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Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ حمٓ

Haa-Meeem

Ha, Meem.

حٰم

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Hā mīm God knows best what He means by these letters.

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وَٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُبِينِ

Wal Kitaabil Mubeen

By the clear Book,

کتاب روشن کی قسم

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

By the Book the Qur’ān that clarifies the one that manifests the path of guidance and what one needs of the prescriptions of the Law.

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إِنَّا جَعَلْنَٰهُ قُرْءَٰنًا عَرَبِيًّا لَّعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ

Innaa ja'alnaahu Quraanan 'Arabiyyal la'allakum ta'qiloon

Indeed, We have made it an Arabic Qur'an that you might understand.

کہ ہم نے اس کو قرآن عربی بنایا ہے تاکہ تم سمجھو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Lo! We have made it We have brought the Book into existence as an Arabic Qur’ān in the language of the Arabs that perhaps you O people of Mecca may understand that you may comprehend its meanings.

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وَإِنَّهُۥ فِىٓ أُمِّ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ لَدَيْنَا لَعَلِىٌّ حَكِيمٌ

Wa innahoo feee Ummil Kitaabi Ladainaa la'aliyyun hakeem

And indeed it is, in the Mother of the Book with Us, exalted and full of wisdom.

اور یہ بڑی کتاب (یعنی لوح محفوظ) میں ہمارے پاس (لکھی ہوئی اور) بڑی فضیلت اور حکمت والی ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And it is indeed fixed in the Mother Book the source of all the scriptures namely the Preserved Tablet which is with Us ladaynā substitutes for fī ummi’l-kitābi ‘in the Mother Book’ and it is indeed exalted above all the scriptures that came before it wise containing excellent wisdoms.

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أَفَنَضْرِبُ عَنكُمُ ٱلذِّكْرَ صَفْحًا أَن كُنتُمْ قَوْمًا مُّسْرِفِينَ

Afanadribu 'ankumuz Zikra safhan an kuntum qawmam musrifeen

Then should We turn the message away, disregarding you, because you are a transgressing people?

بھلا اس لئے کہ تم حد سے نکلے ہوئے لوگ ہو ہم تم کو نصیحت کرنے سے باز رہیں گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Shall We turn away shall We withhold from you the Remembrance the Qur’ān utterly an utter withholding so that you are then neither commanded nor forbidden because you are a profligate an idolatrous folk? No!

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وَكَمْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن نَّبِىٍّ فِى ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

Wa kam arsalnaa min Nabiyyin fil awwaleen

And how many a prophet We sent among the former peoples,

اور ہم نے پہلے لوگوں میں بھی بہت سے پیغمبر بھیجے تھے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And how many a prophet did We send among the ancients!

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وَمَا يَأْتِيهِم مِّن نَّبِىٍّ إِلَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ

Wa maa yaateehim min Nabiyyin illaa kaanoo bihee yasahzi'oon

But there would not come to them a prophet except that they used to ridicule him.

اور کوئی پیغمبر ان کے پاس نہیں آتا تھا مگر وہ اس سے تمسخر کرتے تھے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And never did a prophet come to them but that they used to deride him in the same way that your people deride you — this statement is intended to comfort the Prophet s.

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فَأَهْلَكْنَآ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُم بَطْشًا وَمَضَىٰ مَثَلُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

Fa ahlaknaaa ashadda minhum batshanw wa madaa masalul lawwaleen

And We destroyed greater than them in [striking] power, and the example of the former peoples has preceded.

تو جو ان میں سخت زور والے تھے ان کو ہم نے ہلاک کردیا اور اگلے لوگوں کی حالت گزر گئی

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

So We destroyed those who were mightier than them — than your people — in prowess strength and already there passed there has been mentioned in previous verses the example of the ancients the description of how they were destroyed and thus the sequel for your people will be the same.

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وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ خَلَقَهُنَّ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

Wa la'in sa altahum man khalaqas samaawaati wal arda la yaqoolunna khalaqa hunnal 'Azeezul 'Aleem

And if you should ask them, "Who has created the heavens and the earth?" they would surely say, "They were created by the Exalted in Might, the Knowing."

اور اگر تم ان سے پوچھو کہ آسمانوں اور زمین کو کس نے پیدا کیا ہے تو کہہ دیں گے کہ ان کو غالب اور علم والے (خدا) نے پیدا کیا ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And if wa-la-in the lām is for oaths you ask them ‘Who created the heavens and the earth?’ they will surely say the indicative nūn has been omitted because of the other nūn coming after it and likewise the wāw replaced by the damma in -lunna because of two unvowelled consonants coming together ‘The Mighty the Knower created them’ — this would have to be their eventual response that is to say God created them Lord of Might and Knowledge. God exalted be He adds

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ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلْأَرْضَ مَهْدًا وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ فِيهَا سُبُلًا لَّعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ

Allazee ja'ala lakumul arda mahdanw wa ja'ala lakum feehaa subulal la'allakum tahtadoon

[The one] who has made for you the earth a bed and made for you upon it roads that you might be guided

جس نے تمہارے لئے زمین کو بچھونا بنایا۔ اور اس میں تمہارے لئے رستے بنائے تاکہ تم راہ معلوم کرو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

He Who made the earth a cradle for you a flat resting-place like a child’s cradle and placed for you therein ways routes that perhaps you may be guided to your destinations during your travels;

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وَٱلَّذِى نَزَّلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءًۢ بِقَدَرٍ فَأَنشَرْنَا بِهِۦ بَلْدَةً مَّيْتًا كَذَٰلِكَ تُخْرَجُونَ

Wallazee nazzala minas samaaa'i maaa'am biqadarin fa anshamaa bihee baldatam maitaa' kazaalika tukhrajoon

And who sends down rain from the sky in measured amounts, and We revive thereby a dead land - thus will you be brought forth -

اور جس نے ایک اندازے کے ساتھ آسمان سے پانی نازل کیا۔ پھر ہم نے اس سے شہر مردہ کو زندہ کیا۔ اسی طرح تم زمین سے نکالے جاؤ گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

and Who sent down water from the heaven in measure that is to say in the measure that you require thereof and did not send it down in a deluge and We revived with it a dead land. Thus — like this revivification — will you be brought forth from your graves alive;

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وَٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلْأَزْوَٰجَ كُلَّهَا وَجَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْفُلْكِ وَٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ مَا تَرْكَبُونَ

Wallazee khalaqal azwaaja kullahaa wa ja'ala lakum minal fulki wal-an'aami maa tarkaboon

And who created the species, all of them, and has made for you of ships and animals those which you mount.

اور جس نے تمام قسم کے حیوانات پیدا کئے اور تمہارے لئے کشتیاں اور چارپائے بنائے جن پر تم سوار ہوتے ہو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

and Who created the pairs the species all of them and made for you ships and cattle such as camels on which you ride the referential pronoun has been omitted here for brevity; it is genitive in the case of the first that is fīhi sc. tarkabūna fīhi ‘you ride in them’ and accusative in the case of the second sc. tarkabūnahā ‘you ride them’

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لِتَسْتَوُۥا۟ عَلَىٰ ظُهُورِهِۦ ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَةَ رَبِّكُمْ إِذَا ٱسْتَوَيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَتَقُولُوا۟ سُبْحَٰنَ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُۥ مُقْرِنِينَ

Litastawoo 'alaa zuhoorihee summa tazkuroo ni'mata Rabbikum izastawaitum 'alaihi wa taqooloo Subhaanal lazee sakhkhara lana haaza wa maa kunnaa lahoo muqrineen

That you may settle yourselves upon their backs and then remember the favor of your Lord when you have settled upon them and say. "Exalted is He who has subjected this to us, and we could not have [otherwise] subdued it.

