammum, Ghusl and Taharah
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe when you stand up that is when you intend to go to pray and you are in a state of ritual impurity wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows that is including them the elbows as is clarified in the Sunna; and wipe your heads the bā’ in bi-ru’ūsikum is for ‘adherence’ that is t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Order to Perform Wudu Allah said, إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلوةِ (When you stand for (intend to offer) the Salah,) Allah commanded performing Wudu' for the prayer. This is a command of obligation in the case of impurity, and in the case of purity, it is merely a recommendation. It was said that ...

وَكَذَٰلِكَ فَتَنَّا بَعْضَهُم بِبَعْضٍ لِّيَقُولُوٓا۟ أَهَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنۢ بَيْنِنَآ أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ

Wa kazaalika fatannaa ba'dahum biba'dil liyaqoolooo ahaaa'ulaaa'i mannal laahu 'alaihim mim baininaa; alaisal laahu bi-a'lama bish shaakireen

And thus We have tried some of them through others that the disbelievers might say, "Is it these whom Allah has favored among us?" Is not Allah most knowing of those who are grateful?

اور اسی طرح ہم نے بعض لوگوں کی بعض سے آزمائش کی ہے کہ (جو دولتمند ہیں وہ غریبوں کی نسبت) کہتے ہیں کیا یہی لوگ ہیں جن پر خدا نے ہم میں سے فضل کیا ہے (خدا نے فرمایا) بھلا خدا شکر کرنے والوں سے واقف نہیں؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In Islam there is No Distinction between Rich and Poor, High or Low As for people who failed to feel human despite being human, even touched the outer limit of rating human beings as one of the smartest animals of the world, who did not hesitate in harnessing other ` animals' in their ser...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And even so We have tried We have tested some of them by others that is the noble one by the commoner the rich man by the poor man preferring the latter one by giving him precedence in attaining faith so that they the noble ones and the rich may say in disavowal ‘Are these the poor the ones whom God...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Messenger Neither has the Key to Allah's Treasures, Nor Knows the Unseen Allah said to His Messenger , قُل لاَّ أَقُولُ لَكُمْ عِندِى خَزَآئِنُ اللَّهِ (Say: "I don't tell you that with me are the treasures of Allah.") meaning, I do not own Allah's treasures or have any power over them, وَلا أَع...

قُلْ مَن يُنَجِّيكُم مِّن ظُلُمَٰتِ ٱلْبَرِّ وَٱلْبَحْرِ تَدْعُونَهُۥ تَضَرُّعًا وَخُفْيَةً لَّئِنْ أَنجَىٰنَا مِنْ هَٰذِهِۦ لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ

Qul mai yunajjeekum min zulumaatil barri walbahri tad'oonahoo tadarru'anw wa khufyatann la'in anjaanaa min haazihee lanakoonana minash shaakireen

Say, "Who rescues you from the darknesses of the land and sea [when] you call upon Him imploring [aloud] and privately, 'If He should save us from this [crisis], we will surely be among the thankful.' "

کہو بھلا تم کو جنگلوں اور دریاؤں کے اندھیروں سے کون مخلصی دیتا ہے (جب) کہ تم اسے عاجزی اور نیاز پنہانی سے پکارتے ہو (اور کہتے ہو) اگر خدا ہم کو اس (تنگی) سے نجات بخشے تو ہم اس کے بہت شکر گزار ہوں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Some Manifestations of Divine Knowledge and Absolute Power In previous verses, there was a description of the perfection of Divine Knowledge and Power, and of their unique expanse. Mentioned in the present verse, there are some manifestations of this very Knowledge and Power. The word: ظُ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Say O Muhammad (s) to the people of Mecca ‘Who delivers you from the darkness of the land and the sea from their terrors during your journeys? When you call upon Him openly and secretly saying “Verily if la-in the lām is for oaths You God deliver us anjaytanā is also read anjānā ‘if He delivers us’ ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah's Compassion and Generosity, and His Power and Torment Allah mentions how He favors His servants, saving them during times of need, in the darkness of land and at sea, such as when storms strike. In such cases, they call on Allah alone, without partners, in supplication. In other Ayat, Allah s...

وَلَقَدْ مَكَّنَّٰكُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَجَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ فِيهَا مَعَٰيِشَ قَلِيلًا مَّا تَشْكُرُونَ

Wa laqad makkannaakum fil ardi wa ja'alnaa lakum feehaa ma'aayish; qaleelam maa tashkuroon

And We have certainly established you upon the earth and made for you therein ways of livelihood. Little are you grateful.

اور ہم ہی نے زمین میں تمہارا ٹھکانہ بنایا اور اس میں تمہارے لیے سامان معشیت پیدا کئے۔ (مگر) تم کم ہی شکر کرتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In the first verse, it was said: وَالْوَزْنُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْحَقُّ ` (And the Weighing on that day is definite). It means that the weighing of good and bad deeds on the day of Judgment is due and true. There is no room for doubt in it. Here, the hint given is that let no one be deceived by ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We have given you power O Children of Adam in the earth and have appointed for you therein livelihoods ma‘āyish is the plural of ma‘īsha that is the means by which you are able to subsist; little qalīlan mā mā is to emphasise the ‘littleness’ thanks you show for this.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All Bounties in the Heavens and Earth are for the Benefit of Mankind Allah reminds of His favor on His servants in that He made the earth a fixed place for dwelling, placed firm mountains and rivers on it and made homes and allowed them to utilize its benefits. Allah made the clouds work for them (b...

وَنَزَعْنَا مَا فِى صُدُورِهِم مِّنْ غِلٍّ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهِمُ ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ وَقَالُوا۟ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى هَدَىٰنَا لِهَٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لِنَهْتَدِىَ لَوْلَآ أَنْ هَدَىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ لَقَدْ جَآءَتْ رُسُلُ رَبِّنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَنُودُوٓا۟ أَن تِلْكُمُ ٱلْجَنَّةُ أُورِثْتُمُوهَا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ

Wa naza'naa maa fee sudoorihim min ghillin tajree min tahtihimul anhaaru wa qaalul hamdu lillaahil lazee hadaanaa lihaaza wa maa kunna linahtadiya law laaa ann hadaanal laahu laqad jaaa'at Rusulu Rabbinaa bilhaqq; wa noodoo an tilkumul jannnatu ooristumoohaa bimaa kuntum ta'maloon

And We will have removed whatever is within their breasts of resentment, [while] flowing beneath them are rivers. And they will say, "Praise to Allah, who has guided us to this; and we would never have been guided if Allah had not guided us. Certainly the messengers of our Lord had come with the truth." And they will be called, "This is Paradise, which you have been made to inherit for what you used to do."

اور جو کینے ان کے دلوں میں ہوں گے ہم سب نکال ڈالیں گے۔ ان کے محلوں کے نیچے نہریں بہہ رہی ہوں گی اور کہیں گے کہ خدا کا شکر ہے جس نے ہم کو یہاں کا راستہ دکھایا اور اگر خدا ہم کو رستہ نہ دکھاتا تو ہم رستہ نہ پا سکتے۔ بےشک ہمارا پروردگار کے رسول حق بات لے کر آئے تھے اور (اس روز) منادی کر دی جائے گی کہ تم ان اعمال کے صلے میں جو دنیا میں کرتے تھے اس بہشت کے وارث بنا دیئے گئے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The third verse (42) mentions those who dutifully follow Divine injunctions as they are the people of Paradise and there they shall live forever. Injunctions of the Shari'ah : Consideration of Convenience But, along with the condition set forth for such people; that they believe and do good deeds - ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: We shall strip away all rancour all spite that existed between them in the world that is in their breasts; and beneath them beneath their palaces flow rivers; and they will say once they have settled in their dwellings ‘Praise be to God Who guided us to this action the reward of which is this Paradi...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Destination of Righteous Believers After Allah mentioned the condition of the miserable ones, He then mentioned the condition of the happy ones, saying, وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَاتِ (But those who believed, and worked righteousness) Their hearts have believed and they performed g...

وَٱلْبَلَدُ ٱلطَّيِّبُ يَخْرُجُ نَبَاتُهُۥ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِۦ وَٱلَّذِى خَبُثَ لَا يَخْرُجُ إِلَّا نَكِدًا كَذَٰلِكَ نُصَرِّفُ ٱلْـَٔايَٰتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَشْكُرُونَ

Walbaladut taiyibu yakhruju nabaatuhoo bi-izni Rabbihee wallazee khabusa laa yakhruju illaa nakidaa; kazaalika nusarriful Aayaati liqawminy yashkuroon

And the good land - its vegetation emerges by permission of its Lord; but that which is bad - nothing emerges except sparsely, with difficulty. Thus do We diversify the signs for a people who are grateful.

جو زمین پاکیزہ (ہے) اس میں سے سبزہ بھی پروردگار کے حکم سے (نفیس ہی) نکلتا ہے اور جو خراب ہے اس میں جو کچھ ہے ناقص ہوتا ہے۔ اسی طرح ہم آیتوں کو شکرگزار لوگوں کے لئے پھیر پھیر کر بیان کرتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Stated in the second verse (58) is: وَالْبَلَدُ الطَّيِّبُ يَخْرُ‌جُ نَبَاتُهُ بِإِذْنِ رَ‌بِّهِ ۖ وَالَّذِي خَبُثَ لَا يَخْرُ‌جُ إِلَّا نَكِدًا (As for the good land, its vegetation comes out with the permission of its Lord. And that which is bad does not grow except what is bad). The word: نَكِد (...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: As for the good land the one of rich soil its vegetation comes forth wholesomely by permission of its Lord — this is a similitude of the believer who when he hears an admonition he heeds it and benefits from it. While as for the one whose soil is bad — the vegetation in it comes forth only miserably...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Among Allah's Signs, He sends down the Rain and brings forth the Produce After Allah stated that He created the heavens and earth and that He is the Owner and Possessor of the affairs Who makes things subservient (for mankind), He ordained that He be invoked in Du`a', for He is able to do all things...

قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنِّى ٱصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ بِرِسَٰلَٰتِى وَبِكَلَٰمِى فَخُذْ مَآ ءَاتَيْتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ

Qaala yaa Moosaaa innis tafaituka 'alan naasi bi Risaalaatee wa bi kalaamee fakhuz maaa aataituka wa kum minash shaakireen

[Allah] said, "O Moses, I have chosen you over the people with My messages and My words [to you]. So take what I have given you and be among the grateful."

(خدا نے) فرمایا موسیٰ میں نے تم کو اپنے پیغام اور اپنے کلام سے لوگوں سے ممتاز کیا ہے۔ تو جو میں نے تم کو عطا کیا ہے اسے پکڑ رکھو اور (میرا) شکر بجالاؤ

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Speech of Allah: The fact that Allah spoke directly to the Prophet Musa (علیہ السلام) is confirmed by the Qur'an in clear terms. The first time Allah spoke with the Prophet Musa (علیہ السلام) was when he was entrusted with Prophethood. This is the second time at the occasion of giving him the To...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He God said to him ‘O Moses I have elected you chosen you from among mankind the people of your time for My Messages read plural bi-risālātī or singular bi-risālatī ‘for My Message’ and My Speech that is for My having spoken to you. So take what I have given you of bounty and be of the thankful’ of ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah chooses Musa and gives Him the Tablets Allah states that He spoke to Musa directly and informed him that He has chosen him above the people of his time, by His Message and by speaking to him. Here we should mention that there is no doubt that Muhammad ﷺ is the chief of all the Children of Adam...

هُوَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَٰحِدَةٍ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا لِيَسْكُنَ إِلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا تَغَشَّىٰهَا حَمَلَتْ حَمْلًا خَفِيفًا فَمَرَّتْ بِهِۦ فَلَمَّآ أَثْقَلَت دَّعَوَا ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُمَا لَئِنْ ءَاتَيْتَنَا صَٰلِحًا لَّنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ

Huwal lazee khalaqakum min nafsinw waahidatinw wa ja'ala minhaa zawjahaa liyas kuna ilaihaa falammaa taghash shaahaa hamalat hamlan khafeefan famarrat bihee falammaaa asqalad da'awal laaha Rabbahumaa la'in aayaitanaa saalihal lanakoo nanna minash shaakireen

It is He who created you from one soul and created from it its mate that he might dwell in security with her. And when he covers her, she carries a light burden and continues therein. And when it becomes heavy, they both invoke Allah, their Lord, "If You should give us a good [child], we will surely be among the grateful."

وہ خدا ہی تو ہے جس نے تم کو ایک شخص سے پیدا کیا اور اس سے اس کا جوڑا بنایا تاکہ اس سے راحت حاصل کرے۔ سو جب وہ اس کے پاس جاتا ہے تو اسے ہلکا سا حمل رہ جاتا ہے اور وہ اس کے ساتھ چلتی پھرتی ہے۔ پھر جب کچھ بوجھ معلوم کرتی یعنی بچہ پیٹ میں بڑا ہوتا ہے تو دونوں میاں بیوی اپنے پروردگار خدائے عزوجل سے التجا کرتے ہیں کہ اگر تو ہمیں صحیح وسالم (بچہ) دے گا تو ہم تیرے شکر گذار ہوں گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The next verse 189 speaks of the most basic belief of Islam that is Tauhid and, at the same time, brings out the falsity of believing in more than one god. In the beginning of the verse Allah سُبحَانہ و تعالیٰ has mentioned the creation of Sayyidna 'Adam and Sayyidah Hawwa' (علیہما السلام) which was...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He that is God it is Who created you from a single soul namely Adam and made created from him his spouse Eve that he might take rest in her and become intimate with her. Then when he covered her when he had sexual intercourse with her she bore a light burden namely the sperm-drop and moved to and fr...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): All Mankind are the Offspring of Adam Allah states that He has created all mankind from Adam, peace be upon him, and from Adam, He created his wife, Hawwa' and from them, people started to spread. Allah said in another Ayah, يأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا خَلَقْنَـكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى وَجَعَلْنَـكُم...

وَٱذْكُرُوٓا۟ إِذْ أَنتُمْ قَلِيلٌ مُّسْتَضْعَفُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ تَخَافُونَ أَن يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ فَـَٔاوَىٰكُمْ وَأَيَّدَكُم بِنَصْرِهِۦ وَرَزَقَكُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wazkurooo iz antum qaleelum mustad 'afoona filardi takhaafoona ai yatakhat tafakumun naasu fa aawaakum wa aiyadakum binasrihee wa razaqakum minat taiyibaati la'allakum tashkuroon

And remember when you were few and oppressed in the land, fearing that people might abduct you, but He sheltered you, supported you with His victory, and provided you with good things - that you might be grateful.

اور اس وقت کو یاد کرو جب تم زمین (مکہ) میں قلیل اور ضعیف سمجھے جاتے تھے اور ڈرتے رہتے تھے کہ لوگ تمہیں اُڑا (نہ) لے جائیں (یعنی بےخان وماں نہ کردیں) تو اس نے تم کو جگہ دی اور اپنی مدد سے تم کو تقویت بخشی اور پاکیزہ چیزیں کھانے کو دیں تاکہ (اس کا) شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The second verse (26) also mentions several things which could make Divine injunctions easy on them. To pursuade them towards the option of obedience to Allah, Muslims have been reminded of their past weakness and of how Allah has blessed them with power and confidence by changing surrounding condit...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And remember when you were few and oppressed in the land the land of Mecca and were fearful lest men should snatch you away lest the disbelievers should seize you swiftly; how He gave you refuge in Medina and reinforced you strengthened you with His help on the day of Badr with the angels and provid...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Reminding Muslims of Their previous State of Weakness and Subjugation which changed into Might and Triumph Allah, the Exalted, reminds His believing servants of His blessings and favors on them. They were few and He made them many, weak and fearful and He provided them with strength and victory. The...

