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Economic Ethics

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Economic Ethics

أَخْلَاقٌ اقْتِصَادِيَّة

Islamic economic ethics offer a profound framework for all financial interactions, designed to ensure justice, fairness, and compassion within society. It is a holistic approach, viewing economic activity not merely as a means to accumulate wealth, but as an integral part of one's devotion and responsibility to God and humanity. Central to this ethic is the prohibition against consuming one another's wealth unjustly, or through means like bribery [2:188]. The Quran clearly distinguishes between lawful business and forbidden practices, unequivocally permitting trade while strictly prohibiting usury (riba), cautioning against its destructive impact on individuals and communities [2:275]. Instead, believers are encouraged to engage in honest and lawful business by mutual consent [4:29], promoting transparency and ethical conduct in all transactions. This framework also emphasizes compassion, guiding that if someone is in hardship regarding a debt, then postponement until a time of ease is encouraged, with giving it as charity being even better [2:280]. Ultimately, Islamic economic ethics strive to build a balanced, equitable society where wealth circulates justly, supporting human dignity and contributing to collective well-being.

Quran 25 verses

وَلَا تَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا۟ بِهَآ إِلَى ٱلْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا۟ فَرِيقًا مِّنْ أَمْوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ

Wa laa taakuloo amwaalakum bainakum bilbaatili wa tudloo bihaaa ilal hukkaami litaakuloo fareeqam min amwaalin naasi bil ismi wa antum ta'lamoon

And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that [they might aid] you [to] consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, while you know [it is unlawful].

اور ایک دوسرے کا مال ناحق نہ کھاؤ اورنہ اس کو (رشوةً) حاکموں کے پاس پہنچاؤ تاکہ لوگوں کے مال کا کچھ حصہ ناجائز طور پر کھا جاؤ اور (اسے) تم جانتے بھی ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Previous verses dealt with injunctions relating to fasting in which the use of lawful things has been forbidden during a fixed period and fixed timings. Now in this verse, the acquisition and use of Haram or unlawful wealth or property has been forbidden. This has a thematic congruity since the real...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Consume not your goods between you that is to say do not let one consume the goods of the other in deception that which is illicit according to the Law such as theft and extortion; and do not proffer them the regulation of these goods or any bribes to the judges that you may consume as a result of a...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Bribery is prohibited and is a Sin `Ali bin Abu Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, "This (Ayah 2:188) is about the indebted person when there is no evidence of the loan. So he denies taking the loan and the case goes to the authorities, even though he knows that it is not his money and that he is...

ٱلَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ ٱلرِّبَوٰا۟ لَا يَقُومُونَ إِلَّا كَمَا يَقُومُ ٱلَّذِى يَتَخَبَّطُهُ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ مِنَ ٱلْمَسِّ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْبَيْعُ مِثْلُ ٱلرِّبَوٰا۟ وَأَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْبَيْعَ وَحَرَّمَ ٱلرِّبَوٰا۟ فَمَن جَآءَهُۥ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ فَٱنتَهَىٰ فَلَهُۥ مَا سَلَفَ وَأَمْرُهُۥٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَمَنْ عَادَ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ

Allazeena yaakuloonar ribaa laa yaqoomoona illaa kamaa yaqoomul lazee yatakhabbatuhush shaitaanu minal mass; zaalika bi annahum qaalooo innamal bai'u mishur ribaa; wa ahallal laahul bai'a wa harramar ribba; faman jaaa'ahoo maw'izatum mir rabbihee fantahaa falahoo maa salafa wa amruhooo ilal laahi wa man 'aada fa ulaaa 'ika Ashaabun naari hum feehaa khaalidoon

Those who consume interest cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection] except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity. That is because they say, "Trade is [just] like interest." But Allah has permitted trade and has forbidden interest. So whoever has received an admonition from his Lord and desists may have what is past, and his affair rests with Allah. But whoever returns to [dealing in interest or usury] - those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide eternally therein.

جو لوگ سود کھاتے ہیں وہ (قبروں سے) اس طرح (حواس باختہ) اٹھیں گے جیسے کسی کو جن نے لپٹ کر دیوانہ بنا دیا ہو یہ اس لئے کہ وہ کہتے ہیں کہ سودا بیچنا بھی تو (نفع کے لحاظ سے) ویسا ہی ہے جیسے سود (لینا) حالانکہ سودے کو خدا نے حلال کیا ہے اور سود کو حرام۔ تو جس شخص کے پاس خدا کی نصیحت پہنچی اور وہ (سود لینے سے) باز آگیا تو جو پہلے ہوچکا وہ اس کا۔ اور (قیامت میں) اس کا معاملہ خدا کے سپرد اور جو پھر لینے لگا تو ایسے لوگ دوزخی ہیں کہ ہمیشہ دوزخ میں (جلتے) رہیں گے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The prohibition of ربا riba From these verses begins the description of the forbiddance of riba ربا and the injunctions relating to its unlawfulness. This issue is very important from different angles. On the one hand, there are the severe warnings of the Qur'an and Sunnah and on the other, it has b...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Those who devour that is those who seize by way of usury which is an excess levied in transactions of money or foodstuffs either on their value or on credit shall not rise again from their graves except rising as one whom Satan has made prostrate demented from touch through madness min al-mass ‘from...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Punishment for Dealing with Riba (Interest and Usury) After Allah mentioned the righteous believers who give charity, pay Zakah and spend on their relatives and families at various times and conditions, He then mentioned those who deal in usury and illegally acquire people's money, using various...

وَإِن كَانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلَىٰ مَيْسَرَةٍ وَأَن تَصَدَّقُوا۟ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ

Wa in kaana zoo 'usratin fanaziratun ilaa maisarah; wa an tasaddaqoo khairul lakum in kuntum ta'lamoon

And if someone is in hardship, then [let there be] postponement until [a time of] ease. But if you give [from your right as] charity, then it is better for you, if you only knew.