تاکہ تم ان کی پیٹھ پر چڑھ بیٹھو اور جب اس پر بیٹھ جاؤ پھر اپنے پروردگار کے احسان کو یاد کرو اور کہو کہ وہ (ذات) پاک ہے جس نے اس کو ہمارے زیر فرمان کر دیا اور ہم میں طاقت نہ تھی کہ اس کو بس میں کرلیتے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

that you may sit that you may find a firm position upon their backs He has made the suffixed pronoun a masculine plural and rendered zahr ‘back’ plural because of the particle mā and its plural import; and then remember your Lord’s grace when you are settled on them and say ‘Glory be to Him Who has disposed this for us and we by ourselves were no match for it not capable of it.

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وَإِنَّآ إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا لَمُنقَلِبُونَ

Wa innaaa ilaa Rabbinaa lamunqaliboon

And indeed we, to our Lord, will [surely] return."

اور ہم اپنے پروردگار کی طرف لوٹ کر جانے والے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And indeed it is to our Lord that we shall return’ to Him that we shall depart.

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وَجَعَلُوا۟ لَهُۥ مِنْ عِبَادِهِۦ جُزْءًا إِنَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ لَكَفُورٌ مُّبِينٌ

Wa ja'aloo lahoo min 'ibaadihee juz'aa; innal insaana lakafoorum mubeen

But they have attributed to Him from His servants a portion. Indeed, man is clearly ungrateful.

اور انہوں نے اس کے بندوں میں سے اس کے لئے اولاد مقرر کی۔ بےشک انسان صریح ناشکرا ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they assign to Him from among His own servants a part when they say that the angels are God’s daughters — for a child is a part of its parent — even though the angels are like them servants of His exalted be He. Man such as the one who says the above-mentioned words is verily a manifest ingrate one whose ungratefulness is manifest and clear.

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أَمِ ٱتَّخَذَ مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ بَنَاتٍ وَأَصْفَىٰكُم بِٱلْبَنِينَ

Amit takhaza mimmaa yakhluqu banaatinw wa asfaakum bilbaneen

Or has He taken, out of what He has created, daughters and chosen you for [having] sons?

کیا اس نے اپنی مخلوقات میں سے خود تو بیٹیاں لیں اور تم کو چن کر بیٹے دیئے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Or am has the significance of the hamza of denial; the ‘saying’ is implied in other words a-taqūlūna ‘or do you say that …’ He has adopted from all that He has created daughters for Himself and preferred you privileged you with sons? — that which is the necessary inference from what you claim and which by itself is an abomination.

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وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِمَا ضَرَبَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ مَثَلًا ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُۥ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ

Wa izaa bushshira ahaduhum bimaa daraba lir Rahmaani masalan zalla wajhuhoo muswaddanw wa hua kazeem

And when one of them is given good tidings of that which he attributes to the Most Merciful in comparison, his face becomes dark, and he suppresses grief.

حالانکہ جب ان میں سے کسی کو اس چیز کی خوشخبری دی جاتی ہے جو انہوں نے خدا کے لئے بیان کی ہے تو اس کا منہ سیاہ ہوجاتا اور وہ غم سے بھر جاتا ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And when one of them is given the good tidings of that which he has attributed to the Compassionate One of that which he has likened to Him by the ascription to Him of daughters — for a child is likened to its parent; in other words when one of them is informed that a daughter has been born to him his face becomes darkened transformed into one laden with anguish and he chokes inwardly filled with anguish so how can such a person then attribute daughters to Him? Exalted be He high above such claims.

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أَوَمَن يُنَشَّؤُا۟ فِى ٱلْحِلْيَةِ وَهُوَ فِى ٱلْخِصَامِ غَيْرُ مُبِينٍ

Awa mai yunashsha'u fil hilyati wa huwa fil khisaami ghairu mubeen

So is one brought up in ornaments while being during conflict unevident [attributed to Allah]?

کیا وہ جو زیور میں پرورش پائے اور جھگڑے کے وقت بات نہ کرسکے (خدا کی) بیٹی ہوسکتی ہے؟

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

What! a-wa contains both the hamza of denial and the conjunctive waw ‘and’ in other words ‘do they ascribe to God …’ one that is brought up amid trinkets ornaments and is incoherent in a dispute? unable to argue clearly because of an inherent inability in this respect as a result of that person belonging to the female sex.

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وَجَعَلُوا۟ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَٰدُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ إِنَٰثًا أَشَهِدُوا۟ خَلْقَهُمْ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَٰدَتُهُمْ وَيُسْـَٔلُونَ

Wa ja'alul malaaa'ikatal lazeena hum 'ibaadur Rahmaani inaasaa; a shahidoo khalaqhum; satuktabu shahaa datuhum wa yus'aloon

And they have made the angels, who are servants of the Most Merciful, females. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recorded, and they will be questioned.

اور انہوں نے فرشتوں کو کہ وہ بھی خدا کے بندے ہیں (خدا کی) بیٹیاں مقرر کیا۔ کیا یہ ان کی پیدائش کے وقت حاضر تھے عنقریب ان کی شہادت لکھ لی جائے گی اور ان سے بازپرس کی جائے گی

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they have made the angels who are themselves servants of the Compassionate One females. Did they witness were they present at their creation? Their testimony to the effect that they are females will be written down and they will be questioned about it in the Hereafter wherefore punishment will ensue for them.

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وَقَالُوا۟ لَوْ شَآءَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ مَا عَبَدْنَٰهُم مَّا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ

Wa qaaloo law shaaa'ar Rahmaanu maa 'abadnaahum; maa lahum bizaalika min 'ilmin in hum illaa yakhrusoon

And they said, "If the Most Merciful had willed, we would not have worshipped them." They have of that no knowledge. They are not but falsifying.

اور کہتے ہیں اگر خدا چاہتا تو ہم ان کو نہ پوجتے۔ ان کو اس کا کچھ علم نہیں۔ یہ تو صرف اٹکلیں دوڑا رہے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they say ‘Had the Compassionate One so willed we would not have worshipped them’ the angels therefore our worship of them happens by His will and so He must be satisfied with it. God exalted be He says They do not have any knowledge of that which is said of His being satisfied with the worship of these angels; and they are only surmising inventing lies in this respect and so punishment will befall them as a result thereof.

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أَمْ ءَاتَيْنَٰهُمْ كِتَٰبًا مِّن قَبْلِهِۦ فَهُم بِهِۦ مُسْتَمْسِكُونَ

Am aatainaahum Kitaabam min qablihee fahum bihee mustamsikoon

Or have We given them a book before the Qur'an to which they are adhering?

یا ہم نے ان کو اس سے پہلے کوئی کتاب دی تھی تو یہ اس سے سند پکڑتے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Or have We brought them a scripture before that is before the Qur’ān that they should worship other than God so that they are holding fast to it? In other words this never happened.

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بَلْ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا وَجَدْنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا عَلَىٰٓ أُمَّةٍ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِم مُّهْتَدُونَ

Bal qaalooo innaa wajadnaaa aabaaa'anaa 'alaaa ummatinw wa innaa 'alaaa aasaarihim muhtadoon

Rather, they say, "Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion, and we are in their footsteps [rightly] guided."

بلکہ کہنے لگے کہ ہم نے اپنے باپ دادا کو ایک رستے پر پایا ہے اور ہم انہی کے قدم بقدم چل رہے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Nay but they say ‘Lo! we found our fathers following a certain creed and we are indeed proceeding in their footsteps to be guided’ by them for they used to worship other than God.

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وَكَذَٰلِكَ مَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ فِى قَرْيَةٍ مِّن نَّذِيرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ مُتْرَفُوهَآ إِنَّا وَجَدْنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا عَلَىٰٓ أُمَّةٍ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِم مُّقْتَدُونَ

Wa kazaalika maaa arsalnaa min qablika fee qaryatim min nazeerin illaa qaala mutrafoohaaa innaa wajadnaaa aabaaa'anaa 'alaaa ummatinw wa innaa 'alaaa aasaarihim muqtadoon

And similarly, We did not send before you any warner into a city except that its affluent said, "Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion, and we are, in their footsteps, following."