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مُوسَىٰ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ أَنْ أَخْرِجْ قَوْمَكَ مِنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ وَذَكِّرْهُم بِأَيَّىٰمِ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَٰتٍ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَكُورٍ

Wa laqad arsalnaa Moosaa bi Aayaatinaa an akhrij qawmaka minaz zulumaati ilan noori wa zak kirhum bi ayyaamil laah; inna fee zaalika la aayaatil likulli sabbaarin shakoor

And We certainly sent Moses with Our signs, [saying], "Bring out your people from darknesses into the light and remind them of the days of Allah." Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

اور ہم نے موسیٰ کو اپنی نشانیاں دے کر بھیجا کہ اپنی قوم کو تاریکی سے نکال کر روشنی میں لے جاؤ۔ اور ان کو خدا کے دن یاد دلاؤ اس میں ان لوگوں کے لیے جو صابر وشاکر ہیں (قدرت خدا کی) نشانیاں ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: . Please see footnote on the first verse of this Surah. . The 'Days of Allah' here refers to the events of the past when Allah had graced some people with His favours and subjected some others to His punishment. ommentary The first verse cited above (5) mentions that Allah Ta’ ala sent Sayyidna Musa...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We sent Moses with Our signs the nine signs and We said to him ‘Bring forth your people the Children of Israel out of darkness out of unbelief into light into faith and remind them of the Days of God’ of His graces. Surely in that reminder are signs for every man enduring in obedience to ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Story of Musa and His People Allah says here, `Just as We sent you (O, Muhammad) and sent down to you the Book, in order that you might guide and call all people out of darkness into the light, We also sent Musa to the Children of Israel with Our Ayat (signs, or miracles).' Mujahid said that this pa...

وَإِذْ تَأَذَّنَ رَبُّكُمْ لَئِن شَكَرْتُمْ لَأَزِيدَنَّكُمْ وَلَئِن كَفَرْتُمْ إِنَّ عَذَابِى لَشَدِيدٌ

Wa iz ta azzana Rabbukum la'in shakartum la azeedannakum wa la'in kafartum inn'azaabee lashadeed

And [remember] when your Lord proclaimed, 'If you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favor]; but if you deny, indeed, My punishment is severe.' "

اور جب تمہارے پروردگار نے (تم کو) آگاہ کیا کہ اگر شکر کرو گے تو میں تمہیں زیادہ دوں گا اور اگر ناشکری کرو گے تو (یاد رکھو کہ) میرا عذاب بھی سخت ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Outcome of Gratitude and Ingratitude In the third verse (7), it was said: وَإِذْ تَأَذَّنَ رَ‌بُّكُمْ لَئِن شَكَرْ‌تُمْ لَأَزِيدَنَّكُمْ ۖ وَلَئِن كَفَرْ‌تُمْ إِنَّ عَذَابِي لَشَدِيدٌ (And when your Lord declared, "If you express gratitude, I shall certainly give you more, and if you are ungrate...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when your Lord proclaimed when He made it known that “If you are thankful for My graces through affirmation of My Oneness and obedience to Me then assuredly I shall give you more; but if you are thankless if you deny the truth of the grace through disbelief and disobedience then assuredly I shal...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah states that Musa reminded his people about Allah's annals anddays and of Allah's favors and bounties that He bestowed on them,when He saved them from Fir` awn and his people and the tormentand disgrace they used to exert on them. They used to slaughter whomever they could find among their sons...

رَّبَّنَآ إِنِّىٓ أَسْكَنتُ مِن ذُرِّيَّتِى بِوَادٍ غَيْرِ ذِى زَرْعٍ عِندَ بَيْتِكَ ٱلْمُحَرَّمِ رَبَّنَا لِيُقِيمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ فَٱجْعَلْ أَفْـِٔدَةً مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ تَهْوِىٓ إِلَيْهِمْ وَٱرْزُقْهُم مِّنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْكُرُونَ

Rabbanaaa inneee askantu min zurriyyatee biwaadin ghairi zee zar'in 'inda Baitikal Muharrami Rabbanaa liyuqeemus Salaata faj'al af'idatam minan naasi tahweee ilaihim warzuqhum minas samaraati la'allahum yashkuroon

Our Lord, I have settled some of my descendants in an uncultivated valley near Your sacred House, our Lord, that they may establish prayer. So make hearts among the people incline toward them and provide for them from the fruits that they might be grateful.

اے پروردگار میں نے اپنی اولاد کو میدان (مکہ) میں جہاں کھیتی نہیں تیرے عزت (وادب) والے گھر کے پاس لابسائی ہے۔ اے پروردگار تاکہ یہ نماز پڑھیں تو لوگوں کے دلوں کو ایسا کر دے کہ ان کی طرف جھکے رہیں اور ان کو میوؤں سے روزی دے تاکہ (تیرا) شکر کریں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Brimming with wisdom, there is another prayer of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) which appears in the third verse (37) as follows: رَّ‌بَّنَا إِنِّي أَسْكَنتُ مِن ذُرِّ‌يَّتِي بِوَادٍ غَيْرِ‌ ذِي زَرْ‌عٍ عِندَ بَيْتِكَ الْمُحَرَّ‌مِ رَ‌بَّنَا لِيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ فَاجْعَلْ أَفْئِدَةً مِّنَ النَّاسِ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Our Lord indeed I have made some of my seed that is Ishmael and his mother Hagar to dwell in a valley where there is no sown land namely Mecca by Your Sacred House which had been there since before the Flood our Lord that they may establish prayer. So make some of the hearts of men yearn incline and...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): عِندَ بَيْتِكَ الْمُحَرَّمِ (by Your Sacred House...) then he, رَبَّنَا لِيُقِيمُواْ الصَّلوةَ (O our Lord, that they may perform Salah.) Ibn Jarir At-Tabari commented that this, "Refers to his earlier statement, الْمُحَرَّمِ (the Sacred...)," meaning, `You have made this House Sacred so that people...

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ ٱلْبَحْرَ لِتَأْكُلُوا۟ مِنْهُ لَحْمًا طَرِيًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِجُوا۟ مِنْهُ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا وَتَرَى ٱلْفُلْكَ مَوَاخِرَ فِيهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wa Huwal lazee sakhkharal bahra litaakuloo minhu lahman tariyyanw wa tastakhrijoo minhu hilyatan talbasoonahaa wa taral fulka mawaakhira feehi wa litabtaghoo min fadlihee wa la'allakum tashkuroon

And it is He who subjected the sea for you to eat from it tender meat and to extract from it ornaments which you wear. And you see the ships plowing through it, and [He subjected it] that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.

اور وہی تو ہے جس نے دریا کو تمہارے اختیار میں کیا تاکہ اس میں سے تازہ گوشت کھاؤ اور اس سے زیور (موتی وغیرہ) نکالو جسے تم پہنتے ہو۔ اور تم دیکھتے ہو کہ کشتیاں دریا میں پانی کو پھاڑتی چلی جاتی ہیں۔ اور اس لیے بھی (دریا کو تمہارے اختیار میں کیا) کہ تم خدا کے فضل سے (معاش) تلاش کرو تاکہ اس کا شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After the description of things created in the heavens and the earth, and the benefits human beings derive from them, the text now turns to the high seas wherein Divine wisdom has placed many more benefits for them. Verse 14 which begins with the words: هُوَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ‌ الْبَحْرَ‌ لِتَأْكُلُوا ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And He it is Who disposed the sea He it is Who subdued it that it might be sailed upon and dived in that you may eat from it fresh meat that is fish and bring forth from it ornaments which you wear namely pearls and coral. And you see observe the ships ploughing therein ploughing through the water t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Signs in the Oceans, Mountains, Rivers, Roads and Stars Allah tells us how He has subjected the seas, with their waves lapping the shores, and how He blesses His servants by subjecting the seas for them so that they may travel on them, and by putting fish and whales in them, by making their flesh pe...

وَمَا بِكُم مِّن نِّعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ ٱلضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْـَٔرُونَ

Wa maa bikum minni'matin faminal laahi summa izaa massakumud durru fa ilaihi taj'aroon

And whatever you have of favor - it is from Allah. Then when adversity touches you, to Him you cry for help.

اور جو نعمتیں تم کو میسر ہیں سب خدا کی طرف سے ہیں۔ پھر جب تم کو کوئی تکلیف پہنچتی ہے تو اسی کے آگے چلاتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Even the Punishment of the World is Mercy in Disguise In the verses cited above, after having mentioned various punishments which could seize disbelievers within this world, it was said in the end: فَإِنَّ رَ‌بَّكُمْ لَرَ‌ءُوفٌ رَّ‌حِيمٌ (So, indeed your Lord is Very Kind Very Merciful). First of al...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Whatever grace you have it is from God none but He brings it mā ‘whatever’ is either a conditional or relative particle. Then when misfortune poverty or illness befalls you to Him you cry for help to Him you raise your voices with pleas for help and supplications and you do not call upon any other t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah Alone is Deserving of Worship Allah tells us that there is no god but He, and that no one else should be worshipped except Him, alone, without partners, for He is the Sovereign, Creator, and Lord of all things. وَلَهُ الدِّينُ وَاصِبًا (His is the religion Wasiba) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah...

وَٱللَّهُ أَخْرَجَكُم مِّنۢ بُطُونِ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ شَيْـًٔا وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلسَّمْعَ وَٱلْأَبْصَٰرَ وَٱلْأَفْـِٔدَةَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wallaahu akhrajakum mim butooni ummahaatikum laa ta'lamoona shai'anw wa ja'ala lakumus sam'a wal absaara wal af'idata la'allakum tashkuroon

And Allah has extracted you from the wombs of your mothers not knowing a thing, and He made for you hearing and vision and intellect that perhaps you would be grateful.

اور خدا ہی نے تم کو تمہاری ماؤں کے شکم سے پیدا کیا کہ تم کچھ نہیں جانتے تھے۔ اور اس نے تم کو کان اور آنکھیں اور دل (اور اُن کے علاوہ اور) اعضا بخشے تاکہ تم شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The Divine statement: لَا تَعْلَمُونَ شَيْئًا (when you knew nothing - 78) indicates that knowledge is not an ingrained personal excellence of man. When born, man has no knowledge or skill. Then, in proportion to growing human needs, man is made to absorb some knowledge, bit by bit, direc...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And God brought you forth from the bellies of your mothers while you did not know anything the statement lā ta‘lamūna shay’an ‘while you did not know anything’ is a circumstantial qualifier and He gave you hearing and sight and hearts that perhaps you might give thanks to Him for this gift and becom...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Unseen belongs to Allah and only He has Knowledge of the Hour Allah tells us of the perfection of His knowledge and ability to do all things, by telling us that He alone knows the Unseen of the heavens and the earth. No one knows anything about such things except for what Allah informs about as ...

فَكُلُوا۟ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ حَلَٰلًا طَيِّبًا وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ

Fakuloo mimmaa razaqa kumul laahu halaalan taiyibanw washkuroo ni'matal laahi in kuntum iyyaahu ta'budoon

Then eat of what Allah has provided for you [which is] lawful and good. And be grateful for the favor of Allah, if it is [indeed] Him that you worship.

پس خدا نے جو تم کو حلال طیّب رزق دیا ہے اسے کھاؤ۔ اور الله کی نعمتوں کا شکر کرو۔ اگر اسی کی عبادت کرتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence and Explanation in Gist Mentioned in the previous verses was that disbelievers will be punished for their ungratefulness to Allah whose blessings they had been enjoying. In the cited verses, Muslims have been instructed to stay away from ungratefulness, rather be grateful for Halal things A...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So eat O believers of the lawful and good food which God has provided you and be thankful for God’s grace if it is Him that you worship.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to eat Lawful Provisions and to be Thankful, and an Explanation of what is Unlawful Allah orders His believing servants to eat the good and lawful things that He has provided, and to give thanks to Him for that, for He is the Giver and Originator of all favors, Who alone deserves to be w...

شَاكِرًا لِّأَنْعُمِهِ ٱجْتَبَىٰهُ وَهَدَىٰهُ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ

Shaakiral li an'umih; ijtabaahu wa hadaahu ilaa Siraatim Muustaqeem

[He was] grateful for His favors. Allah chose him and guided him to a straight path.

اس کی نعمتوں کے شکرگزار تھے۔ خدا نے ان کو برگزیدہ کیا تھا اور (اپنی) سیدھی راہ پر چلایا تھا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence of Verses Refuted in the previous verses was the root of Shirk and Kufr which is rejection of the reality of Allah's Oneness and the rejection of the mandate given by Him to His prophet. Also refuted there were some off-shoots of Kufr and Shirk in the form of legalizing the illegal and ille...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: grateful as he was for His graces He chose him elected him and guided him to a straight path.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): He selected him, as Allah says : وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَآ إِبْرَهِيمَ رُشْدَهُ مِن قَبْلُ وَكُنَّا بِهِ عَـلِمِينَ (And before, We indeed gave Ibrahim his integrity, and We were indeed most knowledgeable about him)(21:51). Then Allah says: وَهَدَاهُ إِلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ (and guided him to a straight...

ذُرِّيَّةَ مَنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا

Zurriyyata man hamalnaa ma'a Nooh innahoo kaana 'abdan shakooraa

O descendants of those We carried [in the ship] with Noah. Indeed, he was a grateful servant.

اے اُن لوگوں کی اولاد جن کو ہم نے نوح کے ساتھ (کشتی میں) سوار کیا تھا۔ بےشک نوح (ہمارے) شکرگزار بندے تھے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Described in this verse is the event of Mi` raj (the Ascent to the heavens, or al-'Isra', the midnight journey of the Holy Prophet ﷺ which is a signal honor and distinctive miracle of our Messenger of Allah ﷺ). The word: أَسْرَ‌ىٰ (asra) is a derivation from: اِسْرَ‌ىٰ (isra' ) which lite...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: descendants of those whom We carried with Noah in the Ark. Indeed he was a grateful servant giving thanks to Us frequently and offering praise in whichever state he found himself.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Musa and how He was given the Tawrah When Allah mentions how He took His servant Muhammad ﷺ, on the Journey by Night, He follows it by mentioning Musa, His servant and Messenger who also spoke with Him. Allah often mentions Muhammad ﷺ and Musa (AH.) together, may the peace and blessings of Allah be ...

رَّبُّكُمُ ٱلَّذِى يُزْجِى لَكُمُ ٱلْفُلْكَ فِى ٱلْبَحْرِ لِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦٓ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا

Rabbukumul lazee yuzjee lakumul fulka fil bahri litabtaghoo min fadlih; innahoo kaana bikum Raheemaa

It is your Lord who drives the ship for you through the sea that you may seek of His bounty. Indeed, He is ever, to you, Merciful.

تمہارا پروردگار وہ ہے جو تمہارے لئے دریا میں کشتیاں چلاتا ہے تاکہ تم اس کے فضل سے (روزی) تلاش کرو۔ بےشک وہ تم پر مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: (2) Secondly, he had said if he was given respite till the day of Qiyamah, he will mislead the entire progeny of 'Adam, except a few of them. That Allah Ta’ ala has elected to answer in the later verses. He said that the Shaitan will have no control over His sincere servants even if he were to rall...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Your Lord is He Who drives for you the ships upon the sea that you may seek of His bounty exalted be He through engaging in commerce. Truly He is ever Merciful towards you by disposing these ships for you.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Ships are a Sign of the Mercy of Allah Allah tells us of His kindness towards His servants by subjugating for them ships on the sea. He makes it easy for them to use ships to serve their interests, seeking His bounty through trade between one region and another. He says: إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمً...