اور اگر قرض لینے والا تنگ دست ہو تو (اسے) کشائش (کے حاصل ہونے) تک مہلت (دو) اور اگر (زر قرض) بخش ہی دو توتمہارے لئے زیادہ اچھا ہے بشرطیکہ سمجھو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: After that there is the sixth verse (280) which, in comparison to the anti-human claim of ربا riba, has stressed upon pure moral behavior of showing lenience to the poor and the have-nots. It is said that, if your borrower is too poor to pay back your loan, the provision of Shari'ah is that he be gi...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if any man in debt should be in difficulties then let him have respite a postponement till things are easier read maysara or maysura meaning ‘a time of ease’; but that you should give tassaddaqū where the second tā’ of the softened form tatasaddaqū has been assimilated with the sād the one in di...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Necessity of Taqwa and Avoiding Riba Allah commands His believing servants to fear Him and warns them against what would bring them closer to His anger and drive them away from His pleasure. Allah said, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ اتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ (O you who believe! Have Taqwa of Allah) mea...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيْنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى فَٱكْتُبُوهُ وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌۢ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْ وَلْيُمْلِلِ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْـًٔا فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوْ ضَعِيفًا أَوْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَٱسْتَشْهِدُوا۟ شَهِيدَيْنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمْ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَٱمْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ وَلَا يَأْبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُوا۟ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُوٓا۟ أَن تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوْ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ وَأَدْنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرْتَابُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً حَاضِرَةً تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَا وَأَشْهِدُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٌ وَلَا شَهِيدٌ وَإِن تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقٌۢ بِكُمْ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ

Yaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo izaa tadaayantum bidinin ilaa ajalimmusamman faktubooh; walyaktub bainakum kaatibum bil'adl; wa laa yaaba kaatibun ai yaktuba kamaa 'allamahul laah; falyaktub walyumlilil lazee 'alaihil haqqu walyattaqil laaha rabbahoo wa laa yabkhas minhu shai'aa; fa in kaanal lazee 'alaihil lhaqqu safeehan aw da'eefan aw laa yastatee'u ai yumilla huwa falyumlil waliyyuhoo bil'adl; wastash hidoo shaheedaini mir rijaalikum fa il lam yakoonaa rajulaini farajulunw wamra ataani mimman tardawna minash shuhadaaa'i an tadilla ihdaahumaa fatuzakkira ihdaahumal ukhraa; wa laa yaabash shuhadaaa'u izaa maadu'oo; wa laa tas'amooo an taktuboohu sagheeran awkabeeran ilaaa ajalih; zaalikum aqsatu 'indal laahi wa aqwamu lishshahaadati wa adnaaa allaa tartaabooo illaaa an takoona tijaaratan haadiratan tudeeroonahaa bainakum falaisa 'alaikum junaahun allaa taktuboohan; wa ashidooo izaa tabaaya'tum; wa laa yudaaarra kaatibunw wa laa shaheed; wa in taf'aloo fa innahoo fusooqum bikum; wattaqul laaha wa yu'allimu kumul laah; wallaahu bikulli shai'in 'Aleem

O you who have believed, when you contract a debt for a specified term, write it down. And let a scribe write [it] between you in justice. Let no scribe refuse to write as Allah has taught him. So let him write and let the one who has the obligation dictate. And let him fear Allah, his Lord, and not leave anything out of it. But if the one who has the obligation is of limited understanding or weak or unable to dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And bring to witness two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses - so that if one of the women errs, then the other can remind her. And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. And do not be [too] weary to write it, whether it is small or large, for its [specified] term. That is more just in the sight of Allah and stronger as evidence and more likely to prevent doubt between you, except when it is an immediate transaction which you conduct among yourselves. For [then] there is no blame upon you if you do not write it. And take witnesses when you conclude a contract. Let no scribe be harmed or any witness. For if you do so, indeed, it is [grave] disobedience in you. And fear Allah. And Allah teaches you. And Allah is Knowing of all things.

مومنو! جب تم آپس میں کسی میعاد معین کے لئے قرض کا معاملہ کرنے لگو تو اس کو لکھ لیا کرو اور لکھنے والا تم میں (کسی کا نقصان نہ کرے بلکہ) انصاف سے لکھے نیز لکھنے والا جیسا اسے خدا نے سکھایا ہے لکھنے سے انکار بھی نہ کرے اور دستاویز لکھ دے۔ اور جو شخص قرض لے وہی (دستاویز کا) مضمون بول کر لکھوائے اور خدا سے کہ اس کا مالک ہے خوف کرے اور زر قرض میں سے کچھ کم نہ لکھوائے۔ اور اگر قرض لینے والا بےعقل یا ضعیف ہو یا مضمون لکھوانے کی قابلیت نہ رکھتا ہو تو جو اس کا ولی ہو وہ انصاف کے ساتھ مضمون لکھوائے۔ اور اپنے میں سے دو مردوں کو (ایسے معاملے کے) گواہ کرلیا کرو۔ اور اگر دو مرد نہ ہوں تو ایک مرد اور دو عورتیں جن کو تم گواہ پسند کرو (کافی ہیں) کہ اگر ان میں سے ایک بھول جائے گی تو دوسری اسے یاد دلادے گی۔ اور جب گواہ (گواہی کے لئے طلب کئے جائیں تو انکار نہ کریں۔ اور قرض تھوڑا ہو یا بہت اس (کی دستاویز) کے لکھنے میں کاہلی نہ کرنا۔ یہ بات خدا کے نزدیک نہایت قرین انصاف ہے اور شہادت کے لئے بھی یہ بہت درست طریقہ ہے۔ اس سے تمہیں کسی طرح کا شک وہ شبہ بھی نہیں پڑے گا۔ ہاں اگر سودا دست بدست ہو جو تم آپس میں لیتے دیتے ہو تو اگر (ایسے معاملے کی) دستاویز نہ لکھوتو تم پر کچھ گناہ نہیں۔ اور جب خرید وفروخت کیا کرو تو بھی گواہ کرلیا کرو۔ اور کاتب دستاویز اور گواہ (معاملہ کرنے والوں کا) کسی طرح نقصان نہ کریں۔ اگر تم (لوگ) ایسا کرو تو یہ تمہارے لئے گناہ کی بات ہے۔ اور خدا سے ڈرو اور (دیکھو کہ) وہ تم کو (کیسی مفید باتیں) سکھاتا ہے اور خدا ہر چیز سے واقف ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The Qur'anic injunctions on Loan An important principle of the Law of Dealings, or the Law of Contracts in modern legal terminology, has been taken up in the verses appearing above. Following this, appears a specific principle of the general rules of evidence. These are times when writing is the rag...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe when you contract when you are dealing with a debt such as in prepayment for future delivery of goods or a loan one upon another for a stated a known term write it down as confirmation and security against any dispute; and let a writer write it the contract of debt down between you...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Necessity of Writing Transactions That Take Effect Later on This Ayah is the longest in the Glorious Qur'an. Imam Abu Ja`far bin Jarir recorded that Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib said that he was told that the Ayah most recently revealed from above the Throne -- the last Ayah to be revealed in the Qur'a...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنكُمْ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا

Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo laa taakulooo amwaalakum bainakum bilbaatili 'illaaa an takoona tijaaratan 'an taraadim minkum; wa laa taqtulooo anfusakum; innal laaha kaana bikum Raheemaa

O you who have believed, do not consume one another's wealth unjustly but only [in lawful] business by mutual consent. And do not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.

مومنو! ایک دوسرے کا مال ناحق نہ کھاؤ ہاں اگر آپس کی رضامندی سے تجارت کا لین دین ہو (اور اس سے مالی فائدہ حاصل ہو جائے تو وہ جائز ہے) اور اپنے آپ کو ہلاک نہ کرو کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا تم پر مہربان ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Sequence Looking back from the beginning of Surah Al-Nisa', we see that it points out to the creation of all human beings from one father and mother and to the fact that all of them are bound in one big bond of brotherhood which suggests that rights of human beings at large have to be guarded and fu...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe consume not your goods between you wrongly unlawfully according to the Law through usury or usurpation except it be trading tijāratan also read tijāratun so that the goods be from trade effected through mutual agreement through mutual good-will such goods you may consume. And kill ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Prohibiting Unlawfully Earned Money Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, prohibits His believing servants from illegally acquiring each other's property using various dishonest methods such as Riba, gambling and other wicked methods that appear to be legal, but Allah knows that, in reality, those in...

وَأَخْذِهِمُ ٱلرِّبَوٰا۟ وَقَدْ نُهُوا۟ عَنْهُ وَأَكْلِهِمْ أَمْوَٰلَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَٰفِرِينَ مِنْهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا

Wa akhzihimur ribaa wa qad nuhoo 'anhu wa aklihim amwaalan naasi bilbaatil; wa a'tadnaa lilkaafireena minhum 'azaaban aleema

And [for] their taking of usury while they had been forbidden from it, and their consuming of the people's wealth unjustly. And we have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful punishment.

اور اس سبب سے بھی کہ باوجود منع کئے جانے کے سود لیتے تھے اور اس سبب سے بھی کہ لوگوں کا مال ناحق کھاتے تھے۔ اور ان میں سے جو کافر ہیں ان کے لئے ہم نے درد دینے والا عذاب تیار کر رکھا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Mentioned earlier through several verses were the wrongdoings of Jews and the punishment they would get for doing so. The present verses talk about some other vices of theirs and mention yet another kind of punishment as well. This punishment will, obviously, visit them on the Day of Judgment. But, ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And because of their taking usury when they had been forbidden it in the Torah and their consuming people’s wealth through falsehood through bribes in adjudications and We have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful chastisement.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Some Foods Were Made Unlawful for the Jews Because of their Injustice and Wrongdoing Allah states that because of the injustice and transgression of the Jews, demonstrated by committing major sins, He prohibited some of the lawful, pure things which were previously allowed for them. This prohibition...

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنشَأَ جَنَّٰتٍ مَّعْرُوشَٰتٍ وَغَيْرَ مَعْرُوشَٰتٍ وَٱلنَّخْلَ وَٱلزَّرْعَ مُخْتَلِفًا أُكُلُهُۥ وَٱلزَّيْتُونَ وَٱلرُّمَّانَ مُتَشَٰبِهًا وَغَيْرَ مُتَشَٰبِهٍ كُلُوا۟ مِن ثَمَرِهِۦٓ إِذَآ أَثْمَرَ وَءَاتُوا۟ حَقَّهُۥ يَوْمَ حَصَادِهِۦ وَلَا تُسْرِفُوٓا۟ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُسْرِفِينَ

Wa Huwal lazee ansha-a jannaatim ma'rooshaatinw wa ghaira ma'rooshaatinw wan nakhla wazzar'a mukhtalifan ukuluhoo wazzaitoona warrum maana mutashaabihanw wa ghaira mutashaabih; kuloo min samariheee izaaa asmara wa aatoo haqqahoo yawma hasaadihee wa laa tusrifoo; innahoo laa yuhibbul musrifeen

And He it is who causes gardens to grow, [both] trellised and untrellised, and palm trees and crops of different [kinds of] food and olives and pomegranates, similar and dissimilar. Eat of [each of] its fruit when it yields and give its due [zakah] on the day of its harvest. And be not excessive. Indeed, He does not like those who commit excess.