اور اسی طرح ہم نے تم سے پہلے کسی بستی میں کوئی ہدایت کرنے والا نہیں بھیجا مگر وہاں کے خوشحال لوگوں نے کہا کہ ہم نے اپنے باپ دادا کو ایک راہ پر پایا اور ہم قدم بقدم ان ہی کے پیچھے چلتے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And thus We never sent a warner before you into any city without that its affluent folk those of comfortable means said the like of what your people say ‘Lo! we found our fathers following a certain creed and so we are indeed following in their footsteps’.

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قَٰلَ أَوَلَوْ جِئْتُكُم بِأَهْدَىٰ مِمَّا وَجَدتُّمْ عَلَيْهِ ءَابَآءَكُمْ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا بِمَآ أُرْسِلْتُم بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ

Qaala awa law ji'tukum bi ahdaa mimmaa wajattum 'alaihi aabaaa'akum qaalooo innaa bimaaa ursiltum bihee kaafiroon

[Each warner] said, "Even if I brought you better guidance than that [religion] upon which you found your fathers?" They said, "Indeed we, in that with which you were sent, are disbelievers."

پیغمبر نے کہا اگرچہ میں تمہارے پاس ایسا (دین) لاؤں کہ جس رستے پر تم نے اپنے باپ دادا کو پایا وہ اس سے کہیں سیدھا رستہ دکھاتا ہے کہنے لگے کہ جو (دین) تم دے کر بھیجے گئے ہو ہم اس کو نہیں مانتے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Say to them ‘What! Will you follow them even if I bring you a better means to guidance than what you found your fathers following?’ They say ‘Lo! we disbelieve in what you and those before you are sent with’. God exalted be He says to them as a threat to them

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فَٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُكَذِّبِينَ

Fantaqamnaa minhum fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatul mukazzibeen

So we took retribution from them; then see how was the end of the deniers.

تو ہم نے ان سے انتقام لیا سو دیکھ لو کہ جھٹلانے والوں کا انجام کیسا ہوا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

So We took vengeance on them that is to say on those who denied the messengers before you; behold then how was the sequel for the deniers.

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وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَٰهِيمُ لِأَبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِۦٓ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ

Wa iz qaala Ibraaheemu liabeehi wa qawmiheee innane baraaa'um mimmaa ta'budo

And [mention, O Muhammad], when Abraham said to his father and his people, "Indeed, I am disassociated from that which you worship

اور جب ابراہیم نے اپنے باپ اور اپنی قوم کے لوگوں سے کہا کہ جن چیزوں کو تم پوجتے ہو میں ان سے بیزار ہوں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And mention when Abraham said to his father and his people ‘Surely I am innocent of that which you worship

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إِلَّا ٱلَّذِى فَطَرَنِى فَإِنَّهُۥ سَيَهْدِينِ

Illal lazee fataranee innahoo sa yahdeen

Except for He who created me; and indeed, He will guide me."

ہاں جس نے مجھ کو پیدا کیا وہی مجھے سیدھا رستہ دکھائے گا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

except Him Who originated created me; for He will indeed guide me’ He will show me the way to His religion.

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وَجَعَلَهَا كَلِمَةًۢ بَاقِيَةً فِى عَقِبِهِۦ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ

Wa ja'alahaa Kalimatam baaqiyatan fee 'aqibihee la'al lahum yarji'oon

And he made it a word remaining among his descendants that they might return [to it].

اور یہی بات اپنی اولاد میں پیچھے چھوڑ گئے تاکہ وہ (خدا کی طرف) رجوع کریں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And he made it namely the statement of the affirmation of God’s Oneness understood from his words I shall indeed depart to my Lord; He will guide me Q. 3799 a word enduring among his posterity his descendants and thus there still remains among them those who affirm the Oneness of God; that perhaps they that is the people of Mecca might recant what they follow and return to the religion of their forefather Abraham.

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بَلْ مَتَّعْتُ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ وَءَابَآءَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْحَقُّ وَرَسُولٌ مُّبِينٌ

Bal matta'tu haaa'ulaaa'i wa aabaaa'ahum hattaa jaaa'a humul haqqu wa Rasoolum mubeen

However, I gave enjoyment to these [people of Makkah] and their fathers until there came to them the truth and a clear Messenger.

بات یہ ہے کہ میں ان کفار کو اور ان کے باپ دادا کو متمتع کرتا رہا یہاں تک کہ ان کے پاس حق اور صاف صاف بیان کرنے والا پیغمبر آ پہنچا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Nay but I have let these idolaters and their fathers enjoy life without hastening to punish them until there came to them the truth the Qur’ān and a messenger who makes things clear one who manifests to them the stipulations of the Law — and this messenger is Muhammad (s).

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وَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْحَقُّ قَالُوا۟ هَٰذَا سِحْرٌ وَإِنَّا بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ

Wa lammaa jaaa'ahumul haqqu qaaloo haazaa sihrunw wa innaa bihee kaafiroon

But when the truth came to them, they said, "This is magic, and indeed we are, concerning it, disbelievers."

اور جب ان کے پاس حق (یعنی قرآن) آیا تو کہنے لگے کہ یہ تو جادو ہے اور ہم اس کو نہیں مانتے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

But when the truth the Qur’ān came to them they said ‘This is sorcery and we are indeed disbelievers in it’.

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وَقَالُوا۟ لَوْلَا نُزِّلَ هَٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانُ عَلَىٰ رَجُلٍ مِّنَ ٱلْقَرْيَتَيْنِ عَظِيمٍ

Wa qaaloo law laa nuzzila haazal Quraanu 'alaa rajulim minal qaryataini 'azeem

And they said, "Why was this Qur'an not sent down upon a great man from [one of] the two cities?"

اور (یہ بھی) کہنے لگے کہ یہ قرآن ان دونوں بستیوں (یعنی مکّے اور طائف) میں سے کسی بڑے آدمی پر کیوں نازل نہ کیا گیا؟

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they said ‘If only this Qur’ān had been revealed to some great man from the inhabitants of the two towns!’ in other words from either of the two; such as al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra at Mecca or ‘Urwa b. Mas‘ūd al-Thaqafī at Tā’if.

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أَهُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَتَ رَبِّكَ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنَا بَيْنَهُم مَّعِيشَتَهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَرَفَعْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَٰتٍ لِّيَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُهُم بَعْضًا سُخْرِيًّا وَرَحْمَتُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ مِّمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ

Ahum yaqsimoona rahmata Rabbik; Nahnu qasamnaa bainahum ma'eeshatahum fil hayaatid dunyaa wa rafa'naa ba'dahum fawqa ba'din darajaatil liyattakhiza ba'duhum ba'dan sukhriyyaa; wa rahmatu Rabbika khairum mimmaa yajma'oon

Do they distribute the mercy of your Lord? It is We who have apportioned among them their livelihood in the life of this world and have raised some of them above others in degrees [of rank] that they may make use of one another for service. But the mercy of your Lord is better than whatever they accumulate.

کیا یہ لوگ تمہارے پروردگار کی رحمت کو بانٹتے ہیں؟ ہم نے ان میں ان کی معیشت کو دنیا کی زندگی میں تقسیم کردیا اور ایک کے دوسرے پر درجے بلند کئے تاکہ ایک دوسرے سے خدمت لے اور جو کچھ یہ جمع کرتے ہیں تمہارے پروردگار کی رحمت اس سے کہیں بہتر ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Is it they who apportion the mercy of your Lord? the mercy being prophethood. We have apportioned among them their livelihood in the life of this world making some of them wealthy and others poor and raised some of them in wealth above others by degrees so that some of them who are wealthy may take others who are poor in service disposed to work for them in return for a wage the final yā’ in sukhriyyā is attributive; a variant reading has sikhriyyan; and the mercy of your Lord that is Paradise is better than what they amass in this world.