وَٱلْبُدْنَ جَعَلْنَٰهَا لَكُم مِّن شَعَٰٓئِرِ ٱللَّهِ لَكُمْ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ فَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱسْمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا صَوَآفَّ فَإِذَا وَجَبَتْ جُنُوبُهَا فَكُلُوا۟ مِنْهَا وَأَطْعِمُوا۟ ٱلْقَانِعَ وَٱلْمُعْتَرَّ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرْنَٰهَا لَكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Walbudna ja'alnaahaa lakum min sha'aaa'iril laahi lakum feehaa khairun fazkurusmal laahi 'alaihaa sawaaff; fa izaa wajabat junoobuhaa fakuloo minhaa wa at'imul qaani'a walmu'tarr; kazaalika sakhkharnaahaa lakum la'allakum tashkuroon

And the camels and cattle We have appointed for you as among the symbols of Allah; for you therein is good. So mention the name of Allah upon them when lined up [for sacrifice]; and when they are [lifeless] on their sides, then eat from them and feed the needy and the beggar. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may be grateful.

اور قربانی کے اونٹوں کو بھی ہم نے تمہارے لئے شعائر خدا مقرر کیا ہے۔ ان میں تمہارے لئے فائدے ہیں۔ تو (قربانی کرنے کے وقت) قطار باندھ کر ان پر خدا کا نام لو۔ جب پہلو کے بل گر پڑیں تو ان میں سے کھاؤ اور قناعت سے بیٹھ رہنے والوں اور سوال کرنے والوں کو بھی کھلاؤ۔ اس طرح ہم نے ان کو تمہارے زیرفرمان کردیا ہے تاکہ تم شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَالْبُدْنَ جَعَلْنَاهَا لَكُم مِّن شَعَائِرِ‌ اللَّـهِ (And the big animals of sacrifice [ like camels ] are made by Us among the symbols of Allah for you - 22:36.) It has been explained earlier that شَعَائِرِ‌ (symbols) mean those special forms of rites and worship, which are the symbols of Islam....
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And as for the sacrificial camels al-budn plural of badana which are ‘camels’ — We have appointed them for you as one of God’s sacraments the ritual ceremonies of His religion. There is good for you in them benefit for you in this world as already mentioned and a reward in the Hereafter. So mention ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to slaughter the Budn (Sacrificial Camel) Here Allah reminds His servants of the blessing which He has bestowed on His servants, by creating the Budn for them and making them one of His symbols. For He has decreed that they should be brought to His Sacred House; indeed, they are the best...

لَن يَنَالَ ٱللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَٰكِن يَنَالُهُ ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ مِنكُمْ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمْ لِتُكَبِّرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمْ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

Lany yanaalal laaha luhoo muhaa wa laa dimaaa'uhaa wa laakiny yanaaluhut taqwaa minkum; kazaalika sakhkharhaa lakum litukabbirul laaha 'alaa ma hadaakum; wa bashshirul muhsineen

Their meat will not reach Allah, nor will their blood, but what reaches Him is piety from you. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you; and give good tidings to the doers of good.

خدا تک نہ اُن کا گوشت پہنچتا ہے اور نہ خون۔ بلکہ اس تک تمہاری پرہیزگاری پہنچتی ہے۔ اسی طرح خدا نے ان کو تمہارا مسخر کر دیا ہے تاکہ اس بات کے بدلے کہ اس نے تم کو ہدایت بخشی ہے اسے بزرگی سے یاد کرو۔ اور (اے پیغمبر) نیکوکاروں کو خوشخبری سنا دو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The real object is not the specific rites of pilgrimage but true devotion to Allah and submission to His will which are inherent in those rites لَن يَنَالَ اللَّـهَ لُحُومُهَا (It is neither their flesh nor their blood that reaches Allah - 22:37) It means that the sacrifice of animals is a very high...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Neither their flesh nor their blood shall reach God that is neither of these shall be raised up to Him; rather it is your piety that shall reach Him that is it is your righteous action performed purely for Him together with your faith that shall be raised up to Him. Thus has He disposed them for you...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Goal of the Udhiyyah (Sacrifice) according to Allah is the Sincerity and Taqwa of His Servant Allah says: this sacrifice is prescribed for you so that you will remember Him at the time of slaughter, for He is the Creator and Provider. Nothing of its flesh or blood reaches Him, for He has no need...

فَإِذَا ٱسْتَوَيْتَ أَنتَ وَمَن مَّعَكَ عَلَى ٱلْفُلْكِ فَقُلِ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى نَجَّىٰنَا مِنَ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Fa izas tawaita ata wa mam ma'aka 'alal fulki faqulil hamdu lillaahil lazee najjaanaa minal qawmiz zalimeen

And when you have boarded the ship, you and those with you, then say, 'Praise to Allah who has saved us from the wrongdoing people.'

اور جب تم اور تمہارے ساتھی کشتی میں بیٹھ جاؤ تو (خدا کا شکر کرنا اور) کہنا کہ سب تعریف خدا ہی کو (سزاوار) ہے۔ جس نے ہم کو نجات بخشی ظالم لوگوں سے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَفَارَ‌ التَّنُّورُ‌ (And the oven gushes forth - 23:27). The word تَّنُّور‌ means oven which is used for making flat, round bread, and is also used in the sense of the whole earth. According to some people تَّنُّور‌ is a specific oven in the Kufah mosque, while others believe that it was somewhere...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And when you have settled when you are balanced in the Ark together with those with you say “Praise be to God Who has delivered us from the wrongdoing folk” from the disbelievers and the destruction that came upon them.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah tells us that Nuh, peace be upon him, invoked his Lord to help him against his people, as Allah mentions in another Ayah: فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنُّى مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ (Then he invoked his Lord (saying): "I have been overcome, so help (me)!") 54:10. Here he says: رَبِّ انصُرْنِى بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ...

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ ٱلَّيْلَ وَٱلنَّهَارَ خِلْفَةً لِّمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يَذَّكَّرَ أَوْ أَرَادَ شُكُورًا

Wa huwal lazee ja'alal laila wannahaara khilfatal liman araada ai yazzakkara aw araadaa shookooraa

And it is He who has made the night and the day in succession for whoever desires to remember or desires gratitude.

اور وہی تو ہے جس نے رات اور دن کو ایک دوسرے کے پیچھے آنے جانے والا بنایا۔ (یہ باتیں) اس شخص کے لئے جو غور کرنا چاہے یا شکرگزاری کا ارادہ کرے (سوچنے اور سمجھنے کی ہیں)

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: تَبَارَ‌كَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ بُرُ‌وجًا وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا سِرَ‌اجًا وَقَمَرً‌ا مُّنِيرً‌ا ﴿61﴾ وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ‌ خِلْفَةً لِّمَنْ أَرَ‌ادَ أَن يَذَّكَّرَ‌ أَوْ أَرَ‌ادَ شُكُورً‌ا ﴿62﴾ Glorious is the One who made stellar formations in the sky and placed therein a...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And He it is Who made the night and day to appear in succession that is one succeeding the other for him who desires to remember read yadhdhakkara or yadhkura as before Q. 2550 — so that if he misses the opportunity to do some good during the one he can do it during the other; or desires to be thank...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Mentioning the Might and Power of Allah Here Allah glorifies Himself and praises the beauty He created in the heavens of Al-Buruj, the giant stars, according to the view of Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Salih, Al-Hasan and Qatadah. This is like the Ayah, وَلَقَدْ زَيَّنَّا السَّمَآءَ الدُّنْيَا بِم...

وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا دَاوُۥدَ وَسُلَيْمَٰنَ عِلْمًا وَقَالَا ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى فَضَّلَنَا عَلَىٰ كَثِيرٍ مِّنْ عِبَادِهِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Wa laqad aatainaa Daawooda wa sulaimaana 'ilmaa; wa qaalal hamdu lil laahil lazee faddalanaa 'alaa kaseerim min 'ibaadihil mu'mineen

And We had certainly given to David and Solomon knowledge, and they said, "Praise [is due] to Allah, who has favored us over many of His believing servants."

اور ہم نے داؤد اور سلیمان کو علم بخشا اور انہوں نے کہا کہ خدا کا شکر ہے جس نے ہمیں بہت سے مومن بندوں پر فضلیت دی

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا دَاوُودَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ عِلْمًا And surely We gave knowledge to Dawud and Sulaiman. (27:15) The knowledge given to Sayyidna Dawud and Sulaiman (علیہما السلام) was obviously the special knowledge normally given to the prophets about their functions and obligations as proph...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We gave David and Solomon his son knowledge of rendering decisive judgement between people and knowledge of the speech of birds and of other things and they said giving thanks to God ‘Praise be to God Who has favoured us with prophethood and the disposal of jinn humans and devils to our s...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Dawud and Sulayman (peace be upon them), the organization of Sulayman's Troops and His passage through the Valley of the Ants Here Allah tells us about the great blessings and favors which He bestowed upon two of His servants and Prophets, Dawud (David) and his son Sulayman (Solomon), peace be upon ...

فَتَبَسَّمَ ضَاحِكًا مِّن قَوْلِهَا وَقَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِىٓ أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَٰلِدَىَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَٰلِحًا تَرْضَىٰهُ وَأَدْخِلْنِى بِرَحْمَتِكَ فِى عِبَادِكَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ

Fatabassama daahikam min qawlihaa wa qaala Rabbi awzi'nee an ashkura ni'mata kal lateee an'amta 'alaiya wa 'alaa waalidaiya wa an a'mala saalihan tardaahu wa adkhilnee birahmatika fee 'ibaadikas saaliheen

So [Solomon] smiled, amused at her speech, and said, "My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents and to do righteousness of which You approve. And admit me by Your mercy into [the ranks of] Your righteous servants."

تو وہ اس کی بات سن کر ہنس پڑے اور کہنے لگے کہ اے پروردگار! مجھے توفیق عطا فرما کہ جو احسان تونے مجھ پر اور میرے ماں باپ پر کئے ہیں ان کا شکر کروں اور ایسے نیک کام کروں کہ تو ان سے خوش ہوجائے اور مجھے اپنی رحمت سے اپنے نیک بندوں میں داخل فرما

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَالِحًا تَرْ‌ضَاهُ (and that I do the good deeds You like - 27:19). Here رضا (liking) means acceptance. Thus the meaning is ` Ya Allah! Grace me with Divine help for such righteous deeds which are acceptable to You'. From this it is argued in Ruh ul-Ma’ ani that it is not necessary ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Whereat he Solomon smiled fa-tabassama the beginning of the sentence amused dāhikan the end of the sentence at its words which he had heard from three miles away and which was carried to him by the winds. When he was on the verge of entering their valley he Solomon made his hosts halt until they the...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Dawud and Sulayman (peace be upon them), the organization of Sulayman's Troops and His passage through the Valley of the Ants Here Allah tells us about the great blessings and favors which He bestowed upon two of His servants and Prophets, Dawud (David) and his son Sulayman (Solomon), peace be upon ...

قَالَ ٱلَّذِى عِندَهُۥ عِلْمٌ مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ أَنَا۠ ءَاتِيكَ بِهِۦ قَبْلَ أَن يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ فَلَمَّا رَءَاهُ مُسْتَقِرًّا عِندَهُۥ قَالَ هَٰذَا مِن فَضْلِ رَبِّى لِيَبْلُوَنِىٓ ءَأَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ وَمَن شَكَرَ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِۦ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّى غَنِىٌّ كَرِيمٌ

Qaalal lazee indahoo 'ilmum minal Kitaabi ana aateeka bihee qabla ai yartadda ilaika tarfuk; falammaa ra aahu mustaqirran 'indahoo qaala haazaa min fadli Rabbee li yabluwaneee 'a-ashkuru am akfuru wa man shakara fa innamaa yashkuru linafsihee wa man kafara fa inna Rabbee Ghaniyyun Kareem

Said one who had knowledge from the Scripture, "I will bring it to you before your glance returns to you." And when [Solomon] saw it placed before him, he said, "This is from the favor of my Lord to test me whether I will be grateful or ungrateful. And whoever is grateful - his gratitude is only for [the benefit of] himself. And whoever is ungrateful - then indeed, my Lord is Free of need and Generous."

ایک شخص جس کو کتاب الہیٰ کا علم تھا کہنے لگا کہ میں آپ کی آنکھ کے جھپکنے سے پہلے پہلے اسے آپ کے پاس حاضر کئے دیتا ہوں۔ جب سلیمان نے تخت کو اپنے پاس رکھا ہوا دیکھا تو کہا کہ یہ میرے پروردگار کا فضل ہے تاکہ مجھے آزمائے کہ میں شکر کرتا ہوں یا کفران نعمت کرتا ہوں اور جو شکر کرتا ہے تو اپنے ہی فائدے کے لئے شکر کرتا ہے اور جو ناشکری کرتا ہے تو میرا پروردگار بےپروا (اور) کرم کرنے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ الَّذِي عِندَهُ عِلْمٌ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ (Said the one who had the knowledge of the book - 27:40). The question is as to who was this person? One possibility is that he was Sulaiman (علیہ السلام) himself, because his knowledge of the book of Allah was most extensive. In that case this incident ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: The one who had knowledge of the revealed Scripture — and this was one Āsif b. Barkhiyā a righteous individual with knowledge of God’s Greatest Name which when invoked in supplication for something it is immediately granted — said ‘I will bring it to you before your glance returns to you after you l...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How the Throne of Bilqis was brought in an Instant Muhammad bin Ishaq reported from Yazid bin Ruman: "When the messengers returned with word of what Sulayman said, she said: `By Allah, I knew he was more than a king, and that we have no power to match him, and that we can gain nothing by being stubb...

وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ

Wa innna Rabbaka lazoo fadlin 'alan naasi wa laakina aksarahum laa yashkuroon

And indeed, your Lord is full of bounty for the people, but most of them do not show gratitude."

اور تمہارا پروردگار تو لوگوں پر فضل کرنے والا ہے لیکن ان میں سے اکثر شکر نہیں کرتے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: بَلِ ادَّارَ‌كَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَ‌ةِ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهَا ۖ بَلْ هُم مِّنْهَا عَمُونَ ﴿66﴾ Rather, their knowledge failed in the matter of Hereafter. Rather, they are in doubt about it. Rather, they are blind to it. 27:66. There are different recitations for the word اِدّٰرَکَ (iddar...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And surely your Lord is bountiful to mankind an example of which is His deferring chastisement for the disbelievers but most of them are not thankful — disbelievers are not grateful for the deferring of chastisement since they reject the fact that it will ever come to pass.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَى هَـذَا الْوَعْدُ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ (And they say: "When (will) this promise (be fulfilled), if you are truthful") Allah said, responding to them: قُلْ (Say) `O Muhammad,' عَسَى أَن يَكُونَ رَدِفَ لَكُم بَعْضُ الَّذِى تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ (Perhaps that which you wish to hasten on,...

قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرًا لِّلْمُجْرِمِينَ

Qaala Rabbi bimaaa an'amta 'alaiya falan akoona zaheeral lilmujrimeen

He said, "My Lord, for the favor You bestowed upon me, I will never be an assistant to the criminals."

کہنے لگے کہ اے پروردگار تو نے جو مجھ پر مہربانی فرمائی ہے میں (آئندہ) کبھی گنہگاروں کا مددگار نہ بنوں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قَالَ رَ‌بِّ بِمَا أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرً‌ا لِّلْمُجْرِ‌مِينَ (He [ Musa ] said, "0 my Lord, since You have favoured me, I will never be a supporter to the sinners." -28:17). When Allah Ta’ ala pardoned this slip of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) he said in gratitude to Allah Ta` ala...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: He said ‘My Lord forasmuch as You have been gracious to me with forgiveness protect me so I will never be a partisan a supporter of the criminals’ the disbelievers henceforth if you were to protect me.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): How Musa killed a Coptic Man Having described Musa's beginnings, Allah then tells us that when he reached maturity, and was complete in stature, Allah gave him Hukm and religious knowledge. Mujahid said that this means prophethood. وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ (And thus do We reward the doers o...