اور خدا ہی تو ہے جس نے باغ پیدا کئے چھتریوں پر چڑھائے ہوئے بھی اور جو چھتریوں پر نہیں چڑھائے ہوئے وہ بھی اور کھجور اور کھیتی جن کے طرح طرح کے پھل ہوتے ہیں اور زیتون اور انار جو (بعض باتوں میں) ایک دوسرے سے ملتے ہیں جب یہ چیزیں پھلیں تو ان کے پھل کھاؤ اور جس دن (پھل توڑو اور کھیتی) کاٹو تو خدا کا حق بھی اس میں سے ادا کرو اور بےجا نہ اڑاؤ کہ خدا بیجا اڑانے والوں کو دوست نہیں رکھتا

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Linkage of Verses Described in the previous verses were false beliefs of the mushriks of Arabia while the present verses recount their practical errors and ignorant customs. The customs of Jahiliyyah mentioned in these verses are: (1) They took out a portion in the name of Allah from grains and frui...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And He it is Who produces creates gardens orchards trellised extending along the ground as in the case of watermelons and untrellised rising upwards on a stem such as palm-trees; and He produces palm-trees and crops diverse in flavour diverse in the shape and savour of its fruit and seed and olives ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Allah Created the Produce, Seed Grains and Cattle Allah states that He created everything, including the produce, fruits and cattle that the idolators mishandled by their misguided ideas, dividing them into various designated parts, allowing some and prohibiting some. Allah said, وَهُوَ الَّذِى أَنش...

وَإِلَىٰ مَدْيَنَ أَخَاهُمْ شُعَيْبًا قَالَ يَٰقَوْمِ ٱعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهٍ غَيْرُهُۥ قَدْ جَآءَتْكُم بَيِّنَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ فَأَوْفُوا۟ ٱلْكَيْلَ وَٱلْمِيزَانَ وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا۟ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ وَلَا تُفْسِدُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلَٰحِهَا ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

Wa ilaa Madyana akhaahum Shu'aybaa; qaala yaa qawmi' budul laaha maa lakum min ilaahin ghairuhoo qad jaaa'atkum baiyinatum mir Rabbikum fa awful kaila walmeezaana wa laa tabkhasun naasa ashyaa'ahum wa laa tufsidoo fil ardi ba'da islaahihaa; zaalikum khairul lakum in kuntum mu'mineen

And to [the people of] Madyan [We sent] their brother Shu'ayb. He said, "O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him. There has come to you clear evidence from your Lord. So fulfill the measure and weight and do not deprive people of their due and cause not corruption upon the earth after its reformation. That is better for you, if you should be believers.

اور مَدین کی طرف ان کے بھائی شعیب کو بھیجا۔ (تو) انہوں نے کہا کہ قوم! خدا ہی کی عبادت کرو اس کے سوا تمہارا کوئی معبود نہیں۔ تمہارے پاس تمہارے پروردگار کی طرف سے نشانی آچکی ہے تو تم ناپ تول پوری کیا کرو اور لوگوں کو چیزیں کم نہ دیا کرو۔ اور زمین میں اصلاح کے بعد خرابی نہ کرو۔ اگر تم صاحب ایمان ہو تو سمجھ لو کہ یہ بات تمہارے حق میں بہتر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The series of stories relating to prophets (علیہم السلام) continues. The fifth story appears in the verses quoted above. This is the story of Sayyidna Shu'aib (علیہ السلام) and his eople. Sayyidna Shu'aib علیہ السلام according to Muhammad ibn Ishaq, is among the progeny of Madyan, the so...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And We sent to Midian their brother Shu‘ayb. He said ‘O my people worship God! You have no god other than Him. Verily there has come to you a clear proof a miracle from your Lord to prove my truthfulness. So give full measure and weight and do not defraud diminish the value of people’s goods and do ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Story of Shu`ayb, upon him be Peace, and the Land of Madyan Muhammad bin Ishaq said, "They (the people of Madyan) are the descendents of Madyan, son of Midyan, son of Ibrahim. Shu`ayb was the son of Mikil bin Yashjur. And in the Syrian language, his name was Yathrun (Jethro)". I (Ibn Kathir) say, Ma...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ ٱلْأَحْبَارِ وَٱلرُّهْبَانِ لَيَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَٰلَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ ٱلذَّهَبَ وَٱلْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَهَا فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ

Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanooo inna kaseeramminal ahbaari warruhbaani la yaakuloona amwaalan naasi bil baatili wa yasuddoona 'an sabeelil laah; wallazeena yaknizoonaz zahaba wal fiddata wa laayunfiqoonahaa fee sabeelil laahi fabashshirhum bi'azaabin aleem

O you who have believed, indeed many of the scholars and the monks devour the wealth of people unjustly and avert [them] from the way of Allah. And those who hoard gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah - give them tidings of a painful punishment.

مومنو! (اہل کتاب کے) بہت سے عالم اور مشائخ لوگوں کا مال ناحق کھاتے اور (ان کو) راہ خدا سے روکتے ہیں۔ اور جو لوگ سونا اور چاندی جمع کرتے ہیں اور اس کو خدا کے رستے میں خرچ نہیں کرتے۔ ان کو اس دن عذاب الیم کی خبر سنادو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: In the fourth verse (34), the address is to Muslims but the subject taken up concerns the conduct of rabbis and monks among the Jews and Christians, a conduct which led common people astray. Perhaps, the address to Muslims indicates a purpose behind the description of the conduct of Jewish rabbis an...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe many of the rabbis and monks indeed consume take people’s goods by false means as in the case of bribes paid for judgements and bar people from the way of God from His religion. And those who wa’lladhīna is the subject hoard up gold and silver and do not expend them these treasure-...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Warning against Corrupt Scholars and Misguided Worshippers As-Suddi said that the Ahbar are Jewish rabbis, while the Ruhban are Christian monks. This statement is true, for Ahbar are Jewish rabbis, just as Allah said, لَوْلاَ يَنْهَـهُمُ الرَّبَّـنِيُّونَ وَالاٌّحْبَارُ عَن قَوْلِهِمُ الإِثْمَ وَأَك...