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وَلَوْلَآ أَن يَكُونَ ٱلنَّاسُ أُمَّةً وَٰحِدَةً لَّجَعَلْنَا لِمَن يَكْفُرُ بِٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ سُقُفًا مِّن فِضَّةٍ وَمَعَارِجَ عَلَيْهَا يَظْهَرُونَ

Wa law laaa any yakoonan naasu ummatanw waahidatal laja'alnaa limany yakfuru bir Rahmaani libu yootihim suqufam min fiddatinw wa ma'aarija 'alaihaa yazharoon

And if it were not that the people would become one community [of disbelievers], We would have made for those who disbelieve in the Most Merciful - for their houses - ceilings and stairways of silver upon which to mount

اور اگر یہ خیال نہ ہوتا کہ سب لوگ ایک ہی جماعت ہوجائیں گے تو جو لوگ خدا سے انکار کرتے ہیں ہم ان کے گھروں کی چھتیں چاندی کی بنا دیتے اور سیڑھیاں (بھی) جن پر وہ چڑھتے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And were it not for the danger that mankind would be one community following disbelief We would have made for those who disbelieve in the Compassionate One roofs read saqfan or plural suqufan of silver for their houses li-buyūtihim substitutes for li-man ‘for those who’ and stairs such as steps also of silver by which they ascend by which they go up to the roof;

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وَلِبُيُوتِهِمْ أَبْوَٰبًا وَسُرُرًا عَلَيْهَا يَتَّكِـُٔونَ

Wa libu yootihim abwaabanw wa sururan 'alaihaa yattaki'oon

And for their houses - doors and couches [of silver] upon which to recline

اور ان کے گھروں کے دروازے بھی اور تخت بھی جن پر تکیہ لگاتے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

and doors of silver for their houses and We would have made for them couches of silver surur ‘couches’ is the plural of sarīr on which they recline

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وَزُخْرُفًا وَإِن كُلُّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمَّا مَتَٰعُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱلْـَٔاخِرَةُ عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ

Wa zukhrufaa; wa in kullu zaalika lammaa mataa'ul hayaatid dunyaa; wal aakhiratu 'inda Rabbika lilmuttaqeen

And gold ornament. But all that is not but the enjoyment of worldly life. And the Hereafter with your Lord is for the righteous.

اور (خوب) تجمل وآرائش (کردیتے) اور یہ سب دنیا کی زندگی کا تھوڑا سا سامان ہے۔ اور آخرت تمہارے پروردگار کے ہاں پرہیزگاروں کے لئے ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

and ornaments gold in other words were it not for fear that a believer might disbelieve as a result of Our giving the disbeliever what has been mentioned We would have given him such luxuries since the affairs of this world represent no danger to Us and he the disbeliever would then have no share in the Bliss of the Hereafter. Yet surely wa-in in is softened from the hardened form inna all that would be nothing read lamā with the mā as extra; or read lammā to mean ‘but’ making the particle in for negation but the transient enjoyment of the life of this world enjoyed during it but then perishes and the Hereafter Paradise with your Lord is for the God-fearing.

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وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُۥ شَيْطَٰنًا فَهُوَ لَهُۥ قَرِينٌ

Wa mai ya'shu 'an zikrir Rahmaani nuqaiyid lahoo Shaitaanan fahuwa lahoo qareen

And whoever is blinded from remembrance of the Most Merciful - We appoint for him a devil, and he is to him a companion.

اور جو کوئی خدا کی یاد سے آنکھیں بند کرکے (یعنی تغافل کرے) ہم اس پر ایک شیطان مقرر کردیتے ہیں تو وہ اس کا ساتھی ہوجاتا ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And whoever withdraws from whoever is oblivious to the Remembrance of the Compassionate One namely the Qur’ān We assign We produce for him a devil and he becomes his companion never leaving his side.

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وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَصُدُّونَهُمْ عَنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ

Wa innahum la yasuddoo nahum 'anis sabeeli wa yahsaboona annahum muhtadoon

And indeed, the devils avert them from the way [of guidance] while they think that they are [rightly] guided

اور یہ (شیطان) ان کو رستے سے روکتے رہتے ہیں اور وہ سمجھتے ہیں کہ سیدھے رستے پر ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And indeed they that is the devils bar them the blind from the way from the path of guidance while they suppose that they are rightly guided the plural muhtadūna takes into account the potentially plural sense of man ‘whoever’ of the previous verse

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حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَنَا قَالَ يَٰلَيْتَ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ بُعْدَ ٱلْمَشْرِقَيْنِ فَبِئْسَ ٱلْقَرِينُ

Hattaaa izaa jaaa'anaa qaala yaa laita bainee wa bainaka bu'dal mashriqaini fabi'sal qareen

Until, when he comes to Us [at Judgement], he says [to his companion], "Oh, I wish there was between me and you the distance between the east and west - how wretched a companion."

یہاں تک کہ جب ہمارے پاس آئے گا تو کہے گا کہ اے کاش مجھ میں اور تجھ میں مشرق ومغرب کا فاصلہ ہوتا تو برا ساتھی ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

until when he comes to Us such a blind one together with his companion on the Day of Resurrection he says to him ‘O yā is for calling attention would that there were between me and you the distance of the two easts!’ that is to say like the distance between the east and the west What an evil companion then! you are for me. God exalted be He says

43:39Graph

وَلَن يَنفَعَكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ إِذ ظَّلَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ فِى ٱلْعَذَابِ مُشْتَرِكُونَ

Wa lai yanfa'akumul Yawma iz zalamtum annakum fil 'azaabi mushtarikoon

And never will it benefit you that Day, when you have wronged, that you are [all] sharing in the punishment.

اور جب تم ظلم کرتے رہے تو آج تمہیں یہ بات فائدہ نہیں دے سکتی کہ تم (سب) عذاب میں شریک ہو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And it your wishes or your remorse will not benefit you blind ones this day given that you did wrong that is to say given that it has become clear to you that you were wrongdoers through your idolatry in this world that you together with your companions will be sharing in the chastisement this constitutes the justification on the basis of an implied lām sc. li-annakum … for the ‘lack of benefit’; idh substitutes for al-yawma ‘this day’.

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أَفَأَنتَ تُسْمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّ أَوْ تَهْدِى ٱلْعُمْىَ وَمَن كَانَ فِى ضَلَٰلٍ مُّبِينٍ

Afa anta tusmi'us summa aw tahdil 'umya wa man kaana fee dalaalim mubeen

Then will you make the deaf hear, [O Muhammad], or guide the blind or he who is in clear error?

کیا تم بہرے کو سنا سکتے ہو یا اندھے کو رستہ دکھا سکتے ہو اور جو صریح گمراہی میں ہو (اسے راہ پر لاسکتے ہو)

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Can you then make the deaf hear or can you guide the blind and one who is in manifest error? in other words such individuals will not believe.

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فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُم مُّنتَقِمُونَ

Fa immaa nazhabanna bika fa innaa minhum muntaqimoon

And whether [or not] We take you away [in death], indeed, We will take retribution upon them.

اگر ہم تم کو (وفات دے کر) اٹھا لیں تو ان لوگوں سے تو ہم انتقام لے کر رہیں گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

So if fa-immā the conditional particle in has been assimilated herein with an extra mā We take you away by making you die before chastising them then We will take vengeance on them in the Hereafter;

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أَوْ نُرِيَنَّكَ ٱلَّذِى وَعَدْنَٰهُمْ فَإِنَّا عَلَيْهِم مُّقْتَدِرُونَ

Aw nuriyannakal lazee wa'adnaahum fa innaa 'alaihim muqtadiroon

Or whether [or not] We show you that which We have promised them, indeed, We are Perfect in Ability.

یا (تمہاری زندگی ہی میں) تمہیں وہ (عذاب) دکھا دیں گے جن کا ہم نے ان سے وعدہ کیا ہے ہم ان پر قابو رکھتے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

or We show you during your lifetime that which We have promised them in the way of chastisement for surely We have power over surely We are able to chastise them.

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فَٱسْتَمْسِكْ بِٱلَّذِىٓ أُوحِىَ إِلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ

Fastamsik billazeee oohi ya ilaika innaka 'alaa Siraatim Mustaqeem

So adhere to that which is revealed to you. Indeed, you are on a straight path.