وَمِن رَّحْمَتِهِۦ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلَّيْلَ وَٱلنَّهَارَ لِتَسْكُنُوا۟ فِيهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wa mir rahmatihee ja'ala lakumul laila wannahaara litaskunoo feehi wa litabtaghoo min fadlihee wa la'allakum tashkuroon

And out of His mercy He made for you the night and the day that you may rest therein and [by day] seek from His bounty and [that] perhaps you will be grateful.

اور اس نے اپنی رحمت سے تمہارے لئے رات کو اور دن کو بنایا تاکہ تم اس میں آرام کرو اور اس میں اس کا فضل تلاش کرو اور تاکہ شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: قُلْ أَرَ‌أَيْتُمْ إِن جَعَلَ اللَّـهُ عَلَيْكُمُ اللَّيْلَ سَرْ‌مَدًا إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ إِلَـٰهٌ غَيْرُ‌ اللَّـهِ يَأْتِيكُم بِضِيَاءٍ ۖ أَفَلَا تَسْمَعُونَ ﴿71﴾ قُلْ أَرَ‌أَيْتُمْ إِن جَعَلَ اللَّـهُ عَلَيْكُمُ النَّهَارَ‌ سَرْ‌مَدًا إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ إِلَـٰهٌ غَيْرُ‌ ا...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And of His mercy exalted be He He has made for you night and day that you may rest therein in the night and that you may seek in the day of His bounty to earn your livelihood that perhaps you might give thanks’ for the grace of God during both of these times.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Night and Day are among the Blessings of Allah and are Signs of Tawhid Allah reminds His servants of His favors towards them by subjugating for them the night and day, without which they could not survive. He explains that if He made the night continuous, lasting until the Day of Resurrection, that ...

وَمِنْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَن يُرْسِلَ ٱلرِّيَاحَ مُبَشِّرَٰتٍ وَلِيُذِيقَكُم مِّن رَّحْمَتِهِۦ وَلِتَجْرِىَ ٱلْفُلْكُ بِأَمْرِهِۦ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wa min Aayaatiheee anyyursilar riyaaha mubashshi raatinw wa li yuzeeqakum mir rahmatihee wa litajriyal fulku bi amrihee wa litabtaghoo min fadlihee wa la'allakum tashkuroon

And of His signs is that He sends the winds as bringers of good tidings and to let you taste His mercy and so the ships may sail at His command and so you may seek of His bounty, and perhaps you will be grateful.

اور اُسی کی نشانیوں میں سے ہے کہ ہواؤں کو بھیجتا ہے کہ خوشخبری دیتی ہیں تاکہ تم کو اپنی رحمت کے مزے چکھائے اور تاکہ اس کے حکم سے کشتیاں چلیں اور تاکہ اس کے فضل سے (روزی) طلب کرو عجب نہیں کہ تم شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary ظَهَرَ‌ الْفَسَادُ فِي الْبَرِّ‌ وَالْبَحْرِ‌ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ (Plight has appeared on land and sea because of what the hands of the people have earned 30:41). The author of Ruh ul-Ma’ ani has explained that the word fasad' (translated in the text as 'plight' ) means all so...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And of His signs exalted be He is that He unleashes the winds as bearers of good tidings meaning so that they may bring you good tidings of rain and that He may let you taste thereby of His mercy namely in the way of rain and fertile soil and that the ships may run thereby by His command by His will...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Among the Signs of Allah are the Winds Here Allah mentions the favor He does for His creatures by sending winds to them, as harbingers of His mercy, meaning that they will be followed by rain. Allah says: وَلِيُذِيقَكُمْ مِّن رَّحْمَتِهِ (giving you a taste of His mercy,) that is, the rain which wil...

وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا لُقْمَٰنَ ٱلْحِكْمَةَ أَنِ ٱشْكُرْ لِلَّهِ وَمَن يَشْكُرْ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِۦ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِىٌّ حَمِيدٌ

Wa laqad aatainaa Luqmaanal hikmata anishkur lillaah; wa many yashkur fa innamaa yashkuru linafsihee wa man kafara fa innal laaha Ghaniyyun Hameed

And We had certainly given Luqman wisdom [and said], "Be grateful to Allah." And whoever is grateful is grateful for [the benefit of] himself. And whoever denies [His favor] - then indeed, Allah is Free of need and Praiseworthy.

اور ہم نے لقمان کو دانائی بخشی۔ کہ خدا کا شکر کرو۔ اور جو شخص شکر کرتا ہے تو اپنے ہی فائدے کے لئے شکر کرتا ہے۔ اور جو ناشکری کرتا ہے تو خدا بھی بےپروا اور سزاوار حمد (وثنا) ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Who was Luqman (علیہ السلام) mentioned in verse 12: وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا لُقْمَانَ الْحِكْمَةَ (And We gave wisdom to Luqman)? According to a report of Wahb Ibn Munnabih, Luqman, (علیہ السلام) was a nephew of Sayyidna Ayyub (Job) (علیہ السلام) while Muqatil identifies him as his brother from...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And verily We gave Luqmān wisdom comprising knowledge religiousness and right-mindedness in speech; his many wisdoms are well-known. He used to give legal opinions in matters of religion before David was summoned to prophethood but lived on into the latter’s summoning. He then took to acquiring know...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Luqman The Salaf differed over the identity of Luqman; there are two opinions: was he a Prophet or just a righteous servant of Allah without the prophethood The majority favored the latter view, that he was a righteous servant of Allah without being a Prophet. Sufyan Ath-Thawri said, narrating from ...

وَوَصَّيْنَا ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُۥ وَهْنًا عَلَىٰ وَهْنٍ وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ فِى عَامَيْنِ أَنِ ٱشْكُرْ لِى وَلِوَٰلِدَيْكَ إِلَىَّ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

Wa wassainal bi waalidaihi hamalat hu ummuhoo wahnan 'alaa wahninw wa fisaaluhoo fee 'aamaini anishkur lee wa liwaalidaika ilaiyal maseer

And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him, [increasing her] in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the [final] destination.

اور ہم نے انسان کو جسے اُس کی ماں تکلیف پر تکلیف سہہ کر پیٹ میں اُٹھائے رکھتی ہے (پھر اس کو دودھ پلاتی ہے) اور (آخرکار) دو برس میں اس کا دودھ چھڑانا ہوتا ہے (اپنے نیز) اس کے ماں باپ کے بارے میں تاکید کی ہے کہ میرا بھی شکر کرتا رہ اور اپنے ماں باپ کا بھی (کہ تم کو) میری ہی طرف لوٹ کر آنا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَىٰ وَهْنٍ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ‌ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ‌ ﴿14﴾ وَإِن جَاهَدَاكَ عَلَىٰ أَن تُشْرِ‌كَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا ۖ وَصَاحِبْهُمَا فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعْرُ‌وفًا ۖ و...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We have enjoined man concerning his parents We commanded him to be dutiful towards them — his mother bears him and weakens in weakness after weakness that is to say she is weakened by the pregnancy the pains of labour and the delivery; and his weaning is in two years and We said to him to man ‘G...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Luqman's Advice to His Son Allah tells us how Luqman advised his son. His full name was Luqman bin `Anqa' bin Sadun, and his son's name was Tharan, according to a saying quoted by As-Suhayli. Allah describes him in the best terms, and states that he granted him wisdom. Luqman advised his son, the cl...

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱلْفُلْكَ تَجْرِى فِى ٱلْبَحْرِ بِنِعْمَتِ ٱللَّهِ لِيُرِيَكُم مِّنْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَٰتٍ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَكُورٍ

Alam tara annal fulka tajree fil bahri bini'matil laahi li yuriyakum min Aayaatih; inna fee zaalika la Aayaatil likulli sabbaarin shakoor

Do you not see that ships sail through the sea by the favor of Allah that He may show you of His signs? Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

کیا تم نے نہیں دیکھا کہ خدا ہی کی مہربانی سے کشتیاں دریا میں چلتی ہیں۔ تاکہ وہ تم کو اپنی کچھ نشانیاں دکھائے۔ بیشک اس میں ہر صبر کرنے والے (اور) شکر کرنے والے کے لئے نشانیاں ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: This has been stated in the verse: وَلَوْ أَنَّمَا فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ مِن شَجَرَ‌ةٍ أَقْلَامٌ (27) through a similitude. Says the similitude: 'If all trees that are on the earth were to be pens (or pens were to be made of all branches on them) and the ocean (converted into ink) is supported by seven sea...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Have you not seen that the ships run upon the sea by the grace of God that He may show you O you who are being addressed in this statement some of His signs? Surely in that there are signs lessons for every servant who is steadfast in abstaining from acts of disobedience to God grateful for His grac...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah tells us that He is the One Who has subjugated the sea so that ships may sail on it by His com"See the full heading"Allah tells us that He is the One Who has subjugated the sea so thatships may sail on it by His command, i.e. , by His grace and power For if He did not give the water the streng...

يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُۥ مَا يَشَآءُ مِن مَّحَٰرِيبَ وَتَمَٰثِيلَ وَجِفَانٍ كَٱلْجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٍ رَّاسِيَٰتٍ ٱعْمَلُوٓا۟ ءَالَ دَاوُۥدَ شُكْرًا وَقَلِيلٌ مِّنْ عِبَادِىَ ٱلشَّكُورُ

Ya'maloona lahoo ma yashaaa'u mim mahaareeba wa tamaaseela wa jifaanin kaljawaabi wa qudoorir raasiyaat; i'maloo aala Daawooda shukraa; wa qaleelum min 'ibaadiyash shakoor

They made for him what he willed of elevated chambers, statues, bowls like reservoirs, and stationary kettles. [We said], "Work, O family of David, in gratitude." And few of My servants are grateful.

وہ جو چاہتے یہ ان کے لئے بناتے یعنی قلعے اور مجسمے اور (بڑے بڑے) لگن جیسے تالاب اور دیگیں جو ایک ہی جگہ رکھی رہیں۔ اے داؤد کی اولاد (میرا) شکر کرو اور میرے بندوں میں شکرگزار تھوڑے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 13: يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُ مَا يَشَاءُ مِن مَّحَارِ‌يبَ وَتَمَاثِيلَ وَجِفَانٍ كَالْجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٍ‌ رَّ‌اسِيَاتٍ (They used to make for him whatever he wished of castles, images, basins as (large as) tanks and big cook-wares fixed in their places), there is a somewhat detailed description of t...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They fashioned for him whatever he wished lofty shrines mahārīb are high edifices which are ascended by stairs and statues tamāthīl is the plural of timthāl which is any thing which you fashion as a likeness of another in other words brass crystal or marble figures — the use of figures was not prohi...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Favors which Allah bestowed upon Sulayman Having mentioned the blessings with which He favored Dawud, Allah follows this by mentioning what He gave to Dawud's son Sulayman (Solomon), may peace be upon them both. He subjugated the wind to him, so that it would carry his carpet one way for a month...

لَقَدْ كَانَ لِسَبَإٍ فِى مَسْكَنِهِمْ ءَايَةٌ جَنَّتَانِ عَن يَمِينٍ وَشِمَالٍ كُلُوا۟ مِن رِّزْقِ رَبِّكُمْ وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ لَهُۥ بَلْدَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ وَرَبٌّ غَفُورٌ

Laqad kaana li Saba-in fee maskanihim Aayatun jannataani 'ai yameeninw wa shimaalin kuloo mir rizq Rabbikum washkuroolah; baldatun taiyibatunw wa Rabbun Ghafoor

There was for [the tribe of] Saba' in their dwelling place a sign: two [fields of] gardens on the right and on the left. [They were told], "Eat from the provisions of your Lord and be grateful to Him. A good land [have you], and a forgiving Lord."

(اہل) سبا کے لئے ان کے مقام بودوباش میں ایک نشانی تھی (یعنی) دو باغ (ایک) داہنی طرف اور (ایک) بائیں طرف۔ اپنے پروردگار کا رزق کھاؤ اور اس کا شکر کرو۔ (یہاں تمہارے رہنے کو یہ) پاکیزہ شہر ہے اور (وہاں بخشنے کو) خدائے غفار

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In previous verses, warning was given to those who denied prophethood and the Day of Judgment and failed to realize that the power of Allah Ta’ ala was most perfect. Reference was then made to miracles shown at the hands of past prophets and mention was made of the events relating to Sayy...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Verily there was for Sheba Saba’ declined as li-Saba’in or left as indeclinable li-Saba’a is the name of a tribe that took its name from one of their Arab ancestors in their dwelling-place in Yemen a sign indicating God’s power exalted be He two gardens jannatān a substitution for āyatun ‘a sign’ to...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Disbelief of Saba' (Sheba) and Their Punishment Saba' refers to the kings and people of the Yemen. At-Tababa`ah (Tubba`) surname of the ancient kings of Yemen were part of them, and Bilqis, the queen who met Sulayman, peace be upon him, was also one of them. They lived a life of enviable luxury ...

فَقَالُوا۟ رَبَّنَا بَٰعِدْ بَيْنَ أَسْفَارِنَا وَظَلَمُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ فَجَعَلْنَٰهُمْ أَحَادِيثَ وَمَزَّقْنَٰهُمْ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَٰتٍ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَكُورٍ

Faqaaloo Rabbanaa baa'id baina asfaarinaa wa zalamooo anfusahum faja'alnaahum ahaadeesa wa mazzaq naahum kulla mumazzaq; inna fee zaalika la Aayaatil likulli sabbaarin shakoor

But [insolently] they said, "Our Lord, lengthen the distance between our journeys," and wronged themselves, so We made them narrations and dispersed them in total dispersion. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

تو انہوں نے دعا کی کہ اے پروردگار ہماری مسافتوں میں بُعد (اور طول پیدا) کردے اور (اس سے) انہوں نے اپنے حق میں ظلم کیا تو ہم نے (انہیں نابود کرکے) ان کے افسانے بنادیئے اور انہیں بالکل منتشر کردیا۔ اس میں ہر صابر وشاکر کے لئے نشانیاں ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Verse 19 opens with the statement: فَقَالُوا رَ‌بَّنَا بَاعِدْ بَيْنَ أَسْفَارِ‌نَا وَظَلَمُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ فَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَحَادِيثَ وَمَزَّقْنَاهُمْ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ (Then they said," Our Lord, make (the phases of) our journeys more distant." And they wronged themselves, therefore We turned them in...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: But they said ‘Our Lord make far apart ba‘‘id a variant reading has bā‘id the stages of our travel’ to Syria make these stages through deserts so that they could glory before the poor in riding their camels and bearing their supplies and water and so they behaved wantonly with the graces bestowed on...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Trade of Saba' and Their Destruction Allah tells us about the blessings which the people of Saba' enjoyed, and the luxuries and plentiful provision which was theirs in their land, with its secure dwellings and towns which were joined to one another, with many trees, crops and fruits. When they t...

وَمَا يَسْتَوِى ٱلْبَحْرَانِ هَٰذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ سَآئِغٌ شَرَابُهُۥ وَهَٰذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ وَمِن كُلٍّ تَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمًا طَرِيًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِجُونَ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا وَتَرَى ٱلْفُلْكَ فِيهِ مَوَاخِرَ لِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Wa maa yastawil bahraani haaza 'azbun furaatun saaa'ighun sharaabuhoo wa haazaa milhun ujaaj; wa min kullin taakuloona lahman tariyyanw wa tastakhrijoona hilyatan talbasoonahaa wa taral fulka feehi mawaakhira litabtaghoo min fadlihee wa la'allakm tashkuroon

And not alike are the two bodies of water. One is fresh and sweet, palatable for drinking, and one is salty and bitter. And from each you eat tender meat and extract ornaments which you wear, and you see the ships plowing through [them] that you might seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.