قَالُوا۟ يَٰشُعَيْبُ أَصَلَوٰتُكَ تَأْمُرُكَ أَن نَّتْرُكَ مَا يَعْبُدُ ءَابَآؤُنَآ أَوْ أَن نَّفْعَلَ فِىٓ أَمْوَٰلِنَا مَا نَشَٰٓؤُا۟ إِنَّكَ لَأَنتَ ٱلْحَلِيمُ ٱلرَّشِيدُ

Qaaloo yaa Shu'aybu asalaatuka taamuruka an natruka maa ya'budu aabaaa'unaaa aw an naf'ala feee amwaalinaa maa nashaaa'oo innaka la antal haleemur rasheed

They said, "O Shu'ayb, does your prayer command you that we should leave what our fathers worship or not do with our wealth what we please? Indeed, you are the forbearing, the discerning!"

انہوں نے کہا شعیب کیا تمہاری نماز تمہیں یہ سکھاتی ہے کہ جن کو ہمارے باپ دادا پوجتے آئے ہیں ہم ان کو ترک کر دیں یا اپنے مال میں تصرف کرنا چاہیں تو نہ کریں۔ تم تو بڑے نرم دل اور راست باز ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: It means if they were not to listen to him, let them remember that he was not responsible for the eventuality that they may be seized by some punishment. The Holy Prophet ﷺ said about Sayyidna Shu'aib that he was an orator among prophets. His eloquence was exceptional. He went to its farthest limits...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: They said to him mockingly ‘O Shu‘ayb does your way of prayer command you with the obligation to make sure that we should leave what our fathers used to worship of idols or that we should cease to do as we will with our goods? meaning that such a command is an absurdity which no person calling to go...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Response of Shu`ayb's People They said to Shu`ayb, in mockery, أَصَلَوَتُكَ (Does your Salah) Al-A`mash said, "This means your reading." تَأْمُرُكَ أَن نَّتْرُكَ مَا يَعْبُدُ ءابَاؤُنَآ (command you that we give up what our fathers used to worship,) meaning the idols and statues. أَوْ أَن نَّفْع...

وَءَاتِ ذَا ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ حَقَّهُۥ وَٱلْمِسْكِينَ وَٱبْنَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَلَا تُبَذِّرْ تَبْذِيرًا

Wa aati zal qurbaa haqqahoo walmiskeena wabnas sabeeli wa laa tubazzir tabzeeraa

And give the relative his right, and [also] the poor and the traveler, and do not spend wastefully.

اور رشتہ داروں اور محتاجوں اور مسافروں کو ان کا حق ادا کرو۔ اور فضول خرچی سے مال نہ اُڑاؤ

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary On fulfilling the rights of relatives vigilantly Previous verses were devoted to teachings about the rights of parents and how they should be duly respected. In the present verses, the rights of common relatives have been taken up with the guideline that a relative should be given his or ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And give the kinsman his due of dutifulness and kindness and the needy and the traveller as well; and do not squander by expending for any purpose other than in obedience to God.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to maintain the Ties of Kinship and the Prohibition of Extravagance When Allah mentions honoring one's parents, He follows this with the command to treat one's relatives well and to maintain the ties of kinship. According to the Hadith: «أُمَّكَ وَأَبَاكَ، ثُمَّ أَدْنَاكَ أَدْنَاك» وفي ر...

وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَىٰ عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ ٱلْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَّحْسُورًا

Wa laa taj'al yadaka maghloolatan il 'unuqika wa laa tabsut haa kullal basti fataq'uda maloomam mahsooraa

And do not make your hand [as] chained to your neck or extend it completely and [thereby] become blamed and insolvent.

اور اپنے ہاتھ کو نہ تو گردن سے بندھا ہوا (یعنی بہت تنگ) کرلو (کہ کسی کچھ دو ہی نہیں) اور نہ بالکل کھول ہی دو (کہ سبھی دے ڈالو اور انجام یہ ہو) کہ ملامت زدہ اور درماندہ ہو کر بیٹھ جاؤ

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary The instruction for moderation in spending In this verse, the Holy Prophet ﷺ is the direct addressee while the entire Muslim ummah is being addressed through him. The purpose is to teach a just and moderate course in spending which does not prevent one from helping others nor does it end ...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And do not keep your hand chained to your neck in other words do not withhold it completely from expending nor open it in order to expend completely or you will sit blameworthy — this refers to the first case — and denuded cut off having nothing — this refers to the latter case.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Moderation in Spending Allah enjoins moderation in living. He condemns miserliness and forbids extravagance. وَلاَ تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَى عُنُقِكَ (And let not your hand be tied (like a miser) to your neck,) this means, do not be miserly and stingy, never giving anything to anyone, as the...

وَأَوْفُوا۟ ٱلْكَيْلَ إِذَا كِلْتُمْ وَزِنُوا۟ بِٱلْقِسْطَاسِ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمِ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا

Wa awful kaila izaa kiltum wa zinoo bilqistaasil mustaqeem; zaalika khairunw wa ahsanu taaweelaa

And give full measure when you measure, and weigh with an even balance. That is the best [way] and best in result.

اور جب (کوئی چیز) ناپ کر دینے لگو تو پیمانہ پورا بھرا کرو اور (جب تول کر دو تو) ترازو سیدھی رکھ کر تولا کرو۔ یہ بہت اچھی بات اور انجام کے لحاظ سے بھی بہت بہتر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: The prohibition of giving weights and measures short: Ruling Regarding the verse: أَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ إِذَا كِلْتُمْ (And give full measure when you measure - 35), Abu Hayyan says in Tafsir al-Bahr al-Muhit that the responsibility of giving full weight and measure in this verse has been placed on the...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And give full measure complete it when you measure and weigh with a right balance with an even balance that is better and fairer in return.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to handle the Orphan's Wealth properly and to be Honest in Weights and Measures وَلاَ تَقْرَبُواْ مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلاَّ بِالَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ (And come not near to the orphan's property except to improve it, until he attains the age of full strength.) meanin...