پس تمہاری طرف جو وحی کی گئی ہے اس کو مضبوط پکڑے رہو۔ بےشک تم سیدھے رستے پر ہو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

So hold fast to that which has been revealed to you namely the Qur’ān; surely you are on a straight path a straight way.

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وَإِنَّهُۥ لَذِكْرٌ لَّكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ وَسَوْفَ تُسْـَٔلُونَ

Wa innahoo lazikrul laka wa liqawmika wa sawfa tus'aloon

And indeed, it is a remembrance for you and your people, and you [all] are going to be questioned.

اور یہ (قرآن) تمہارے لئے اور تمہاری قوم کے لئے نصیحت ہے اور (لوگو) تم سے عنقریب پرسش ہوگی

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And it is indeed a Reminder an honour for you and for your people as it has been revealed in their language. And you will eventually be questioned about the extent of your fulfilling your duty towards it.

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وَسْـَٔلْ مَنْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَآ أَجَعَلْنَا مِن دُونِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ءَالِهَةً يُعْبَدُونَ

Was'al man arsalnaa min qablika mir Rusulinaaa aja'alnaa min doonir Rahmaani aalihatany yu badoon

And ask those We sent before you of Our messengers; have We made besides the Most Merciful deities to be worshipped?

اور (اے محمدﷺ) جو اپنے پیغمبر ہم نے تم سے پہلے بھیجے ہیں ان سے دریافت کرلو۔ کیا ہم نے (خدائے) رحمٰن کے سوا اور معبود بنائے تھے کہ ان کی عبادت کی جائے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And ask those of Our messengers whom We sent before you Did We ever appoint besides the Compassionate One that is to say any other than Him gods to be worshipped? It is said that this is to be understood literally in other words that God gathered for him all the messengers on the Night of the Journey; but it is also said that this meant that he should ask any communities belonging to either of the two Peoples of the Scripture. According to one of the two opinions he never asked anyone since the point of this command to ask is to affirm to the idolaters of Quraysh that no messenger or scripture ever came from God with the command to worship any other than God.

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وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مُوسَىٰ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَإِي۟هِۦ فَقَالَ إِنِّى رَسُولُ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

Wa laqad arsalnaa Moosaa bi aayaatinaaa ilaa Fir'awna wa mala'ihee faqaala innee Rasoolu Rabbil 'aalameen

And certainly did We send Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his establishment, and he said, "Indeed, I am the messenger of the Lord of the worlds."

اور ہم نے موسیٰ کو اپنی نشانیاں دے کر فرعون اور اس کے درباریوں کی طرف بھیجا تو انہوں نے کہا کہ میں پروردگار عالم کا بھیجا ہوا ہوں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And verily We sent Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his council namely the Egyptians al-Qibt and he said ‘I am indeed the messenger of the Lord of the Worlds’.

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فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُم بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِذَا هُم مِّنْهَا يَضْحَكُونَ

Falammma jaaa'ahum bi aayaatinaaa izaa hum minhaa yadhakoon

But when he brought them Our signs, at once they laughed at them.

جب وہ ان کے پاس ہماری نشانیاں لے کر آئے تو وہ نشانیوں سے ہنسی کرنے لگے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

But when he brought them Our signs those proving his mission from God behold! they laughed at them.

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وَمَا نُرِيهِم مِّنْ ءَايَةٍ إِلَّا هِىَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ أُخْتِهَا وَأَخَذْنَٰهُم بِٱلْعَذَابِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ

Wa maa nureehim min aayatin illaa hiya akbaru min ukhtihaa wa akhaznaahum bil'azaabi la'allahum yarji'oon

And We showed them not a sign except that it was greater than its sister, and We seized them with affliction that perhaps they might return [to faith].

اور جو نشانی ہم ان کو دکھاتے تھے وہ دوسری سے بڑی ہوتی تھی اور ہم نے ان کو عذاب میں پکڑ لیا تاکہ باز آئیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And We never showed them a sign from among the signs of chastisement such as the flood which was when the waters of the Nile penetrated their dwellings and for seven days rose as high as their throats as they sat or the chastisement of the locusts but it was greater than the one before it the one immediately preceding it. And We seized them with chastisement that perhaps they might recant their disbelief.

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وَقَالُوا۟ يَٰٓأَيُّهَ ٱلسَّاحِرُ ٱدْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَ إِنَّنَا لَمُهْتَدُونَ

Wa qaaloo yaaa ayyuhas saahirud'u lanaa Rabbaka bimaa 'ahida 'indaka innanaa lamuhtadoon

And they said [to Moses], "O magician, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. Indeed, we will be guided."

اور کہنے لگے کہ اے جادوگر اس عہد کے مطابق جو تیرے پروردگار نے تجھ سے کر رکھا ہے اس سے دعا کر بےشک ہم ہدایت یاب ہو جائیں گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they said to Moses upon seeing the chastisement ‘O sorcerer! — that is to say ‘O knowledgeable perfect one’ since for them sorcery was an awesome form of knowledge — supplicate your Lord for us by the covenant that He has made with you to the effect that He would relieve us from chastisement if we believe. Assuredly we will be guided’ that is to say we will become believers.

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فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابَ إِذَا هُمْ يَنكُثُونَ

Falammaa kashafnaa 'anhumul 'azaaba izaa hum yankusoon

But when We removed from them the affliction, at once they broke their word.

سو جب ہم نے ان سے عذاب کو دور کردیا تو وہ عہد شکنی کرنے لگے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

But as soon as We relieved them by the supplication of Moses from the chastisement behold! they had broken their pledge reneging on their covenant and persisting in their disbelief.

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وَنَادَىٰ فِرْعَوْنُ فِى قَوْمِهِۦ قَالَ يَٰقَوْمِ أَلَيْسَ لِى مُلْكُ مِصْرَ وَهَٰذِهِ ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِىٓ أَفَلَا تُبْصِرُونَ

Wa naadaa Fir'awnu fee qawmihee qaala yaa qawmi alaisa lee mulku Misra wa haazihil anhaaru tajree min tahtee afalaa tubsiroon

And Pharaoh called out among his people; he said, "O my people, does not the kingdom of Egypt belong to me, and these rivers flowing beneath me; then do you not see?

اور فرعون نے اپنی قوم سے پکار کر کہا کہ اے قوم کیا مصر کی حکومت میرے ہاتھ میں نہیں ہے۔ اور یہ نہریں جو میرے (محلوں کے) نیچے بہہ رہی ہیں (میری نہیں ہیں) کیا تم دیکھتے نہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And Pharaoh proclaimed boastfully among his people ‘O my people does not the kingdom of Egypt belong to me and these rivers of the Nile flowing beneath me? that is to say beneath my palaces. Do you not perceive? my magnificence.

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أَمْ أَنَا۠ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ هَٰذَا ٱلَّذِى هُوَ مَهِينٌ وَلَا يَكَادُ يُبِينُ

Am ana khairum min haazal lazee huwa maheenunw wa laa yuakaadu yubeen

Or am I [not] better than this one who is insignificant and hardly makes himself clear?

بےشک میں اس شخص سے جو کچھ عزت نہیں رکھتا اور صاف گفتگو بھی نہیں کرسکتا کہیں بہتر ہوں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Or do you perceive in which case am I not better than this one namely Moses who is contemptible feeble and lowly and who can scarcely speak clearly? who can scarcely articulate his speech because of his lisp — which was the result of his accidentally placing a hot coal in his mouth when he was a child.

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فَلَوْلَآ أُلْقِىَ عَلَيْهِ أَسْوِرَةٌ مِّن ذَهَبٍ أَوْ جَآءَ مَعَهُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ مُقْتَرِنِينَ

Falaw laa ulqiya 'alaihi aswiratum min zahabin awjaaa'a ma'ahul malaaa'ikatu muqtarineen

Then why have there not been placed upon him bracelets of gold or come with him the angels in conjunction?"