اور دونوں دریا (مل کر) یکساں نہیں ہوجاتے۔ یہ تو میٹھا ہے پیاس بجھانے والا۔ جس کا پانی خوشگوار ہے اور یہ کھاری ہے کڑوا۔ اور سب سے تم تازہ گوشت کھاتے ہو اور زیور نکالتے ہو جسے پہنتے ہو۔ اور تم دریا میں کشتیوں کو دیکھتے ہو کہ (پانی کو) پھاڑتی چلی آتی ہیں تاکہ تم اس کے فضل سے (معاش) تلاش کرو اور تاکہ شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the next verse: وَمِن كُلٍّ تَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمًا طَرِ‌يًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِ‌جُونَ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا (And from each, you eat fresh meat, and derive ornaments that you wear - 35:12), it is being said that one gets fresh meat, that is, fish to eat from both waters, sweet or brackish. In this verse,...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Nor are the two kinds of seas alike this one is extremely sweet pleasant to drink and that one is salty extremely bitter. Yet from each of the two you eat fresh meat namely fish and obtain from the salt — and it is also said from both of them — ornaments which you wear namely pearls and coral. And y...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Blessings and Signs of Allah Allah says, pointing out His mighty power in creating different things, how He has created the two seas (kinds of water). The fresh, palatable sea (kind of water) refers to the rivers which flow among people, rivers great and small according to people's needs in all ...

لِيَأْكُلُوا۟ مِن ثَمَرِهِۦ وَمَا عَمِلَتْهُ أَيْدِيهِمْ أَفَلَا يَشْكُرُونَ

Liyaakuloo min samarihee wa maa 'amilat-hu aideehim; afalaa yashkuroon

That they may eat of His fruit. And their hands have not produced it, so will they not be grateful?

تاکہ یہ ان کے پھل کھائیں اور ان کے ہاتھوں نے تو ان کو نہیں بنایا تو پھر یہ شکر کیوں نہیں کرتے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the first verse (33), the land on which we live has been cited as an example. It is there, all the time, before everyone., It is physically seen, when rain come down from the sky and pour water over the dry land, that it is revived by the rain which makes it, so to say, live again. The outcome st...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: that they might eat of its fruits read thamarihi or thumurihi in other words of the fruits of the mentioned date-palms and otherwise; but it was not their hands that made it namely they did not cultivate the fruits. Will they not then give thanks? for His favours to them exalted be He?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Proof of the Creator of the Universe and of Life after Death Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, says: وَءَايَةٌ لَّهُمُ (And a sign for them) means, evidence for them of the existence of the Creator and His perfect power and ability to resurrect the dead, الاٌّرْضُ الْمَيْتَةُ (is the dead land...

وَلَهُمْ فِيهَا مَنَٰفِعُ وَمَشَارِبُ أَفَلَا يَشْكُرُونَ

Wa lahum feehaa manaa fi'u wa mashaarib; afalaa yashkuroon

And for them therein are [other] benefits and drinks, so will they not be grateful?

اور ان میں ان کے لئے (اور) فائدے اور پینے کی چیزیں ہیں۔ تو یہ شکر کیوں نہیں کرتے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 72: وَذَلَّلْنَاهَا لَهُمْ (And We have brought them under their control), yet another favor and blessing has been pointed to. If one were to look at the camel, horse, elephant, ox and other animals, it will be realized that they are seemingly far stronger than human beings. Man is weak as ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And there are other benefits for them therein such as their wool fur and hairs and drinks made from their milk mashārib is the plural of mashrab meaning shurb ‘a drink’; or what is meant is the place from which the drink issues. Will they not then give thanks? to the One Who has bestowed these grace...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): There is a Sign and a Blessing in Cattle Allah mentions the blessing that He has bestowed upon His creation by subjugating these cattle for their use. فَهُمْ لَهَا مَـلِكُونَ (so that they are their owners.) Qatadah said, "They are their masters." Meaning, He has made them subdue them. So they are s...

وَلَوْلَا نِعْمَةُ رَبِّى لَكُنتُ مِنَ ٱلْمُحْضَرِينَ

Wa law laa ni'matu Rabbee lakuntu minal muhdareen

If not for the favor of my Lord, I would have been of those brought in [to Hell].

اور اگر میرے پروردگار کی مہربانی نہ ہوتی تو میں بھی ان میں ہوتا جو (عذاب میں) حاضر کئے گئے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: An inmate of Jannah and his disbelieving acquaintance After having described the general condition of the people of Jannah, one of them has been mentioned particularly. Once he has settled down with other inmates of Jannah, he will recall a disbelieving acquaintance who denied the possibility of the...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And had it not been for the favour of my Lord His grace to me in giving me faith I too would have been of those arraigned’ with you in the Fire. The inhabitants of Paradise will say
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The gathering of the People of Paradise, and the exchange between One of Them and His Counterpart in Allah tells us how the people of Paradise will turn to one another, asking one another about their situation, how they were in this world and what they suffered. This is part of their conversation wh...

إِن تَكْفُرُوا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِىٌّ عَنكُمْ وَلَا يَرْضَىٰ لِعِبَادِهِ ٱلْكُفْرَ وَإِن تَشْكُرُوا۟ يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُم مَّرْجِعُكُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ

In takfuroo fa innal laaha ghaniyyun 'ankum; wa laa yardaa li'ibaadihil kufra wa in tashkuroo yardahu lakum; wa laa taziru waaziratunw wizra ukhraa; summa ilaa Rabikum marji'ukum fa-yunabbi'ukum bimaa kuntum ta'maloon; innahoo 'aleemum bizaatissudoor

If you disbelieve - indeed, Allah is Free from need of you. And He does not approve for His servants disbelief. And if you are grateful, He approves it for you; and no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return, and He will inform you about what you used to do. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.

اگر ناشکری کرو گے تو خدا تم سے بےپروا ہے۔ اور وہ اپنے بندوں کے لئے ناشکری پسند نہیں کرتا اور اگر شکر کرو گے تو وہ اس کو تمہارے لئے پسند کرے گا۔ اور کوئی اٹھانے والا دوسرے کا بوجھ نہیں اٹھائے گا۔ پھر تم اپنے پروردگار کی طرف لوٹنا ہے۔ پھر جو کچھ تم کرتے رہے وہ تم کو بتائے گا۔ وہ تو دلوں کی پوشیدہ باتوں تک سے آگاہ ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary In the opening verse (7), it was said: إِن تَكْفُرُ‌وا فَإِنَّ اللَّـهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنكُمْ (If you disbelieve, then, Allah does not need you at all,) that is, neither does your faith bring any benefit to Allah Ta’ ala, nor does your disbelief or ingratitude, any loss. According to a Hadith i...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: If you are ungrateful indeed God is Independent of you though He does not approve of ingratitude for His servants even if He should will it to manifest itself in some of them. And if you give thanks to God and thus become believers He will approve of it read yardah or yardahu either lengthening the ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah hates Disbelief and is pleased with Gratitude Allah tells us that He is Independent and has no need of anything in creation. This is like the Ayah in which Musa, peace be upon him, says: إِن تَكْفُرُواْ أَنتُمْ وَمَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِىٌّ حَمِيدٌ ("If you disbelieve,...

بَلِ ٱللَّهَ فَٱعْبُدْ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ

Balil laahha fa'bud wa kum minash shaakireen

Rather, worship [only] Allah and be among the grateful.

بلکہ خدا ہی کی عبادت کرو اور شکرگزاروں میں ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The word: مَقَالِيدُ (maqalid) in: لَّهُ مَقَالِيدُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْ‌ضِ (To Him belong the keys to the heavens and the earth.- 39:63) is the plural form of: مِقلاد (miqlad) or: مِقلِید (miqlid) meaning a key. It has been said that this word has really been Arabicized from the Persi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Rather worship God alone and be among the thankful of His bestowal of graces on you.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah is the Creator and Controller, and associating others in worship with Him cancels out Good ... Allah tells us that He is the Creator, Lord, Sovereign and Controller of all things; everything is subject to His dominion, power and guardianship. لَّهُ مَقَالِيدُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ (To Him b...

وَقَالُوا۟ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى صَدَقَنَا وَعْدَهُۥ وَأَوْرَثَنَا ٱلْأَرْضَ نَتَبَوَّأُ مِنَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ نَشَآءُ فَنِعْمَ أَجْرُ ٱلْعَٰمِلِينَ

Wa waalull hamdulillaahil lazee sadaqanaa wa'dahoo wa awrasanal arda natabaw wa-u minal jannati haisu nashaaa'u fani'ma ajrul 'aamileen

And they will say, "Praise to Allah, who has fulfilled for us His promise and made us inherit the earth [so] we may settle in Paradise wherever we will. And excellent is the reward of [righteous] workers."

وہ کہیں گے کہ خدا کا شکر ہے جس نے اپنے وعدہ کو ہم سے سچا کردیا اور ہم کو اس زمین کا وارث بنا دیا ہم بہشت میں جس مکان میں چاہیں رہیں تو (اچھے) عمل کرنے والوں کا بدلہ بھی کیسا خوب ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In verse 74, it was said: نَتَبَوَّأُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ نَشَاءُ (we can dwell anywhere we wish in Jannah). The sense is that, apart from their own special dwelling places, the people of Jannah will be allowed to visit others there and take pleasure trips around. Tabarani, Abu Nu'aym and Diya', ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And they will say this is a supplement to the implicit response dakhalūhā ‘they enter it’ ‘Praise be to God Who has fulfilled His promise to us of Paradise and has made us inherit the land the land of Paradise that we may settle in Paradise wherever we wish’ for it is all Paradise and there is no sp...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Believers will be taken to Paradise Here Allah tells us about the blessed believers, who will be taken to Paradise in groups, one group after another, starting with the best of them: those who are closest to Allah, then the most righteous, then the next best and the next best. Each group will be...

إِن يَشَأْ يُسْكِنِ ٱلرِّيحَ فَيَظْلَلْنَ رَوَاكِدَ عَلَىٰ ظَهْرِهِۦٓ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَـَٔايَٰتٍ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَكُورٍ

Iny yashaaa yuskinir reeha fa yazlalna rawaakida 'alaa zahirh; inna fee zaalika la Aayaatil likulli sabbaarin shakoor

If He willed, He could still the wind, and they would remain motionless on its surface. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

اگر خدا چاہے تو ہوا کو ٹھیرا دے اور جہاز اس کی سطح پر کھڑے رہ جائیں۔ تمام صبر اور شکر کرنے والوں کے لئے ان (باتوں) میں قدرت خدا کے نمونے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَمَا أَصَابَكُم مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُو عَن كَثِيرٍ‌ (And whatever hardship befalls you is because of what your own hands have committed, while He overlooks many [ of your faults ].... 42:30) means exactly the same. Sayyidna Hasan ؓ has narrated that when this verse w...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: If He will He stills the wind whereat they remain they become motionless fixed not moving on its surface. Surely in that there are signs for every steadfast grateful servant — this is the believer who is steadfast during hardship and grateful in times of comfort.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Ships are also among the Signs of Allah Allah tells us that another sign of His great power and dominion is the fact that He has subjugated the sea so that ships may sail in it by His command, so they sail in the sea like mountains. This was the view of Mujahid, Al-Hasan, As-Suddi and Ad-Dahhak. In ...

لِتَسْتَوُۥا۟ عَلَىٰ ظُهُورِهِۦ ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَةَ رَبِّكُمْ إِذَا ٱسْتَوَيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَتَقُولُوا۟ سُبْحَٰنَ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُۥ مُقْرِنِينَ

Litastawoo 'alaa zuhoorihee summa tazkuroo ni'mata Rabbikum izastawaitum 'alaihi wa taqooloo Subhaanal lazee sakhkhara lana haaza wa maa kunnaa lahoo muqrineen

That you may settle yourselves upon their backs and then remember the favor of your Lord when you have settled upon them and say. "Exalted is He who has subjected this to us, and we could not have [otherwise] subdued it.

تاکہ تم ان کی پیٹھ پر چڑھ بیٹھو اور جب اس پر بیٹھ جاؤ پھر اپنے پروردگار کے احسان کو یاد کرو اور کہو کہ وہ (ذات) پاک ہے جس نے اس کو ہمارے زیر فرمان کر دیا اور ہم میں طاقت نہ تھی کہ اس کو بس میں کرلیتے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُ‌وا نِعْمَةَ رَ‌بِّكُمْ (then recall the favour of your Lord - 13). This tells us that a sensible and alert person should not display negligence, carelessness or his need-free of the divine help while enjoying the blessings of the Actual Benefactor, rather he should acknowledge that it...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: that you may sit that you may find a firm position upon their backs He has made the suffixed pronoun a masculine plural and rendered zahr ‘back’ plural because of the particle mā and its plural import; and then remember your Lord’s grace when you are settled on them and say ‘Glory be to Him Who has ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Idolators' admission that Allah is the Sole Creator, and Further Evidence of that Allah says: `If you, O Muhammad, were to ask these idolators who associate others with Allah and worship others besides Him,' مَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ خَلَقَهُنَّ الْعَزِيزُ الْعَلِيمُ ("W...

ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلْبَحْرَ لِتَجْرِىَ ٱلْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِۦ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Allaahul lazee sahkhara lakumul bahra litajriyal fulku feehi bi amrihee wa litabtaghoo min fadlihee wa la'allakum tashkuroon

It is Allah who subjected to you the sea so that ships may sail upon it by His command and that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.

خدا ہی تو ہے جس نے دریا کو تمہارے قابو کردیا تاکہ اس کے حکم سے اس میں کشتیاں چلیں اور تاکہ تم اس کے فضل سے (معاش) تلاش کرو اور تاکہ شکر کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary اللَّـهُ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ‌ لَكُمُ الْبَحْرَ‌ لِتَجْرِ‌يَ الْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِ‌هِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا مِن فَضْلِهِ ("Allah is the One who has subjugated for you the sea, so that you may seek His grace, ... 45:12) ". Generally, when Qur'an uses the expression ` to seek His grace' it refers to...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: God it is Who disposed for you the sea so that the ships may sail upon it by His command by His permission and that you may seek that you may request by way of trade of His bounty and that perhaps you may give thanks.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Subjugation of the Sea, etc., is among Allah's Signs Allah the Exalted mentions some of the favors He gave to His servants, such as subjecting the sea for their service, لِتَجْرِىَ الْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِ (that ships may sail through the sea by His command,) i.e., of Allah the Exalted, Who or...

وَوَصَّيْنَا ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ إِحْسَٰنًا حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُۥ كُرْهًا وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهًا وَحَمْلُهُۥ وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ ثَلَٰثُونَ شَهْرًا حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِىٓ أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَٰلِدَىَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَٰلِحًا تَرْضَىٰهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِى فِى ذُرِّيَّتِىٓ إِنِّى تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّى مِنَ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ

Wa wassainal insaana biwaalidaihi ihsaanan hamalathu ummuhoo kurhanw-wa wada'athu kurhanw wa hamluhoo wa fisaaluhoo salaasoona shahraa; hattaaa izaa balagha ashuddahoo wa balagho arba'eena sanatan qaala Rabbi aqzi'neee an ashkura ni'matakal lateee an'amta 'alaiya wa 'alaa waalidaiya wa an a'mala saalihan tardaahu wa aslih lee fee zurriyyatee innee tubtu ilaika wa innee minal muslimeen

And We have enjoined upon man, to his parents, good treatment. His mother carried him with hardship and gave birth to him with hardship, and his gestation and weaning [period] is thirty months. [He grows] until, when he reaches maturity and reaches [the age of] forty years, he says, "My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents and to work righteousness of which You will approve and make righteous for me my offspring. Indeed, I have repented to You, and indeed, I am of the Muslims."