أَوْفُوا۟ ٱلْكَيْلَ وَلَا تَكُونُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلْمُخْسِرِينَ

Awful kaila wa laa takoonoo minal mukhsireen

Give full measure and do not be of those who cause loss.

(دیکھو) پیمانہ پورا بھرا کرو اور نقصان نہ کیا کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَأَمْطَرْ‌نَا عَلَيْهِم مَّطَرً‌ا ۖ فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ‌ الْمُنذَرِ‌ينَ and subjected them to a terrible rain. So evil was the rain of those who were warned. - 26:173 This verse has confirmed that if a man commits sodomy, he may be punished with throwing a wall on him or by throwing him down from a high...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Give full measure and do not be of those who give short measure
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to give Full Measure Allah commanded them to give full measure, and forbade them to give short measure. He said: أَوْفُواْ الْكَيْلَ وَلاَ تَكُونُواْ مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ (Give full measure, and cause no loss.) meaning, `when you give to people, give them full measure, and do not cause lo...

وَزِنُوا۟ بِٱلْقِسْطَاسِ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمِ

Wa zinoo bilqistaasil mustaqeem

And weigh with an even balance.

اور ترازو سیدھی رکھ کر تولا کرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary وَزِنُوا بِالْقِسْطَاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ And weigh with an even balance. - 26:182 Some scholars have held the word Quistas as a Roman word, which means justice, while others have taken it as an Arabic word, derived from Qist, which is also used for justice. It means to make use of the scale...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and weigh with an even balance
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to give Full Measure Allah commanded them to give full measure, and forbade them to give short measure. He said: أَوْفُواْ الْكَيْلَ وَلاَ تَكُونُواْ مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ (Give full measure, and cause no loss.) meaning, `when you give to people, give them full measure, and do not cause lo...

وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا۟ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ

Wa laa tabkhasun naasa ashyaaa 'ahum wa laa ta'saw fil ardi mufsideen

And do not deprive people of their due and do not commit abuse on earth, spreading corruption.

اور لوگوں کو ان کی چیزیں کم نہ دیا کرو اور ملک میں فساد نہ کرتے پھرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ And do not make people short of their things - 26:183 What it means is that it is unlawful to reduce any quantity or amount from that which has been contracted with anyone, whether it is a measurable thing or otherwise. Therefore, if a servant or a laborer doe...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and do not defraud people in their goods do not diminish anything of what is due to them and do not be degenerate in the earth seeking corruption by killing or otherwise ta‘thaw ‘degenerate’ derives from ‘athiya meaning afsada ‘to corrupt’; mufsidīna ‘seeking corruption’ is a circumstantial qualifie...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to give Full Measure Allah commanded them to give full measure, and forbade them to give short measure. He said: أَوْفُواْ الْكَيْلَ وَلاَ تَكُونُواْ مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ (Give full measure, and cause no loss.) meaning, `when you give to people, give them full measure, and do not cause lo...

وَمَآ ءَاتَيْتُم مِّن رِّبًا لِّيَرْبُوَا۟ فِىٓ أَمْوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَلَا يَرْبُوا۟ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَآ ءَاتَيْتُم مِّن زَكَوٰةٍ تُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَ ٱللَّهِ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُضْعِفُونَ

Wa maaa aataitum mir ribal li yarbuwa feee amwaalin naasi falaa yarboo 'indal laahi wa maaa aataitum min zaakaatin tureedoona wajhal laahi fa ulaaa'ika humul mud'ifoon

And whatever you give for interest to increase within the wealth of people will not increase with Allah. But what you give in zakah, desiring the countenance of Allah - those are the multipliers.

اور جو تم سود دیتے ہو کہ لوگوں کے مال میں افزائش ہو تو خدا کے نزدیک اس میں افزائش نہیں ہوتی اور جو تم زکوٰة دیتے ہو اور اُس سے خدا کی رضا مندی طلب کرتے ہو تو (وہ موجبِ برکت ہے اور) ایسے ہی لوگ (اپنے مال کو) دو چند سہ چند کرنے والے ہیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَمَا آتَيْتُم مِّن رِّ‌بًا لِّيَرْ‌بُوَ فِي أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ (And whatever Riba [ increased amount ] you give so that it may increase in the wealth of the people, - 30:39). This verse is meant to correct an evil custom which is common in close relatives and the families at large. When people exte...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And what you give in usury — such as when something is given as a gift or a present for the purpose of demanding more in return; it the practice of usury ribā is referred to by the same noun denoting that illicit ‘extra’ ziyāda requested in the financial transaction — that it may increase the wealth...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Command to uphold the Ties of Kinship and the Prohibition of Riba Allah commands giving: ذَا الْقُرْبَى حَقَّهُ (to the kindred his due) his due of respect and upholding the ties of kinship. وَالْمَسَـكِينُ (and to Al-Miskin) the one who has nothing to spend on his needs, or he has something but...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا جَآءَكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتُ مُهَٰجِرَٰتٍ فَٱمْتَحِنُوهُنَّ ٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِهِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَٰتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى ٱلْكُفَّارِ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَّهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ وَءَاتُوهُم مَّآ أَنفَقُوا۟ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَآ ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوا۟ بِعِصَمِ ٱلْكَوَافِرِ وَسْـَٔلُوا۟ مَآ أَنفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْـَٔلُوا۟ مَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ ذَٰلِكُمْ حُكْمُ ٱللَّهِ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ

Yaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo izaa jaaa'akumul mu'minaatu muhaajiraatin famtah inoohunna Allaahu a'lamu bieemaanihinna fa in 'alimtumoohunna mu'minaatin falaa tarji'oohunna ilal kuffaar; laa hunna hillul lahum wa laa hum uahilloona lahunna wa aatoohum maa anfaqoo wa laa junaaha 'alaikum an tankihoohunna izaaa aataitumoohunna ujoorahunn; wa laa tumsikoo bi 'isamil kawaafiri was'aloo maaa anfaqtum walyas'aloo maaa anfaqoo zaalikum hukmul laahi yahkumu bainakum wallaahu 'aleemun hakeem

O you who have believed, when the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. Allah is most knowing as to their faith. And if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers; they are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them. But give the disbelievers what they have spent. And there is no blame upon you if you marry them when you have given them their due compensation. And hold not to marriage bonds with disbelieving women, but ask for what you have spent and let them ask for what they have spent. That is the judgement of Allah; He judges between you. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.