تو اس پر سونے کے کنگن کیوں نہ اُتارے گئے یا (یہ ہوتا کہ) فرشتے جمع ہو کر اس کے ساتھ آتے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Why then if he were being truthful have bracelets of gold asāwira is the plural of aswira which is the plural of siwār similar in pattern to ghurāb aghriba not been cast on him — as according to their custom with those whom they made their leaders dressing them with gold bracelets and gold necklaces — or the angels not come with him one after the other?’ in succession to testify to his truthfulness.

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فَٱسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُۥ فَأَطَاعُوهُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ قَوْمًا فَٰسِقِينَ

Fastakhaffa qawmahoo fa ataa'ooh; innahum kaanoo qawman faasiqeen

So he bluffed his people, and they obeyed him. Indeed, they were [themselves] a people defiantly disobedient [of Allah].

غرض اس نے اپنی قوم کی عقل مار دی۔ اور انہوں نے اس کی بات مان لی۔ بےشک وہ نافرمان لوگ تھے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Thus did he Pharaoh persuade incite his people and they obeyed him in his wish that Moses be denied. They were truly an immoral folk.

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فَلَمَّآ ءَاسَفُونَا ٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْنَٰهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

Falammaaa aasafoonan taqamnaa minhum fa aghraqnaahum ajma'een

And when they angered Us, We took retribution from them and drowned them all.

جب انہوں نے ہم کو خفا کیا تو ہم نے ان سے انتقام لے کر اور ان سب کو ڈبو کر چھوڑا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

So when they had angered Us We took vengeance on them and drowned them all.

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فَجَعَلْنَٰهُمْ سَلَفًا وَمَثَلًا لِّلْـَٔاخِرِينَ

Faja'alnaahum salafanw wa masalal lil aakhireen

And We made them a precedent and an example for the later peoples.

اور ان کو گئے گزرے کردیا اور پچھلوں کے لئے عبرت بنا دیا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And We made them a thing past salaf is the plural of sālif similar in pattern to khādim khadam that is to say a precedent as a lesson and an example for others after them that they posterity might take their predicament as a lesson and so not engage in actions similar to theirs.

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وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ

Wa lammaa duribab nu Maryama masalan izaa qawmu ka minhu yasidoon

And when the son of Mary was presented as an example, immediately your people laughed aloud.

اور جب مریم کے بیٹے (عیسیٰ) کا حال بیان کیا گیا تو تمہاری قوم کے لوگ اس سے چِلا اُٹھے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And when the son of Mary is cited as an example — after God’s following words were revealed ‘Truly you and what you worship besides God shall be fuel for Hell’ Q. 2198 and the idolaters said ‘We are satisfied that our gods be together with Jesus in Hell for he too was worshipped besides God’ — behold! your people that is the idolaters laugh at it at this example — they clamour with joy at what they hear.

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وَقَالُوٓا۟ ءَأَٰلِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًۢا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ

Wa qaalooo 'a-aalihatunaa khairun am hoo; maa daraboohu laka illaa jadalaa; balhum qawmun khasimoon

And they said, "Are your gods better, or is he?" They did not present the comparison except for [mere] argument. But, [in fact], they are a people prone to dispute.

اور کہنے لگے کہ بھلا ہمارے معبود اچھے ہیں یا عیسیٰ؟ انہوں نے عیسیٰ کی جو مثال بیان کی ہے تو صرف جھگڑنے کو۔ حقیقت یہ ہے یہ لوگ ہیں ہی جھگڑالو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they say ‘Are our gods better or he?’ Jesus. We are satisfied that our gods be in the same predicament with him. They only cite this that is the example to you for the sake of contention merely arguing with falsehood for they know that the particle mā of wa-mā ta‘budūna ‘and what you worship’ refers only to non-rational beings and cannot therefore include Jesus peace be upon him. Nay but they are a contentious lot an extremely disputatious folk.

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إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلْنَٰهُ مَثَلًا لِّبَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ

In huwa illaa 'abdun an'amnaa 'alaihi wa ja'alnaahu masalal li Baneee Israaa'eel

Jesus was not but a servant upon whom We bestowed favor, and We made him an example for the Children of Israel.

وہ تو ہمارے ایسے بندے تھے جن پر ہم نے فضل کیا اور بنی اسرائیل کے لئے ان کو (اپنی قدرت کا) نمونہ بنا دیا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

He Jesus is only a servant of Ours on whom We bestowed favour through prophethood and We made him by his coming into being without a father an exemplar for the Children of Israel that is to say like an example because of the wondrousness of his case one from which one is able to infer God’s power exalted be He to do whatever He will.

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وَلَوْ نَشَآءُ لَجَعَلْنَا مِنكُم مَّلَٰٓئِكَةً فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ

Wa law nashaaa'u laja'alnaa minkum malaaa'ikatan fil ardi yakhlufoon

And if We willed, We could have made [instead] of you angels succeeding [one another] on the earth.

اور اگر ہم چاہتے تو تم میں سے فرشتے بنا دیتے جو تمہاری جگہ زمین میں رہتے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And had We willed We would have appointed among you instead of you angels to be your successors in the earth by Our destroying you.

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وَإِنَّهُۥ لَعِلْمٌ لِّلسَّاعَةِ فَلَا تَمْتَرُنَّ بِهَا وَٱتَّبِعُونِ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ

Wa innahoo la'ilmul lis Saa'ati fala tamtarunna bihaa wattabi'oon; haazaa Siraatum Mustaqeem

And indeed, Jesus will be [a sign for] knowledge of the Hour, so be not in doubt of it, and follow Me. This is a straight path.

اور وہ قیامت کی نشانی ہیں۔ تو (کہہ دو کہ لوگو) اس میں شک نہ کرو اور میرے پیچھے چلو۔ یہی سیدھا رستہ ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And indeed he that is Jesus is a portent of the Hour — the arrival of it is known by the sending down of him — so do not doubt it tamtarunna the indicative nūn has been omitted for apocopation together with the wāw of the third person plural on account of two unvowelled consonants coming together but say to them ‘Follow me in the affirmation of God’s Oneness. This to which I command you is a straight path’.

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وَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ

Wa laa yasuddan nakumush Shaitaanu innahoo lakum 'aduwwum mubeen

And never let Satan avert you. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.

اور (کہیں) شیطان تم کو (اس سے) روک نہ دے۔ وہ تو تمہارا اعلاینہ دشمن ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And do not let Satan bar you do not let him turn you away from God’s religion. Indeed he is a manifest enemy of yours one whose enmity is manifest.

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وَلَمَّا جَآءَ عِيسَىٰ بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ قَالَ قَدْ جِئْتُكُم بِٱلْحِكْمَةِ وَلِأُبَيِّنَ لَكُم بَعْضَ ٱلَّذِى تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ

Wa lammaa jaaa'a 'Eesaa bilbaiyinaati qaala qad ji'tukum bil Hikmati wa li-ubaiyina lakum ba'dal lazee takhtalifoona feehi fattaqul laaha wa atee'oon

And when Jesus brought clear proofs, he said, "I have come to you with wisdom and to make clear to you some of that over which you differ, so fear Allah and obey me.

اور جب عیسیٰ نشانیاں لے کر آئے تو کہنے لگے کہ میں تمہارے پاس دانائی (کی کتاب) لے کر آیا ہوں۔ نیز اس لئے کہ بعض باتیں جن میں تم اختلاف کر رہے ہو تم کو سمجھا دوں۔ تو خدا سے ڈرو اور میرا کہا مانو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And when Jesus came with the clear signs the miracles and the prescriptions of the Law he said ‘Verily I have brought you wisdom prophethood and the prescriptions of the Gospel and I have come to make clear to you some of what you are at variance over in the way of the rulings of the Torah for what concerns religion and otherwise — and he indeed made clear to them the matters of religion. So fear God and obey me.

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إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَٱعْبُدُوهُ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ

Innal laaha Huwa Rabbee wa Rabbukum fa'budooh; haaza Siraatum Mustaqeem

Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is a straight path."

کچھ شک نہیں کہ خدا ہی میرا اور تمہارا پروردگار ہے پس اسی کی عبادت کرو۔ یہی سیدھا رستہ ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Assuredly God is my Lord and your Lord; so worship Him — that is a straight path’.