اور ہم نے انسان کو اپنے والدین کے ساتھ بھلائی کرنے کا حکم دیا۔ اس کی ماں نے اس کو تکلیف سے پیٹ میں رکھا اور تکلیف ہی سے جنا۔ اور اس کا پیٹ میں رہنا اور دودھ چھوڑنا ڈھائی برس میں ہوتا ہے۔ یہاں تک کہ جب خوب جوان ہوتا ہے اور چالیس برس کو پہنچ جاتا ہے تو کہتا ہے کہ اے میرے پروردگار مجھے توفیق دے کہ تو نے جو احسان مجھ پر اور میرے ماں باپ پر کئے ہیں ان کا شکر گزار ہوں اور یہ کہ نیک عمل کروں جن کو تو پسند کرے۔ اور میرے لئے میری اولاد میں صلاح (وتقویٰ) دے۔ میں تیری طرف رجوع کرتا ہوں اور میں فرمانبرداروں میں ہوں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In any case, the real subject of these four verses is to instruct man to behave beautifully with one's parents, and in that context there are other instructions also. Although some narrations of hadith indicate that these verses were revealed about Sayyidna Abu Bakr ؓ ، it is obvious that even if an...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We have enjoined man to be kind husnan a variant reading has ihsānan that is to say We have commanded him to act kindly towards both of them thus ihsānan is in the accusative as a verbal noun because of the implied verbal action; the same applies to husnan to his parents. His mother carries him ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah's Advice about the Parents After mentioning that one must confess His Oneness, worship Him with sincerity, and remain upright in obeying Him, Allah follows that by giving instructions regarding the parents. These appear together in many places of the Qur'an, such as Allah's saying, وَقَضَى رَب...

نِّعْمَةً مِّنْ عِندِنَا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى مَن شَكَرَ

Ni'matam min 'indinaa; kazaalika najzee man shakar

As favor from us. Thus do We reward he who is grateful.

اپنے فضل سے۔ شکر کرنے والوں کو ہم ایسا ہی بدلہ دیا کرتے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Lexicological Analysis The word سُعُر su'ur has appeared twice in this Surah. First it has appeared in verse 24 in connection with the people of Thamud where it is their own word, and means 'madness or insanity'. The second time, the word appears in connection with the punishment of the sinners wher...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: as a grace ni‘matan is a verbal noun that is to say in‘āman ‘an act of grace’ from Us. So like that requital do We requite him who gives thanks for Our graces and is a believer or it means him who is a believer in God and His messenger and is obedient to both.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Story of the People of the Prophet Lut Allah the Exalted states that the people of Lut defied and denied their Messenger and committed sodomy, the awful immoral sin that no people in the history of mankind had committed before. This is why Allah destroyed them with a type of torment that He neve...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: ذَوَاتَا أَفْنَانٍ (both having lot of branches...55:48). This describes the first two Gardens. There will be plenty of trees abounding in. branches and consequently their shade will be dense, and the fruits will be in abundance. The other two Gardens are described later. No such qualities are menti...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Delight of Those Who have Taqwa in Paradise Allah the Exalted said, وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ (But for him who fears the standing before his Lord,) on the Day of Resurrection, وَنَهَى النَّفْسَ عَنِ الْهَوَى (And restrained himself from the desires.) (79:40), and does not indulge nor prefer...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فِيهِمَا مِن كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ زَوْجَانِ (In both there are two kinds of every fruit...52). The phrase مِن كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ "of every fruit " denotes that the first two gardens will comprehend all kinds of fruit. As opposed to this, verse [ 68] simply states فَاكِهَةٍ fakihah [=fruits ] about the secon...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Delight of Those Who have Taqwa in Paradise Allah the Exalted said, وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ (But for him who fears the standing before his Lord,) on the Day of Resurrection, وَنَهَى النَّفْسَ عَنِ الْهَوَى (And restrained himself from the desires.) (79:40), and does not indulge nor prefer...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فِيهِمَا مِن كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ زَوْجَانِ (In both there are two kinds of every fruit...52). The phrase مِن كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ "of every fruit " denotes that the first two gardens will comprehend all kinds of fruit. As opposed to this, verse [ 68] simply states فَاكِهَةٍ fakihah [=fruits ] about the secon...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مُتَّكِئِينَ (Reclining), in reference to the residents of Paradise, who will recline or sit cross-legged; عَلَى فُرُشٍ بَطَآئِنُهَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ (upon the couches lined with Istabraq,) which is thick silk brocade, according to `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah. Abu `Imran Al-Jawni said, "It is t...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلَا جَانٌّ (...whom neither a man will have touched before them, nor a Jinn....55:56). The word طْمِث tamth has different meanings. 'Menstrual discharge' is termed as tamth, and the menstruating woman as طْامِث 'tamith'. It also means 'sexual intercourse with a ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مُتَّكِئِينَ (Reclining), in reference to the residents of Paradise, who will recline or sit cross-legged; عَلَى فُرُشٍ بَطَآئِنُهَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ (upon the couches lined with Istabraq,) which is thick silk brocade, according to `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah. Abu `Imran Al-Jawni said, "It is t...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلَا جَانٌّ (...whom neither a man will have touched before them, nor a Jinn....55:56). The word طْمِث tamth has different meanings. 'Menstrual discharge' is termed as tamth, and the menstruating woman as طْامِث 'tamith'. It also means 'sexual intercourse with a ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مُتَّكِئِينَ (Reclining), in reference to the residents of Paradise, who will recline or sit cross-legged; عَلَى فُرُشٍ بَطَآئِنُهَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ (upon the couches lined with Istabraq,) which is thick silk brocade, according to `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah. Abu `Imran Al-Jawni said, "It is t...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ (Is there any reward for goodness other than goodness?...55:60). Having described the two Gardens for the intimate believers, it is declared as a principle that a good deed attracts a good reward. The righteous believers will be blessed, therefore, with ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): مُتَّكِئِينَ (Reclining), in reference to the residents of Paradise, who will recline or sit cross-legged; عَلَى فُرُشٍ بَطَآئِنُهَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ (upon the couches lined with Istabraq,) which is thick silk brocade, according to `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah. Abu `Imran Al-Jawni said, "It is t...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ (Is there any reward for goodness other than goodness?...55:60). Having described the two Gardens for the intimate believers, it is declared as a principle that a good deed attracts a good reward. The righteous believers will be blessed, therefore, with ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: مُدْهَامَّتَانِ (both dark green!...55:64). This is one word verse, and it means 'dark green with foliage'. The word is derived from idhimam signifying, for a meadow or garden, to become of dark green hue inclining to black by reason of abundance of moisture or irrigation. This description is not as...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: مُدْهَامَّتَانِ (both dark green!...55:64). This is one word verse, and it means 'dark green with foliage'. The word is derived from idhimam signifying, for a meadow or garden, to become of dark green hue inclining to black by reason of abundance of moisture or irrigation. This description is not as...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: مُدْهَامَّتَانِ (both dark green!...55:64). This is one word verse, and it means 'dark green with foliage'. The word is derived from idhimam signifying, for a meadow or garden, to become of dark green hue inclining to black by reason of abundance of moisture or irrigation. This description is not as...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فِيهِنَّ خَيْرَ‌اتٌ حِسَانٌ (In them there are women, good and gorgeous,...55:70) The word خَيْرَ‌اتٌ khairat (translated above as 'good' ) refers to 'the good character of those women'; and the word حِسَانٌ hisan (translated above as 'gorgeous' ) refers to 'women who have beautiful features'. These...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فِيهِنَّ خَيْرَ‌اتٌ حِسَانٌ (In them there are women, good and gorgeous,...55:70) The word خَيْرَ‌اتٌ khairat (translated above as 'good' ) refers to 'the good character of those women'; and the word حِسَانٌ hisan (translated above as 'gorgeous' ) refers to 'women who have beautiful features'. These...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: فِيهِنَّ خَيْرَ‌اتٌ حِسَانٌ (In them there are women, good and gorgeous,...55:70) The word خَيْرَ‌اتٌ khairat (translated above as 'good' ) refers to 'the good character of those women'; and the word حِسَانٌ hisan (translated above as 'gorgeous' ) refers to 'women who have beautiful features'. These...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

Fabi ayyi aalaaa'i Rabbikumaa tukazzibaan.

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تو تم اپنے پروردگار کی کون کون سی نعمت کو جھٹلاؤ گے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: مُتَّكِئِينَ عَلَىٰ رَ‌فْرَ‌فٍ خُضْرٍ‌ وَعَبْقَرِ‌يٍّ حِسَانٍ (...reclining on green cushions and marvelously beautiful mattresses....55:76) Qamus explains that the word رَ‌فْرَ‌ف rafraf means 'silk fabric greenish in colour' which is used in making carpets, pillows, cushions and other items of deco...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: So which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an. Allah said: وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (And below these two, there are two other Gardens.) We previously mentioned the Hadith stating that there are two gardens made of gold, their vessels and...

لَوْ نَشَآءُ جَعَلْنَٰهُ أُجَاجًا فَلَوْلَا تَشْكُرُونَ

Law nashaaa'u ja'alnaahu ujaajan falaw laa tashkuroon

If We willed, We could make it bitter, so why are you not grateful?

اگر ہم چاہیں تو ہم اسے کھاری کردیں پھر تم شکر کیوں نہیں کرتے؟

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: was lost in the secondary or extrinsic causes and lost sight of his Real Creator and Master, the Primary or Intrinsic Cause of his creation. This unawareness was unveiled in a particular way. In a similar style, the reality of his source of nourishment is explicated. Allah poses the question to man:...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: If We willed We could make it bitter salty undrinkable — why then will you not give thanks?
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah's Oneness demonstrated by causing the Plants to grow, sending down the Rain Allah the Exalted said, أَفَرَءَيْتُم مَّا تَحْرُثُونَ (Do you not see what you sow.) in reference to tilling the earth and planting seeds inside it, أَءَنتُمْ تَزْرَعُونَهُ (Is it you that make it grow,) `do you cause...

وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ

Wa amma bi ni'mati rabbika fahad dith

But as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].

اور اپنے پروردگار کی نعمتوں کا بیان کرتے رہنا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Injunction [ 3] وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَ‌بِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ (And about the bounty of your Lord, do talk....93:11). The verb haddith is derived from tahdith which means 'to talk' meaning, 'just as you were poor and needy, and Allah made you wealthy, then talk about Allah's favours upon you'. Talking about...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and as for your Lord’s grace to you by way of prophethood and otherwise proclaim it make it known. The omission in certain instances of the suffixed pronoun referring to the Prophet s from the end of the verbs is intended to sustain the end-rhyme of the verses.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ (In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Reason for the Revelation of Surat Ad-Duha Imam Ahmad recorded from Jundub that he said, "The Prophet became ill, so he did not stand for prayer for a night or two. Th...

ٱلَّذِىٓ أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَءَامَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍۭ

Allazi at'amahum min ju'inw-wa-aamana hum min khawf

Who has fed them, [saving them] from hunger and made them safe, [saving them] from fear.

جس نے ان کو بھوک میں کھانا کھلایا اور خوف سے امن بخشا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Verse [ 106:4] الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (Who gave them food against hunger, and gave them security against fear.) The verse comprehensively captures all that was needed for the Quraish to live happily and peacefully in the world. The first phrase أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Who has fed them against that is on account of hunger and made them secure from that is on account of fear they used to suffer hunger in Mecca due to the lack of crops and they feared the army of the Elephant.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ (In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This Surah has been separated from the one that preceded it in the primary Mushaf (the original copy They (the Companions) wrote "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, ...
Hadith — 10 traditions
Sahih al-Bukhari 0:0sahih

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَتَبَ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ، وَبَعَثَ بِكِتَابِهِ إِلَيْهِ مَعَ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ، وَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ بُصْرَى لِيَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ، وَكَانَ قَيْصَرُ لَمَّا كَشَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ جُنُودَ فَارِسَ مَشَى مِنْ حِمْصَ إِلَى إِيلِيَاءَ، شُكْرًا لِمَا أَبْلاَهُ اللَّهُ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ قَيْصَرَ كِتَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ حِينَ قَرَأَهُ الْتَمِسُوا لِي هَا هُنَا أَحَدًا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لأَسْأَلَهُمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سُفْيَانَ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِالشَّأْمِ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، قَدِمُوا تِجَارًا فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَبَيْنَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَجَدَنَا رَسُولُ قَيْصَرَ بِبَعْضِ الشَّأْمِ فَانْطَلَقَ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا إِيلِيَاءَ، فَأُدْخِلْنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ مُلْكِهِ وَعَلَيْهِ التَّاجُ، وَإِذَا حَوْلَهُ عُظَمَاءُ الرُّومِ فَقَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا إِلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقُلْتُ أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ نَسَبًا‏.‏ قَالَ مَا قَرَابَةُ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ فَقُلْتُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّي، وَلَيْسَ فِي الرَّكْبِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَحَدٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ غَيْرِي‏.‏ فَقَالَ قَيْصَرُ أَدْنُوهُ‏.‏ وَأَمَرَ بِأَصْحَابِي فَجُعِلُوا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِي عِنْدَ كَتِفِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لأَصْحَابِهِ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ عَنِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ، فَإِنْ كَذَبَ فَكَذِّبُوهُ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَاللَّهِ لَوْلاَ الْحَيَاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْثُرَ أَصْحَابِي عَنِّي الْكَذِبَ لَكَذَبْتُهُ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ، وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ يَأْثُرُوا الْكَذِبَ عَنِّي فَصَدَقْتُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ كَيْفَ نَسَبُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فِيكُمْ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ فَقَالَ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ‏.‏ قَالَ فَيَزِيدُونَ أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ قُلْتُ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ قُلْتُ لاَ، وَنَحْنُ الآنَ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ، نَحْنُ نَخَافُ أَنْ يَغْدِرَ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ يُمْكِنِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا أَنْتَقِصُهُ بِهِ لاَ أَخَافُ أَنْ تُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي غَيْرُهَا‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ قَاتَلَكُمْ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ كَانَتْ حَرْبُهُ وَحَرْبُكُمْ قُلْتُ كَانَتْ دُوَلاً وَسِجَالاً، يُدَالُ عَلَيْنَا الْمَرَّةَ وَنُدَالُ عَلَيْهِ الأُخْرَى‏.‏ قَالَ فَمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ قَالَ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ لاَ نُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَيَنْهَانَا عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُنَا، وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالصَّدَقَةِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الأَمَانَةِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ حِينَ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فِيكُمْ، فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ ذُو نَسَبٍ، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي نَسَبِ قَوْمِهَا، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَأْتَمُّ بِقَوْلٍ قَدْ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَدَعَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمُ اتَّبَعُوهُ، وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ، وَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ حِينَ تَخْلِطُ بَشَاشَتُهُ الْقُلُوبَ لاَ يَسْخَطُهُ أَحَدٌ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ لاَ يَغْدِرُونَ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ قَدْ فَعَلَ، وَأَنَّ حَرْبَكُمْ وَحَرْبَهُ تَكُونُ دُوَلاً، وَيُدَالُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَرَّةَ وَتُدَالُونَ عَلَيْهِ الأُخْرَى، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْتَلَى، وَتَكُونُ لَهَا الْعَاقِبَةُ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُكُمْ، وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ، وَأَدَاءِ الأَمَانَةِ، قَالَ وَهَذِهِ صِفَةُ النَّبِيِّ، قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ، وَلَكِنْ لَمْ أَظُنَّ أَنَّهُ مِنْكُمْ، وَإِنْ يَكُ مَا قُلْتَ حَقًّا، فَيُوشِكُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَىَّ هَاتَيْنِ، وَلَوْ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لُقِيَّهُ، وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ لَغَسَلْتُ قَدَمَيْهِ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ ‏"‏ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ، سَلاَمٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى، أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الإِسْلاَمِ، أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ، وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ، فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ إِثْمُ الأَرِيسِيِّينَ وَ‏{‏يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ لاَ نَعْبُدَ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ وَلاَ نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلاَ يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ‏}‏‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا أَنْ قَضَى مَقَالَتَهُ، عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ، وَكَثُرَ لَغَطُهُمْ، فَلاَ أَدْرِي مَاذَا قَالُوا، وَأُمِرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا، فَلَمَّا أَنْ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِي وَخَلَوْتُ بِهِمْ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ لَقَدْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ، هَذَا مَلِكُ بَنِي الأَصْفَرِ يَخَافُهُ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَاللَّهِ مَا زِلْتُ ذَلِيلاً مُسْتَيْقِنًا بِأَنَّ أَمْرَهُ سَيَظْهَرُ، حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ قَلْبِي الإِسْلاَمَ وَأَنَا كَارِهٌ‏.‏