مومنو! جب تمہارے پاس مومن عورتیں وطن چھوڑ کر آئیں تو ان کی آزمائش کرلو۔ (اور) خدا تو ان کے ایمان کو خوب جانتا ہے۔ سو اگر تم کو معلوم ہو کہ مومن ہیں تو ان کو کفار کے پاس واپس نہ بھیجو۔ کہ نہ یہ ان کو حلال ہیں اور نہ وہ ان کو جائز۔ اور جو کچھ انہوں نے (ان پر) خرچ کیا ہو وہ ان کو دے دو۔ اور تم پر کچھ گناہ نہیں کہ ان عورتوں کو مہر دے کر ان سے نکاح کرلو اور کافر عورتوں کی ناموس کو قبضے میں نہ رکھو (یعنی کفار کو واپس دے دو) اور جو کچھ تم نے ان پر خرچ کیا ہو تم ان سے طلب کرلو اور جو کچھ انہوں نے (اپنی عورتوں پر) خرچ کیا ہو وہ تم سے طلب کرلیں۔ یہ خدا کا حکم ہے جو تم میں فیصلہ کئے دیتا ہے اور خدا جاننے والا حکمت والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary Cause of Revelation Peace Treaty of Hudaibiyah and an Analysis of some of its Clauses These verses are related to the event of the treaty of Hudaibiyah which was discussed at legnth in Surah Al-Fath. After protracted negotiation, a treaty was concluded between the Quraish of Makkah and th...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe when believing women come to you saying with their tongues that they are emigrating from the company of disbelievers — this was following the truce concluded with them the disbelievers at al-Hudaybiyya to the effect that if any of their number should go to join the believers that p...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Perhaps Allah will make a Friendship between You and Those, whom You hold as Enemies Allah said to His faithful servants, after ordering them to be enemies with the disbelievers, عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُم مِّنْهُم مَّوَدَّةً (Perhaps Allah will make friendsh...

وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَىْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَٰجِكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْكُفَّارِ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَـَٔاتُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَٰجُهُم مِّثْلَ مَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنتُم بِهِۦ مُؤْمِنُونَ

Wa in faatakum shai'um min azwaajikum ilal kuffaari fa'aaqabtum fa aatul lazeena zahabat azwaajuhum misla maaa anfaqoo; wattaqul laahal lazeee antum bihee mu'minoon

And if you have lost any of your wives to the disbelievers and you subsequently obtain [something], then give those whose wives have gone the equivalent of what they had spent. And fear Allah, in whom you are believers.

اور اگر تمہاری عورتوں میں سے کوئی عورت تمہارے ہاتھ سے نکل کر کافروں کے پاس چلی جائے (اور اس کا مہر وصول نہ ہوا ہو) پھر تم ان سے جنگ کرو (اور ان سے تم کو غنیمت ہاتھ لگے) تو جن کی عورتیں چلی گئی ہیں ان کو (اس مال میں سے) اتنا دے دو جتنا انہوں نے خرچ کیا تھا اور خدا سے جس پر تم ایمان لائے ہو ڈرو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ‌ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَآتُوا الَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَاجُهُم مِّثْلَ مَا أَنفَقُوا ۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّـهَ الَّذِي أَنتُم بِهِ مُؤْمِنُونَ And if some of your [ non-Muslim ] wives have slipped from you, [ and their present non-Muslim husbands do n...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: And if you lose any of your wives that is to say if you lose one or more of them — or it means if you lose anything of their dowries — by their going to the disbelievers as apostates and so you retaliate you embark upon a raid and capture spoils from them then give those whose wives have gone from t...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Perhaps Allah will make a Friendship between You and Those, whom You hold as Enemies Allah said to His faithful servants, after ordering them to be enemies with the disbelievers, عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُم مِّنْهُم مَّوَدَّةً (Perhaps Allah will make friendsh...

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا نُودِىَ لِلصَّلَوٰةِ مِن يَوْمِ ٱلْجُمُعَةِ فَٱسْعَوْا۟ إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَذَرُوا۟ ٱلْبَيْعَ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ

Yaaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo izaa noodiya lis-Salaati miny yawmil Jumu'ati fas'aw ilaa zikril laahi wa zarul bai'; zaalikum khayrul lakum in kuntum ta'lamoon

O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the day of Jumu'ah [Friday], then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and leave trade. That is better for you, if you only knew.

مومنو! جب جمعے کے دن نماز کے لئے اذان دی جائے تو خدا کی یاد (یعنی نماز) کے لئے جلدی کرو اور (خریدو) فروخت ترک کردو۔ اگر سمجھو تو یہ تمہارے حق میں بہتر ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary یا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ‌ اللَّـهِ وَذَرُ‌وا الْبَيْعَ O you who believe, when the call for salah (prayer) is proclaimed on Friday, hasten for the remembrance of Allah, and leave off business…[ 62:9] The Arabic...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: O you who believe when the call for prayer is made on Friday hasten set off to the remembrance of God to the prayer and leave aside all commerce suspend all such contracts. That is better for you should you know that it is better for you then do it.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Al-Jumu`ah (Friday), and the Orders and Etiquette for Friday Friday is called Al-Jumu`ah because it is derived from Al-Jam`, literally, gathering. The people of Islam gather weekly, on every Friday in the major places of worship. It was during Friday when Allah finished the creation, the sixth day, ...