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فَٱخْتَلَفَ ٱلْأَحْزَابُ مِنۢ بَيْنِهِمْ فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ مِنْ عَذَابِ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ

Fakhtalafal ahzaabu mim bainihim fawailul lillazeena zalamoo min 'azaabi Yawmin aleem

But the denominations from among them differed [and separated], so woe to those who have wronged from the punishment of a painful Day.

پھر کتنے فرقے ان میں سے پھٹ گئے۔ سو جو لوگ ظالم ہیں ان کی درد دینے والے دن کے عذاب سے خرابی ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

But the factions differed among themselves regarding the status of Jesus was he God or the son of God or the third of Three deities? So woe waylun is a term implying chastisement to those who do wrong those who blaspheme in what they say about Jesus from the chastisement of a painful day.

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هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّا ٱلسَّاعَةَ أَن تَأْتِيَهُم بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ

Hal yanzuroona illas Saa'ata an taatiyahum baghtatanw wa hum laa yash'uroon

Are they waiting except for the Hour to come upon them suddenly while they perceive not?

یہ صرف اس بات کے منتظر ہیں کہ قیامت ان پر ناگہاں آموجود ہو اور ان کو خبر تک نہ ہو

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Are they that is the Meccan disbelievers awaiting anything that is to say — they are in fact awaiting nothing — but that Hour should come upon them an ta’tiyahum substitutes for al-sā‘ata ‘the Hour’ suddenly unexpectedly while they are unaware? of the time of its coming beforehand.

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ٱلْأَخِلَّآءُ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ إِلَّا ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ

Al akhillaaa'u Yawma'izim ba'duhum liba'din 'aduwwun illal muttaqeen

Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for the righteous

(جو آپس میں) دوست (ہیں) اس روز ایک دوسرے کے دشمن ہوں گے۔ مگر پرہیزگار (کہ باہم دوست ہی رہیں گے)

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Friends who shared in acts of disobedience in this world will on that day the Day of Resurrection yawma’idhin is semantically connected to His following words be foes of one another except for the God-fearing those who have love for one another through their commitment to obedience of God — such will be friends on that day and it will be said to them

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يَٰعِبَادِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ وَلَآ أَنتُمْ تَحْزَنُونَ

Yaa 'ibaadi laa khawfun 'alaikumul Yawma wa laaa antum tahzanoon

[To whom Allah will say], "O My servants, no fear will there be concerning you this Day, nor will you grieve,

میرے بندو آج تمہیں نہ کچھ خوف ہے اور نہ تم غمناک ہوگے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

‘O My servants there is no fear for you this day nor will you grieve

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ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُوا۟ مُسْلِمِينَ

Allazeena aamanoo bi Aayaatinaa wa kaanoo muslimeen

[You] who believed in Our verses and were Muslims.

جو لوگ ہماری آیتوں پر ایمان لائے اور فرمانبردار ہوگئے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

those who believed alladhīna āmanū adjectivally qualifies ‘ibādī ‘My servants’ in Our signs — the Qur’ān — and had submitted themselves to Me.

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ٱدْخُلُوا۟ ٱلْجَنَّةَ أَنتُمْ وَأَزْوَٰجُكُمْ تُحْبَرُونَ

Udkhulul Jannata antum wa azwaajukum tuhbaroon

Enter Paradise, you and your kinds, delighted."

(ان سے کہا جائے گا) کہ تم اور تمہاری بیویاں عزت (واحترام) کے ساتھ بہشت میں داخل ہوجاؤ

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Enter Paradise you antum the subject and your spouses your wives to be made joyful to be made happy and to be honoured tuhbarūna ‘to be made joyful’ is the predicate of the above subject.

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يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِم بِصِحَافٍ مِّن ذَهَبٍ وَأَكْوَابٍ وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ ٱلْأَنفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ ٱلْأَعْيُنُ وَأَنتُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ

Yutaafu 'alaihim bishaa fim min zahabinw wa akwaab, wa feehaa maatashtaheehil anfusu wa talazzul a'yunu wa antum feehaa khaalidoon

Circulated among them will be plates and vessels of gold. And therein is whatever the souls desire and [what] delights the eyes, and you will abide therein eternally.

ان پر سونے کی پرچوں اور پیالوں کا دور چلے گا۔ اور وہاں جو جی چاہے اور جو آنکھوں کو اچھا لگے (موجود ہوگا) اور (اے اہل جنت) تم اس میں ہمیشہ رہو گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

They will be served from all around with large dishes of gold and goblets akwāb is the plural of kūb which is a drinking vessel without a handle so that the person can drink from whichever side he wants and therein will be whatever souls desire to relish and eyes delight in contemplating and you will abide in it forever.

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وَتِلْكَ ٱلْجَنَّةُ ٱلَّتِىٓ أُورِثْتُمُوهَا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ

Wa tilkal jannatul lateee ooristumoohaa bimaa kuntum ta'maloon

And that is Paradise which you are made to inherit for what you used to do.

اور یہ جنت جس کے تم مالک کر دیئے گئے ہو تمہارے اعمال کا صلہ ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And that is the Paradise which you have been given to inherit as the reward for what you used to do.

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لَكُمْ فِيهَا فَٰكِهَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِّنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ

Lakum feehaa faakihatun kaseeratum minhaa taakuloon

For you therein is much fruit from which you will eat.

وہاں تمہارے لئے بہت سے میوے ہیں جن کو تم کھاؤ گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Therein are abundant fruits for you from which that is parts of which you will eat’ for whatever is eaten is immediately replaced with more of the same.

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إِنَّ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ فِى عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ خَٰلِدُونَ

Innal mujrimeena fee 'azaabi jahannama khaalidoon

Indeed, the criminals will be in the punishment of Hell, abiding eternally.

(اور کفار) گنہگار ہمیشہ دوزخ کے عذاب میں رہیں گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Indeed the guilty will abide forever in the chastisement of Hell —

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لَا يُفَتَّرُ عَنْهُمْ وَهُمْ فِيهِ مُبْلِسُونَ

Laa yufattaru 'anhum wa hum feehi mublisoon

It will not be allowed to subside for them, and they, therein, are in despair.

جو ان سے ہلکا نہ کیا جائے گا اور وہ اس میں نامید ہو کر پڑے رہیں گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

it will not be lightened for them and they will be utterly despondent in it silent in despair.

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وَمَا ظَلَمْنَٰهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوا۟ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Wa maa zalamnaahum wa laakin kaanoo humuz zaalimeen

And We did not wrong them, but it was they who were the wrongdoers.

اور ہم نے ان پر ظلم نہیں کیا۔ بلکہ وہی (اپنے آپ پر) ظلم کرتے تھے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And We never wronged them but they themselves were the wrongdoers.

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وَنَادَوْا۟ يَٰمَٰلِكُ لِيَقْضِ عَلَيْنَا رَبُّكَ قَالَ إِنَّكُم مَّٰكِثُونَ

Wa naadaw yaa Maaliku liyaqdi 'alainaa Rabbuka qaala innakum maakisson

And they will call, "O Malik, let your Lord put an end to us!" He will say, "Indeed, you will remain."

اور پکاریں گے کہ اے مالک تمہارا پروردگار ہمیں موت دے دے۔ وہ کہے گا کہ تم ہمیشہ (اسی حالت میں) رہو گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And they will call out ‘O Mālik — the name of the Keeper of the Fire — let your Lord finish us off!’ let Him make us die. He will say after the passing of a thousand years ‘You will surely remain!’ you will remain in the chastisement forever.

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لَقَدْ جِئْنَٰكُم بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَكُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَٰرِهُونَ

Laqad ji'naakum bilhaqqi wa laakinna aksarakum lilhaqqi kaarihoon

We had certainly brought you the truth, but most of you, to the truth, were averse.