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Abbas:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) wrote to Caesar and invited him to Islam and sent him his letter with Dihya Al-Kalbi whom Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered to hand it over to the Governor of Busra who would forward it to Caesar. Caesar as a sign of gratitude to Allah, had walked from Hims to Ilya (i.e. Jerusalem) when Allah had granted Him victory over the Persian forces. So, when the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) reached Caesar, he said after reading it, 'Seek for me any one of his people! (Arabs of Quraish tribe) if present here, in order to ask him about Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). At that time Abu Sufyan bin Harb was in Sham with some men from Quraish who had come (to Sham) as merchants during the truce that had been concluded between Allah's Messenger (ﷺ); and the infidels of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said, Caesar's messenger found us somewhere in Sham so he took me and my companions to Ilya and we were admitted into Caesar's court to find him sitting in his royal court wearing a crown and surrounded by the senior dignitaries of the Byzantine. He said to his translator. 'Ask them who amongst them is a close relation to the man who claims to be a prophet." Abu Sufyan added, "I replied, 'I am the nearest relative to him.' He asked, 'What degree of relationship do you have with him?' I replied, 'He is my cousin,' and there was none of Bani Abu Manaf in the caravan except myself. Caesar said, 'Let him come nearer.' He then ordered that my companions stand behind me near my shoulder and said to his translator, 'Tell his companions that I am going to ask this man about the man who claims to be a prophet. If he tells a lie, they should contradict him immediately." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had it not been shameful that my companions label me a liar, I would not have spoken the truth about him when he asked me. But I considered it shameful to be called a liar by my companions. So I told the truth. He then said to his translator, 'Ask him what kind of family does he belong to.' I replied, 'He belongs to a noble family amongst us.' He said, 'Has anybody else amongst you ever claimed the same before him? 'I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Had you ever blamed him for telling lies before he claimed what he claimed? ' I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?' I replied, 'No.' He said, "Do the noble or the poor follow him?' I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.' He said, 'Are they increasing or decreasing (day by day)?' I replied,' They are increasing.' He said, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his (the Prophet's) Religion become displeased and then discard his Religion?'. I replied, 'No. ' He said, 'Does he break his promises? I replied, 'No, but we are now at truce with him and we are afraid that he may betray us." Abu Sufyan added, "Other than the last sentence, I could not say anything against him. Caesar then asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'What was the outcome of your battles with him?' I replied, 'The result was unstable; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.' He said, 'What does he order you to do?' I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah alone, and not to worship others along with Him, and to leave all that our fore-fathers used to worship. He orders us to pray, give in charity, be chaste, keep promises and return what is entrusted to us.' When I had said that, Caesar said to his translator, 'Say to him: I asked you about his lineage and your reply was that he belonged to a noble family. In fact, all the apostles came from the noblest lineage of their nations. Then I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you had claimed such a thing, and your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man was following a claim that had been said before him. When I asked you whether he was ever blamed for telling lies, your reply was in the negative, so I took it for granted that a person who did not tell a lie about (others) the people could never tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom. When I asked you whether the rich or the poor people followed him, you replied that it was the poor who followed him. In fact, such are the followers of the apostles. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing. In fact, this is the result of true faith till it is complete (in all respects). I asked you whether there was anybody who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and discarded his religion; your reply was in the negative. In fact, this is the sign of true faith, for when its cheerfulness enters and mixes in the hearts completely, nobody will be displeased with it. I asked you whether he had ever broken his promise. You replied in the negative. And such are the apostles; they never break their promises. When I asked you whether you fought with him and he fought with you, you replied that he did, and that sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you. Indeed, such are the apostles; they are put to trials and the final victory is always theirs. Then I asked you what he ordered you. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah alone and not to worship others along with Him, to leave all that your fore-fathers used to worship, to offer prayers, to speak the truth, to be chaste, to keep promises, and to return what is entrusted to you. These are really the qualities of a prophet who, I knew (from the previous Scriptures) would appear, but I did not know that he would be from amongst you. If what you say should be true, he will very soon occupy the earth under my feet, and if I knew that I would reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet Him; and were I with him, then I would certainly wash his feet.' " Abu Sufyan added, "Caesar then asked for the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and it was read. Its contents were: "In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad, the slave of Allah, and His Apostle, to Heraclius, the Ruler of the Byzantine. Peace be upon the followers of guidance. Now then, I invite you to Islam (i.e. surrender to Allah), embrace Islam and you will be safe; embrace Islam and Allah will bestow on you a double reward. But if you reject this invitation of Islam, you shall be responsible for misguiding the tillers (i.e. your nation). O people of the Scriptures! Come to a word common to you and us and you, that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate nothing in worship with Him; and that none of us shall take others as Lords besides Allah. Then if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are (they who have surrendered (unto Him)..(3.64) Abu Sufyan added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech, there was a great hue and cry caused by the Byzantine Royalties surrounding him, and there was so much noise that I did not understand what they said. So, we were turned out of the court. When I went out with my companions and we were alone, I said to them, 'Verily, Ibn Abi Kabsha's (i.e. the Prophet's) affair has gained power. This is the King of Bani Al-Asfar fearing him." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah, I remained low and was sure that his religion would be victorious till Allah converted me to Islam, though I disliked it

Sahih al-Bukhari 56:153sahih

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَتَبَ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ، وَبَعَثَ بِكِتَابِهِ إِلَيْهِ مَعَ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ، وَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ بُصْرَى لِيَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ، وَكَانَ قَيْصَرُ لَمَّا كَشَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ جُنُودَ فَارِسَ مَشَى مِنْ حِمْصَ إِلَى إِيلِيَاءَ، شُكْرًا لِمَا أَبْلاَهُ اللَّهُ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ قَيْصَرَ كِتَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ حِينَ قَرَأَهُ الْتَمِسُوا لِي هَا هُنَا أَحَدًا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لأَسْأَلَهُمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سُفْيَانَ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِالشَّأْمِ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، قَدِمُوا تِجَارًا فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَبَيْنَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَجَدَنَا رَسُولُ قَيْصَرَ بِبَعْضِ الشَّأْمِ فَانْطَلَقَ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا إِيلِيَاءَ، فَأُدْخِلْنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ مُلْكِهِ وَعَلَيْهِ التَّاجُ، وَإِذَا حَوْلَهُ عُظَمَاءُ الرُّومِ فَقَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا إِلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقُلْتُ أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ نَسَبًا‏.‏ قَالَ مَا قَرَابَةُ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ فَقُلْتُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّي، وَلَيْسَ فِي الرَّكْبِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَحَدٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ غَيْرِي‏.‏ فَقَالَ قَيْصَرُ أَدْنُوهُ‏.‏ وَأَمَرَ بِأَصْحَابِي فَجُعِلُوا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِي عِنْدَ كَتِفِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لأَصْحَابِهِ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ عَنِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ، فَإِنْ كَذَبَ فَكَذِّبُوهُ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَاللَّهِ لَوْلاَ الْحَيَاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْثُرَ أَصْحَابِي عَنِّي الْكَذِبَ لَكَذَبْتُهُ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ، وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ يَأْثُرُوا الْكَذِبَ عَنِّي فَصَدَقْتُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ كَيْفَ نَسَبُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فِيكُمْ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ فَقَالَ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ‏.‏ قَالَ فَيَزِيدُونَ أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ قُلْتُ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ قُلْتُ لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ قُلْتُ لاَ، وَنَحْنُ الآنَ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ، نَحْنُ نَخَافُ أَنْ يَغْدِرَ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ يُمْكِنِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا أَنْتَقِصُهُ بِهِ لاَ أَخَافُ أَنْ تُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي غَيْرُهَا‏.‏ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ قَاتَلَكُمْ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ كَانَتْ حَرْبُهُ وَحَرْبُكُمْ قُلْتُ كَانَتْ دُوَلاً وَسِجَالاً، يُدَالُ عَلَيْنَا الْمَرَّةَ وَنُدَالُ عَلَيْهِ الأُخْرَى‏.‏ قَالَ فَمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ قَالَ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ لاَ نُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَيَنْهَانَا عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُنَا، وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالصَّدَقَةِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الأَمَانَةِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لِتُرْجُمَانِهِ حِينَ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فِيكُمْ، فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ ذُو نَسَبٍ، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي نَسَبِ قَوْمِهَا، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَأْتَمُّ بِقَوْلٍ قَدْ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَدَعَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمُ اتَّبَعُوهُ، وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ، وَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ حِينَ تَخْلِطُ بَشَاشَتُهُ الْقُلُوبَ لاَ يَسْخَطُهُ أَحَدٌ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ لاَ يَغْدِرُونَ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ قَدْ فَعَلَ، وَأَنَّ حَرْبَكُمْ وَحَرْبَهُ تَكُونُ دُوَلاً، وَيُدَالُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَرَّةَ وَتُدَالُونَ عَلَيْهِ الأُخْرَى، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْتَلَى، وَتَكُونُ لَهَا الْعَاقِبَةُ، وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُكُمْ، وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ، وَأَدَاءِ الأَمَانَةِ، قَالَ وَهَذِهِ صِفَةُ النَّبِيِّ، قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ، وَلَكِنْ لَمْ أَظُنَّ أَنَّهُ مِنْكُمْ، وَإِنْ يَكُ مَا قُلْتَ حَقًّا، فَيُوشِكُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَىَّ هَاتَيْنِ، وَلَوْ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لُقِيَّهُ، وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ لَغَسَلْتُ قَدَمَيْهِ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ ‏"‏ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ، سَلاَمٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى، أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الإِسْلاَمِ، أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ، وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ، فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ إِثْمُ الأَرِيسِيِّينَ وَ‏{‏يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ لاَ نَعْبُدَ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ وَلاَ نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلاَ يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ‏}‏‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا أَنْ قَضَى مَقَالَتَهُ، عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ، وَكَثُرَ لَغَطُهُمْ، فَلاَ أَدْرِي مَاذَا قَالُوا، وَأُمِرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا، فَلَمَّا أَنْ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِي وَخَلَوْتُ بِهِمْ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ لَقَدْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ، هَذَا مَلِكُ بَنِي الأَصْفَرِ يَخَافُهُ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَاللَّهِ مَا زِلْتُ ذَلِيلاً مُسْتَيْقِنًا بِأَنَّ أَمْرَهُ سَيَظْهَرُ، حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ قَلْبِي الإِسْلاَمَ وَأَنَا كَارِهٌ‏.‏

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Abbas:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) wrote to Caesar and invited him to Islam and sent him his letter with Dihya Al-Kalbi whom Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered to hand it over to the Governor of Busra who would forward it to Caesar. Caesar as a sign of gratitude to Allah, had walked from Hims to Ilya (i.e. Jerusalem) when Allah had granted Him victory over the Persian forces. So, when the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) reached Caesar, he said after reading it, 'Seek for me any one of his people! (Arabs of Quraish tribe) if present here, in order to ask him about Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). At that time Abu Sufyan bin Harb was in Sham with some men from Quraish who had come (to Sham) as merchants during the truce that had been concluded between Allah's Messenger (ﷺ); and the infidels of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said, Caesar's messenger found us somewhere in Sham so he took me and my companions to Ilya and we were admitted into Caesar's court to find him sitting in his royal court wearing a crown and surrounded by the senior dignitaries of the Byzantine. He said to his translator. 'Ask them who amongst them is a close relation to the man who claims to be a prophet." Abu Sufyan added, "I replied, 'I am the nearest relative to him.' He asked, 'What degree of relationship do you have with him?' I replied, 'He is my cousin,' and there was none of Bani Abu Manaf in the caravan except myself. Caesar said, 'Let him come nearer.' He then ordered that my companions stand behind me near my shoulder and said to his translator, 'Tell his companions that I am going to ask this man about the man who claims to be a prophet. If he tells a lie, they should contradict him immediately." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had it not been shameful that my companions label me a liar, I would not have spoken the truth about him when he asked me. But I considered it shameful to be called a liar by my companions. So I told the truth. He then said to his translator, 'Ask him what kind of family does he belong to.' I replied, 'He belongs to a noble family amongst us.' He said, 'Has anybody else amongst you ever claimed the same before him? 'I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Had you ever blamed him for telling lies before he claimed what he claimed? ' I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?' I replied, 'No.' He said, "Do the noble or the poor follow him?' I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.' He said, 'Are they increasing or decreasing (day by day)?' I replied,' They are increasing.' He said, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his (the Prophet's) Religion become displeased and then discard his Religion?'. I replied, 'No. ' He said, 'Does he break his promises? I replied, 'No, but we are now at truce with him and we are afraid that he may betray us." Abu Sufyan added, "Other than the last sentence, I could not say anything against him. Caesar then asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'What was the outcome of your battles with him?' I replied, 'The result was unstable; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.' He said, 'What does he order you to do?' I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah alone, and not to worship others along with Him, and to leave all that our fore-fathers used to worship. He orders us to pray, give in charity, be chaste, keep promises and return what is entrusted to us.' When I had said that, Caesar said to his translator, 'Say to him: I asked you about his lineage and your reply was that he belonged to a noble family. In fact, all the apostles came from the noblest lineage of their nations. Then I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you had claimed such a thing, and your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man was following a claim that had been said before him. When I asked you whether he was ever blamed for telling lies, your reply was in the negative, so I took it for granted that a person who did not tell a lie about (others) the people could never tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom. When I asked you whether the rich or the poor people followed him, you replied that it was the poor who followed him. In fact, such are the followers of the apostles. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing. In fact, this is the result of true faith till it is complete (in all respects). I asked you whether there was anybody who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and discarded his religion; your reply was in the negative. In fact, this is the sign of true faith, for when its cheerfulness enters and mixes in the hearts completely, nobody will be displeased with it. I asked you whether he had ever broken his promise. You replied in the negative. And such are the apostles; they never break their promises. When I asked you whether you fought with him and he fought with you, you replied that he did, and that sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you. Indeed, such are the apostles; they are put to trials and the final victory is always theirs. Then I asked you what he ordered you. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah alone and not to worship others along with Him, to leave all that your fore-fathers used to worship, to offer prayers, to speak the truth, to be chaste, to keep promises, and to return what is entrusted to you. These are really the qualities of a prophet who, I knew (from the previous Scriptures) would appear, but I did not know that he would be from amongst you. If what you say should be true, he will very soon occupy the earth under my feet, and if I knew that I would reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet Him; and were I with him, then I would certainly wash his feet.' " Abu Sufyan added, "Caesar then asked for the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and it was read. Its contents were: "In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad, the slave of Allah, and His Apostle, to Heraclius, the Ruler of the Byzantine. Peace be upon the followers of guidance. Now then, I invite you to Islam (i.e. surrender to Allah), embrace Islam and you will be safe; embrace Islam and Allah will bestow on you a double reward. But if you reject this invitation of Islam, you shall be responsible for misguiding the tillers (i.e. your nation). O people of the Scriptures! Come to a word common to you and us and you, that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate nothing in worship with Him; and that none of us shall take others as Lords besides Allah. Then if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are (they who have surrendered (unto Him)..(3.64) Abu Sufyan added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech, there was a great hue and cry caused by the Byzantine Royalties surrounding him, and there was so much noise that I did not understand what they said. So, we were turned out of the court. When I went out with my companions and we were alone, I said to them, 'Verily, Ibn Abi Kabsha's (i.e. the Prophet's) affair has gained power. This is the King of Bani Al-Asfar fearing him." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah, I remained low and was sure that his religion would be victorious till Allah converted me to Islam, though I disliked it