وَإِذَا رَأَوْا۟ تِجَٰرَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا ٱنفَضُّوٓا۟ إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَآئِمًا قُلْ مَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ ٱللَّهْوِ وَمِنَ ٱلتِّجَٰرَةِ وَٱللَّهُ خَيْرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ

Wa izaa ra'aw tijaaratan aw lahwanin faddooo ilaihaa wa tarakooka qaaa'imaa; qul maa 'indal laahi khairum minal lahwi wa minat tijaarah; wallaahu khayrur raaziqeen

But when they saw a transaction or a diversion, [O Muhammad], they rushed to it and left you standing. Say, "What is with Allah is better than diversion and than a transaction, and Allah is the best of providers."

اور جب یہ لوگ سودا بکتا یا تماشا ہوتا دیکھتے ہیں تو ادھر بھاگ جاتے ہیں اور تمہیں (کھڑے کا) کھڑا چھوڑ جاتے ہیں۔ کہہ دو کہ جو چیز خدا کے ہاں ہے وہ تماشے اور سودے سے کہیں بہتر ہے اور خدا سب سے بہتر رزق دینے والا ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Admonishing those who abandon the Imam while he is delivering the Jumu’ ah Khutbah [ Sermon ] وَإِذَا رَ‌أَوْا تِجَارَ‌ةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَ‌كُوكَ قَائِمًا ۚ قُلْ مَا عِندَ اللَّـهِ خَيْرٌ‌ مِّنَ اللَّـهْوِ وَمِنَ التِّجَارَ‌ةِ ۚ وَاللَّـهُ خَيْرُ‌ الرَّ‌ازِقِينَ And when they s...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: On one occasion the Prophet s was delivering the Friday sermon when a caravan arrived and so as was the custom drums were beaten to announce its arrival whereat the people began to leave the mosque to go to it all except for twelve men. The following verse was then revealed But when they sight some ...
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): The Prohibition of leaving the Masjid while the Imam is delivering the Friday Sermon Allah criticizes what happened during one Friday sermon, when a caravan arrived at Al-Madinah and the people rushed out to the merchandise. Allah said, وَإِذَا رَأَوْاْ تِجَـرَةً أَوْ لَهْواً انفَضُّواْ إِلَيْهَا وَ...

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ وَيْلٌ لِّلْمُطَفِّفِينَ

Wailul lil mutaffifeen

Woe to those who give less [than due],

ناپ اور تول میں کمی کرنے والوں کے لیے خرابی ہے

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary According to Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn Masud ؓ ، Surah Tatfif was revealed in Makkah. Therefore, most of the copies of the Qur'an refer to it as the Makki Surah. According to Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، Qatadah, Muqatil and Dahhak رحمۃ اللہ علیہم ، it is a Madani Surah, but only about eight ve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: Woe waylun a term entailing chastisement; or it is the name of a valley in Hell to the defrauders
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Al-Madinah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Increasing and decreasing in the Measure and Weight will be a Cause for Regret and Loss An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah both recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "When the Pr...

ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا ٱكْتَالُوا۟ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ

Allazeena izak taaloo 'alan naasi yastawfoon

Who, when they take a measure from people, take in full.

جو لوگوں سے ناپ کر لیں تو پورا لیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary According to Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn Masud ؓ ، Surah Tatfif was revealed in Makkah. Therefore, most of the copies of the Qur'an refer to it as the Makki Surah. According to Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، Qatadah, Muqatil and Dahhak رحمۃ اللہ علیہم ، it is a Madani Surah, but only about eight ve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: those who when they take measure from people demand it in full the measure;
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Al-Madinah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Increasing and decreasing in the Measure and Weight will be a Cause for Regret and Loss An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah both recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "When the Pr...

وَإِذَا كَالُوهُمْ أَو وَّزَنُوهُمْ يُخْسِرُونَ

Wa izaa kaaloohum aw wazanoohum yukhsiroon

But if they give by measure or by weight to them, they cause loss.

اور جب ان کو ناپ کر یا تول کر دیں تو کم کر دیں

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: Commentary According to Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn Masud ؓ ، Surah Tatfif was revealed in Makkah. Therefore, most of the copies of the Qur'an refer to it as the Makki Surah. According to Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، Qatadah, Muqatil and Dahhak رحمۃ اللہ علیہم ، it is a Madani Surah, but only about eight ve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: but who when they measure for them or weigh for them they cause them loss they diminish for them the measure or the weight.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Which was revealed in Al-Madinah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Increasing and decreasing in the Measure and Weight will be a Cause for Regret and Loss An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah both recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "When the Pr...

وَتَأْكُلُونَ ٱلتُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَّمًّا

Wa taakuloonat turaasa aklal lammaa

And you consume inheritance, devouring [it] altogether,

اور میراث کے مال سمیٹ کر کھا جاتے ہو

Commentary

Ma'arif-ul-Quran: وَتَأْكُلُونَ التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَّمًّا (And you devour the inheritance with a sweeping gulp...89:19). The word lamm means to 'gather, amass, concentrate the thing'. This is the third evil trait of the unbelievers, and the verse signifies that they devour inheritance with voracious appetites howeve...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn: and they devour inheritance turāth means mīrāth greedily lamman that is to say voraciously when they appropriate lammuhum the women’s and the young ones’ share of the inheritance together with their own share of it or to their own wealth;
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Wealth and Poverty are both a Test and Honor or Disgrace for the Servant Allah refutes man in his belief that if Allah gives Him abundant provisions to test him with it, it is out of His honor for him. But this is not the case, rather it is a trial and a test, as Allah says, أَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّمَا ن...

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