ہم تمہارے پاس حق لے کر آئے ہیں لیکن تم اکثر حق سے ناخوش ہوتے رہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

God exalted be He says ‘Verily We brought you O people of Mecca the truth by the tongue of the Messenger but most of you were averse to the truth’.

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أَمْ أَبْرَمُوٓا۟ أَمْرًا فَإِنَّا مُبْرِمُونَ

Am abramooo amran fainnaa mubrimoon

Or have they devised [some] affair? But indeed, We are devising [a plan].

کیا انہوں نے کوئی بات ٹھہرا رکھی ہے تو ہم بھی کچھ ٹھہرانے والے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Or have they that is the disbelievers of Mecca contrived consolidated some matter? in plotting against the Prophet Muhammad (s). For We too are indeed contriving We too are consolidating Our plan to destroy them.

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أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّا لَا نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَنَجْوَىٰهُم بَلَىٰ وَرُسُلُنَا لَدَيْهِمْ يَكْتُبُونَ

Am yahsaboona annaa laa nasma'u sirrahum wa najwaahum; balaa wa Rusulunaa ladaihim yaktuboon

Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private conversations? Yes, [We do], and Our messengers are with them recording.

کیا یہ لوگ یہ خیال کرتے ہیں کہ ہم ان کی پوشیدہ باتوں اور سرگوشیوں کو سنتے نہیں؟ ہاں ہاں (سب سنتے ہیں) اور ہمارے فرشتے ان کے پاس (ان کی سب باتیں) لکھ لیتے ہیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Or do they reckon that We do not hear their secret thoughts and their conspiring? that is to say what they secretly communicate to others and what they openly conspire about among themselves. Yes indeed! We hear all of that and Our messengers the guardians are with them keeping a record of that.

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قُلْ إِن كَانَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ وَلَدٌ فَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلْعَٰبِدِينَ

Qul in kaana lir Rahmaani walad; fa-ana awwalul 'aabideen

Say, [O Muhammad], "If the Most Merciful had a son, then I would be the first of [his] worshippers."

کہہ دو کہ اگر خدا کے اولاد ہو تو میں (سب سے) پہلے (اس کی) عبادت کرنے والا ہوں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Say ‘If the Compassionate One had a son hypothetically speaking I would have been first among the worshippers of that son; but it is established that He exalted be He does not have a child and thus there can be no worshipping of such a child.

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سُبْحَٰنَ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَرْشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ

Subhaana Rabbis samaawaati wal ardi Rabbil Arshi 'ammaa yasifoon

Exalted is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe.

یہ جو کچھ بیان کرتے ہیں آسمانوں اور زمین کا مالک (اور) عرش کا مالک اس سے پاک ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Glory be to the Lord of the heavens and the earth the Lord of the Throne the ‘arsh is the same as the kursī above what they allege!’ above the lies which they speak in ascribing a child to Him.

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فَذَرْهُمْ يَخُوضُوا۟ وَيَلْعَبُوا۟ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُوا۟ يَوْمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِى يُوعَدُونَ

Fazarhum yakhoodoo wa yal'aboo hattaa yulaaqoo Yawmahumul lazee yoo'adoon

So leave them to converse vainly and amuse themselves until they meet their Day which they are promised.

تو ان کو بک بک کرنے اور کھیلنے دو۔ یہاں تک کہ جس دن کا ان سے وعدہ کیا جاتا ہے اس کو دیکھ لیں

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

So leave them to indulge their falsehoods and play in this world of theirs until they encounter that day of theirs which they are promised chastisement in and that is the Day of Resurrection.

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وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِلَٰهٌ وَفِى ٱلْأَرْضِ إِلَٰهٌ وَهُوَ ٱلْحَكِيمُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

Wa Huwal lazee fissamaaa'i Ilaahunw wa fil ardi Ilaah; wa Huwal Hakeemul'Aleem

And it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity. And He is the Wise, the Knowing.

اور وہی (ایک) آسمانوں میں معبود ہے اور (وہی) زمین میں معبود ہے۔ اور وہ دانا (اور) علم والا ہے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And He it is Who in the heaven is God fi’l-samā’i ilāhun pronounce here both hamzas or drop the first one or softening it into a yā’ in other words Who in the heaven is the Worshipped One and in the earth is God both adverbials are semantically connected to what follows; and He is the Wise in the management of His creatures the Knower of their welfare.

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وَتَبَارَكَ ٱلَّذِى لَهُۥ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَعِندَهُۥ عِلْمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ

Wa tabaarakal lazee lahoo mulkus samaawaati wal ardi wa maa bainahumaa wa 'indahoo 'ilmus Saa'ati wa ilaihi turja'oon

And blessed is He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them and with whom is knowledge of the Hour and to whom you will be returned.

اور وہ بہت بابرکت ہے جس کے لئے آسمانوں اور زمین کی اور جو کچھ ان دونوں میں ہے سب کی بادشاہت ہے۔ اور اسی کو قیامت کا علم ہے اور اسی کی طرف تم لوٹ کر جاؤ گے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And Blessed Magnificent be He to Whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them; and with Him is the knowledge of the Hour of when it shall come to pass and to Him they will all be returned yurja‘ūna may also be read second person plural turja‘ūna ‘you will be returned’.

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وَلَا يَمْلِكُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَن شَهِدَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ

Wa laa yamlikul lazeena yad'oona min doonihish shafaa'ata illaa man shahida bilhaqqi wa hum ya'lamoon

And those they invoke besides Him do not possess [power of] intercession; but only those who testify to the truth [can benefit], and they know.

اور جن کو یہ لوگ خدا کے سوا پکارتے ہیں وہ سفارش کا کچھ اختیار نہیں رکھتے۔ ہاں جو علم ویقین کے ساتھ حق کی گواہی دیں (وہ سفارش کرسکتے ہیں)

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And those whom they the disbelievers call on those whom they worship besides Him that is besides God have no power of intercession for anyone except those who bear witness to the truth that is those who say ‘there is no god except God’ with full knowledge in their hearts of what they have testified to with their tongues — such are Jesus Ezra and the angels who will intercede for believers.

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وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُ فَأَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ

Wa la'in sa altahum man khalaqahum la yaqoolun nallaahu fa annaa yu'fakoon

And if you asked them who created them, they would surely say, "Allah." So how are they deluded?

اور اگر تم ان سے پوچھو کہ ان کو کس نے پیدا کیا ہے تو کہہ دیں گے کہ خدا نے۔ تو پھر یہ کہاں بہکے پھرتے ہیں؟

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And if wa-la-in the lām is for oaths you ask them who created them they will surely say ‘God’ la-yaqūlunna the indicative nūn and the plural person indicator wāw have been omitted. How can they then deviate? how can they be turned away from worshipping God?

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وَقِيلِهِۦ يَٰرَبِّ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوْمٌ لَّا يُؤْمِنُونَ

Wa qeelihee yaa Rabbi inna haa'ulaaa'i qawmul laa yu'minoon

And [Allah acknowledges] his saying, "O my Lord, indeed these are a people who do not believe."

اور (بسااوقات) پیغمبر کہا کرتے ہیں کہ اے پروردگار یہ ایسے لوگ ہیں کہ ایمان نہیں لاتے

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And as for his saying that is the saying of the Prophet Muhammad (s) wa-qīlihi is accusative dependent because it is a verbal noun followed by an implicit verb in other words wa-qāla qīlihi ‘and he said his saying’ ‘O my Lord! These are indeed a people who have no faith’.

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فَٱصْفَحْ عَنْهُمْ وَقُلْ سَلَٰمٌ فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ

Fasfah 'anhum wa qul salaam; fasawfa ya'lamoon

So turn aside from them and say, "Peace." But they are going to know.

تو ان سے منہ پھیر لو اور سلام کہہ دو۔ ان کو عنقریب (انجام) معلوم ہوجائے گا

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

God exalted be He says Then disregard them leave them be and say ‘Peace!’ I will stay away from you — this was revealed before he was commanded to fight them. For they will soon come to know ya‘lamūna may also be read as second person plural ta‘lamūna ‘you will come to know’ meant to threaten them.