Sahih al-Bukhari 56:198sahih

حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ كُلُّ سُلاَمَى مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ صَدَقَةٌ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ تَطْلُعُ فِيهِ الشَّمْسُ، يَعْدِلُ بَيْنَ الاِثْنَيْنِ صَدَقَةٌ، وَيُعِينُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ، فَيَحْمِلُ عَلَيْهَا، أَوْ يَرْفَعُ عَلَيْهَا مَتَاعَهُ صَدَقَةٌ، وَالْكَلِمَةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ صَدَقَةٌ، وَكُلُّ خَطْوَةٍ يَخْطُوهَا إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ صَدَقَةٌ، وَيُمِيطُ الأَذَى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏

Narrated Abu Huraira:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "There is a (compulsory) Sadaqa (charity) to be given for every joint of the human body (as a sign of gratitude to Allah) everyday the sun rises. To judge justly between two persons is regarded as Sadaqa, and to help a man concerning his riding animal by helping him to ride it or by lifting his luggage on to it, is also regarded as Sadaqa, and (saying) a good word is also Sadaqa, and every step taken on one's way to offer the compulsory prayer (in the mosque) is also Sadaqa and to remove a harmful thing from the way is also Sadaqa

ہم سے اسحاق بن منصور نے بیان کیا، کہا ہم کو عبدالرزاق نے خبر دی، کہا ہم کو معمر نے خبر دی، انہیں ہمام نے اور ان سے ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ عنہ نے بیان کیا کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا ”انسان کے ہر ایک جوڑ پر صدقہ لازم ہوتا ہے۔ ہر دن جس میں سورج طلوع ہوتا ہے۔ پھر اگر وہ انسانوں کے درمیان انصاف کرے تو یہ بھی ایک صدقہ ہے اور کسی کو سواری کے معاملے میں اگر مدد پہنچائے، اس طرح پر کہ اسے اس پر سوار کرائے یا اس کا سامان اٹھا کر رکھ دے تو یہ بھی ایک صدقہ ہے اور اچھی بات منہ سے نکالنا بھی ایک صدقہ ہے اور ہر قدم جو نماز کے لیے اٹھتا ہے وہ بھی صدقہ ہے اور اگر کوئی راستے سے کسی تکلیف دینے والی چیز کو ہٹا دے تو وہ بھی ایک صدقہ ہے۔“

Sahih al-Bukhari 60:70sahih

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَجَدَهُمْ يَصُومُونَ يَوْمًا، يَعْنِي عَاشُورَاءَ، فَقَالُوا هَذَا يَوْمٌ عَظِيمٌ، وَهْوَ يَوْمٌ نَجَّى اللَّهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى، وَأَغْرَقَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ، فَصَامَ مُوسَى شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ‏.‏

Narrated Ibn `Abbas:When the Prophet (ﷺ) came to Medina, he found (the Jews) fasting on the day of 'Ashura' (i.e. 10th of Muharram). They used to say: "This is a great day on which Allah saved Moses and drowned the folk of Pharaoh. Moses observed the fast on this day, as a sign of gratitude to Allah." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I am closer to Moses than they." So, he observed the fast (on that day) and ordered the Muslims to fast on it

ہم سے علی بن عبداللہ نے بیان کیا ‘ کہا ہم سے سفیان بن عیینہ نے بیان کیا ‘ کہا ہم سے ایوب سختیانی نے بیان کیا ‘ ان سے سعید بن جبیر کے صاحبزادے (عبداللہ) نے اپنے والد سے اور ان سے ابن عباس رضی اللہ عنہما نے کہ جب نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم مدینہ تشریف لائے تو وہاں کے لوگ ایک دن یعنی عاشورا کے دن روزہ رکھتے تھے۔ ان لوگوں ( یہودیوں ) نے بتایا کہ یہ بڑی عظمت والا دن ہے، اسی دن اللہ تعالیٰ نے موسیٰ علیہ السلام کو نجات دی تھی اور آل فرعون کو غرق کیا تھا۔ اس کے شکر میں موسیٰ علیہ السلام نے اس دن کا روزہ رکھا تھا۔ نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ میں موسیٰ علیہ السلام کا ان سے زیادہ قریب ہوں۔ چنانچہ آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے خود بھی اس دن کا روزہ رکھنا شروع کیا اور صحابہ کو بھی اس کا حکم فرمایا۔

Sahih Muslim 1:140sahih

وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمَّارٍ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ مُطِرَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أَصْبَحَ مِنَ النَّاسِ شَاكِرٌ وَمِنْهُمْ كَافِرٌ قَالُوا هَذِهِ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَقَدْ صَدَقَ نَوْءُ كَذَا وَكَذَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ ‏{‏ فَلاَ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوَاقِعِ النُّجُومِ‏}‏ حَتَّى بَلَغَ ‏{‏ وَتَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ‏{‏}

It is reported on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that there was (once) a downpour during the life of the Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him Upon this the Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) observed:Some people entered the morning with gratitude and some with ingratitude (to Allah). Those who entered with gratitude said: This is the blessing of Allah, and those who entered with ingratitude said: Such and such asterism was right. It was upon this that the verse was revealed: I swear by the setting of the stars to the end and make your provision that you should disbelieve it

حضرت ابن عباس ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌ ‌ سے روایت ہے کہ رسول اللہ ﷺ نے دور میں لوگوں کو بارش سے نوازا گیا تو نبی اکرم ﷺ نے فرمایا : ’’ لوگوں میں سے کچھ شکر گزار ہو گئے ہیں اور کچھ کافر ( ناشکرے ) ، ( بعض ) لوگوں نے کہا : یہ اللہ کی رحمت ہے اور بعض نے کہا : فلاں فلاں نوء ( ایک ستارے کا غروب اور اس کے سبب سے دوسرے کی بلندی ) سچی نکلی ۔ ‘ ‘ ( ابن عباس ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌ ‌ ) فرماتے ہیں ، اس پر یہ آیت نازل ہوئی : ’’میں ستاروں کے گرنے کی جگہوں کی قسم کھاتا ہوں ۔ ‘ ‘ ( سے لے کر ) اس آیت تک : ’’ اور تم اپنا حصہ یہ رکھتے ہو کہ تم اس کی تکذیب کرتے ہو ۔ ‘ ‘

Sahih Muslim 2:1sahih

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، أَنَّ زَيْدًا، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا سَلاَّمٍ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ الطُّهُورُ شَطْرُ الإِيمَانِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ تَمْلأُ الْمِيزَانَ ‏.‏ وَسُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ تَمْلآنِ - أَوْ تَمْلأُ - مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَالصَّلاَةُ نُورٌ وَالصَّدَقَةُ بُرْهَانٌ وَالصَّبْرُ ضِيَاءٌ وَالْقُرْآنُ حُجَّةٌ لَكَ أَوْ عَلَيْكَ كُلُّ النَّاسِ يَغْدُو فَبَائِعٌ نَفْسَهُ فَمُعْتِقُهَا أَوْ مُوبِقُهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Abu Malik at-Ash'ari reported:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Cleanliness is half of faith and al-Hamdu Lillah (all praise and gratitude is for Allah alone) fills the scale, and Subhan Allah (Glory be to Allah) and al-Hamdu Lillah fill up what is between the heavens and the earth, and prayer is a light, and charity is proof (of one's faith) and endurance is a brightness and the Holy Qur'an is a proof on your behalf or against you. All men go out early in the morning and sell themselves, thereby setting themselves free or destroying themselves

حضرت ابو مالک اشعری ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌ ‌ سے روایت ہے کہ رسول اللہ ﷺ نے فرمایا : ’’پاکیزگی نصف ایمان ہے ۔ الحمد لله ترازو کو بھر دیتا ہے ۔ سبحان الله اور الحمد لله آسمانوں سے زمین تک کی وسعت کو بھر دیتے ہیں ۔ نماز نور ہے ۔ صدقہ دلیل ہے ۔ صبر روشنی ہے ۔ قرآن تمہارے حق میں یا تمہارے خلاف حجت ہے ہر انسان دن کا آغاز کرتا ہے تو ( کچھ اعمال کے عوض ) اپنا سودا کرتا ہے ، پھر یا تو خود آزاد کرنےوالا ہوتا ہے خود کو تباہ کرنے والا ۔ ‘ ‘

Sahih Muslim 6:292sahih

حَدَّثَنَا هَدَّابُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لأُبَىٍّ ‏"‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ آللَّهُ سَمَّانِي لَكَ قَالَ ‏"‏ اللَّهُ سَمَّاكَ لِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ أُبَىٌّ يَبْكِي ‏.‏

Anas reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying to Ubayy b. Ka'b:Allah has commanded me to recite the Qur'an to you. He said: Did Allah mention me to you by name? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Allah made a mention of your name to me. (On hearing this) Ubayy b. Ka'b wept

ہمام نےکہا : ہم سے قتادہ نے حضرت انس بن مالک رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے حدیث بیان کی کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے حضرت ابی رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے فرمایا : " اللہ تعالیٰ نے مجھے حکم دیا ہے کہ میں تمھارے سامنے قراءت کروں ۔ " انھوں نےکہا : کیا اللہ تعالیٰ نے آپ کے سامنے میرا نام لیا؟ آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا : " اللہ تعالیٰ نے میرے سامنے تمہارا نام لیا ۔ " تو حضرت ابی رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ رونے لگے ۔

Sahih Muslim 6:293sahih

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَابْنُ، بَشَّارٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ قَتَادَةَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لأُبَىِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ ‏"‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ ‏{‏ لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا‏}‏ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَسَمَّانِي لَكَ قَالَ ‏"‏ نَعَمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَبَكَى ‏.‏

Anas reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying to Ubayy b. Ka`b:Allah has commanded me to recite to you:" Those who disbelieve were not..." (al-Qur'an, xcviii. 1). He said: Did He mention me by name? He (the Prophet said): Yes. Upon this he shed tears (of gratitude)

محمد بن جعفر نے کہا : ہم سے شعبہ نے حدیث بیان کی ، انھوں نے کہا : میں نے قتادہ کو حضرت انس رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے حدیث بیان کرتے سنا ، انھوں نے کہا : رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے ابی بن کعب رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے فرمایا : " اللہ تعالیٰ نے حکم دیا ہے کہ میں تمہارے سامنےلَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُ‌وا کی قراءت کروں ۔ " انھوں نے کہا : اور ( اللہ تعالیٰ نے ) آپ کے سامنے میرا نام لیا ہے؟آپ نے فرمایا : " ہاں ۔ " ( انس رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ نے ) کہا : تو وہ رودیئے ۔

Sahih Muslim 13:162sahih

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ، عَبَّاسٍ - رضى الله عنهما - قَالَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدَ الْيَهُودَ يَصُومُونَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَسُئِلُوا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَظْهَرَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى وَبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَنَحْنُ نَصُومُهُ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ نَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَمَرَ بِصَوْمِهِ ‏.‏

Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the day of Ashura. They (the Jews) were asked about it and they said:It is the day on which Allah granted victory to Moses and (his people) Bani Isra'il over the Pharaoh and we observe fast out of gratitude to Him. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: We have a closer connection with Moses than you have, and he commanded to observe fast on this day

یحییٰ بن یحییٰ ، ہشیم ابی بشر ، سعید بن جبیر ، حضرت ابن عباس رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے روایت ہے فرمایا کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم مدینہ تشریف لائے تو آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے یہودیوں کو عاشورہ کے دن روزہ رکھتے ہوئے پایا تو لوگوں نے ان سے اس روزے کےبارے میں پوچھا تو وہ کہنے لگے کہ یہ وہ دن ہے کہ جس میں اللہ تعالیٰ نے حضر ت موسیٰ علیہ السلام کو اور بنی اسرائیل کو فرعون پر غلبہ عطا فرمایا تھا تو ہم اس دن کی عظمت کی وجہ سے روزہ رکھتے ہیں ۔ تو رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ ہم تم سے زیادہ حضرت موسیٰ علیہ السلام کے قریب ہیں تو آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے اس روزے کا حکم فرمایا ۔

Sahih Muslim 55:11sahih

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ سَوَّادٍ الْعَامِرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ، الْحَارِثِ أَنَّ بَكْرَ بْنَ سَوَادَةَ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ يَزِيدَ بْنَ رَبَاحٍ - هُوَ أَبُو فِرَاسٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ - حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَارِسُ وَالرُّومُ أَىُّ قَوْمٍ أَنْتُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ نَقُولُ كَمَا أَمَرَنَا اللَّهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أَوْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ تَتَنَافَسُونَ ثُمَّ تَتَحَاسَدُونَ ثُمَّ تَتَدَابَرُونَ ثُمَّ تَتَبَاغَضُونَ أَوْ نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ تَنْطَلِقُونَ فِي مَسَاكِينِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَتَجْعَلُونَ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَى رِقَابِ بَعْضٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Abdullah b. `Amr b. al-`As reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said:How would you be, O people, when Persia and Rome would be conquered for you? `Abd ar-Rahman b `Auf said: We would say as Allah has commanded us and we would express our gratitude to Allah. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Nothing else besides it? You would (in fact) vie with one another, then you would feel jealous, then your relations would be estranged and then you will bear enmity against one another, or something to the same effect. Then you would go to the poor emigrants and would make some the masters of the others

عبد اللہ بن عمرو بن عاص رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے مولی یزید بن ابوفراس رباح نے حضرت عبداللہ بن عمرو بن عاص رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے ، انھوں نے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے ر وایت کی کہ آپ نے فرمایا : " جب روم اور فارس فتح ہوجائیں گے تو تم کس طرح کی قوم ہوگے؟ " حضرت عبدالرحمان بن عوف رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ نے کہا ، ہم وہی بات کریں گے جس کا اللہ نے ہمیں حکم دیا ہے ۔ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا؛ " یا اس کے برعکس تم ( دنیا کے معاملے میں ) ایک دوسرے سے مقابلہ کروگے ، پھر ایک د وسرے کے حسد کرنے لگوگے ، پھر ایک دوسرے سے منہ موڑ لوگے پھر ایک دوسرے سے بغض میں مبتلا ہوجاؤ گے ۔ پھرمسلمین مہاجرین کے ہاں جاؤگے اور ان میں سے کچھ کو ( حاکم بنا کر ) دوسروں کی گردنوں پر مسلط کردو گے ۔

Related Topics